Infobox Language name Dahalo states Kenya region Coast Province, Kenya Coast Province speakers 400 familycolor ... Tosco 1992 ref iso3 dal notice IPA Dahalo is an endangered language endangered South Cushitic languages South Cushitic language spoken by at most 400 people on the Kenya n coast near the mouth of the Tana River Kenya Tana River . The Dahalo, former elephant hunters, are dispersed among Swahili and other ... are no longer learning the language. ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Dahalo has a highly diverse sound system using all four airstream mechanism s found in human language click consonant ... pulmonic egressive pulmonic sounds. In addition, Dahalo makes a number of uncommon distinctions. It contrasts laminal consonant laminal and apical consonant apical stops, as in Basque language Basque ... and is perhaps the only language in the world to contrast alveolar consonant alveolar and palatal consonant palatal lateral consonant lateral fricatives and affricates. It is suspected that the Dahalo may have once spoken a Sandawe language Sandawe or Hadza language Hadza like language, and that they retained clicks in some words when they language shift shifted to Cushitic, because many of the words ... . Sounds Consonants Dahalo has 62 consonants ref Maddieson, Ian Spaji , Sini a Sands, Bonny & Ladefoged, Peter. 1993 . Phonetic structures of Dahalo. In I. Maddieson Ed. , UCLA working papers ... Dahalo words additional tone linguistics tonic possibilities, as Dahalo pitch accent is syllable dependent ... in other languages. Voiceless clicks are much more common than voiced clicks. Vowels Dahalo has ... center Mid vowel Mid e e o o align center Open vowel Low colspan 2 a a Phonotactics Dahalo words ... words with intervocalic clicks are known, such as IPA nowiki ana nowiki . Dahalo has pitch ... dal Ethnologue entry for Dahalo References no footnotes date December 2008 Maddieson, Ian Spaji , Sini a ... more details
On Language was a regular column in the weekly New York Times Magazine on the English language discussing popular etymology , new or unusual usages, and other language related topics. The inaugural column was published on February 18, 1979 and it was a regular popular feature. Many of the columns were collected in books. Columnist and journalist William Safire was one of the most frequent contributors from the inception of the column until Safire s death in 2009. He wrote the inaugural On Language column in 1979. ref http www.nytimes.com 2009 10 11 magazine 11FOB onlanguage t.html New York Times On Language The Maven, Nevermore about Safire s legacy ref starting it with the greeting How do you do. This is a new column about language. In more than 30 years, he contributed more than 1300 installments to the column. Safire was succeeded by Ben Zimmer , who wrote the column until its final edition on February 25, 2011. ref http www.nytimes.com 2011 02 27 magazine 27fob onlanguage t.html New York Times On Language The Future Tense ref About the cancellation of the column, the incoming editor of New York Times Magazine Hugo Lindgren explained this and other changes to the magazine It is mine now. I m in charge. We re going to be doing some significant redesign work, and have a newish magazine by the end of January. The big thing is, I want to create a kind of new identity for the front of the book section. That doesn t mean that everything s being tossed out. We re looking at everything and evaluating what sort of fits. ref http nymag.com daily intel 2010 11 new times magazine editor hugo.html New York Magazine New Times Magazine Editor Hugo Lindgren on His Plans Big Subjects, More T, and the End of The Way We Live Now ref References Reflist External links http topics.nytimes.com topics features magazine columns on language index.html A collection of On Language columns published in The New York Times DEFAULTSORT On Language Category English language Category The New York ... more details
About the properties of language in general other uses Language disambiguation File Lakhovsky Conversation.jpg ... Cuneiform is one of the first known forms of written language , but spoken language is believed to predate writing by tens of thousands of years at least. Language may refer either to the specifically ... of such a system of complex communication. The scientific study of language in any of its senses ... salient examples, but natural language s can also be based on visual rather than auditory stimulus physiology stimuli , for example in sign language s and written language . Code s and other kinds of constructed language artificially constructed communication systems such as those used for programming language computer programming can also be called languages. A language in this sense is a system ... ultimately from Latin lingua , language, tongue , via Old French . ref name AHD cite encyclopedia title language encyclopedia The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language edition 3rd year 1992 location Boston publisher Houghton Mifflin Company ref When used as a general concept, language .... Language as a communication system is thought to be fundamentally different from and of much ... a finite number of elements. Language is thought to have originated when early hominids first started ... with an increase in brain volume, and many linguists see the structures of language as having evolved to serve specific communicative functions. Language is neurolinguistics processed in many ... Wernicke s area s. Humans language acquisition acquire language through social interaction in early childhood, and children generally speak fluently when they are around three years old. The use of language ... identity , social stratification and for social grooming and entertainment . The word language ... from sequences of words. Languages language change evolve and diversify over time, and the history ... of languages that descend from a common ancestor is known as a language family . The languages ... more details
Infobox Language name Are states Papua New Guinea region Milne Bay Province , tip of Cape Vogel speakers 1,230 familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western fam5 Papuan Tip languages Papuan Tip fam6 Kilivila nowrap Nuclear Papuan Tip fam7 Are Taupota languages Are Taupota fam8 Are languages Are iso3 mwc The Are language is an Austronesian language of the eastern Papua New Guinea n mainland, It s spoken by about 1,230 people. External links ethnologue mwc Category Nuclear Papuan Tip languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea PapuaNewGuinea stub au lang stub fr Are langue hr Are jezik is Are ... more details
Infobox language name Then states CHN region Pingtang County , southern Guizhou speakers 15,000 date 1999 ethnicity familycolor Kradai fam2 Kam Sui languages Kam Sui iso3 tct The Then language zh also spelled T en and Ten is a Kam Sui language spoken in Pingtang County , southern Guizhou . References Reflist Bo, Wenze. 1997. Yanghuang yu yan jiu A Study of Yanghuang Then . Beijing Zhong yang min zu da xue chu ban she. External links http language.psy.auckland.ac.nz austronesian language.php?id 719 Then word list from the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database Tai Kadai languages Category Languages of China Category Kam Sui languages tk lang stub fr T en ... more details
Infobox language name Sonjo nativename ke temi ethnicity Sonjo people states Tanzania region Arusha Region, Ngorongoro District, near the Kenyan border speakers 30,000 2002 SIL familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo languages Benue Congo fam4 Bantoid languages Bantoid fam5 Bantu languages Bantu fam6 Northeast Bantu fam7 Kikuyu Kamba iso3 soz Sonjo is a Bantu languages Bantu language spoken in northern Tanzania , 30 40 miles west of Lake Natron . Ethnolinguistically, it is a displaced member of Malcolm Guthrie Guthrie s E50 group, most other members of which are found in Central Kenya. Within that group, it is most closely related to Gikuyu language Gikuyu . The Sonjo people number about 30,000 2002 SIL many of them are bilingual in Swahili language Swahili , the local language of education. Sonjo is largely undescribed. The Sonjo have lived for centuries as an isolated enclave in Maasai people Maasai territory. They are known for their use of irrigation systems in agriculture, a rare trait which causes some historians to link them to the hitherto unexplained ruined irrigation systems of Engaruka , 60 miles to the southeast. The term Sonjo is the name given to the people by the Maasai they call themselves ba temi and their language ke temi or gi temi . Apart from inevitable Maasai Eastern Nilotic languages Eastern Nilotic influence, Sonjo shows influence from Chaga language Chaga Bantu E40 , various Southern Cushitic languages , and from Southern Nilotic languages Southern Nilotic . The Southern Cushitic influence has been attributed to an ancestral Ma a language Ma a or DahalolanguageDahalo community, while the Southern Nilotic traits most probably come from Datooga language Datooga . References Nurse, Derek & Franz Rottland. 1991. Sonjo Description, Classification, History , in Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika , 12 13, 171 289. Category Languages of Tanzania Category Northeast Bantu languages nc lang stub sw Kitemi ... more details
Infobox journal title Language Problems and Language Planning cover File Language Problems and Language Planning.png editor Humphrey Tonkin discipline Linguistics peer reviewed language Multilingual former names abbreviation publisher John Benjamins Publishing Company country Netherlands frequency Triannually history 1977 present openaccess license impact impact year website http www.benjamins.com cgi bin t seriesview.cgi?series LPLP link1 link1 name link2 link2 name JSTOR OCLC 67125214 LCCN CODEN ISSN 0272 2690 eISSN 1569 9889 boxwidth Language Problems and Language Planning is a peer review peer reviewed linguistics linguistic academic journal published by John Benjamins Publishing Company in cooperation with the Center for Research and Documentation on World Language Problems . Its core topics are issues of language policy as well as economic and sociological aspects of linguistics. The journal has existed in its present form since 1977. A predecessor journal, called La monda lingvo problemo The world language problem in Esperanto , had appeared since 1969 at Mouton , and been edited by Victor Sadler 1969 1972 and Richard E. Wood 1973 1976 . While many articles are in English, the journal is open for articles written in any language. ref cite web url http www.benjamins.com cgi bin show html.cgi?file jbp series LPLP guidelines.html&back overview title Instructions to Contributors accessdate 2011 01 05 publisher John Benjamins Publishing Company ref The journal is listed in several scientific indexes. The present editor in chief is Humphrey Tonkin University of Hartford . References Reflist External links Official 1 http www.benjamins.com cgi bin t seriesview.cgi?series LPLP http dok.esperantic.org ced lplp.htm Its page at Esperantic Studies Foundation http www.benjamins.com ... journals Category Publications established in 1977 cv Language Problems and Language Planning eo Language Problems and Language Planning ... more details
saved book title Language subtitle cover image cover color White Language Overview Language Origin of language Core topics Alphabet Communication Dialect Expression language Expression Semiotics Speech Sublanguage Universal grammar Vocabulary Study of language Linguistics Historical linguistics Logos Philology Philosophy of language Types of languages Animal language Alien language Constructed language Controlled natural language Extinct language Formal language International auxiliary languageLanguage family Mathematics as a language Natural language Programming language Second language Sign language Visual language Whistled language Miscellany Cultural emphasis Information and media literacy Language preservation Language production Linguistic competence Linguistic performance Speech production Speech repetition World languages Indo European languages English language Languages of Spain Spanish languages Russian language Hindi Hindi language Swedish language Latin Latin language Bengali language Portuguese language Japanese language Arabic language Standard Mandarin Less commonly taught languages Tamil language Nafaanra language Turkish language Wagiman language Mongolian language Indigenous languages of the Americas Greenlandic language Ottawa language Mayan languages Nahuatl Otomi language ... more details
Khuen language may refer to Khuen language , a Mon Khmer language of the Khuen people , an aboriginal ethnic group of Laos Kh n language or Tai Kh n language , a Tai Kadai language of Burma disambiguation language ... more details
Koibal language may refer to The Koybal dialect of the Khakas language , a modern Turkic language. Koibal language Samoyedic , an extinct Samoyedic language. disambig ... more details
The Bau language may be the Fijian language Bau language New Guinea Bau Bidayuh language Borneo Kulang dialect of the Gaam language dab ... more details
Ndorobo may refer to several languages in Tanzania Aas x language Aramanik language Kisankasa language Mediak language Mosiro language disambig Category Languages of Tanzania ... more details
Lele is the name of four different languages Lele language Chad , an Afro Asiatic language Lele language Democratic Republic of the Congo , a Bantu language Lele language Guinea , a Mande language Lele language Papua New Guinea , an Austronesian language The Ly l language of Burkina Faso also goes by the form Lele . disambig ... more details
In computational linguistics and natural language processing , language recognition may refer to Language identification Natural language understanding Speech recognition Language recognition speech See also Wikipedia Language recognition chart disambig ... more details
Koro language may refer to Koro language India Koro language New Guinea Koro language Vanuatu Koro language Mande Jilic languages Nigeria Ashe language Nigeria dab ... more details
wiktionary target language Target language may refer to Target language, in applied linguistics and language education, the language which a person is learning, also called second language Target language, in translation , the language to which a source text is translated Target language, in computer science, the computer language that a compiler translates into source code See also Source language disambig Category Language acquisition Category Language education Category Translation Category Compilers mk zh ... more details
Boro language may refer to Bodo language , a Tibeto Burman language spoken in India, official language of Assam state Boro language Ghana , an extinct and unclassified language of Ghana Boro language Ethiopia , an Omotic language of Ethiopia disambig ko ... more details
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