Fair use of Image DNSBelgium Logo please see the image description page for rationale. Image DNSBelgium Logo.png right DNSBelgium or DNS.be is a non profit organisation responsible for managing the .be top level domain . Domain names are registered by the various agents of DNSBelgium, on behalf of their individual clients, as part of a wiktionary decentralised decentralised registration and applications procedure. Established in 1999 by the Internet Service Providers Association , Fabrimetal and the Belgium Telecommunications Users Group , DNSBelgium adopted this decentralised network of registrars on December 11, 2000 in order to create a simpler, automated procedure for the registration of domain names. Since 2003 , the company has been party to a data escrow agreement, to ensure continuity of service s. The organisation s name is derived, in part, from the term domain name system domain name server . DNS.be is a founder member of the EURid consortium which administers the .eu TLD, and provided the model upon which the organisation is based. External links http www.dns.be Official Web Site compu domain stub WebManTools Category Domain registries Category Organisations based in Belgium Category Non profit organisations based in Belgium nl DNS.be ... more details
Summary Wikipedia Logos Logo of the non profit organisation, DNSBelgium , for use in that article. Source Obtained from the official web site at http www.dns.be http www.dns.be . Licensing Non free logo Fair Use Rationale DNSBelgium Although this image, used in the article DNSBelgium , has been copyrighted, I feel that Wikipedia s use of the image is permissible under the fair use provision of United States law because It is the logo of a notable, non profit organisation The logo has not been used in a manner which indicates Endorsement of the Wikimedia Foundation, nor any subsidiaries thereof, by DNSBelgium Endorsement of DNSBelgium, nor any subsidiaries thereof, by the Wikimedia Foundation The logo provides encyclopedic value in that it identifies uniquely the organisation under description The image used is presented at a lower resolution I have uploaded this image in the good faith that fair use is permissible. User Robchurch Rob Church sup User talk Robchurch Talk Wikipedia Featured Article Help Desk FAHD sup 12 47, 14 October 2005 UTC ... more details
DNS may refer to Wiktionary DNS Military Director Navy Staff Defense National Stockpile Center Science Chemistry 3,5 Dinitrosalicylic acid Medicine Deviated septum or deviated nasal septum, a physical disorder of the nose involving a displacement of the nasal septum Doctor of Nursing Science see Doctorate in Nursing Technologies Computing Direct numerical simulation Domain Name System , Internet system to translate names into IP addresses . Dragon NaturallySpeaking , speech recognition software Electronics Distant Network Signals, a Direct broadcast satellite satellite television service which allows rural satellite television customers to receive network broadcasts from out of market regions when no local network signals are available. Do not stuff unpopulated locations on printed circuit board assembly printed circuit board assemblies and ceramic tile s Others Det Nodvendige Seminarium International Teachers Training College in Denmark Did Not Start, a racing term for a competitor failing to start the race Dinas Powys railway station , Wales National Rail station code DNS Distressed non swimmer see distressed swimmer The Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway The German language German Hungarian language Hungarian variant of DNA , using S for sav S ure instead of A for acid disambig da DNS de DNS et DNS fr DNS it DNS disambigua lv DNS noz mju atdal ana hu DNS egy rtelm s t lap ja DNS no DNS ru DNS ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 DNS Bajaj is a graphical tool for checking the delegation of a domain name in the Domain name system DNS . External links http www.zonecut.net dnsDNS Bajaj http www.digdns.org dnsDNS Bajaj at digdns.org Category Domain name system Website stub ... more details
Microsoft DNS is the name given to the implementation of domain name system services provided in Microsoft ... two clients and a server. Every Microsoft Windows machine has a DNS lookup client, to perform ordinary DNS lookups. Some machines have a Dynamic DNS client, to perform Dynamic DNS Update transactions, registering the machines names and IP address es. Some machines run a DNS server, to publish DNS data, to service DNS lookup requests from DNS lookup clients, and to service DNS update requests from DNS update clients. The server software is only supplied with the server versions of Windows. DNS lookup client Applications perform DNS lookups with the aid of a Dynamic link library DLL . They call library functions in the DLL, which in turn handle all communications with DNS servers over User Datagram ... to the applications. Microsoft s DNS client also has optional support for local caching, in the form of a DNS Client service also known as DNSCACHE . Before they attempt to directly communicate with DNS ... to the DNS Client service on the machine. If there is one, and if such a connection can be made, they hand the actual work of dealing with the lookup over to the DNS Client service. The DNS Client service itself communicates with DNS servers, and cache s the results that it receives. Microsoft s DNS client is capable of talking to multiple DNS servers. The exact algorithm varies according ... DNS server until it fails to answer, whereupon communication switches to one of several alternative DNS servers. The effects of running the DNS Client service There are several minor differences in system behavior depending on whether the DNS Client service is started Parsing of the hosts ... the DNS Client service and have to fall back to communicating with DNS servers themselves. In turn, the DNS ... modification timestamp of the file has changed since it last read it. Thus With the DNS Client ... whenever the DNS Client service notices that it has been modified. Without the DNS Client ... more details
nofootnotes date August 2010 DNS rebinding is a form of computer attack. In this attack, code embedded in a compromised or malicious web page alters the way a web browser connected to the site uses Domain name system Domain name system DNS . Usage Data requests from embedded web code typically JavaScript ... as the web page itself. DNS rebinding can increase the ability of JavaScript based malware to penetrate private networks, by subverting this same origin policy same origin policy . DNS rebinding can ... of data scraping or DDoS attacks. How DNS rebinding works The attacker registers a domain and delegates it to a Domain Name System DNS server he controls. The server is configured to respond with a very ... RFC1918 behind a Firewall computing firewall . Because both records are valid DNS responses, they authorize ... lived IP addresses, the DNS spoofing enables the script to scan the local network, or to perform other malicious activities. Protection The following techniques can be used to prevent DNS rebinding attacks DNS pinning locking the IP address to the value received in the first DNS response. This technique may block some legitimate uses of Dynamic DNS . Blocking resolution of external names into internal ... List of HTTP headers Host header External links http crypto.stanford.edu dns Collin Jackson, Adam Barth, Andrew Bortz, Weidong Shao, Dan Boneh Protecting Browsers from DNS Rebinding Attacks http noscript.net NoScript a Firefox extension which also partially protects from DNS rebinding http www.jumperz.net index.php?i 2&a 3&b 3 DNS rebinding attack demonstration implemented in Flash now obsolete http www.adobe.com devnet flashplayer articles fplayer9 security.html goal dnsDNS rebinding ...?assetkey 1 26 103078 1 DNS rebinding security update for the Java platform Sun JVM http vimeo.com 7907871 DNS Rebinding with Robert RSnake Hansen video explanation of the attack and the spamming brute force facets. Category Web security exploits es DNS rebinding ... more details
Norton DNS is a free public Name server DNS service offered by Symantec Symantec Corporation that claims to offer a faster and more reliable web browsing experience with basic security features integrated. ref name nortondns faq cite web url http www.nortondns.com faq title Norton DNS Public Beta publisher Symantec accessdate 2010 06 28 ref History The service was opened to the public in June 2010. ref name norton everywhere cite web url http www.symantec.com norton theme.jsp?themeid norton everywhere title Norton Everywhere Norton DNS publisher Symantec accessdate 2010 06 28 ref Symantec expects to keep the service free of charge after the beta phase is completed. ref name h online cite web url http www.h online.com security news item Symantec s Norton DNS service to block malware 1015912.html title Symantec s Norton DNS service to block malware date 5 June 2010 author Uli Ries publisher The H Security News and Features accessdate 2010 06 28 ref Functionality Users can activate Norton DNS by setting their DNS server addresses to the Norton DNS servers hosted at 198.153.192.1 and 198.153.194.1 . Client software for Windows and Mac OS X is also available that can automatically configure these settings. A similar client is available for Android operating system Android mobile phones through the Android Market . ref name nortondns faq DNS queries routed through Norton DNS are checked with the Norton Safe Web database to ensure that they do not point to malicious websites. Symantec thus seeks to block malware and phishing attempts. ref name norton everywhere Norton DNS will also intercept misspelled domain names and offer suggestions or display advertising. ref name nortondns faq See also OpenDNS Google Public DNSDNS Advantage Reference reflist Symantec Category Symantec software Category Domain name system web stub ... more details
Infobox company company name DNS Advantage company logo Image DNS advantage.png 220px Logo company type DNS Resolution Service foundation December 2007 homepage http www.dnsadvantage.com www.dnsadvantage.com DNS Advantage is a free, closed source Domain Name System DNS resolution service. It provides the following two recursive nameserver addresses for public use, mapped to the nearest operational server location by anycast routing 156.154.70.1 156.154.71.1 Services Current services are limited to DNS resolution and blocking of malicious or questionable websites. Independent testing of the malicious site blocking shows that the block list is limited. ref http www.enterprisenetworkingplanet.com netsp article.php 3727951 Enterprise Networking Planet Article, Feb 13th 2008 ref Planned services are Typographic Correction Management Dashboard Domain filtering site blocker ref http www.dnsadvantage.com dnsadv index.html DNS Advantage About US webpage ref As of September 2009, DNS Advantage provides geographically distributed servers in 15 locations on 5 continents. br The cities hosting their servers ... locations.html DNS Advantage Node Locations Webpage ref History DNS Advantage was launched on December 11, 2007 as a free DNS service. It is built on top of the infrastructure already provided by the commercial ... . ref http www.dnsadvantage.com about media center.html DNS Advantage Media Webpage ref ref http ... www.techworld.com networking features index.cfm?featureid 3978&pn 2 TechWorld Are free DNS services worth the cost? ref While UltraDNS provides DNS services to many household names such as Amazon.com ... http www.dnsadvantage.com about index.html DNS Advantage About US webpage ref it is not clear who utilizes the free DNS Advantage service. The free service is in direct competition to OpenDNS . ref ... See also Google Public DNS OpenNIC OpenNIC http www.opennicproject.org www.opennicproject.org OpenDNS ... Internet properties established in 2007 pt DNS Advantage ru UltraDNS ... more details
Dynamic DNS is a method protocol network service that provides the capability for a networked device ... DNS name server to change, in real time, the active DNS configuration of its configured hostnames, addresses or other information. A popular application of dynamic DNS is to provide a residential ... through standard DNS queries. History In the initial stages of the Internet ARPANET addressing ... to remote databases configured for each network, or Domain name domain . Even this DNS facility ... and addresses could be assigned as needed. This feature required that DNS servers be kept current automatically as well. The first implementations of dynamic DNS fulfilled this purpose Host computers gained the feature to notify their respective DNS server of the address they had received from a DHCP server or through self configuration. This protocol based DNS update method was documented and standardized in IETF publication RFC 2136 in 1997 and has become a standard part of the DNS protocol ... communications more fully. Today, numerous providers, called Dynamic DNS service providers, offer such technology and services on the Internet. Function Dynamic DNS providers offer a software ... to by the term Dynamic DNS , although it is not the standards based DNS Update method. However, the latter ... already built into their firmware . One of the early routers to support Dynamic DNS was the UMAX UGate 3000 in 1999, which supported the TZO.COM dynamic DNS service. http www.umax.com company press ... address configured in their customers equipment. With dynamic DNS, the home computer can automatically ... the host name used for the dynamic DNS service entry to the current address of the home computer with a DNS ... networks, dynamic DNS is an integral part of Active Directory , because domain controller s register their SRV record network service types in DNS so that other computers in the Domain or Forest ... dynamic updates via the public Internet, as these public dynamic DNS services have been abused increasingly ... more details
A DNS zone is a portion of the global Domain Name System DNS namespace for which administrative responsibility has been delegated. Definition The DNS namespace is defined by RFC 1034, Domain Names Concepts ... name system are termed DNS zones . DNS zones may consist of only one domain, or may comprise many ... tangible expression of a DNS zone are the database elements that are used to technically administer a zone in a DNS management software system. Traditionally, each zone was stored in a separate database ... of information see list of DNS record types , with an Extensibility extensible design that has Scalability ... level, the global domain name system consists of a single DNS zone, the DNS root zone root zone . This zone ..., each becoming a DNS zone itself with its own set of administrators and DNS servers, the tree grows ... of the tree, the term DNS zone becomes essentially synonymous, both in terms of use and administration ... assigned to it and the term zone is usually used for configuration of DNS services. Stub Zones ... records for other DNS servers. In this way, they provide DNS redundancy while using significantly less network bandwidth than a full blown secondary zone server. Forward DNS zones The so far mentioned DNS zones are all used for the mapping of humanly practical, name based domains to mostly numerically ... and the DNS zones associated with such process are often referred to as forward zones. The term ... the DNS name associated with an IP address, for example. Such reverse zones are maintained in the Internet ... forward zone refers to a specific configuration of DNS name server s, particularly caching name server ... infrastructure DNS zones and reverse zones The tt .arpa arpa tt top level domain serves as a delegation zone for various technical infrastructure aspects of DNS and the Internet and does not follow the well ... aid to the modern DNS system, deleting the tt arpa tt domain was later found to be impractical ... is different, the technical delegation into zones of responsibility is similar and the DNS tools and servers ... more details
DNS hijacking or DNS redirection is the practice of redirecting the resolution of Domain Name System DNS names to other DNS servers. This is done for malicious purposes such as phishing for self serving ... where advertisements are served, statistics can be collected, or other purposes of the ISP and by DNS ... or of an unwanted Who date December 2010 nature. Technical background One of the functions of a DNS ... that define the protocol in considerable detail. DNS servers are implicitly trusted by internet facing ... of an internet domain. Rogue DNS server A rogue DNS server translates domain names of desirable ..., even malicious websites. Most users depend on DNS servers automatically assigned by their ISP s. Zombie computer s use DNS changing Trojan horse computing trojans to invisibly switch the automatic DNS server assignment by the ISP to manual DNS server assignment from rogue DNS servers. Citation needed ... Article DNS title Optimum Online DNS Assistance ref Comcast , ref cite web url http www.theregister.co.uk 2009 07 28 comcast dns hijacker title Comcast trials s Domain Helper service s DNS hijacker ... shownews Rogers Uses Deep Packet Inspection for DNS Redirection 96239 title Rogers Uses Deep Packet Inspection for DNS Redirection publisher dslreports.com date 20 July 2008 accessdate 2010 ... Navigation Help Feature quote Ist die Navigationshilfe aktiviert, werden DNS Server zugewiesen, die dieses Leistungsmerkmal unterst tzen ist sie deaktiviert, werden herk mmliche DNS Server zugewiesen. ref Optus , ref http service1.dnsassist.optusnet.com.au search?qh DNS 20hijacking ref Mediacom , ref ... DNS protocol ie hijacking hosts title Charter Corrupting DNS protocol ie hijacking hosts ref ref cite web url http jeffturner.net 2008 03 road runner dns hijack causing slow web pages title road runner dns hijack causing slow web pages ref ref cite web url http www.digitalhome.ca content view 2689 206 title Rogers violates net neutrality by hijacking failed DNS lookups ref use DNS hijacking for their own ... more details
About the Java platform Java like naming convention other meanings Reverse DNS disambiguation The reverse domain name system , or Reverse DNS , is a system for naming components, packages, or types in computer systems. A characteristic of reverse DNS strings is that they are based on registered domain name s, and are only reversed for sorting purposes. For example, if a company making a product called MyProduct has the registered domain name example.com , they could use the reverse DNS string com.example.MyProduct to describe it. History Reverse DNS first became widely used with the Java platform , and has since been used for other systems. Examples Examples of systems that use Reverse DNS are Sun Microsystems Java platform and Apple Inc. Apple s Uniform Type Identifier . Example of reverse DNS strings are com.adobe.postscript font Uniform Type Identifier UTI string for Adobe Systems s PostScript fonts com.apple.ostype Uniform Type Identifier UTI string for Apple Inc. Apple s OSType org.omg.CORBA Java programming language Java library for Common Object Request Broker Architecture CORBA org.w3c.dom Java programming language Java library for World Wide Web Consortium W3C s Document Object Model DOM References cite web url http developer.apple.com documentation Carbon Conceptual understanding utis understand utis intro understand utis intro.html title Apple Developer Connection Introduction to Uniform Type Identifiers Overview date 2005 11 09 accessdate 2007 07 13 External links http wiki.eclipse.org index.php Naming Conventions Eclipse Naming Conventions http gcc.gnu.org ml java 2000 04 msg00095.html Re gnu. namespace discussion Category Domain name system ... more details
Infobox Belgium Municipality name As picture picture legend map As Limburg Belgium Map.png map legend Location of As in Limburg arms As Wapen .jpg flag Flag of As.svg region BE REG FLE community BE NL province BE PROV LI arrondissement Arrondissement of Hasselt Hasselt nis 71002 pyramid date 0 19 20 64 65 foreigners foreigners date mayor Miel Craeghs Lijst Truyen majority Lijst Truyen postal codes 3665, 3668 telephone area 089 web http www.as.be www.as.be lat deg 51 lat min 00 lon deg 05 lon min 35 As is a municipality located in the Belgium Belgian province of Limburg Belgium Limburg . On January 1, 2006 As had a total population of 7,497. The total area is 22.07 km which gives a population density of 340 inhabitants per km . History In 1971 the municipality was formed by the merger of two villages As and Niel bij As, which both lie on the Bosbeek river on the Campine plateau between the Demer and Meuse River s. The location of the settlements close to a water course in this dry region gave rise to the villages names As is a prehistoric name for water ASKA which first referred to the Bosbeek River and later the village itself. Archaeological finds indicate an early prehistoric settlement, including objects made of flint dating from the earliest Stone Age . The area was inhabited from 500 BC as shown by a cemetery in the field between Genk and As. The Ancient Rome Romans built the road from Tongeren to Venlo via Munsterbilzen and As. The current road next to the river and the roads to Niel and Dorne follow the course of the Roman road. However, the Romans did not establish any settlements in the area as the sandy soil was not fertile enough. After the fall of Rome, the Francs ... only in Dutch language Dutch Municipalities in Limburg Category Municipalities of Limburg Belgium Category Populated places in Belgium af As br As Belgia bg ca As B lgica de As Belgien eo As Belgio ... ro As Belgia ru simple As, Belgium th vi As, Limburg vo As war As, Belhika zh ... more details
DNS management software is computer software that controls Domain Name System DNS server clusters. Its main purpose is to reduce human error when editing complex and repetitive text based DNS server configuration files. Such files are often deployed on multiple physical servers. DNS service providers often deploy a complex mix of different types of DNS servers in their networks. In addition, different zone resource records must be provided to DNS clients based on the clients IP addresses usually ... has been to rely on databases and complex DNS management software to insure homogeneity and avoid single points of deployment errors. Before the availability of DNS management software, large DNS service providers relied on system administrators and in house custom collections of Perl or Shell computing Shell program scripts that provided some automation for managing large sets of DNS zones across a cluster of servers. Some DNS software includes these high level management tools. The most widely used DNS software, the Internet Systems Consortium ISC BIND DNS server software does not contain high level server cluster management software. See also Comparison of DNS server software mysqlBind GPL licensed, open source DNS management software. Nominum Proprietary DNS software company founded by Paul Mockapetris webmin Unix web application with some DNS configuration support. ApplianSys DNSbox DNSbox Proprietary DNS management software from ApplianSys . Secure64 Software Secure64 Proprietary DNS management software. Internet Protocol Address Management IP, DNS and DHCP Management systems SolidServer Proprietary DNS management software from http www.efficientip.com EfficientIP . http www.ultratools.com UltraTools DNS software suite owned by NeuStar NeuStar. http www.dnsbindeditor.com DnsBindEditor A cross platfrom DNS Editor for ISC Bind. External links dmoz Computers Internet Protocols DNSDNS Providers DNS Providers dmoz Computers Software Internet Servers Address Management ... more details
Google Public DNS is a free Domain Name System DNS Domain Name System service announced on 3 December 2009, ref http www.wired.com threatlevel 2009 12 geez google wants to take over dns too Geez, Google Wants to Take Over DNS, Too Wired, 3 December 2009 ref as part of Google s effort to make the web ... Public DNS , Official Google Blog ref ref http bits.blogs.nytimes.com 2009 12 03 pondering googles move into the dns business Pondering Google s Move Into the D.N.S. Business New York Times, 4 December 2009 ref Google Public DNS provides the following recursive nameserver addresses for public use, ref http code.google.com speed public dns Google DNS Speed ref mapped to the nearest operational server location by anycast routing ref http code.google.com speed public dns faq.html countries Google DNS FAQ Countries ref 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 Services The service is still experimental. It does not use third party DNS management software such as BIND , instead relying on a homegrown implementation, with limited IPv6 support, which conforms to the DNS standards set forth by the IETF . ref Cite web url http code.google.com intl en EN speed public dns faq.html accessdate December 4, 2009 title Frequently ... intl en EN speed public dns faq.html privacy Public DNS Privacy FAQ ref ref http www.google.com ... dns and your privacy.html Google Public DNS and your privacy PC World, 4 December 2009 ref History In December 2009, Google Public DNS was launched with its announcement ref http googleblog.blogspot.com 2009 12 introducing google public dns.html Introducing Google Public DNS Official Google Blog, 3 ... post on the Google Code blog. ref http googlecode.blogspot.com 2009 12 introducing google public dns new dns.html Introducing Google Public DNS Google Code Blog, 3 December 2009 ref See also OpenDNS Open Root Server Network OpenNIC DNS Advantage NortonDNS References Reflist External links http code.google.com speed public dns Google Public DNS Google Inc. DEFAULTSORT Google Public Dns Category Google ... more details
Onesource date June 2009 In computer networking , split horizon DNS , split view DNS , or split brain DNS is the facility of a Domain Name System DNS implementation to provide different sets of DNS information, selected by, usually, the source address of the DNS request. This facility can provide a mechanism for security and privacy management by logical or physical separation of DNS information for network internal access within an administrative domain , e.g., company and access from an insecure, public network e.g. the Internet . Implementation of split horizon DNS can be accomplished with hardware based separation or by software solutions. Hardware based implementations run distinct DNS server devices for the desired access granularity within the networks involved. Software solutions use either multiple DNS server processes on the same hardware or special server software with the built in capability of discriminating access to DNS zone records. The latter is a common feature of many server software implementations of the DNS protocol cf. Comparison of DNS server software and is sometimes the implied meaning of the term split horizon DNS , since all other forms of implementation can be achieved with any DNS server software. Split Horizon DNS and DNSSEC Split horizon DNS is designed ... to properly combine these two DNS features. ref http tools.ietf.org html draft krishnaswamy dnsop dnssec split view Split View DNSSEC Operational Practices ref See also Comparison of DNS ... http homepage.ntlworld.com. jonathan.deboynepollard FGA dns split horizon.html Providing split horizon DNS service . http www.cyberciti.biz faq linux unix bind9 named configure views BIND 9 Configure Views To Partition External and Internal DNS Information . http www.jonsblog.org 2010 01 23 10 6 2 split horizon dns Providing split horizon DNS service on OS X Server systems . http www.howtoforge.com two in one dns bind9 views Detailed How to on DNS Views on Bind 9 . Category Domain name system ... more details
internet hosting A DNS hosting service is a service that runs Domain Name System servers. Most, but not all, domain name registrar s include DNS hosting service with registration. Free DNS hosting services also exist. Many third party DNS hosting services provide Dynamic DNS . DNS hosting service is better when the provider has multiple servers in various geographic locations that provide resilience and minimize latency for clients around the world. Citation needed date February 2011 DNS can also be self hosted by running Domain Name System DNS software DNS software on generic Internet hosting service s. Free DNS A number of sites offer free DNS hosting, either for second level domains registered with registrars which do not offer free or sufficiently flexible DNS service, or as third level domains selection.somedomain.com . These services generally also offer Dynamic DNS. Free DNS typically includes facilities to manage A, MX, CNAME, TXT and NS records of the domain zone. Citation needed date August 2008 In many cases the free services can be upgraded with various premium services. Free DNS service providers can also make money through sponsorship. The majority of modern free DNS services are sponsored by large providers of telecommunication services. Citation needed reason please give a reliable source for this assertion. What providers are being sponsored? reason User Sampattuzzi Sampattuzzi User talk Sampattuzzi talk date August 2008 See also Domain Name System , domain name Dynamic DNS Fast flux DNS Internet hosting service Remote backup service Category Internet hosting internet stub ... more details
DNS cache poisoning is a security or data integrity compromise in the Domain Name System DNS . The compromise occurs when data is introduced into a DNS name server s cache database that did not originate from authoritative DNS sources. It may be a deliberate attempt of a maliciously crafted attack on a name server. It may also be an unintended result of a misconfiguration of a DNS cache or from improper software design of DNS applications. When a DNS server has received such non authentic data and caches ... address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. If a DNS server is poisoned ... Normally, a networked computer uses a DNS server provided by the computer user s organization or an Internet service provider ISP . DNS servers are generally deployed in an organization s network ... on a single DNS server can affect the users serviced directly by the compromised server or indirectly ... Exploit computer security exploit s a flaw in the DNS software. If the server does not correctly validate DNS responses to ensure that they are from an authoritative source for example by using DNSSEC ... DNS entries for a target website on a given DNS server, replacing them with the IP address of a server ... virus . A user whose computer has referenced the poisoned DNS server would be tricked into accepting ... must force the target DNS server to make a request for a domain controlled by one of the attacker s nameservers. Redirect the target domain s nameserver The first variant of DNS cache poisoning ..., then assigning that nameserver an IP address specified by the attacker. DNS server s request what ... of DNS cache poisoning involves redirecting the nameserver of another domain unrelated to the original request to an IP address specified by the attacker. DNS server s request what are the address ... can be prevented on DNS servers by being less trusting of the information passed to them by other DNS servers, and ignoring any DNS records passed back which are not directly relevant to the query. For example ... more details
Round robin DNS is a technique of load distribution , load balancing, or fault tolerance provisioning multiple, redundant Internet Protocol service hosts, e.g., Web server s, FTP server s, by managing the Domain Name System s DNS responses to address requests from client computers according to an appropriate statistical model. In its simplest implementation Round robin DNS works by responding to DNS requests not only with a single IP address , but a list of IP addresses of several servers that host identical services. The order in which IP addresses from the list are returned is the basis for the term round robin . With each DNS response, the IP address sequence in the list is Permutation permuted . Usually, basic IP clients attempt connections with the first address returned from a DNS query so that on different connection attempts clients would receive service from different providers, thus distributing the overall load among servers. There is no Internet standard standard procedure for deciding ... addresses after a connection timeout of 30 45 seconds. Round robin DNS is often used for balancing ... robin DNS has problematic drawbacks, such as those arising from record caching in the DNS hierarchy ... to manage. Round robin DNS should not solely be relied upon for service availability. If a service at one of the addresses in the list fails, the DNS will continue to hand out that address and clients ... DNS load balancing works best for services with a large number of uniformly distributed connections ... such limitations. For example, modified DNS servers such as lbnamed ref http www.stanford.edu riepel lbnamed lbnamed , a load balanced DNS server implemented in the Perl programming language ref ... as required, the server can be temporarily removed from the DNS pool, until it reports that it is once again operating within specifications. References references RFC 1794 DNS Support for Load Balancing ... de Lastverteilung per DNS ja DNS ru Round robin DNS fr DNS Round Robin ... more details
For the former alternative root system called eDNS, see eDNS alternative DNS root . Extension mechanisms for DNS EDNS is a specification for expanding the size of several parameters of the Domain Name System DNS protocol which had size restrictions that the Internet engineering community deemed too limited for increasing functionality of the protocol. The first set of extensions was published in 1999 by the Internet Engineering Task Force as RFC 2671, also known as EDNS0 . ref RFC 2671, Extension Mechanisms for DNS EDNS0 , P. Vixie, The Internet Society August 1999 ref Motivation The Domain Name ... in size of several flags fields, return codes and label types available in the basic DNS protocol were not sufficient to support some desirable features. Moreover, DNS messages carried by UDP ... overhead. This presented a major obstacle to adding new features to DNS. In 1999, Paul Vixie proposed extending DNS to allow for new flags and response codes, and to provide support for longer responses ... no new flags could be added in the DNS header, the differentiation of the new protocol extensions format ... only control records not appearing in any zone files. DNS endpoints insert these optional records ... record type. DNS participants should only send EDNS requests to DNS servers if they are prepared to handle EDNS responses DNS servers should only use EDNS in responses to requests containing OPT records ... versions of the protocol. The original DNS protocol provided two label types, which are defined by the first two bits in DNS packets RFC 1035 00 standard label and 11 compressed label . EDNS introduces ... EDNS is essential for the implementation of DNS Security Extensions DNSSEC . ref RFC 4035, Protocol Modifications for the DNS Security Extensions , R. Arends, Telematica Instituut, 2005. Section ..., since some firewalls assume a maximum DNS message length of 512 bytes and block longer DNS packets ... of Service attacks called DNS amplification feasible, since EDNS facilitates very large response packets ... more details
A DNS root zone is the top level DNS zone in a Domain Name System DNS hierarchy. Most commonly it refers to the root zone of the largest global DNS, deployed for the Internet . The zone is managed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA , managed by ICANN . A combination of limits in the DNS ..., resulted in a limited number of Root nameserver root server addresses that can be accommodated in DNS ... 13 clusters, serving the needs of the entire public Internet worldwide. Initialization of DNS service There are thirteen root server clusters that are authoritative for queries to the global DNS root ..., a DNS resolver must first be able to look up a root server to find the address of an authoritative server for the .net DNS zone. Clearly this creates a circular dependency , so the address ... to the DNS. This is usually done by shipping the addresses of all known DNS root servers as a file ... is known, all other DNS information can be discovered recursively, and the address of any domain name may be found. Redundancy and diversity The root DNS servers are essential to the function of the Internet ... on domain names. The DNS servers are potential points of failure for the entire Internet. For this reason, there are multiple root servers worldwide. The number has been limited to 13 in DNS responses because DNS was limited to 512 byte packets until protocol extensions EDNS were designed to lift this restriction ..., the distribution has shifted and this is no longer the case. Usually each DNS server installation ... date October 2009 See also Alternative DNS root s AS112 Internet backbone References reflist Notes ... DNS Root refend External links http www.root servers.org root servers.org http www.circleid.com tags root servers CircleID.com , on DNS Root Servers http www.caida.org outreach papers 2003 dnsplacement CAIDA.org , paper on root server location problem http www.circleid.com posts new instance of dns ... inside Category Domain name system Root zone ja DNS ru ckb DNS ... more details
The Caching Name Server CNS was a high end commercial caching only Domain name system DNS Server computing server software product from Nominum , a company founded by Paul Mockapetris , the inventor of the Domain Name System. The CNS server product has been replaced by the Vantio sup TM sup Base Server. See also Comparison of DNS server software External links http www.nominum.com Nominum website http www.nominum.com products vantio base server.php Vantio Base Server site network software stub Category DNS software ... more details
of Domain Name System DNS name server software . Servers compared Each of these DNS servers is an independent implementation of the DNS protocols, capable of resolving DNS names for other computers, publishing the DNS names of computers, or both. Excluded from consideration are single feature DNS tools such as proxies, filters, and firewalls and redistributions of servers listed here many products repackage BIND, for instance, with proprietary user interfaces . DNS servers are grouped ... server authoritative name server s publish DNS mappings for domains under their authoritative control ... to address queries, or for other DNS information, for www.example.int . These servers are listed ... via a DNS mechanism, or by other data store synchronization mechanisms. Recursive Servers Domain Name System Caching and time to live recursive servers sometimes called DNS caches , caching only name servers provide DNS name resolution for applications, by relaying the requests of the client application ... provider to locate sites such as www.google.com . BIND BIND is the de facto standard DNS server Citation ... deployed DNS server Citation needed date April 2011 . Historically, BIND underwent three major revisions ... set. It is not included in this comparison at this time. Microsoft DNS Microsoft DNS is the DNS ... is a lightweight, easy to configure, DNS forwarder and local resolver and Dynamic Host Configuration ... Djbdns is a collection of DNS applications, including tinydns , which was the second most popular free software DNS server in 2004. ref cite web last Moore first Don year 2004 url http mydns.bboy.net. survey title DNS server survey accessdate 2005 01 06 ref It was designed by Daniel J. Bernstein , author ... url http linuxmafia.com faq Network Other dns servers.html djbdns title Detailed overview of DNS server software by Rick Moen accessdate 2009 07 13 ref Simple DNS Plus Simple DNS Plus is a commercial DNS server product that runs under Microsoft Windows with an emphasis on a simple to use GUI . NSD ... more details
Infobox Software name Simple DNS Plus screenshot Image Simple dns plus v5 screen shot.png 225 px developer http www.jhsoft.com JH Software latest release version 5.2 latest release date 23 April 2009 operating system Microsoft Windows language English status Active genre Domain Name System DNS server license proprietary website http www.simpledns.com www.simpledns.com Overview Simple DNS Plus is a Domain name system DNS Server computing server software product that runs on x86 and x86 64 x64 editions ... switch between these modes. You can create DNS records or entire zone file s from other applications or web sites and prompt Simple DNS Plus to dynamically load and use this through command line ... Object Model COM programming Application programming interface API . Simple DNS Plus is based ... Windows service Reverse DNS zone zone wizard Wildcard DNS record Wildcard records Standard DNS zone ... DNS zone transfer zone transfers Support for A6, DNAME records Version 3.50 October 3rd 2003 ... Domain specific forwarding Stealth DNS Version 4.00 April 10th 2005 Automatic Sender Policy Framework ... DNS zone Zone groups Version 5.0 January 17th 2008 Version 5.0 was re written for the .NET Framework ... Plug in system Quick DNS zone Zone Templates Support for RFC 2671, RFC 3597, RFC 4408 Version 5.1 July 8th 2008 Suspending DNS zone zones Remote logging to syslog server Response Filtering to prevent DNS rebinding attacks Support for RFC 3164, RFC 5452 Version 5.2 April 23rd 2009 Windows 7 Windows ... Delegations wizard Windows Performance Counters DNS request rules for plug ins RFC 3225, RFC 4033, RFC 4034, RFC 4035, RFC 4635, RFC 4641, RFC 4701, RFC 5155 See also Comparison of DNS server software External links http www.simpledns.com Simple DNS Plus http mydns.bboy.net survey Don Moore s May 2004 DNS Internet survey http www.dns.net dnsrd servers windows.html Andr s Salamon s DNS Resources Directory Category DNS software ... more details
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