For the scientific journal of this title Cytogenetics and Genome Research Image Bcrablmet.jpg right thumb A metaphase cell positive for the BCR ABL rearrangement using FISH Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics ..., as well as molecular cytogenetics such as fluorescent in situ hybridization FISH and comparative ... A. 1956. The chromosome number of man. Hereditas 42 , 1 6. ref ref Hsu T.C. Human and mammalian cytogenetics ... Trait biological trait s gene s . McClintock continued her career in cytogenetics studying the mechanics ... syndrome , cytogenetics revealed the nature of the chromosomal defect a simple trisomy. Abnormalities ... translocation of chromosomes 9 and 22. Identification of the Philadelphia chromosome by cytogenetics ... fields to quickly move cytogenetics into the clinical lab where karyotyping allowed scientists ... for higher resolution banding. Beginnings of molecular cytogenetics In the 1980s, advances were made in molecular cytogenetics . While radioisotope labeled probes had been hybridized with DNA since 1969 ... are used in cytogenetics laboratories. Quinacrine banding Q banding was the first staining ... by a clinical laboratory specialist in cytogenetics CLSp CG . Generally 20 cells are analyzed which ... microscopy by a clinical laboratory specialist in cytogenetics. For oncology generally a large number .... Future of cytogenetics Advances now focus on molecular cytogenetics including automated systems ... arrays. See also Karyotype Molecular cytogenetics Virtual Karyotype References reflist External links http www.karyotyper.com Cytogenetic Directory http www.kumc.edu gec prof cytogene.html Cytogenetics Resources http homepage.mac.com wildlifeweb cyto human Human Cytogenetics Chromosomes and Karyotypes ... Gladwin Medical Blog http www.piribo.com publications technology cytogenetics market report.html Cytogenetics Technologies,markets and companies Category Genetics Category Cytogenetics ... simple Cytogenetics sk Cytogenetika sr th ur ... more details
Molecular cytogenetics involves the combination of molecular biology and cytogenetics . In general this involves the use of a series of techniques referred to as fluorescence in situ hybridization , or FISH, in which DNA probes are labeled with different colored fluorescent tags to visualize one or more specific regions of the genome. FISH can either be performed as a direct approach to metaphase chromosomes or interphase nuclei. Alternatively, an indirect approach can be taken in which the entire genome can be assessed for copy number changes using virtual karyotyping. Virtual Karyotype Virtual karyotypes are generated from arrays made of thousands to millions of probes, and computational tools are used to recreate the genome in silico . External links http www.kumc.edu gec prof cytogene.html Cytogenetics Resources http homepage.mac.com wildlifeweb cyto human Human Cytogenetics Chromosomes and Karyotypes http www.agt info.org Association for Genetic Technologists http cytogenetics.org.uk Association of Clinical Cytogeneticists http www.piribo.com publications technology cytogenetics market report.html Cytogenetics Technologies,markets and companies Category Genetics molecular cell biology stub ur ... more details
Infobox journal title Cytogenetic and Genome Research cover editor M. Schmid discipline Cytogenetics , cell biology , genetics , genomics abbreviation Cytogenet. Genome Res. formernames Cytogenetics, Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics publisher Karger Publishers country frequency 16 year history 1962 present openaccess license impact 1.729 impact year 2009 website http content.karger.com ProdukteDB produkte.asp?Aktion JournalHome&ProduktNr 224037 link1 http content.karger.com ProdukteDB produkte.asp?Aktion BackIssuesJG&ProduktNr 224037 link1 name Online archive link2 link2 name JSTOR OCLC 1787030 LCCN 2002260266 CODEN CGRYAJ ISSN 1424 8581 eISSN 1424 859X Cytogenetic and Genome Research is the name of a Peer review peer reviewed scientific journal that was established in 1962. It was published previously under the names Cytogenetics 1962 1972 and Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics 1973 2001 . Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in Current Contents , PubMed MEDLINE , and EMBASE EMBASE Excerpta Medica . According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 2009 impact factor of 1.729. ref name WoS cite web url http isiwebofknowledge.com title Web of Science year 2011 accessdate 2011 05 24 ref References Reflist External links Official 1 http content.karger.com ProdukteDB produkte.asp?Aktion JournalHome&ProduktNr 224037 DEFAULTSORT Cytogenetic And Genome Research Category Molecular and cellular biology journals Category Genetics journals Category Publications established in 1962 Category Karger academic journals ... more details
The Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology is a collection of resources on gene s, Chromosome abnormality chromosomes anomalies , leukemia s, solid tumour s, and cancer prone diseases. The project is accessible through Internet and is made of encyclopedic style files, as well as traditional overviews, links towards websites and databases devoted to cancer and or genetics, case reports in haematology . It also encompasses teaching items in various languages. ref cite journal pmc 29834 ref The Atlas is part of the genome project and participates in research on cancer epidemiology . It is written and used by practicians, researchers and teachers in genetics, haematology and pathology. The Atlas is also used by students and the general public. ref http www.pedsoncologyeducation.com GeneralBrainTumorHereditary.asp ref The Atlas is financially supported by many organizations, including the Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer , the National Cancer Institute , the European Regional Development Fund or the Ministry of Research and Ministry of National Education in France. References reflist Other articles HONcode Sources Cath Brooksbank. Nature Reviews Cancer 1, 179 2001 doi 10.1038 35106056 http www.nature.com nrc journal v1 n3 full nrc1201 179b.html External links http atlasgeneticsoncology.org The database atlasgeneticsoncology.org http nar.oxfordjournals.org content 29 1 303.abstract http nar.oxfordjournals.org content 29 1 303.abstract http www.medmatrix.org SPages Oncology.asp On MedMatrix Category Genetics journals fr Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology ... more details
Trisomic rescue also known as trisomy rescue or trisomy zygote rescue a genetic phenomenon in which a fertilized ovum containing three copies of a chromosome loses one of these chromosomes to form a normal, diploid chromosome complement. If both of the retained chromosomes came from the same parent, then uniparental disomy results. References http ghr.nlm.nih.gov ghr glossary trisomyrescue Biology stub Category Cytogenetics ko ... more details
Central Cotton Research Institute , established in 1976 in Multan , Pakistan , is one of the research institutes of Pakistan . The institute has many divisions dedicated to different aspects of cotton research including Agronomy , plant breeding Breeding and Genetics , Cytogenetics , Physiology , Fiber Technology, Statistics and Agricultural Engineering . coord 30 08 45 N 71 26 12 E display title Category Research institutes in Pakistan Category Agricultural research institutes Pakistan stub ... more details
Marcus Morton Rhoades July 24, 1903 in Graham, Missouri December 30, 1991 was an United States American cytogenetics cytogeneticist . His research on maize led to important discoveries for basic genetics and the applied science of plant breeding .He was one of the first cytogenecists to document the pre meiotic pairing of homologous chromosomes in maize, otherwise referred as somatic pairing Singh, 2003 . References Carlson, W.R. and Birchler, J.A. http stills.nap.edu html biomems mrhoades.html Marcus Morton Rhoades, Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences Singh, R.J. 2003. Plant cytogenetics. CRC Press, USA Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Rhoades, Marcus Morton ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH July 24, 1903 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH December 30, 1991 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Rhoades, Marcus Morton Category 1903 births Rhoades, Marcus Morton Category 1991 deaths Rhoades, Marcus Morton Category American geneticists Rhoades, Marcus Morton geneticist stub US biologist stub ru , ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 A clastogen is a material that can cause breaks in chromosome s, leading to sections of the chromosome being deleted, added, or rearranged. This is a form of mutagenesis , and can lead to carcinogenesis , as cells that are not killed by the clastogenic effect may become cancerous. Known clastogens include acridine yellow , benzene , ethylene oxide , arsenic , phosphine and mimosine . Exposure to clastogens increases frequency of abnormal germ cells in paternal males, contributing to developmental effects in the fetus upon fertilization. See also Clastogenic Category Cytogenetics Biochem stub fr Clastog ne it Clastogeno ... more details
The following table summarizes symbols and abbreviations used in cytogenetics ref http www.slh.wisc.edu cytogenetics abnormalities nomenclature.dot ref class wikitable Symbol Description , Separates modal number total number of chromosomes , sex chromosomes, and chromosome abnormalities Loss of a chromosome Grouping for breakpoints and structurally altered chromosomes Gain of a chromosome Separates rearranged chromosomes and breakpoints involving more than one chromosome Separates cell lines or clones Separates recipient and donor cell lines in bone marrow transplants del Deletion der Derivative chromosome dic Dicentric chromosome dn de novo not inherited chromosomal abnormality dup Gene duplication Duplication of a portion of a chromosome fra Fragile site usually used with Fragile X syndrome h Heterochromatin Heterochromatic region of chromosome i Isochromosome ins Insertion genetics Insertion inv Chromosomal inversion Inversion .ish Precedes karyotype results from Fluorescent in situ hybridization FISH analysis mar Marker chromosome mat Maternally derived chromosome rearrangement p Short arm of a chromosome pat Paternally derived chromosome rearrangement psu dic pseudo dicentric only one centromere in a Dicentric chromosome is active q Long arm of a chromosome r Ring chromosome t Chromosomal translocation Translocation ter Terminal end of arm e.g. 2qter refers to the end of the long arm of chromosome 2 tri Trisomy trp Triplication of a portion of a chromosome See also Chromosome abnormalities Reference Reflist Category Cytogenetics genetics stub ... more details
Use dmy dates date September 2011 Use Australian English date September 2011 Infobox scientist name MJD White image birth date Birth date 1910 08 20 df y birth place London , United Kingdom death date Death date 1983 12 16 df y death place citizenship nationality fields Cytogenetics , Evolutionary biology workplaces University College London , University of Melbourne alma mater University of London doctoral advisor academic advisors doctoral students notable students known for important contributions to cytogenetics and evolutionary biology influences influenced awards Michael James Denham White Fellow of the Royal Society FRS ref name frs cite doi 10.1098 rsbm.1994.0047 ref London, 20 August 1910 &ndash Canberra , 16 December 1983 ref Biographical data http www.austehc.unimelb.edu.au guides whit WHP0001.htm ref was a zoologist and cytologist . White was educated at University College London from 1927. He later held the posts of Reader in Zoology at UCL, Professor of Zoology at the University of Texas , Professor of Zoology 1958 1964 and Professor of Genetics 1964 1975 at the University of Melbourne , Australia. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1961 ref name frs , and won the Linnaean Medal of the Linnaean Society of London in 1983. White made important contributions to the development of Cell biology cytology and cytogenetics . His work was influential in the study of speciation in biology. Books Cite book publisher Methuen, London. last White first M.J.D. title The chromosomes date 1937 6th ed 1973 Cite book publisher Cambridge University Press last White first M.J.D. title Animal cytology and evolution date 1945 4th ed 1973 Cite book publisher Freeman last White first M.J.D. title Modes of speciation date 1978 White M.J.D. and Webb G.C. Blattodea, Mantodea, Isoptera, Grylloblattodea, Phasmatodea, Dermaptera, and Embioptera . Borntraeger. ISBN 3443260055 3 443 26005 5 White M.J.D. ed . Genetic mechanisms of speciation in insects . Symposia at the XI ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Dicentric chromosome is an aberrant chromosome having two centromere s. Dicentric chromosomes form when two chromosome segments from different chromosomes or from the two chromatids of a single one , each with a centromere, fuse end to end, with loss of their acentric fragments. Dicentrics, despite their two centromeres, may be mitotically stable if one of the two centromeres is inactivated, or if the two centromeres always coordinate their movement to one or the other pole during anaphase. Such chromosomes are formally called pseudodicentric. The most common pseudodicentrics involve the sex chromosomes or the acrocentric chromosomes Robertsonian translocation . Evaluation of centromere function by Fluorescent in situ hybridization FISH combined with immunofluorescence analysis of centromere and kinetochore proteins is a specialized procedure in some clinical cytogenetics laboratories. DEFAULTSORT Dicentric Chromosome Category Chromosomes Genetics stub ... more details
Multiple issues orphan November 2008 context October 2009 unreferenced December 2008 Cinpathogen is a major partner in the Fudan Cinpathogen Center for Clinical and Molecular Research in the Institute of Health science Biomedical Sciences at Fudan University . Cinpathogen brings together clinical operations, and modern diagnostic laboratories to support diagnosis and conduct protocol driven research on the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of disease in China. Cinpathogen also provides standardized sample collection and biopsy procedures as well as protocol driven diagnostic paradigms for patients with hematopoietc and lymphoid diseases from hospitals all over Shanghai. By integrating advanced techniques in histopathology, immunochemistry , flow cytometry , cytogenetics , analytical chemistry and molecular biology , Cinpathogen has standardized diagnoses of hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms according to the World Health Organization WHO Classification 2001 and identified specific patterns and characteristics of these diseases in China. Category Companies of the People s Republic of China ... more details
Multiple issues notability June 2008 context October 2009 In biochemistry and molecular biology , the saline sodium citrate SSC buffer is used as a hybridization buffer chemistry buffer , to control stringency for washing steps in protocols for Southern blotting , in situ hybridization , DNA Microarray or Northern blotting . 20X SSC may be used to prevent drying of agarose gel s during a vacuum transfer. A 20X stock solution consists of 3 molar concentration M sodium chloride and 300 milli m M trisodium citrate adjusted to pH 7.0 with hydrochloric acid HCl . See also Southern Blot Northern Blot DNA Microarray DNA Fingerprinting References http www.cellgro.com shop files documents 46 020.pdf Material safety data sheet for 20x SSC buffer, Mediatech, Inc. http www.le.ac.uk bl phh4 probuffer.htm Molecular Cytogenetics and biology Buffers, University of Leicester DEFAULTSORT Ssc Buffer Category Buffers biochem stub ... more details
Refimprove date August 2006 Context date October 2009 File NHGRI human male karyotype.png thumbnail 250px G banding Karyogram of human male using Giemsa staining. G banding is a technique used in cytogenetics to produce a visible karyotype by staining condensed chromosome s.It is useful for identifying various genetic diseases through the photographic representation of the entire chromosome complement. ref name Speicher Speicher, Michael R. and Nigel P. Carter. The New Cytogenetics Blurring the Boundaries with Molecular Biology. Nature Reviews Genetics, Vol 6. Oct 2005. ref The metaphase chromosomes are treated with trypsin to partially digest the chromosome and Staining biology stained with Giemsa . Dark bands that take up the stain are strongly A,T rich gene poor . The reverse of G bands is obtained in R banding. Banding can be used to identify chromosomal abnormalities, such as Chromosomal translocation translocation s, because there is a unique pattern of light and dark bands for each chromosome. ref name Speicher It is difficult to identify and group chromosomes based on simple staining because the uniform color of the structures makes it difficult to differentiate between the different chromosomes. Therefore, techniques like G banding were developed that made bands appear on the chromosomes. These bands were the same in appearance on the homologous chromosomes, thus, identification became easier and more accurate. The acid saline giemsa protocol reveals G bands. See also Giemsa Karyotype References references Category Staining Category Chromosomes genetics stub zh G ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox scientist name Denise Sheer image image size caption birth date birth place Johannesburg , South Africa death date death place residence London , United Kingdom citizenship nationality ethnicity field Human Genetics work institution Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London, Queen Mary s School of Medicine and Dentistry alma mater University of Oxford doctoral advisor doctoral students known for Cancer Genetics, Genome Biology author abbreviation bot author abbreviation zoo prizes religion footnotes Denise Sheer was appointed Professor of Human Genetics at The Institute of Cell and Molecular Science at Queen Mary, University of London in November 2006. After completing a B.Sc Hons degree at the University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg in 1973, she ran the Diagnostic Cytogenetics laboratory at the South African Institute of Medical Research for two years. She then moved to the University of Oxford , where she was awarded a D.Phil in 1980. From 1983 2006 she was Head of The Human Cytogenetics Laboratory at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund, now the Cancer Research UK London Research Institute. References http www.icms.qmul.ac.uk Profiles Neuroscience Sheer 20Denise.htm http science.cancerresearchuk.org research loc london queen marys ms asheerd Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Sheer, Denise ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH Johannesburg , South Africa DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Sheer, Denise Category Year of birth missing living people Category Living people Category Alumni of the University of Oxford Category Academics of Queen Mary, University of London Category South African geneticists SouthAfrica scientist stub geneticist stub ... more details
about analysis of the linkage of trait biology traits due to the spatial arrangement of genes on the chromosome , an analysis which dates back to classical genetics Genetic linkage analysis of codons as defined through research on nucleic acids , which is often classed with reverse genetics Genetic code analysis of maternal inheritance related to mitochondrial DNA Mitochondrial DNA Mitochondrial inheritance medical, genealogy genealogical , legal and security applications of genetic research that are mainly directed at humans Genetic testing Genetic analysis can be used generally to describe methods both used in and resulting from the sciences of genetics and molecular biology , or to applied research applications resulting from this research. Genetic analysis may be done to identify genetic inherited disorders and also to make a differential diagnosis in certain somatic diseases such as cancer . Genetic analyses of cancer include detection of mutation s, fusion gene s, and DNA copy number changes. Genetic analyses include molecular technologies such as PCR , RT PCR , DNA sequencing , and DNA microarrays , and cytogenetics cytogenetic methods such as karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridisation . Please note This field is fast changing, definitions are in flux, there is historical and contemporary overlap of the following categories, and phrases like the results of genetic analysis can indicate any or all of the following, depending on the facts of the matter being described. br Category Genetics genetics stub ... more details
The Orthopterists Society formerly the Pan American Acridological Society is an international scientific organization devoted to facilitating communication and research among persons interested in Orthoptera and related organisms. The Orthoptera include grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, katydids and other insects. The Society currently has 330 members from 43 countries on six continents. The journal publishes papers on all aspects of the biology of these insects from ecology and taxonomy to physiology , endocrinology , cytogenetics , and control measures. The Society publishes the refereed biannual Journal of Orthoptera Research . The Society was founded in 1976 by some 35 orthopterists who met at San Mart n de los Andes , Argentina . Its Constitution and Bylaws were adopted in 1977, and it was accorded tax exempt status by the United States government in 1978. The meetings held since San Mart n have been at Bozeman USA , Maracay , Venezuela , Saskatoon Canada , Valsa n Spain , Hilo USA , Cairns, Queensland Cairns Australia , Montpellier France , and Canmore, Alberta Canmore Canada . Graduate students and young researchers can apply for the Orthopterists Society Research Fund. External links http www.orthoptera.org The Orthopterists Society http 140.247.119.225 OrthSoc JOR.html Journal of Orthoptera Research http 140.247.119.145 OrthSoc research fund.htm Orthopterists Society Research Fund Category Entomological organisations sci org stub ... more details
orphan date January 2010 Anaphase lag describes a delayed movement during anaphase , where one homologous chromosome in meiosis or one chromatid in mitosis fails to connect to the spindle apparatus, or is tardily drawn to its pole and fails to be included in the reforming nucleus. Instead, the chromosome forms a micronucleus in the cytoplasm and is lost from the cell ref Gardner and Sutherland. Chromosome Abnormalities and Genetic Counseling 3rd Ed. NY Oxford Press, 2004, pg. 34 ref . The lagging chromosome is not incorporated into the nucleus of one of the daughter cells, resulting in one normal daughter cell and one with monosomy ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fcgi?rid hmg.section.196 ref . Anaphase lag is one cause of aneuploidy . Anaphase lag can also cause a rescue of the daughter cell if the cell was originally trisomy ref Gardner and Sutherland. Chromosome Abnormalities and Genetic Counseling 3rd Ed. NY Oxford Press, 2004, pg. 34 ref . References Reflist added above categories infobox footers by script assisted edit DEFAULTSORT Anaphase Lag Category Mitosis Category Cytogenetics Category Chromosomal abnormalities biology stub ... more details
The MRN complex is heterotrimeric protein complex consisting of MRE11A Mre11 , Rad50 and Nbs1 . It is involved in DNA repair in mammals. Nbs1 is referred to as Nibrin . ref cite web url http atlasgeneticsoncology.org Genes NBS1ID160.html title Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology NBS1 accessdate 2008 02 12 ref This complex recognizes DNA damage and rapidly relocates to DSB sites and forms nuclear foci. Its activity includes end processing of both physiological and mutagenic DNA double strand breaks DSBs . ref name eMed cite web url http www.emedicine.com DERM topic725.htm title eMedicine Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome accessdate 2008 02 12 ref . It appears that as part of its end processing of DSBs, short single strand oligonucleotides are produced, which induce activation of Ataxia telangiectasia mutated Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated ATM , ref cite journal title Mre11 Rad50 Nbs1 dependent processing of DNA breaks generates oligonucleotides that stimulate ATM activity journal The EMBO Journal authors Jazayeri A, Balestrini A, Garner E, Haber JE, Costanzo V volume 27 issue 14 pages 1953 1962 year 2008 PMID 18596698 doi 10.1038 emboj.2008.128 url http www.nature.com emboj journal v27 n14 pdf emboj2008128a.pdf ref ultimately leading to activation of the DNA damage checkpoint. References reflist protein stub Category Protein complexes ... more details
other uses Tetrasomy disambiguation Infobox Disease Name Tetrasomy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 Q 97 q 97 ICD10 Q 98 q 98 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D000782 A tetrasomy is a form of aneuploidy with the presence of four copies, instead of the normal two, of a particular chromosome . Causes Full Full tetrasomy of an individual occurs due to non disjunction when the cell division cells are dividing meiosis I or II to form egg and sperm cells gametogenesis . This can result in extra chromosome s in a sperm or egg cell. After fertilization, the resulting fetus has 48 chromosomes instead of the typical 46. Autosomal tetrasomies Cat eye syndrome where tetrasomy of chromosome 22 is present Pallister Killian syndrome tetrasomy 12p Tetrasomy 9p Tetrasomy 18p Sex chromosome tetrasomies 48, XXXX 48, XXXX syndrome XXYY syndrome 48, XXYY syndrome Klinefelter s syndrome , where XXXY tetrasomy is present Chromosomal abnormalities Category Cytogenetics Category Chromosomal abnormalities de Tetrasomie sv Tetrasomi ... more details
Taxobox name Zagros Mountains Mouse like Hamster status LR lc status system IUCN2.3 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia superfamilia Muroidea familia Calomyscidae genus Calomyscus species C. bailwardi binomial Calomyscus bailwardi binomial authority Oldfield Thomas Thomas , 1905 The Zagros Mountains Mouse like Hamster Calomyscus bailwardi is a relatively little known rodent which was the first species of mouse like hamster to be described. The species is distributed throughout much of southern Iran , particularly in the Zagros mountains. It is also known as the Iranian Mouse like Hamster , though there are several species of mouse like hamster found in different parts of Iran. This is the largest species of mouse like hamster. They are dark grey on top and white underneath. They are found in habitat ranging from barren rocky hillsides to wetter regions. They are known to feed on herbs and grass seed. Graphodatsky et al. 2000 recovered three distinct karyotype s from different regions throughout the range of C. bailwardi 2n 37, FNa 44 2n 52, FNa 56 2n 50, FNa 50 . This may suggest that further taxonomic revision is required. Vorontsov et al. 1979 emphasized how little is known about the species and that the current definition is based largely on distribution. Many sources still refer to all members of Calomyscus as part of the species Calomyscus bailwardi . References IUCN2006 assessors Baillie year 1996 id 3618 title Calomyscus bailwardi downloaded 10 May 2006 Graphodotsky, A. S., et al. 2000. Comparative cytogenetics of hamsters of the genus Calomyscus. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics, 88 296 304. Lay, D. M. 1967. A study of the mammals of Iran resulting from the Street Expedition of 1962 1963. Fieldiana Zoology, 54 1 282. Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894 1531 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltim ... more details
Mechanism of Rearrangement , Molecular Cytogenetics 2008, 1 16 ref . See also Chromosome abnormalities ... Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology , explains HOW the ring ... more details
November 5, 1997. Last accessed July 14, 2007. ref Use of mitotic inhibitors in cytogenetics main CytogeneticsCytogenetics , the study of chromosome chromosomal material by analysis of G Banded ... Cytogenetics Chemotherapeutic agents Antigout preparations DEFAULTSORT Mitotic Inhibitor Category ... more details
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