Cyberstalking and cyberbullying are a relatively new phenomenon, but that does not mean that crimes may be committed through the network are not punishable under legislation drafted for that purpose. By country Cleanup section date January 2011 United States State level Some U.S. states have begun to address the problem of cyberbullying California s first law against cyberbullying in the U.S. was in 1999 in California. Florida In Florida, through HB 479 in 2003, banned the cyberbullying. This law came into force in October 2003. ref cite web url http www.fdle.state.fl.us Fc3 cyberstalking.html title Florida Statute 784.048 publisher Florida Computer Crime Center ref Texas enacted the Stalking by Electronic Communications Act in 2001. Missouri revised its statutes on harassment to include harassment and stalking through electronic and telephonic communications and cyber bullying after Megan Meier suicide controversy the suicide of Megan Meier in 2006 ref http www.ibls.com internet law news portal view.aspx?id 2095&s latestnews Missouri Gov. Blunt Signs Bill Outlawing Cyberbullying ref . At the federal level Cyberbullying has recently been tried in U.S. federal law. For example, the Act Violence Against Women Act, passed in 2000 included cyberbullying in a part of interstate status on harassment. But still, there is a gap in federal legislation to specifically address cyberstalking, leaving in the hands of U.S. States against cyber law. ref name cyber 1 http www.ncvc.org ncvc main.aspx?dbName DocumentViewer&DocumentID 32458 The nAtional Center for Victims of Cryme, Cyberstalking ref The current federal law that refers to cyberbullying in the United States is the 47 USC sec. 223. ref cite web url http www.cybertelecom.org cda 47usc223.htm title Cybertelecom 47 USC 233 publisher ... or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. References Reflist 2 See also Cyberstalking Cyberbullying ... CyberstalkingLaws tabid 13495 Default.aspx State Cyberstalking, Cyberharassment and Cyberbullying ... more details
Albert Benschop is a sociologist with the University of Amsterdam s faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences. He is the chief editor of the university s SocioSite project. ref http www.sociosite.net Homepage of the SocioSite Project ref Publication list extract http www.sociosite.org jihad nl en.php Chronicle of a Political Murder Foretold , Jihad in the Netherlands, 2005 http www.sociosite.org p2p en.php The future of the semantic web , Making content understandable for computers, 2004 http www.sociosite.org cyberstalking en.php CyberStalking , Menaced on the internet, 2003 http www.sociosite.org flashmob.php Flash Mob , Happening for Internetters, 2003 http www.sociosite.org regulation porno.php Regulation of CyberPorno , Moral and technological filters, social control and criminal prosecution, 2003 http www.sociosite.org pornography child.php Child Pornography in Cyberspace , Traces of Crimes, 2003 http www.sociosite.org open source.php Death in Cyberspace , changing rituals concerning dying, death, and funerals, 2003 http www.sociosite.net lezingen skywriting.html Sociology of Skywriting , The Internet as a medium and object of sociological research, xx http www.sociosite.org education.php Learning at Distance , Building Blocks of a Web Sociology, 1997 1998 http www.sociosite.org history.php Web History , Building blocks of a historical sociology of the internet, 1997 Notes references External links http www.sociosite.net publicaties.php Dr. Benschop s publication list DEFAULTSORT Benschop, Albert Category Dutch sociologists Category Year of birth missing living people Category Living people Netherlands academic bio stub sociologist stub ... more details
The Alia2 Foundation is a Spanish non profit making entity with the mission to attack the grooming Child grooming before the increasing network of paedophilia in Internet. ref cite news title Una fundaci n espa ola crear herramientas inform ticas para combatir la pornograf a infantil url http www.elpais.com articulo tecnologia fundacion espanola creara herramientas informaticas combatir pornografia infantil elpeputec 20091125elpeputec 1 Tes work El Pa s date 25 November 2009 accessdate 22 October 2010 ref ref cite news title Un estudio revel que M xico ocupa el primer lugar en pornograf a infantil url http noticias.univision.com mexico noticias article 2009 11 25 un estudio revelo que mexico work Univision date 25 November 2009 accessdate 22 October 2010 ref Foundation Alia2 works together with entities public and deprived to discover telematic crimes and to educate and to inform parents and children, for a use responsible for the new technologies. ref http ciberalia2.org wiki index.php?title P C3 A1gina Principal Ciberalia2 ref See also Cyberstalking Cyberbullying paedophilia Child grooming References reflist External links http www.alia2.org Oficial web page Fundaci n Alia2 Copyedit date October 2010 Use dmy dates date October 2010 Category Foundation Category Non governmental organizations Category Cybercrime ... more details
Federal Bureau of Investigation subname Law Enforcement Bulletin The FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin is published monthly by the FBI Law Enforcement Communication Unit ref name lecu cite web url http www.fbi.gov hq td academy lecu lecu.htm title Law Enforcement Communication Unit publisher Federal Bureau of Investigation ref , with articles of interest to state and local law enforcement personnel. First published in 1932 as Fugitives Wanted by Police , ref name history newdeal cite web url http www.fbi.gov libref historic history newdeal.htm title History of the FBI, The New Deal 1933 Late 1930 s publisher Federal Bureau of Investigation ref the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin covers topics including law enforcement technology and issues, such as crime mapping and use of force , as well as recent criminal justice research, and VICAP alerts, on wanted suspects and key cases. It was distributed to Federal depository library depository libraries which selected to receive it through v. 70 3 March 2001 , at which United States Government Printing Office GPO determined the online version provided a suitable alternative to hardcopy distribution. See also Cyberstalking References Reflist External links http www.fbi.gov publications leb leb.htm FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin page on FBI website DEFAULTSORT Fbi Law Enforcement Bulletin FBI US gov stub crime stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The following is a list of criminology topics covered by the Crime Classification Manual . NOTOC CompactTOC A Antisocial personality disorder Arson Assassination B Bedwetting Behavioral Analysis Unit Behavioral Science Unit Biological agent Burglary C Child Abduction Serial Murder Investigative Resources Center Child murder Child pornography Child sexual abuse Computer crime Conduct disorder Confession legal Contract killing Crime Classification Manual Crime Classification Manual Second Edition Crime analysis Criminologist Cruelty to animals Cybercrime Cyberstalking D Date rape Delusional disorder Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Disorganized offender John E. Douglas E Erotomania Execution style murder Exhibitionism Explosive material F FBI Academy FBI method of profiling Felony murder Filicide Fire investigation Forensic pathology Forensic photography Forensic psychiatry Forensic psychology H Homicide I Impulse control disorder Incest Infanticide Insanity Interrogation Investigative psychology K Kidnapping L Lust murder M MacDonald triad Mass murder Matricide Miscarriage of justice Modus operandi Murder Murder suicide N National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime O Offender profiling P Paraphilia Patricide Position of trust Proxy murder Psychopathy Psychosis Pyromania R Rape Reckless burning Ritual murder Robert Ressler S Search warrant Serial killer Sexual abuse Sexual assault Spousal rape Spree killer Stalking Suicide Suicide attack T Terrorism Thrill killing Torture murder Types of rape U Unsub V Vandalism Voyeurism Category Criminology Category Society related lists Criminology topics covered by the Crime Classification Manual Category Indexes of articles Criminology topics covered by the Crime Classification Manual ... more details
Camgirl or Cam girl or Online chat chat Model person model is an Internet term for women who are featured on webcam s. A portmanteau of camera and girl , the word is used for women who operate their own webcams, such as JenniCam Jennifer Ringley ref Wall, p.105 ref and Ana Voog . The term is also used to describe women or girls who broadcast themselves via webcam without receiving any financial gain. ref name bocij230 Bocij, p.230 ref One of the original and most popular Adult videochat cam girl sites was Jennifer Ringley JenniCam.com . ref Wall, p.171 ref The corresponding masculine term is camboy . ref name bocij230 Some camgirls often called camwhore s offer nude photographs or videos of themselves in exchange for gifts or money. ref name onethreethree Bocij, pp.131 133 ref They may also earn money by advertising pornographic websites or earn commission by convincing customers to join adult Paysite paysites . ref name onethreethree Commissions earned by camgirls vary widely by paysite, but are typically in the form of a flat fee, otherwise known as a bounty , or based on a percentage of gross sales for every customer who signs up to a site. ref name onethreethree Notes Reflist References cite book title Cyberstalking harassment in the Internet age and how to protect your family publisher Greenwood Publishing Group author Bocij, Paul year 2004 url http books.google.co.uk books?id q8NZLBE0sm0C isbn 0275981185 pages cite book title Camgirls celebrity & community in the age of social networks volume 4 series Digital formations first Theresa M. last Senft publisher Peter Lang year 2008 isbn 0820456942 url http books.google.co.uk books?id u9w XY gU2gC cite book title Cybercrime the transformation of crime in the information age publisher Polity author Wall, David year 2007 url http books.google.co.uk books?id 12A2LwzSX38C isbn 0745627358 pages Category Erotica and pornography websites Category Sexuality and computers Category Electronic commerce internet stub fr Camgir ... more details
Electronic harassment is a term referring to the use of electronic devices to harass , torture , and or physically harm a person, not to be confused with cyberstalking . Laws against electronic harassment Michigan Public act 257 of 2003 makes it a felony for a person to manufacture, deliver, possess, transport, place, use, or release a harmful electronic or electromagnetic device for an unlawful purpose also made into a felony is the act of causing an individual to falsely believe that the individual has been exposed to a... harmful electronic or electromagnetic device. ref http www.legislature.mi.gov documents 2003 2004 publicact htm 2003 PA 0257.htm ref Maine Public law 264, H.P. 868 L.D. 1271 criminalizes the knowing, intentional, and or reckless use of an electronic weapon on another person, defining an electronic weapon as a portable device or weapon emitting an electrical current, impulse, beam, or wave with disabling effects on a human being. ref http www.mainelegislature.org legis bills bills 122nd chapters PUBLIC264 1.asp ref Massachusetts Chapter 170 of the Acts of 2004 This Law was put in as an Emergency Law, Chapter 170 of the Acts of 2004, Section 140 of the General Laws, Section 131J. Section 131J. No person shall possess a portable device or weapon from which an electrical current, impulse, wave or beam may be directed, which current, impulse, wave or beam is designed to incapacitate temporarily, injure or kill, except ... Whoever violates this section shall be punished by a fine of not less than 500 nor more than 1,000 or by imprisonment in the house of correction for not less than 6 months nor more than 2 1 2 years, or by both such fine and imprisonment. ref http www.malegislature.gov Laws SessionLaws Acts 2004 Chapter170 ref See also columns list 2 Directed energy weapon Electromagnetic shielding Electroshock weapon Microwave auditory effect Non lethal weapon References references Category Abuse Category Aggression Category Crimes Category Sociolog ... more details
Merge to Cyber bullying date April 2009 Globalize USA date December 2010 Harassment by computer is a crime in several U.S. states see computer crime . It is distinct from stalking in that stalking typically requires two or more contacts, whereas harassment by computer may be a single incident. It is also different from regular harassment , because the offense typically encompasses a range of crimes that would not be considered harassment if conducted in person. Connecticut was the first state to pass a statute making it a criminal offense to harass someone by computer. Michigan , Arizona , and Virginia have also passed laws banning harassment by electronic means ref http www.nerac.com family NeracReports Cybercrimes CT.htm Dead link date November 2008 ref ref cite web url http leg1.state.va.us cgi bin legp504.exe?000 cod 18.2 152.7C1 title Section 18.2 152.7 1 work Code of Virginia publisher Legislative Information System of Virginia date accessdate 2008 11 27 ref Harassment by computer statutes are typically distinct from cyberbullying laws, in that the former usually relate to a person s use a computer or computer network to communicate obscene, vulgar, profane, lewd, lascivious, or indecent language, or make any suggestion or proposal of an obscene nature, or threaten any illegal or immoral act, while the latter need not involve anything of a sexual nature. External links http www.ncsl.org programs lis cip stalk99.htm State Computer Harassment or Cyberstalking Laws , National Conference of State Legislatures . http www.haltabuse.org References references Bahrampour, Tara http www.washingtonpost.com wp dyn content article 2005 05 26 AR2005052601665.html Student, 13, Charged in Washington Lee Scare , The Washington Post, May 27, 2005. http leg1.state.va.us cgi bin legp504.exe?000 cod 18.2 152.7C1 Code of Virginia, 18.2 152.7 1. Harassment by computer penalty. http leg1.state.va.us cgi bin legp504.exe?000 cod 18.2 416 Code of Virginia, 18.2 416. Punishment for using ... more details
Summary Emma Nelson Miriam McDonald is held captive by her internet stalker, Mr. Nystrom Jeff Gruich Non free media Rationale for use on Wikipedia in the article Mother and Child Reunion Degrassi The Next Generation Non free use rationale Description Emma Nelson Miriam McDonald is held captive in a hotel room by her Cyberstalking Internet stalker , Mr. Nystrom Jeff Gruich . The scene was praised for being super creepy ... high on tension, low on cheese , with McDonald s acting described as stellar by Canadian Online Explorer Canoe.ca s AllPop. Source This is a screenshot taken from an optical disc , television broadcast, web page, computer software or streaming media broadcast. Copyright holder Epitome Pictures Article Mother and Child Reunion Degrassi The Next Generation Portion Low resolution The image is of sufficient resolution for commentary and identification but lower resolution than the original. Copies made from it will be of inferior quality, unsuitable as artwork on pirate versions or other uses that would compete with the commercial purpose of the original work. Purpose The image is significant in illustrating the subject of the article, facilitating critical commentary as it provides an immediate relevance to the reader more capably than the textual description alone. Replaceability As a screenshot, the image is not replaceable by free content any other image of the work would also be copyrighted, and any version that is not true to the original would be inadequate for identification or critical commentary. Other information No free equivalent exists that would effectively identify the article s subject. The image does not in any way limit the ability of the copyright owners to market or sell their product. The image is only used sparingly and is rendered in low resolution to avoid piracy. The image has been published outside of Wikipedia, either as an optical disc format, media broadcast, website content or computer software. The image meets Wikipedia ... more details
Alexis Bowater born circa 1969 is a former United Kingdom British television journalist and presenter. Biography The daughter of Sir Euan, Bowater Baronets 3rd Baronet Bowater and Lady Bowater, ref name DTelg1 Alexis was born and brought up in Chagford , Devon . ref name DMail1 She graduated from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne with a Bachelor s Degree in English and Geography. She graduated from Bristol University with an MSc in International Development. Career Bowater become a reporter for the Express & Echo newspaper in Exeter . She joined Westcountry Television in 1995 as a newsroom researcher, before becoming a presenter producer for Westcountry News opt out bulletins during GMTV , alongside reporting duties. ref http web.archive.org web 20010413223041 www.westcountry.co.uk news index.html Westcountry News presenter profiles , archive.org ref Bowater later became a presenter producer for late night & weekend bulletins and a stand in anchor for the main evening programme, Westcountry Live , before becoming a full time main anchor in 2003. She has also contributed to a number of non news regional programmes for Westcountry including output for the station s Britain on the Move and People s Millions campaigns. ref http ftvdb.bfi.org.uk sift individual 1223494?view credit BFI entry ref Bowater left the station in February 2009 when ITV Westcountry merged with ITV West , signalling the end of Westcountry Live. Personal life Since leaving ITV, Bowater is now a full time mother to her two young children. ref name DTelg1 While pregnant in 2008, she was Cyberstalking cyber stalked by Alexander Reeve, 24, who sent her 26 messages in one five month period. Reeve, from Looe , Cornwall , pleaded guilty at Plymouth Crown Court to five counts of communicating false information with intent and causing fear of violence. He also admitted twice communicating false information that a bomb was in the ITV studios at Langage Science Park. ref name DTelg1 cite news url http www ... more details
Infobox actor image imagesize birthdate Birth date and age 1974 9 7 df y hhh7ufff birthplace Wiston, West Sussex , UK Noah Cornelius Marmaduke Huntley born 7 September 1974 is an English actor, known for his role as Characters of Holby City Will Curtis in Holby City . Background He was educated at Windlesham House School in Pulborough, West Sussex, at Leighton Park School in Berkshire and at Our Lady of Sion convent in Worthing. His roles include the Burning Man from Event Horizon film Event Horizon . He also had a minor role in the 2002 feature film 28 Days Later . On TV, he played Luke McAllister from 1993 to 1995 in British TV soap opera Emmerdale he also played Will Curtis in Holby City for the 2004 5 season, and Michael Dillon in Association football football drama Dream Team TV series Dream Team . While filming a fight scene with co star Luke Mably , Huntley accidentally broke his nose. Huntley was born in Wiston, West Sussex Wiston , West Sussex , the son of Karen and Graham Huntley. ref http www.filmreference.com film 96 Noah Huntley.html Noah Huntley Biography 1974 Bot generated title ref Film and television credits class wikitable sortable List of film and television credits Year Title Role class unsortable Notes 1987 Drummonds TV series Drummonds Eavis Episode Beggars Can t Be Choosers 1987 br 1990 sortname The Ruth Rendell Mysteries John Burden 15 episodes 1989 Tom s Midnight Garden James Mini series 1992 Nice Town Nigel Dobson 3 episodes 1993 br 1995 Emmerdale Luke McAllister 5 episodes 1994 Moonacre Robin TV series 1996 True Blue 1996 film True Blue Nick Bonham 1997 br 1999 Dream Team TV series Dream Team Michael Dillon 1998 Birds of a Feather Dominic Episode Can t Judge a Book 1999 sortname The Cyberstalking List of television films produced for UPN Jack TV movie 1999 Tom s Midnight Garden James 20 years TV series, 8 episodes 2001 sortname The Mists of Avalon The Mists of Avalon TV miniseries Gawain TV mini series 2001 Megiddo The Omega Code 2 Stone A ... more details
cyberstalking Internet stalking . ref name update Because we can t prosecute somebody it certainly ... and cyberstalking state laws that protects children and adults from harassment on social networking ... also Portal Missouri Cyberstalking legislation Harassment by computer Suicide of Tyler Clementi Suicide ... more details
in age groups is sometimes referred to as cyberstalking or cyberharassment when perpetrated ... week June 27, 2007 ref Legislation against cyber bullying Main Cyberstalking legislation United ... attacks or children. Cyberharassment, referred to as cyberstalking when involving adults ... that fight cyberbullying and cyberstalking. They advise victims, provide awareness campaigns ... 2 Act Against Bullying Behavioral science Bullying Online Cyber defamation law Cyberstalking Defamation ... more details
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