SignSymptom infobox Name Cyanosis Image Cyanotic neonate.jpg Caption A baby with a heart condition. Note purple nailbeds. ICD10 ICD10 R 23 0 r 20 ICD9 ICD9 782.5 Cyanosis is the appearance of a blue or purple coloration of the skin or mucous membrane s due to the tissues near the skin surface being low on oxygen. The onset of cyanosis is 2.5 g dL of hemoglobin Deoxyhemoglobin deoxyhemoglobin . ref Mini Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 7th Edition pg 56 ref The bluish color is more readily apparent ... is more difficult to detect on deeply pigmented skin. When signs of cyanosis first appear, such as on the lips ... hypoxia or severe circulatory failure has induced the cyanosis . The name cyanosis , literally means ... than others. A similar phenomena makes the Diffuse sky radiation sky appear blue . Definition Cyanosis ... concentration of deoxyhemoglobin in the blood. Differential diagnosis Cyanosis is divided in to two main types central around the core and lips and peripheral only the extremities are affected . Cyanosis ... extremities called peripheral cyanosis , or in the lip s and tongue central cyanosis . Central cyanosis Central cyanosis is often due to a circulatory or ventilatory problem that leads to poor blood ... circulation in the skin s blood vessels. Acute cyanosis can be a result of asphyxiation or choking ... altitude Hypothermia Congenital cyanosis HbM Boston arises from a mutation in the codon which results ... a permanent T state of Hb. Obstructive sleep apnea Peripheral cyanosis Peripheral cyanosis is the blue ... of a Blood Color blue color . All factors contributing to central cyanosis can also cause peripheral symptoms to appear, however peripheral cyanosis can be observed without there being heart ... oxygenation level of the blood. Causes All common causes of central cyanosis Arterial obstruction ... cyanosis Differential cyanosis is the bluish coloration of the lower but not the upper extremity ... Blue Fugates References Reflist External links http www.omdict.net cyanosis.php Cyanosis ... more details
Blue skin may refer to Argyria , caused by the ingestion of elemental silver, silver dust or silver compounds Cyanosis , caused by the presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface disambig ... more details
Wiktionary Ashen could mean Made from ash tree ash wood Having a colour resembling ash the unburnable solid remains of a fire . In a medical context, ashen equate with cyanosis, referring to a bluish hue resulting from a lack of oxygenation of hemoglobin in the blood. Ashen, Essex Ashen demo a demo from the funeral doom metal band Celestiial Ashen game Ashen light a subtle glow that is seen from the night side of the planet Venus. Stuart Ashen , commonly known simply as ashens , English comedian. disambig ... more details
A cyanotic heart defect is a group type of congenital congenital heart defect heart defects CHD s . The patient appears blue cyanosis cyanotic , due to deoxygenated blood bypassing the lung s and entering the systemic circulation . This can be caused by right to left shunt right to left or bidirectional shunt bidirectional shunt medical shunting , or malposition of the great arteries . Cyanotic heart defects, which account for approximately 25 of all CHDs, include Tetralogy of Fallot ToF Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection Hypoplastic left heart syndrome HLHS Transposition of the great arteries d TGA Persistent truncus arteriosus Truncus arteriosus Persistent Tricuspid atresia Interrupted aortic arch Pulmonary atresia PA Pulmonary stenosis critical Patent ductus arteriosus may cause cyanosis in late stage ref Page cite book author Elizabeth D Agabegi Agabegi, Steven S. title Step Up to Medicine Step Up Series publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins location Hagerstwon, MD year 2008 pages isbn 0 7817 7153 6 oclc doi accessdate ref Non Cyanotic Heart Defects Non cyanotic heart defects are more common because of higher survival. In these the shunt is initially from left oxygenated to right non oxygenated . These are Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Coarctation of aorta may cause cyanosis in some cases Double outlet left right ventricle When the defect is long standing, pressure can build up in the pulmonary arteries and the shunt can reverse, thus leading to cyanosis. This is called Eisenmenger syndrome . References reflist Category Congenital heart disease ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date November 2006 Infobox disease Name Pulmonary artery sling Image Caption DiseasesDB 30767 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 2525 MeshID Pulmonary artery sling is a rare condition in which the left pulmonary artery anomalously originates from a normally positioned right pulmonary artery . The left pulmonary artery then progresses posteriorly over the right main bronchus near its origin from the Vertebrate trachea trachea , traverses between the trachea and the esophagus and enters the left hilum of lung hilum . Symptoms include cyanosis , dyspnoea and apnoeic spells. It is almost always fatal and usually requires surgical intervention. Rarely it is asymptomatic and is detected incidentally in asymptomatic adults. DEFAULTSORT Pulmonary Artery Sling Category Cardiovascular system Disease stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 A double inlet left ventricle DILV is a congenital heart defect where both the left atrium and the right atrium feed into the left ventricle . Usually a hypoplastic right ventricle also exists the condition is sometimes referred to as single ventricle . The arteries are usually transposed the aorta from the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery from the left ventricle . Effects Infants born with DILV have excessive blood flow to the pulmonary circulation. They cannot feed normally and have difficulty gaining weight. Excessive pulmonary circulation leads to decreased systemic circulation lack of oxygen to the body and organs . Infants develop cyanosis and or breathlessness early. Treatment This treatment is usually treated with surgery. Surgical options include the Damus Kaye Stansel Procedure, the Fontan procedure , and the Norwood procedure . The goal of all of these is separating the pulmonary and the systemic circulation. Category Congenital heart disease ... more details
medical problem, such as connective tissue diseases and diseases associated with central cyanosis . ref name Cecil 1 Signs and symptoms Acrocyanosis is characterized by peripheral cyanosis persistent cyanosis of the hands or of the hands, feet, or face. ref name Merck The extremities often are cold ... worsens the cyanosis, while it often improves on warming. ref name Cecil 1 Patients normally are asymptomatic ... oxygen saturation . Unlike the closely related Raynaud s phenomenon , cyanosis is continually ... alleviate the cyanosis by disrupting the fibers of the sympathetic nervous system to the area. ref .... See also Chilblains Pernio Chilblains Cyanosis Peripheral artery occlusive disease Raynaud ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Hb Bassett is a Hemoglobin variants hemoglobin variant that exhibits a very reduced oxygen affinity Abdulmalik et al., 2004 . Hb Bassett arises from a mutation at the alpha 94 G1 position whereby aspartic acid is replaced by alanine Abdulmalik et al., 2004 . Hb Bassett is a disruption of the alpha1 and beta2 contact point Voet and Voet, 2006, Abdulmalik et al., 2004 . Hemoglobin of the Bassett variety has much higher P50 than normal hemoglobin . At pH 7, Hb Bassett has a P50 of approximately 22mmHg and normal hemoglobin has an approximate P50 of 10.5mmHg Abdulmalik et al., 2004 . In addition to high P50 values, Hb Bassett shows a reduced Bohr effect reduced oxygen unloading and low cooperativity n 1.4 resulting in lower oxygen affinity Abdulmalik et al., 2004 . These factors conspire to produce a hemoglobin variant that does not provide sufficient oxygen and manifests itself as low oxygen saturation, episodes of cyanosis and anemia Abdulmalik et al., 2004 . The proposed explanation for Hb Bassett s instability is loosening and destabilization of the hemoglobin R state bound ligand oxygen and a resulting shift in the equilibrium that exists between the two states towards the T state unbound oxygen . The instability is localized at the interface between the two dimeric subunits of hemoglobin. The lack of bound oxygen in Hb Bassett homozygote s leads to the clinical outcome of cyanosis they are cyanotic Abdulmalik et al., 2004 . References http www3.interscience.wiley.com cgi bin abstract 109716685 ABSTRACT?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 Category Hemoproteins ... more details
Salt water aspiration syndrome is a rare diving disorders diving disorder suffered by Scuba diving SCUBA divers who inhale a mist of seawater from a faulty demand valve causing irritation of the lung s. ref cite journal author Edmonds C title A salt water aspiration syndrome journal Mil Med volume 135 issue 9 pages 779 85 year 1970 month September pmid 4991232 doi url ref ref cite journal author Edmonds C title Drowning syndromes the mechanism. journal South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal volume 28 issue 1 year 1998 issn 0813 1988 oclc 16986801 url http archive.rubicon foundation.org 5913 accessdate 2008 07 04 ref It can be treated by rest for several hours. If severe, medical assessment is required. Symptoms Symptoms of salt water aspiration syndrome include Aches and pains Cyanosis Mild fever Shortness of breath See also Pulmonary aspiration References Reflist External links http www.scuba doc.com saltwasp.html Diving Medicine Online &mdash Salt Water Aspiration Syndrome Category Diving medicine ... more details
For other uses of the term hypoxia Hypoxia disambiguation Hypoxic hypoxia is a result of insufficient oxygen available to the lungs. A blocked airway, a drowning or a reduction in partial pressure high altitude above 10,000 feet are obvious examples of how lungs can be deprived of oxygen. Some medical examples are abnormal pulmonary function or Respiration physiology respiratory obstruction, or a right to left shunt in the heart . Hypoxic hypoxia is seen in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD , neuromuscular diseases or interstitial lung disease . Some symptoms of hypoxic hypoxia are Cyanosis Headache Decreased reaction time Impaired judgment time Euphoria Visual impairment Drowsiness Lightheaded or dizzy sensation Tingling in fingers and toes Numbness See also Pulmonology Oxygen Bibliography refbegin Flight Standards Service. Pilot s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge FAA Manual H 8083 25 . Washington, DC Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Dept. of Transportation, 2001. ISBN 1 56027 540 5. refend med stub Category Respiratory system ... more details
Summary Five day old Dextro Transposition of the great arteries d TGA ventricular septal defect VSD , cyanosis cyanotic neonate wiktionary pre operative pre operative Jatene procedure palliative palliation . Nasogastric tube NG tube in left nostril electrocardiogram EKG leads on chest intravenous drip IV drip in left hand urine collection bag at groin sphygmomanometer on left calf pulse oximeter on left foot. This image was uploaded with the intention to use it as a photographic illustration in any applicable article on Wikipedia or any affiliated site. Author user bcatt Brandi Catt Supplied by Brandi Catt Digital image in jpg format 72 dpi, 1200px X 800px, RGB colour space. Date August 9 , 2004. Location PICU at BC Children s Hospital in Vancouver, BC, Canada. Subject Amaryllis Kalilah Ador Nicholson 5 days old d TGA VSD palliation for Jatene procedure. Licensing CopyrightedFreeUseProvidedThat credit is given and copyright is attributed ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Paul Michael Clayton Background Hiatus Hernia Image Ischemia.JPG Caption Vasuclar ischemia ischaemia of the toes with characteristic cyanosis . ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 459.9 ICDO OMIM DiseasesDB 7480 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic Acute limb ischaemia occurs when there is a lack of blood flow to a limb. It is usually due to either an embolism or thrombosis of an artery in those with underlying peripheral vascular disease . ref name Vac99 cite journal author Dormandy J, Heeck L, Vig S title Acute limb ischemia journal Semin Vasc Surg volume 12 issue 2 pages 148 53 year 1999 month June pmid 10777242 doi url ref It is estimated to occur at a rate of 14 per 100,000 per year in the United States. ref name Vac99 It is a highly treatable condition with proper surgical care. ref cite journal author O Connell JB, Qui ones Baldrich WJ title Proper evaluation and management of acute embolic versus thrombotic limb ischemia journal Semin Vasc Surg volume 22 issue 1 pages 10 6 year 2009 month March pmid 19298930 doi 10.1053 j.semvascsurg.2008.12.004 url ref References reflist med stub Category Limbs ... more details
Infobox disease Name Choanal atresia ICD10 ICD10 Q 30 0 q 30 ICD9 ICD9 748.0 ICDO Image Caption OMIM 608911 MedlinePlus 001642 eMedicineSubj ent eMedicineTopic 330 DiseasesDB 31330 Choanal atresia is a congenital disorder where the back of the nasal passage choana is blocked, usually by abnormal bone bony or soft tissue formed during fetal development. Presentation It can be unilateral or bilateral. Sometimes, a unilateral choanal atresia is not detected until much later in life because the baby manages to get along with only one nostril available for breathing. Bilateral choanal atresia is a very serious life threatening condition because the infant baby will then be unable to breathe directly after childbirth birth as babies are obligate nasal breathing obligate nasal breathers they must use their noses to breathe . In some cases, this may present as cyanosis while the baby is feeding, because the oral air passages are blocked by the tongue, further restricting the airway. The cyanosis may improve when the baby cries, as the oral airway is used at this time. These babies may require airway resuscitation soon after birth. Associated conditions Sometimes babies born with choanal atresia also have other abnormalities coloboma heart defects mental retardation growth impairment others see also CHARGE syndrome Also any condition that causes significant depression of the nasal bridge or midface retraction can be associated with choanal atresia. Examples include the craniosynostosis syndromes such as Crouzon syndrome , Pfeiffer syndrome , and Antley Bixler syndrome . Diagnosis Choanal atresia can be suspected if it is impossible to insert a nasal catheter . Also, if one notices a continuous stream of mucous draining from one or both nostrils, it could be a sign of an atresia. Diagnosis is confirmed by radiology radiological imaging, usually CT scan . Treatment Temporary alleviation can be achieved by inserting an oral airway into the mouth. However, the only definitive tr ... more details
Infobox disease Name Rombo syndrome Image Caption DiseasesDB 33487 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 180730 OMIM mult MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Rombo syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder characterized mainly by atrophoderma vermiculatum of the face ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. ISBN 0 7216 2921 0. ref rp 580 , multiple milia , telangiectases , acral erythema ref name pmid11422044 cite journal author van Steensel MA, Jaspers NG, Steijlen PM title A case of Rombo syndrome journal Br. J. Dermatol. volume 144 issue 6 pages 1215 8 year 2001 month June pmid 11422044 doi 10.1046 j.1365 2133.2001.04235.x url http www3.interscience.wiley.com resolve openurl?genre article&sid nlm pubmed&issn 0007 0963&date 2001&volume 144&issue 6&spage 1215 issn ref ,peripheral vasodilation with cyanosis ref name pmid6177160 cite journal author Micha lsson G, Olsson E, Westermark P title The Rombo syndrome a familial disorder with vermiculate atrophoderma, milia, hypotrichosis, trichoepitheliomas, basal cell carcinomas and peripheral vasodilation with cyanosis journal Acta Derm. Venereol. volume 61 issue 6 pages 497 503 year 1981 pmid 6177160 doi url issn ref and a propensity to develop basal cell carcinoma s ref name pmid11422044 . The lesions become visible in late childhood, began at ages 7 to 10 years and are most pronounced on the face, At that time a pronounced, somewhat cyanotic redness of the lips and hands was evident as well as moderate follicular atrophy of the skin on the cheeks. In adulthood, whitish yellow, milia like papules and telangiectatic vessels developed. The papules were present particularly on the cheeks and forehead , gradually becoming very conspicuous and dominating the clinical picture. Trichoepithelioma s were found in 1 case. In adults, the eyelashes and eyebrows were either missing or irregularly distributed with defective and maldirected g ... more details
The Three letter acronym CCE has multiple meanings, including Organizations Congregation for Catholic Education , a dicastery of the Roman Curia Council on Chiropractic Education , an accrediting agency for chiropractic schools, and its international affiliates Creativity, Culture and Education , an organisation created to generate transformational cultural and creative programmes for children and young people across England to enhance their aspirations, achievements, skills and life chances. Canadian Cinema Editors Chicago Climate Exchange Coca Cola Enterprises , a major bottler of Coca Cola Comisi n Colombiana del Espacio , Spanish for Colombian Space Commission. Cit du commerce lectronique Comhaltas Ceolt ir ireann an organisation in Ireland which is dedicated to the promotion of Irish music, song, dance and language. Science Certified Clinical Engineer Controlled Combustion Engine Charge Composition Explorer , a scientific satellite also known as Explorer 65 Certified Computer Examiner Congenital cystic eye , a rare ocular malformation Current crowding Current crowding effect Cinema Craft Encoder Computer and Communication Engineering Clubbing, cyanosis, and edema Signs associated with certain types of heart disease Education Continuous and comprehensive evaluation , A new system of evaluation introduced by the Central Board of Secondary Education of India Centre for Continuing Education , part of the University of Sydney Certified Childbirth Educator Edhec Cup Course Croisi re Edhec , a sailing race in France , the biggest student event about sport in Europe Other Cadbury Creme Egg , a chocolate confection made to resemble a chicken egg Camouflage Centre Europe , a French woodland camouflage pattern Ottawa SuperEX Central Canada Exhibition in Ottawa, Canada The Daytona USA video game Daytona USA Championship Circuit Edition video game Certified Chamber Executive , a certification for Chamber of commerce executives. Bully video game Bully video game , called ... more details
Ivemark syndrome , also known as Right Atrial Isomerism , ref name patientuk cite web url http www.patient.co.uk showdoc 26740304 title Ivemark Syndrome Association work Patient UK date 2008 11 10 accessdate 2009 05 27 ref is an example of a Situs ambiguus heterotaxy syndrome . These uncommon congenital disorders are characterized by defects in the heart, spleen and paired organs such as the lungs and kidneys. Right atrial isomerism is named for its discoverer, the Swedish pathologist Bi rn Ivemark 1925 2005 . In right atrial isomerism, both atria of the heart are morphological right atria leading to associated abnormalities in the pulmonary venous system. In addition, individuals with right atrial isomerism develop asplenia , a mid line liver, malrotation of the small intestine and the presence of two morphologic right lungs. Individuals with left atrial isomerism, by comparison, have two morphologic left atria, polysplenia , intestinal malrotation and two morphologic left lungs. ref cite web url http www.rarediseases.org search rdbdetail abstract.html?disname Ivemark 20Syndrome title Ivemark Syndrome work National Organization for Rare Diseases accessdate 2009 05 24 ref The majority of cases present at the time of birth or within a few days or weeks with clinical features of the congenital heart defect which may including symptoms of cyanosis, breathless, lethargy and poor feeding. The cause of heterotaxy is unknown. ref cite news url http www.telegraph.co.uk news newstopics howaboutthat 5361788 Jigsaw Kid lives with jumbled up internal organs.html title Jigsaw Kid lives with jumbled up internal organs work The Telegraph date 2009 05 22 accessdate 2009 05 24 ref The Ivemark Syndrome Association , which is based in Dorset , ref name patientuk is one of the organisations dedicated to helping sufferrers and funding research. References references disease stub Category Rare diseases ca S ndrome d Ivemark de Ivemark Symptomenkomplex fr Syndrome d Ivemark it Sindrome di ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 979 ICD10 ICD10 J 95 4 j 95 ICD9 ICD9 668.0 , ICD9 997.3 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Mendelson s syndrome is chemical pneumonitis caused by Pulmonary aspiration aspiration during anaesthesia , especially during pregnancy . Presentation Mendelson s syndrome is characterised by a bronchopulmonary reaction following aspiration of gastric contents during general anaesthesia due to abolition of the laryngeal reflexes. The main clinical features are signs of general Hypoxia medical hypoxia , two to five hours after anaesthesia. Such features may include cyanosis, dyspnoea, fever, pulmonary wheeze, crepitant rales, rhonchi, and tachycardia with a high blood pressure. Decreased arterial oxygen tension is also likely to be evident. Pulmonary edema can cause sudden death or death may occur later from pulmonary complications. Treatment The risk may be reduced by administering a non particulate antacid e.g. Sodium Citrate or an H2 antagonist like Ranitidine . Eponym It is named for Curtis Mendelson . ref WhoNamedIt synd 2330 ref ref C. L. Mendelson. The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Louis, 1946, 52 191 205. ref References reflist med stub Category Syndromes Category Pneumonia Category Health issues in pregnancy Respiratory pathology Volume 25 and PH 2.5 fr Syndrome de Mendelson ja pl Zesp Mendelsona pt S ndrome de Mendelson ... more details
expert date June 2010 morefootnotes date June 2010 Infobox Disease Name Phlegmasia cerulea dolens Image Caption DiseasesDB 32484 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000200 eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 2767 MeshID Phlegmasia cerulea dolens literally painful blue edema is an uncommon severe form of deep venous thrombosis which results from extensive Thrombosis thrombotic occlusion blockage by a blood clot of the major and the Arteriovenous anastomosis collateral veins of an extremity. It is characterized by sudden severe pain, swelling, cyanosis and edema of the affected limb. There is a high risk of massive pulmonary embolism , even under anticoagulation . Foot gangrene may also occur. An underlying malignancy is found in 50 of cases. This phenomenon was discovered by Jonathan Towne , a vascular surgeon in Milwaukee , who was also the first to report the white clot syndrome Now called HIT Heparin induced thrombocytopenia . Two of their HIT patients developed Phlegmasia cerulea dolens that went on to become gangrenous ref Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia By Theodore E. Warkentin, Andreas Greinacher, Published 2004, ISBN 0824756258 ref . See also Phlegmasia alba dolens References references Cite journal title Images in Clinical Medicine Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens last Barham first Kalleen coauthors Tina Shah date 2007 01 18 journal The New England Journal of Medicine volume 356 issue 3 pages e3 pmid 17229945 doi 10.1056 NEJMicm054730 DEFAULTSORT Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens Category Inflammations Category Angiology disease stub de Phlegmasia coerulea dolens es Flegmasia cerulea dolens tr Phlegmasia coerulea dolens ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Simian hemorrhagic fever virus virus group iv familia Arteriviridae genus Arterivirus species Simian hemorrhagic fever virus Simian hemorrhagic fever virus or Simian haemorrhagic fever virus or SHFV , is a highly pathogenic virus in monkeys. It is a positive stranded RNA virus classified in the family Arteriviridae . Hosts Patas are believed to be the natural host for the virus since about 50 of wild patas monkeys have antibodies for the virus, while antibodies are much less prevalent in other simian species such as vervet s and baboons . In macaques , however, infection with this virus can result in acute severe disease with high mortality. Symptoms Asymptomatic infection of the virus can occur in patas monkeys, vervet monkeys, and baboons, although it is observed primarily in patas monkeys. Infection has a rapid onset with animals developing a high fever , facial edema , cyanosis , Anorexia symptom anorexia , melena , and may begin to hemorrhage at the cutaneous , subcutaneous , and retrobulbar levels. Thrombocytopenia will develop soon after. Death usually occurs within 10 15 days after symptoms appear ref Richard L. Walker, Dwight C. Hirsh, Nigel James. Vet. Biology Blackwell Publishing, 2004. ref . References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Simian Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Category Viruses Category Microbiology Category Hemorrhagic fevers Virus stub es Virus de la fiebre hemorr gica de simios ja ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2007 Venous congestion is the dilation of veins and capillaries due to impaired venous drainage which results in passive hyperaemia or venous congestion, commonly referred to as congestion. Congestion may be acute or chronic, the later being more common and called chronic venous congestion CVC . The affected tissue or organ is bluish in color cyanosis due to red cell stasis and accumulation of deoxygenated hemoglobin. ref Kumar, Abbas, Fausto, Aster. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. Eighth Edition, Saunders, Elsevier, 2010. ref It is of 2 types a Local venous congestion due to obstruction and subsequent reduced venous outflow from an organ or part of body, e.g. portal venous obstruction in cirrhosis of liver. b Systemic general venous congestion is engorgement of systemic veins, eg.in left sided and right sided heart failure and lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis which interfere with pulmonary blood flow. Blood sucking leeches may be a suitable remedy against acute venuous congestion. Symptoms Symptoms include engorgement of the blood vessels, hemorrhage into the interstitium , congestion and edematous edemation in the organ, and prolonged standing as in heart failure . Macrophagic infiltration medical infiltration takes up the cellular debris. The haemoglobin is converted into haemosiderin inside cells in the organ. In the lung, the haemosiderin cells are known as heart failure cells . The appearance of chronic venous congestion of the lungs is rusty brown, due to brown induration of the lungs. References Reflist Category Cardiovascular diseases med stub ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE o Anisidine chembox verifiedrevid 396509651 Name o Anisidine ImageFile 2 Anisidine.png ImageSize 120px IUPACName 2 Methoxyaniline Section1 Chembox Identifiers InChI 1 C7H9NO c1 9 7 5 3 2 4 6 7 8 h2 5H,8H2,1H3 SMILES Nc1ccccc1OC StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C7H9NO c1 9 7 5 3 2 4 6 7 8 h2 5H,8H2,1H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey VMPITZXILSNTON UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 90 04 0 CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS EC number 201 963 1 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 13860775 UNNumber 2431 Section2 Chembox Properties Reference ref RubberBible62nd page C 98 . ref Formula C sub 7 sub H sub 9 sub NO MolarMass 123.15 g mol Density 1.092 g ml MeltingPt 6.2 C BoilingPt 224 C Density 1.0923 g cm sup 3 sup Solubility 1.5 g 100 ml SolubleOther soluble in ethanol , diethyl ether , acetone , benzene Section7 Chembox Hazards EUClass Toxic T br Carc2 br Muta3 EUIndex 612 035 00 4 NFPA H 2 NFPA F 1 NFPA R 0 RPhrases R45 , R23 24 25 , R68 SPhrases S53 , S45 FlashPt 118 C open cup Autoignition 415 C Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds M Anisidine m Anisidine br P Anisidine p Anisidine o Anisidine is a yellow liquid with melting point 1 to 5 C and density 1.09 g cm . The vapor pressure is 0.05 mbar at 20 C but increases greatly with temperature. It has an aromatic smell and is well absorbed by inhalation, oral ingestion and skin contact. 2 Anisidine is a very toxic agent that causes blood, enzyme and nerve damage with cyanosis and the danger of suffocation. The agent is an experimental carcinogen and is strongly suspected to be also a human carcinogen. 2 Anisidine has dangerous pollutant properties for water. References reflist External links ICSC 0970 09 PGCH 0034 DEFAULTSORT Anisidine 2 Category Anilines Category Hazardous air pollutants Category IARC Group 2B carcinogens ... more details
The Killip classification is a system used in individuals with an acute myocardial infarction heart attack , in order to risk stratify them. Individuals with a low Killip class are less likely to die within the first 30 days after their myocardial infarction than individuals with a high Killip class. ref cite journal author Killip T, Kimball JT title Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit. A two year experience with 250 patients journal Am J Cardiol. volume 20 issue 4 pages 457 64 year 1967 month Oct pmid 6059183 doi 10.1016 0002 9149 67 90023 9 ref The study The study was a case series with unblinded, unobjective outcomes, not adjusted for confounding factors, nor validated in an independent set of patients. The setting was the coronary care unit of a university hospital in the USA. 250 patients were included in the study aged 28 to 94 mean 64, 72 male with a myocardial infarction. Patients with a cardiac arrest prior to admission were excluded. Patients were ranked by Killip class in the following way Killip class I includes individuals with no clinical signs of congestive heart failure heart failure . Killip class II includes individuals with rales or crackles in the lung s, an S sub 3 s , and elevated jugular venous pressure. Killip class III describes individuals with frank acute pulmonary edema . Killip class IV describes individuals in cardiogenic shock or hypotension measured as systolic blood pressure lower than 90 mmHg , and evidence of peripheral vasoconstriction oliguria , cyanosis or sweating . Conclusions The numbers below were accurate in 1967. Nowadays, they have diminished by 30 to 50 in every class. Within a 95 confidence interval the patient outcome was as follows Killip class I 81 250 patients 32 27 38 . Mortality rate was found to be at 6 . Killip class II 96 250 patients 38 32 44 . Mortality rate was found to be at 17 . Killip class III 26 250 patients 10 6.6 14 . Mortality rate was found to be at 38 . Killip class IV 47 250 ... more details
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