date April 2009 File Cumb.svg thumb right Location of Cumbria within England. The Cumbriandialect is a local English language English dialect spoken in Cumbria in northern England , not to be confused ... of local government re organisation in 1974 . There is a Cumbrian Dictionary of Dialect, Tradition ... element in Cumbriandialect is the Yan Tan Tethera sheep counting numerals which are still used in various ... dialect of Cumbria today is an inclination to drop vowels, especially in relation to the word the which is frequently abbreviated. Unlike the Lancashire dialect, where the is abbreviated to th , in Cumbrian ... Cumbric language Dialect Etymology of Cumbrian Place Names References reflist Bibliography Refbegin ... 1.shtml 2000 B.B.C. radio programme on the Cumbriandialect http www.lownestfarm.co.uk olden ... plainlinks span DEFAULTSORT CumbrianDialect Category Cumbria Category British English Category ... language Scots . Cumbrian here refers both to Cumbria and also to Cumberland , the historic county ... the respective dictionaries for Lancashire and Yorkshire. History of Cumbrian language Celtic influence ... had developed into a dialect of Brythonic known as Cumbric the scarcity of linguistic evidence ... influence on the modern dialect was Old Norse , spoken by Norwegian settlers who probably arrived in Cumbria in the 10th century via Ireland and the Isle of Man . The majority of Cumbrian place names ... valley of the River Kent and Elterwater from eltr vatn swan lake . Many of the traditional dialect ... had assimilated to speaking English, there were few further influences on the dialect. In the Middle ... be taken into account when pronouncing dialect words. Vowels class wikitable Received Pronunciation RP English Cumbrian IPA as in bad IPA a IPA as in bard IPA a IPA a as in house IPA u North ... dialect Wm. Barrow Kendall Forness Word Book , 1867 PDF version available at ref suggesting the practice ... in final syllables are usually reduced to schwa IPA . Dialect Words General words aboot About ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The Cumbrian Trilogy comprises three novels by Melvyn Bragg , published between 1969 and 1980. The story is set predominantly in Thurston Bragg s name for Wigton , from the 1920s to the 1970s, and follows the lives of John Tallentire, his son Joseph, and his grandson Douglas. These three characters are central to the novels The Hired Man , A Place in England , and Kingdom Come Bragg novel Kingdom Come , respectively. As the family saga unfolds, Bragg sets the constant family characteristics of the protagonists against the flow of historical change. Tallentire family tree Inappropriate tone date December 2007 Harry wife son wife Isaac Seth wife Helen George Lester illegitimate Emma de facto Harry Aileen Harry see below Thomas John Emily Sarah Alice Harry killed in WWI May Joseph Betty Douglas Mary Anne died young John Harry adopted Aileen see above daughter Avril John s 2nd wife Mary Frank killed in WWII Donald killed in WWII Anne Robert novel stub Cumbrian Trilogy Category Novel sequences Category Books by Melvyn Bragg ... more details
Refimprove date January 2008 Cumbrian toponymy refers to the study of place names in Cumbria , a county in North West England , and as a result of the spread of the ancient Cumbric language , further parts of northern England and the Southern Uplands Southern Uplands of Scotland . The history of Cumbria is marked by a long and complex history of human settlement. Geographically, Cumbria is situated near the centrepoint of the British Isles . The contrasting landscapes between the mountains and the fertile coastal areas and the rich variety of mineral resources available in the county have made it a desirable area for habitation since the Upper Paleolithic , and various ethnic groups have been drawn to the area, leaving their linguistic mark since the Iron Age . Linguistic influences Brythonic further British language Celtic Image Brythonic.PNG thumb General distribution of Brythonic elements Since at least the Iron Age, the inhabitants of Cumbria would have spoken British language Celtic Brythonic Celtic , which is related to modern Welsh language Welsh , Cornish language Cornish and Breton language Breton . Evidence of this language is mostly visible in topographical features such as rivers Kent, Eden, Ehen, Levens and mountains Blencathra, Helvellyn, Coniston Old Man . In the first millennium AD the Brythonic spoken in north west England and southern Scotland developed into a separate strain called Cumbric language Cumbric , which included some influences from Latin picked up during the Roman Britain Roman occupation of Britain . It is likely that most place names with Brythonic influences have survived from this time Carlisle, Penrith, Penruddock British influenced place ... July 2010 reason Old Danish after dialect differentiation, or Middle Danish? orp secondary settlement ..., Kirkbride, Patterdale, Ireleth, Ireby . Several Gaelic Saints are recalled in Cumbrian place ... references http web.ukonline.co.uk sw.rae Place Names of Lake District DEFAULTSORT Cumbrian ... more details
about dialects of spoken and written languages dialects of programming languages Dialect computing the literary device Eye dialect The term dialect from the Greek Language word dialektos , is used ... is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class. ref http www.m w.com dictionary dialect Merriam Webster Online dictionary. ref A dialect that is associated with a particular social class can be termed a sociolect a regional dialect may be termed a regiolect or topolect. The other usage refers to a language socially ... native Romance language of Nice, known in French as Ni ard . A dialect is distinguished ... is appropriate, not dialect. Other speech varieties include standard language s, which are standardized ... by an individual are termed an idiolect . Standard and non standard dialect A standard dialect also known as a standardized dialect or standard language is a dialect that is supported by institutions ... forth a correct spoken and written form and an extensive formal literature that employs that dialect ... dialects of the English language . A nonstandard dialect , like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary ... English dialect is Southern American English or Newfoundland English . no good example ... dialect of the English language. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wright linguist Joseph Wright to compare different English dialects with each other. Dialect use in arts Sometimes in stories authors distinguish characters through their dialect. Dialect or language span id language dialect There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing a language from a dialect . A framework ... in the statement that the language of the Pennsylvania Dutch is a dialect of German language German . However, the term dialect always implies a relation between languages if language X is called a dialect, this implies that the speaker considers X a dialect of some other language Y, which ... more details
The Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers is a Territorial Army United Kingdom Territorial Army unit of the British Army . It was formed on 1 July 1999 following the Strategic Defence Review by the amagamation of the 4th Battalion Queen s Lancashire Regiment and the 4th Volunteer Battalion of the King s Own Royal Border Regiment . On 1 July 2006 http www.army.mod.uk lancs formation decisions index.htm , the Lancastrian and Cumbrian Volunteers were amalgamated with the King s Regiment companies of the King s and Cheshire Regiment to form the new 4th Battalion Volunteers , Duke of Lancaster s Regiment King s Lancashire and Border . Category Infantry regiments of the British Army Category Military units and formations established in 1999 UK mil unit stub ... more details
Distinguish Cambrian Line Infobox rail line box width auto name Cumbrian Coast Line color logo logo width image Ravenglass Railway Station.jpg image width 321px caption Ravenglass station type Heavy rail system National Rail status Operational locale Cumbria , North West England start Barrow in Furness railway station Barrow in Furness end Carlisle railway station Carlisle stations 26 routes 1 ridership open 1844 close owner Network Rail operator Northern Rail character depot stock British Rail Class 153 Class 153 Super Sprinter br British Rail Class 156 Class 156 Super Sprinter linelength convert 85.50 mi km 2 abbr on tracklength notrack Mainly double tracked, three sections of single track. gauge Standard Gauge RailGauge ussg old gauge minradius racksystem el speed elevation map map state collapsed Cumbrian Coast Line RDT The Cumbrian Coast Line is a rail route in North West England , running from Carlisle railway station Carlisle to Barrow in Furness via Workington and Whitehaven . The line forms part of Network Rail route NW 4033, which continues as the Furness Line via Ulverston and Grange over Sands to Carnforth , where it connects with the West Coast Main Line . History The Cumbrian Coast Line is an amalgamation of a series of earlier routes Carlisle railway station Carlisle to Maryport railway station Maryport , Maryport and Carlisle Railway ref http www.railbrit.co.uk Maryport and Carlisle Railway frame.htm ref opened 1845 Maryport to Whitehaven railway station Whitehaven , Whitehaven Junction Railway ref http www.railbrit.co.uk Whitehaven Junction Railway frame.htm ... Maryport Carlisle. This has allowed many charter services to operate the full length of the Cumbrian Coast. The Cumbrian Coast was given Community rail Community Rail status in 2008, and has an active ... previously connected to the Cumbrian Coast Line, but have mostly now been closed Silloth railway station ... in England de Cumbrian Coast Line ko ... more details
Doric dialect can refer to The Doric Greek Doric dialect of Greek language Greek The Doric dialect Scotland Doric dialect of Scots language Scots Disambig ... more details
The Bataan dialect may refer to the dialect of Tagalog language Tagalog spoken in Bataan the dialect of Kapampangan language Kapampangan spoken in Bataan or, the Marivele o language . disambig ... more details
Xuancheng dialect may refer to ifexist Old Xuancheng dialect Old Xuancheng dialect Old Xuancheng dialect , a dialect of Tong Jing Xuanzhou Wu dialects ifexist New Xuancheng dialect New Xuancheng dialect New Xuancheng dialect , a subdialect of Hefei dialect of Lower Yangtze Mandarin Sub dialects Western Huai dialects SIA zh ... more details
The Marivele o dialect may refer to the dialect of Tagalog language Tagalog spoken in Mariveles in the Philippines or, the Marivele o language . disambig ... more details
Expand Chinese date June 2011 Chinese t s p H if ng hu Haifeng dialect , Lufeng dialect or Hailufeng dialect is a dialect mostly spoken in Shanwei , Haifeng and Lufeng in Guangdong , China . It is a sub dialect of Min Nan Chinese , and sometimes a sub dialect of Teochew dialect . ref http www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk flux chaozhou.htm ChaoZhou Dialect Romanisation Scheme ref ref http www.glossika.com en dict phon haifeng.php Haifeng Dialect Phonology ref Since some of the Chinese character characters pronunciations in Haifeng dialect are different from that in Teochew dialect due to different rhymes in both dialects , Haifeng dialect is sometimes considered to be independent of Teochew dialect. Infobox language name Haifeng dialect nativename states China region Mainly in Shanwei, eastern Guangdong province. speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min fam4 Min Nan fam5 Teochew dialect Teochew map Banlamgu.svg mapcaption color box 677821 Haifeng dialect inside Teochew References reflist Southern Min Languages Guangdong topics Category Shanwei Category Min Nan zh ... more details
A nonstandard dialect is a dialect that does not have the institutional support or sanction that a standard language standardized dialect has. Like any dialect, a nonstandard dialect has its own vocabulary and an internally consistent grammar and syntax and it may be spoken using a variety of accent linguistics accent s. Describing a dialect as nonstandard is not to imply that the dialect is incorrect or inferior. Also prestige dialect s may be non standard. As a border case, a nonstandard dialect may even have its own written form, although it s then to be assumed that the orthography is unstable and or unsanctioned, and that it is not orderly supported by governmental or educational institutions. When used in quotes and as a contrastive feature in literature , the term eye dialect may be used for nonstandard phonemic spelling. It is uncommon in written texts unless the text is dialect poetry, etc. References Unreferenced date May 2007 Reflist See also Language policy Category Language varieties and styles ... more details
Open Dialect is an open source Adobe Flash Flash Integrated development environment IDE based on Adobe Flex and distributed under the GNU General Public License GPL . Its goals are to allow system dynamics modelers to create and publish online interfaces to their work. Open Dialect allows for the creation of Adobe Integrated Runtime adobe AIR executables as well as Flash 9 SWF swfs . Open Dialect is written in C Sharp programming language C using the .NET Framework and has been ported via Mono software Mono and GTK to Linux and partially Mac OS X . Supported platforms The latest version of Open Dialect, version 0.6.0 supports Windows no extra effort , Linux tiny bit of effort and OSX must compile from source . References http dialect.openmodeling.net Open Dialect Updates from Open Dialect http dialect.openmodeling.net wiki OpenDialect Open Dialect Wiki from Open Dialect http osflash.org projects opendialect Open Dialect from osflash.org http sunil gupta.blogspot.com 2008 07 open dialect future of open source.html Open Dialect, The future of open source flash IDE Sunil s Blog https dialect.openmodeling.net downloads 4 The Policy Resistance example game, tutorial and ILE from Open Dialect Category Open source integrated development environments Category Adobe Flash ... more details
The Irpinian dialect , or Irpino is the dialect spoken in almost all of the comuni Communes in the Province of Avellino in the Italy Italian region of Campania . It is a variant of the Neapolitan language , but it does differ in some ways, for example in some expressions, pronunciation and in some of the articles. DEFAULTSORT Irpinian Dialect Category Neapolitan language language stub it Dialetto irpino ... more details
Macedonian dialect may refer to Dialects of the Macedonian language , the dialects of the modern Slavic language Ancient Macedonian language , if considered a dialect of ancient Greek Varieties of Modern Greek , spoken today in Greek Macedonia disambig ... more details
Chinato is a dialect of Extremaduran language Extremaduran spoken in Malpartida de Plasencia . This dialect is nearly extinct. References Reflist http www.paseovirtual.iespana.es congreso chinato1.pdf Congress about Extremaduran language Category Extremaduran dialects lang stub an Estremenyo chinato ... more details
Infobox language name Shantou dialect nativename Unicode Suan tao u states China region Mainly in Shantou , southwestern Guangdong province. speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min fam4 Min Nan fam5 Teochew dialect Teochew linglist nan sha map Shantou map2005.jpg mapcaption color box c8ab37 Shantou dialect The Shantou dialect , formerly known as the Swatow dialect , is a dialect mostly spoken in Shantou in Guangdong , China . It is a sub dialect of Min Nan Chinese , and sometimes a sub dialect of Teochew Min . ref http www.glossika.com en dict dialectdata guangdong shantou.php Shantou Dialect entry in Glossika ref Referencing reflist See also List of Chinese dialects Min .E9.96.A9.E8.AA.9E.2F.E9.97.BD.E8.AF.AD List of Chinese dialects External links http openlibrary.org b OL7242211M pronouncing and defining dictionary of the Swatow dialect A pronouncing and defining dictionary of the Swatow Shantou dialect published in 1883 by the American Presbyterian mission press in Shanghai. Southern Min Languages Category Guangdong Category Min Nan ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Infobox language name Weihai dialect nativename familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Mandarin Chinese Mandarin fam4 Jiao Liao Mandarin speakers states China region Shandong Peninsula Weihai dialect is a dialect of Mandarin Chinese Mandarin spoken in and around the city of Weihai , in eastern Shandong province. DEFAULTSORT Weihai Dialect Category Mandarin Chinese St lang stub fr Dialecte de Weihai ... more details
unreferenced date October 2011 Mahaki is one of the sub dialects of the Feyli Kurdish dialect Feyli dialect of the Kurdish language . It is spoken by the Kurdish tribes of Ali Sherwan Beyrey in the Ilam province of Iran and among almost all the Feyli Kurds living in Baghdad , Mandali, Badrah and Zorbatiah in Iraq . This sub dialect shares many features with the Sorani dialect. Category Kurdish language language stub ... more details
unreferenced date July 2009 Qihai dialect is a Wu Chinese dialect spoken in Tongzhou , Haimen , Qidong districts in southern Jiangsu province, as well as spoken on Chongming Island in Shanghai , It is considered to be a Taihu Wu dialect, which is intelligible with Shanghainese dialect . Chinese language Category Wu language St lang stub wuu zh ... more details
disputed date April 2011 Infobox language name Zhanjiang dialect nativename states China region Mainly in Zhanjiang, southwestern Guangdong province. speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min or Yue Chinese Yue fam4 Min Nan or Wuhua Yue fam5 Leizhou Min map ChinaGuangdongZhanjiang.png mapcaption color box c8ab37 Zhanjiang dialect The Zhanjiang dialect is a dialect mostly spoken in Zhanjiang in Guangdong , China . It is a sub dialect of Min Nan Chinese , and sometimes a sub dialect of Leizhou Min . ref http www.glossika.com en dict dialectdata guangdong zhanjiang.php Zhanjiang Dialect entry in Glossika ref See also List of Chinese dialects Min .E9.96.A9.E8.AA.9E.2F.E9.97.BD.E8.AF.AD List of Chinese dialects Referencing reflist Southern Min Languages Category Guangdong Category Min Nan ... more details
Infobox Language name Hui an dialect nativename states China region Mainly in Hui an , southern Fujian province. speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min fam4 Min Nan fam5 Zhenan Min The Hui an dialect , is a dialect mostly spoken in Hui an in Fujian Province , China . It is a sub dialect of Min Nan Chinese , and a sub dialect of Zhenan Min . ref http chinalinks.osu.edu naccl 20 proceedings 34 chen w.pdf Relative Clauses in Hui an Dialect ref See also List of Chinese dialects Min .E9.96.A9.E8.AA.9E.2F.E9.97.BD.E8.AF.AD List of Chinese dialects Referencing reflist Southern Min Languages DEFAULTSORT Hui an Dialect Category Fujian China stub st lang stub ... more details
Infobox language name Siyi nativename Seiyap, Sze Yup states People s Republic of China region Sze Yup speakers familycolor Sino Tibetan fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Yue Chinese Yue linglist yue siy map Yue Dialects.png mapcaption Siyi is the yellow area on the coast. Siyi Seiyap, is a coastal branch of Yue Chinese spoken in Guangdong province. It includes Taishanese , one of the most important Chinese dialects in American Chinese communities. Dialects Taishanese dialect is representative. Taishan dialect Xinhui dialect Siqian dialect Guzhen dialect Enping dialect Kaiping dialect Chinese language Category Cantonese language St lang stub nl Siyihua zh ... more details
Infobox language name Quanzhou dialect nativename lang zh tw Ch an chiu o familycolor Sino Tibetan states People s Republic of China , Malaysia , Indonesia , Singapore , Burma , Thailand , Taiwan , Hong Kong and Macau . region Southern Fujian province speakers over 7 million fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min fam4 Min Chinese Coastal Min fam5 Min Nan fam6 Hokkien dialect Hokkien map ChinaFujianQuanzhou.png mapcaption color box c8ab37 Quanzhou dialect The Quanzhou dialect is a Hokkien dialect which originally comes from Southern Fujian province in Southeast China , in the area centered around the city of Quanzhou . Among the Taiwanese who migrated came from Fujian province since the 17th century onwards, 44.8 were originally from Quanzhou whereas 35.1 were from Zhangzhou . The Quanzhou dialect has an intelligibility of over 90 with other dialects of Hokkien such as Amoy dialect Amoy and Zhangzhou dialect Zhangzhou . For this reason, the Quanzhou dialect is often simply called Hokkien or Min Nan. External links http baike.baidu.com view 399388.htm Quanzhou dialect entry in Baidu Baike zh icon Southern Min Languages Category Fujian Category Min Nan China stub st lang stub nl Quanzhouhua zh ... more details
Infobox language name Zhangzhou dialect nativename lang zh tw Chiang chiu o familycolor Sino Tibetan states People s Republic of China , Malaysia , Indonesia , Singapore , Taiwan , and Hong Kong . region Southern Fujian province speakers Over 4 million ref cn date November 2011 date fam2 Chinese languages Chinese fam3 Min Chinese Min fam4 Min Nan fam5 Hokkien dialect Hokkien map ChinaFujianZhangzhou.png mapcaption color box c8ab37 Zhangzhou dialect The Zhangzhou dialect is a Hokkien dialect originating from southern Fujian province in southeast China , in the area centered around the city of Zhangzhou . Among the Taiwanese who migrated from Fujian province starting in the 17th century, 35.1 were originally from Zhangzhou whereas 44.8 were from Quanzhou . The Zhangzhou dialect has an intelligiblity of over 90 with other dialects of Hokkien such as Amoy dialect Amoy and Quanzhou dialect Quanzhou . The Zhangzhou dialect is often simply called Hokkien or Minnan. It is the source of the western terms Amoy e mui and Quemoy kim mui . External links http www.glossika.com en dict dialectdata fujian zhangzhou.php Zhangzhou dialect entry in Glossika Southern Min Languages Category Fujian Category Min Nan China stub st lang stub ... more details
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