Wiktionary TOC right Critical may refer to Critical novel Critical novel , a medical thriller written by Dr. Robin Cook Critical song , a 1999 single by Zion I Critical Software , a company specializing in mission and business critical information systems. Critically Endangered , a risk status for wild species Critical, or intensive care medicine See also Critic Criticism Critique Crisis Special PrefixIndex Critical Articles beginning with Critical disambig ... more details
Critical care may refer to intensive care medicine Critical care medicine or intensive care medicine, a branch of medicine concerned with life support for critically ill patients Critical Care Star Trek Voyager Critical Care Star Trek Voyager , an episode of the TV series Critical Care film Critical Care film , a 1997 film directed by Sidney Lumet Critical Care , a novel by Richard Dooling basis for the film Critical Care journal Critical Care journal , an online journal of intensive care medicine published by BioMed Central Critical Care Medicine , published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins for the Society of Critical Care Medicine . See also Lookfrom Critical Care disambig ... more details
Critical condition is a medical state . Critical Condition may also be Critical Condition SATC episode , an episode of the television series Sex and the City Critical Condition film , a 1987 comedy film disambig ... more details
Critical Review is a name shared by several publications, which are unrelated to each other by anything except their names The Critical Review was an England English newspaper published from 1756 to 1817. Critical Review Brown University . The Critical Review is the student publication of course evaluations at Brown University that has been published since 1976. Critical Review scholarly journal . Critical Review A Journal of Politics and Society is a scholarly quarterly published by the Critical Review Foundation since 1986. An Australian literary journal. disambig ... more details
Critical Path may refer to The Critical Path, the longest necessary path through a network of activities when respecting their interdependencies, which may be identified with the Program Evaluation and Review Technique and the Critical path method Critical Path book by Buckminster Fuller, 1981 The Critical Path An Essay on the Social Context of Literary Criticism The Critical Path , book by Northrop Frye , 1971 Critical Path video game , an interactive movie computer game Critical Path, Inc. , provider of messaging services Critical Path Institute , organization for improvement of the drug development process disambig th ... more details
Wiktionary critical angle Critical angle can refer to Critical angle optics the angle of incidence above which total internal reflection occurs Critical angle of attack , in aerodynamics the angle of attack which produces the maximum lift coefficient Critical angle of repose , in engineering the steepest angle of descent of a slope when the material is on the verge of sliding disambiguation ... more details
Critical Moment is a political newspaper based in Southeast Michigan , USA . It was founded in 2003. External links http www.criticalmoment.org Critical Moment official website http bad.eserver.org reviews 2006 critical.html Critical Moment reviewed by Bad Subjects michigan newspaper stub Category Newspapers published in Michigan ... more details
A critical pair may refer to Critical pair logic , terms resulting from two overlapping rules in a term rewriting system Critical pair order theory , two incomparable elements in a partial order that have the same order relation to all other elements mathdab ... more details
A critical vocabulary is a formal terminology related to one or more branches of critical theory . Although it may be considered a type of jargon , it is predominantly used by academic academics and is not slang . The word critical , as used in the term critical vocabulary , takes on two meanings of essential importance and of or pertaining to critic s or criticism . Thus, the vocabulary is of essential importance to the critical theory that employs it and is used by that critical theory in order to produce criticism . Usage Unlike the term jargon , the term critical vocabulary is seldom used as a collective noun . It is typically preceded by the definite article definite or indefinite article . When speaking about more than one critical theory, it is used in the plural i.e. the critical vocabularies of postmodern studies . Criticism Several people have criticized critical vocabularies as tools of alienation or obfuscation. ref http media.www.tuftsdaily.com media storage paper856 news 2005 04 22 Features Has Academic.Jargon.Finally.Gone.Too.Far 1490971.shtml ref ref http blog.case.edu webdev 2006 03 23 beware of your vocabulary ref Also there have been assertions that the relatively recent proliferation of critical vocabularies has resulted in redundancy of both terms and ideas. ref http www.jstor.org pss 454728 ref See the Pitfalls section under jargon . See also Critical theory Critical theory Frankfurt School Critical thinking Critique Cultural critic Jargon Philosophy Technical terminology References reflist External links http www.citigraphics.net jenner djenner archive CritiqueAndCriticalThinking.pdf What Critical means in Critical Thinking Donald Jenner, BMCC CUNY pdf Critical theory Category Criticism Category Critical theory ... more details
Critical point may refer to Critical point mathematics Critical point set theory Critical point thermodynamics Construction point of a ski jumping hill See also Brillouin zone Percolation thresholds Disambiguation DEFAULTSORT Critical Point Category Mathematical disambiguation ar de Kritischer Punkt es Punto cr tico eo Sojla punkto eu Puntu kritiko fr Point critique ko nl Kritisch punt nds Kritisch Punkt pl Punkt krytyczny pt Ponto cr tico ru sv Kritisk punkt ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 The critical size is the minimum size of a nuclear reactor core or nuclear weapon that can be made critical for a specific geometry geometrical arrangement and material composition. The critical size must at least include enough fissionable material to reach critical mass . If the size of the fissionable material is less than a certain minimum, fission neutrons escape through its surface and the Nuclear chain reaction chain reaction is not sustained. DEFAULTSORT Critical Size Category Nuclear technology Nuclear stub es Tama o cr tico pt Tamanho cr tico ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2010 In concurrent programming a critical section is a piece of code that accesses ... one Thread computer science thread of execution . A critical section will usually terminate in fixed ... of the critical section to ensure exclusive use, for example a semaphore programming semaphore . By carefully controlling which variables are modified inside and outside the critical section usually, by accessing important state only from within , concurrent access to that state is prevented. A critical ... a separate thread making conflicting changes to that data. In a related situation, a critical ... process at a time. How critical sections are implemented varies among operating systems. The simplest method is to prevent any change of processor control inside the critical section. On uni processor systems, this can be done by disabling interrupts on entry into the critical section, avoiding system ... state on exit. Any thread of execution entering any critical section anywhere in the system ... and therefore from entering any other critical section or, indeed, any code whatsoever, until the original thread leaves its critical section. This brute force approach can be improved upon by using semaphore programming semaphores . To enter a critical section, a thread must obtain a semaphore ... entering the critical section at the same time as the original thread, but are free to gain control of the CPU and execute other code, including other critical sections that are protected by different ... different critical sections in the same program. Citation needed date November 2008 In general .... Each piece must be guarded by a common semaphore programming semaphore . Is each piece now a critical ... a single critical section? This confusion is evident in definitions of a critical section such as ... a piece ... itself to be somewhat contrived. Application Level Critical Sections Application software Application level critical sections reside in the Random access memory memory range of the process and are usually ... more details
Critical value may refer to Differential topology In differential topology , a critical value of a differentiable function nowrap 1 M N between differentiable manifold s is the image value x in N of a critical point mathematics critical point x in M ref Carmo, Manfredo Perdig o do.. Differential geometry of curves and surfaces . Upper Saddle River, N.J. Prentice Hall, 1976. Print. ref . The basic result on critical values is Sard s lemma . The set of critical values can be quite irregular but in Morse theory it becomes important to consider real number real valued functions on a manifold M , such that the Set mathematics set of critical values is in fact finite. The theory of Morse function s shows that there are many such functions and that they are even typical, or generic in the sense of Baire category . Statistics In statistics , a critical value is the value corresponding to a given significance level . This cutoff value determines the boundary between those statistical sample samples resulting in a test statistic that leads to rejecting the null hypothesis and those that lead to a decision not to reject the null hypothesis. If the calculated value from the statistical test is greater than the critical value, then the null hypothesis is rejected in favour of the alternative hypothesis, and vice versa. Complex dynamics In complex dynamics , a Complex quadratic polynomial Critical value critical value is the image of a Complex quadratic polynomial Critical point critical point . mathanalysis stub topology stub References reflist Category Multivariable calculus Category Differential topology Category Critical phenomena pl Warto krytyczna ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In a photograph , the area of critical focus is the portion of the picture that is optically focus optics in focus . This does not relate to depth of field which describes apparent sharpness. Reducing the size of the aperture will increase the depth of field but the plane of critical focus will not change. Depth of field extends away from the plane of critical sharpness. The image is only critically in focus within a plane. The formula that describes the relationship between plane of sharpness, photographic lens lens and Photographic film film is math 1 I 1 O 1 F math , where math I math is the film to lens distance, math O math is the distance from the lens to the plane of critical focus, and math F math is the focal length of the lens. Critical Focus is also the title of a regular column by Brian J. Ford in the American magazine http www.brianjford.com w CF 01.htm The Microscope . See also Sharpness visual DEFAULTSORT Critical Focus Category Science of photography Photo stub ... more details
Cleanup date December 2009 Critical area can refer to one of the following Aviation In aviation , a critical area refers to a designated area of an airport that all aircraft must remain clear of when another aircraft is inbound on an Instrument Landing System ILS approach. The critical area should be avoided when the weather is less than or equal to 2 miles visibility or less than or equal to 800 ft. ceilings. These areas are used to protect against signal Interference communication interference that may lead to navigation al errors, or worse. Instrument Landing System ILS technology delivers two main types of information to pilots. These types include the glideslope vertical location relative to the designed glide path and the localizer lateral position relative to the designed approach ... critical area. Unsourced image removed Image ILS Critical Area Runway Marking.jpg thumb right 200px Pavement markings identify the limits of the ILS Critical Area deletable image caption Image Airport ILS holding sign.svg thumb right 150px Sign placed at edge of ILS critical area often next to pavement markings Localizer critical area Vehicles and aircraft are not authorized in or over the critical ... fix and the airport. Glideslope critical area Vehicles and aircraft are not authorized in or over the critical area when an arriving aircraft is between the Instrument Landing System ILS final approach ... into the ILS critical area and identified by signs and pavement markings. During times of reduced ... are expected to BEFORE TAKEOFF Stop aircraft before entering the critical area while waiting for takeoff. AFTER LANDING Move the aircraft out of the critical area before stopping to receive taxi instructions from the ground controller. Much larger than the critical area is the sensitive area. Aircraft ... is absolutely critical. Integrated Circuits In integrated circuit Design for manufacturability IC design , a critical area refers to the area of a circuit design wherein a particle of a particular ... more details
In the study of air pollution , a critical load is defined as A quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more pollutant s below which significant harmful effects on specified sensitive elements of the Natural environment environment do not occur according to present knowledge . Nilsson and Grennfelt 1988 Critical loads and the similar concept of critical level s have been used extensively within the 1979 United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution . As an example the 1999 Multi effect Protocol Gothenburg protocol to the LRTAP convention takes into account acid ification of surface waters and Soil acidification soils , eutrophication of soils and ground level ozone and the emissions of sulfur dioxide , ammonia , nitrogen oxide and non methane volatile organic compounds NMVOC . For acidification and eutrophication the critical loads concept was used, whereas for tropospheric ozone ground level ozone the critical levels were used instead. To calculate a critical load, the target ecosystem must first be defined and in that ecosystem e.g. a forest a sensitive element must be identified e.g. forest growth rate . The next ... ratio, Bc Al and a critical limit e.g. Bc Al 1 which should not be violated. Finally, a mathematical ... that result in the chemical criterion reaching exactly the critical limit can be calculated. That deposition level is called the critical load and the difference between the current deposition level and the critical load is called exceedance. In the early days, critical loads were often calculated as a single value, e.g. critical load of acidity. Today a two dimensional critical load function is often .... The critical loads concept is a steady state steady state concept and that it therefore includes ... the target load function is lower than the critical load and for target years in the distant future the target load function approaches the critical load function. Calculating critical load functions ... more details
Other uses Crit disambiguation Refimprove date May 2009 In many role playing game s and video game s, a critical ... playing game Empire of the Petal Throne introduced the concept of critical hits though not the phrase .... ref M.A.R. Barker, Empire of the Petal Throne , p34. ref Types Critical hits are meant to simulate ... point, such as a stab merely in the leg causing less damage than a stab in the Achilles tendon . Critical ... base the likelihood of critical hits occurring on this statistic a character with high Luck will deal a higher percentage of critical hits, while a character with low Luck may, in some games, be struck by more critical hits. In the tabletop RPG Dungeons & Dragons , each time a player character attacks an opponent with a weapon, the player rolls a 20 sided die a roll of 20 a 5 chance results in a critical ... the same chances for a critical hit, about 1 to 10 usually. The most common kind of critical hit simply ... the maximum possible damage . Critical hits also occasionally do special damage to represent the effects of specific wounds for example, losing use of an arm or eye, or being reduced to a limp . Critical .... Critical hits originally provided a way to simulate wounds to a specific part of the body. These systems ... with a lost leg . Most systems now simply award extra damage on a critical hit, trading realism for ease of play. The effect of a critical hit is to break up the monotony of a battle with high, unusual results. Many games call critical hits by other names. For example, in Chrono Trigger , a double ... series refers to critical hits as a smash hit known in game as SMAAAASH . Gamers frequently use the abbreviation crit or critical for critical hit . This usage has gained popularity due to verbing when used as a verb, crit or critical is less cumbersome than critically hit or score a critical ... Smash is called Critical Hit in reference to the concept s use in the Fire Emblem series, the games from which Marth originates. In first person games such as Borderlands video game Borderlands critical ... more details
for the computer adventure strategy game Mission Critical video game Mission critical refers to any factor of a system equipment, process, procedure, software, etc. whose failure will result in the failure of business operations. That is, it is critical to the organization s mission . As a rule in crisis management , if a triage type decision is made in which certain components must be eliminated or delayed, e.g. because of resource or personnel constraints, the mission critical ones must not be among them. According to Tandehill Human Capital, in the human resources field, there is a category of jobs called mission critical. Mission critical jobs are those jobs that help the organization maintain or develop its distinct competitive advantage. Because of the importance of these jobs, they are typically paid a premium to market. When determining mission critical jobs, organizations consider 1 A job s expected contribution to long term organizational success 2 The criticality and or unique contribution of a job to achieving ongoing long term objectives 3 The difference in contribution level between having an average performer and a high performer in the job. Because of the pay premium available to mission critical jobs, the group is typically very limited no more than 5 of all jobs and the entire leadership team must be in agreement as to which jobs are mission critical. See also Life critical system Critical Infrastructure Protection Downtime References Reflist engineering stub Category Management Category Engineering failures Category Maintenance de Missionskritisch it Mission Critical System ja pt Miss o cr tica ... more details
Notability date December 2008 There are certain foreign language s in some countries that are considered to be critical from the National security security point of view. The Security classification classification and listing of critical languages is different from country to country depending, besides Language and National Security , upon several factors. Citation needed date July 2010 DEFAULTSORT Critical Languages Category Languages lang stub ... more details
Expert subject Critical Theory date May 2009 Critical ethnography applies a critical theory based approach ..., D. 2005 . Critical ethnography method, ethics, and performance. Retrieved from http www.sagepub.com upm data 4957 Madison I Proof Chapter 1.pdf ref It has been called critical theory in practice. ref Thomas, J. 1993 . Doing critical ethnography. Newbury Park, CA Sage. ref In the spirit of critical ... frameworks. Critical ethnography incorporates reflexive inquiry into its methodology. Researchers ... inseparable from their context. ref Simon, R. I., & Dippo, D. 1986 . On critical ethnographic ..., critical ethnographers will also attempt to recognize and articulate their own perspective ... bear on their work. ref Soyini Madison, D. 2005 . Critical ethnography method, ethics, and performance ..., critical ethnography is inherently political as well as pedagogical in its approach. ref Simon, R. I., & Dippo, D. 1986 . On critical ethnographic work. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 17 4 ... and analysis. In contrast to conventional ethnography which describes what is, critical ethnography .... ref Thomas, J. 1993 . Doing critical ethnography. Newbury Park, CA Sage. ref History Critical ethnography ... on critical ethnography, meanings, and symbolic violence. In R.P. Clair Ed. , Expressions of Ethnography ... had typically done. ref Soyini Madison, D. 2005 . Critical ethnography method, ethics ... and dialogue on societal transformation. ref Simon, R. I., & Dippo, D. 1986 . On critical ethnographic work. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 17 4 , 195 202. ref Notable contibutors to critical ... Suggested reading Brown, S. G., & Dobrin, S. I. 2004 . Ethnography unbound From theory shock to critical praxis . Albany State University of New York Press. Carspecken, P. F. 1996 . Critical ethnography ... Press. Simon, R. I., & Dippo, D. 1986 . On critical ethnographic work. Anthropology & Education Quarterly , 17 4 , 195 202. Soyini Madison, D. 2005 . Critical ethnography method, ethics, and performance ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Critical variables are defined, for example in thermodynamics , in terms of the values of variables at the critical point physics critical point . On a PV diagram, the critical point is an inflection point . Thus math left frac partial P partial V right C 0 math math left frac partial 2 P partial V 2 right C 0 math For the van der Waals equation , the above yields math P C frac a 27b 2 math math displaystyle V C 3nb math math T C frac 8a 27bR math DEFAULTSORT Critical Variable Category Thermodynamics Category Conformal field theory ca Variable cr tica ... more details
unreferenced date January 2011 Critical illumination or Nelsonian illumination is a method of specimen illumination used for transmitted and reflected light trans and epi illuminated optical microscopy . Critical illumination focuses an image of a light source on to the specimen for bright illumination. Critical illumination generally has problems with evenness of illumination as an image of the illumination source for example a halogen lamp filament is visible in the resulting image. K hler illumination has largely replaced critical illumination in modern scientific light microscopy although it requires additional optics which less expensive and simpler light microscopes may not have. Optical principles File Critical Illumination.svg thumb center 500px The optical setup and light path of critical illumination showing the conjugate image planes of the various optical components. Critical illumination acts to form an image of the light source on the specimen to illuminate it, this image is formed by the condenser or collector lens. This illumination is bright but not always even as any structure in the light source for example the filament of a light bulb will be visible in the resulting image. Homogenous light sources such as a flame or the sun give more even illumination. Alternatively a ground or opal glass diffuser can be used to homogenise the light source, although a significant amount of light will be scattered away from the sample. See also Optical microscopy August K hler Optical microscopy Category Microscopy Category Lighting ... more details
Critical opalescence is a phenomenon which arises in the region of a continuous, or second order, phase transition . Originally reported by Thomas Andrews scientist Thomas Andrews in 1869 for the liquid gas transition in carbon dioxide , many other examples have been discovered since. The phenomenon is most commonly demonstrated in binary fluid mixtures, such as methanol and cyclohexane . As the critical point physics critical point is approached the sizes of the gas and liquid region begin to fluctuate over increasingly large length scales. As the density fluctuations become of a size comparable to the wavelength of light, the light is scattered and causes the normally transparency optics transparent fluid to appear cloudy. Tellingly, the opalescence does not diminish as one gets closer to the critical point, where the largest fluctuations can reach even centimetre proportions, confirming the physical relevance of smaller fluctuations. In 1908 the Polish physicist Marian Smoluchowski became the first to ascribe the phenomenon of critical opalescence to large density fluctuations. In 1910 Albert Einstein showed that the link between critical opalescence and Rayleigh scattering is quantitative http einstein annalen.mpiwg berlin.mpg.de home . External links http www.youtube.com watch?v OgfxOl0eoJ0 A time lapse video of critical opalescence in a binary mixture http www.osti.gov accomplishments nuggets einstein daytimea.html Account of Einstein s work on daylight and critical opalescence, with references More detailed experimental demonstrations of critical opalescence may be found at http physicsofmatter.com NotTheBook CriticalOpal Explanation.html http www.msm.cam.ac.uk doitpoms tlplib solid solutions demo.php Category Critical phenomena Category Phase changes Category Phase transitions fr Opalescence critique pt Opalesc ncia cr tica ... more details
In physics , critical phenomena is the collective name associated with the physics of critical point thermodynamics critical point s. Most of them stem from the divergence of the correlation length , but also the dynamics slows down. Critical phenomena include scaling relations among different quantities ... ferromagnetic phase transition described by critical exponent s, universality dynamical systems universality , fractal behaviour, ergodicity breaking. Critical phenomena take place in second order phase transition , although not exclusively. The critical behavior is usually different from the Mean ... neglects correlations, which become increasingly important as the system approaches the critical point where the correlation length diverges. Many properties of the critical behavior of a system ... of these phenomena, we shall use the Ising model as a pedagogical example. The critical point of the 2D ... we will consider to be fixed. There is a certain temperature, called the Curie temperature or critical ... temperature, it is again zero, with the system fully disordered. Divergences at the critical point The correlation length diverges at the critical point as math T to T c math , math xi to infty ... small magnetic field to the system in the critical point. A very small magnetic field is not able ... system changes radically. Thus, critical systems are very sensitive to small changes in the environment ... stem from that of the correlation length. Critical exponents and universality As we approach the critical point, these diverging observables behave as math A T propto T T c alpha math for some ... T sub c sub . These exponents are called critical exponents and are robust observables. Even ..., by the renormalization group . Critical dynamics Critical phenomena may also appear for dynamic .... Hohenberg und B. I. Halperin, Theory of dynamic critical phenomena , Rev. Mod. Phys. 49 1977 435. ref ... universality classes with different values of z but a common static critical behaviour, and by approaching ... more details
Infobox company company name Critical Software S.A. company logo Image CriticalSoftware.jpg 185px Critical Software logo company type Privately held company slogan Dependable Technologies for Critical ... Technology subsid http www.critical software.co.uk Critical Software Technologies UK , br http www.criticalsoftware.com.br Critical Software Brasil BR , br http www.criticalsoftware.co.mz Critical ... market cap homepage http www.criticalsoftware.com www.criticalsoftware.com Critical Software is a Portugal Portuguese information systems and software company, headquartered in Coimbra . Critical ... the way for Critical Software to provide services ranging from system planning and analysis, to system design , development, integration and maintenance. Critical Software has also provided engineering ... Critical Sub Systems. Overview A spin off from the University of Coimbra s business incubator and technology ... , S o Jos dos Campos Brazil , Maputo Mozambique and other locations. Critical Software supports ... to CMMI Level5, ISO 9001 2000 Tick IT, ISO 15504, AQAP 2120 and EN9100. Critical Software has participated ... news.asp?section id 3&id news 143902&page 0 Critical fornece software a sat lites da UE , Di rio Digital .... In critical sectors, new applications and systems must be intensively tested before deployment ... Critical Links main Critical Links Critical Links is a spin off company of Critical Software. It is the developer ... publisher Tmcnet.com date accessdate 2009 03 19 ref Critical Manufacturing main Critical Manufacturing Critical Manufacturing is a company of Critical Software founded in 2009 and focused on providing automation and manufacturing software for high tech industries. Critical Materials main Critical Materials Critical Materials is a company of Critical Software founded in 2009 and focused in the development of solutions and products in the field of advanced materials for critical applications. Critical Material s PRODDIA is an innovative structural health monitoring and management ... more details
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