The CrimeanSubmediterraneanforestcomplex ecoregion , in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests temperate mixed forest Biome , is of Russia and Ukraine . Distribution The ecoregion consists of two coastal enclaves on northern coast of the Black Sea one occupies the central coast of Crimea , extending into the Crimean Mountains , the other occupies the Black Sea coast of Krasnodar Kray , extending eastward along the northwest flank of the Caucasus . Description The ecoregion s climate and vegetation resemble that of the Mediterranean Basin , with a hot dry summer and a mild, rainy winter. At elevations below 400 meters, woodlands and maquis shrublands predominate with oak, Christ s Thorn Paliurus spina christi , Mastic tree Pistacia lenticulus , Pyracantha , sclerophyll shrubs Between 400 and 800 meters are forests predominate with Pitsundian Pine Pinus brutia , Downy Oak Quercus pubescens , Hornbeam Oriental Hornbeam Carpinus orientalis , European Ash Fraxinus excelsior . From 800 to 1300 meters elevation forests predominate with Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris Oriental Beech Fagus orientalis , juniper woodlands Culture The warm summers and mild winters of the region make it a popular resort destination. Cities and towns in the ecoregion include Yalta , Alupka , Alushta , Sevastopol , kaj Novorossiysk . External links http www.worldwildlife.org wildworld profiles terrestrial pa pa0416 full.html World Wildlife Fund CrimeanSubmediterraneanforestcomplex http www.nationalgeographic.com wildworld profiles terrestrial pa pa0416.html National Geographic CrimeanSubmediterraneanforestcomplex Paleartic temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Category Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Category Ecoregions of Russia Category Ecoregions of Europe Category Biota of Russia Category Biota of Ukraine Category Black Sea es Complejo forestal submediterr neo de Crimea eo Krimea submediteranea arbarmasivo ... more details
The Titiwangsa ForestComplex runs along the Titiwangsa Mountains Banjaran Titiwangsa and forms part of the Central Forest Spine of Peninsular Malaysia . Patches and Roads The Titiwangsa ForestComplex comprises the following patches which are divided by roads running from East to West across the range Greater Belum Forest Patch Lebuhraya Timur Barat Federal Route 4 Greater Gunung Korbu Forest Patch Lebuhraya Timur Barat Kedua Federal Route 185 Greater Cameron Highlands Forest Patch Jalan Kuala Kubu Bharu Raub Federal Route 55 Greater Fraser s Hill Forest Patch Kuala Lumpur Karak Expressway Federal Route 2, 68, E8 Greater Gunung Nuang Forest Patch Federal Route 86 Greater Berembun Forest Patch Federal Route 51 Greater Angsi Forest Patch References National Physical Plan. 2005. Department of Town and Country Planning, Peninsular Malaysia. coord missing Malaysia Category Geography of Malaysia Category Forests of Malaysia ... more details
Crimean Tatar may refer to Crimean Tatars , ethnic group Crimean Tatar language , language of the Crimean Tatars disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Crimean Tatars br Q r mtatarlar image image Image Flag of the Crimean Tatar people.svg 240px Flag of the Crimean Tatar people. br File Tuhaj Bej.jpg 60px Image Ismail Gaspirali.jpg ... Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar , Russian language Russian , Turkish language Turkish , Urum language Urum related other Turkic peoples Crimean Tatars sg. Q r mtatar , pl. Q r mtatarlar or Crimeans ... resided in Crimea . They speak the Crimean Tatar language . They are not to be confused with the Volga ... of Crimean Tatars in Turkey , Romania , Bulgaria , Uzbekistan , Western Europe , the Middle ... . See Crimean Tatar diaspora Distribution main Crimean Tatar diaspora Today, more than 240,000 Crimean Tatars live in Crimea and about 150,000 remain in exile in Central Asia , mainly in Uzbekistan . There is an unspecified number of people of Crimean Tatar origin living in Turkey, descendants ... and Bulgaria, there are more than 27,000 Crimean Tatars 24,000 on the Romanian side, and 3,000 on the Bulgarian ... 2011 The Crimean Tatars are subdivided into three sub ethnic groups the Tats not to be confused with Tats ... not to be confused with Nogais Nogai people , living now in Southern Russia former inhabitants of the Crimean ... retain some Mongoloid physical appearance. History See also Demographic history of Crimea Crimean Khanate main Crimean Khanate The Crimean Tatars emerged as a nation at the time of the Crimean Khanate . The Crimean Khanate was a Turkic speaking Muslim state which was among the strongest powers ... June 2011 ref The Crimean Tatars adopted Islam in the 13th century and thereafter Crimea became one ... from its door because of the chain hanging over. This symbolized the Crimean society s respect for learning ... I Giray the architect Mimar Sinan built a mosque, Cuma Cami , in Kezlev . The Crimean Khanate became ... of the khanate until the 18th century. Slave trade Until the beginning of the 18th century, Crimean ... and Russia. ref name matsuki http www.econ.hit u.ac.jp areastd mediterranean mw pdf 18 10.pdf The Crimean ... more details
Taxobox name Crimean Barbel status regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Actinopterygii ordo Cypriniformes familia Cyprinidae genus Barbus species B. tauricus binomial Barbus tauricus binomial authority Karl Fedorovich Kessler Kessler , 1877 Crimean Barbel Barbus tauricus is a species of ray finned fish in the genus Barbus . Footnotes fishbase Barbus tauricus Category Barbus Barbus stub ca Barbus tauricus es Barbus tauricus nl Barbus tauricus ru uk ... more details
Infobox Former Subdivision native name br conventional long name Crimean Oblast common name Crimea subdivision Oblast nation the Russian SFSR and Ukrainian SSR year start 1945 event start Created from the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Crimean ASSR date start June 30, 1945 year end 1992 event end Autonomy restored date end February 12, 1992 life span 1945 1991 p1 Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic flag p1 Flag of the Crimean ASSR, 1938.png s1 Autonomous Republic of Crimea flag s1 Flag of Crimea.svg image map Map of Ukraine political simple Oblast Krim.png image map caption Map of the Ukrainian SSR light blue with Crimean Oblast red . capital Simferopol latd 49 latm 21 latNS N longd 23 longm 30 longEW E event1 Transferred from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR date event1 February 19, 1954 event2 date event2 stat area1 26100 stat year1 stat pop1 footnotes Crimean Tatars The Crimean Oblast lang uk , Romanization of Ukrainian translit Kryms ka oblast lang ru , Romanization of Russian translit Krymskaya oblast , lang crh Q r m vil yeti was an oblast province of the former Russian SFSR 1945 1954 and Ukrainian SSR 1954 1991 , which was at the time part of the Soviet Union . Its capital was the city of Simferopol . The Crimean Oblast was created from the newly abolished Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Crimean ASSR on June 30, 1945. The oblast was then transferred from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR on February 19, 1954 for more information see History of Crimea Crimea in the Soviet Union 1922 1991 History of Crimea Crimea in the Soviet Union 1922 1991 . Following a referendum held on January 20, 1991 the Crimean Oblast was upgraded to that of an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on February 12, 1991 by the Verkhovna Rada Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR . ref ... . See also History of Crimea Crimea Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist ... more details
Infobox language name Crimean Gothic states formerly Crimea extinct by the 18th century ? familycolor ... language Gothic script unknown iso3 got Crimean Gothic was a Gothic language Gothic dialect spoken by the Crimean Goths in some isolated locations in Crimea now in Ukraine until the late 18th century ... not unimpeachable one was a Greek speaker who knew Crimean Gothic as a second language, the other a Goth ... font size 85 width 100 Crimean Gothic Meaning Bible Gothic German language German Dutch language ... width 100 Crimean Gothic Meaning Bible Gothic German language German Dutch language Dutch Faroese ... , being from Proto Germanic ajja . There are also examples of features preserved in Crimean Gothic ... Crimean Gothic and Biblical Gothic preserve Germanic z as a sibilant , while it became r in all other Germanic dialects. Crimean Gothic and Biblical Gothic both preserve the medial d in Proto Germanic ... in assuming that Crimean Gothic represents simply a later stage in the development of the Gothic attested in Ulfilas Bible. Some innovations in Biblical Gothic are not found in Crimean Gothic, for example Crimean Gothic preserves Germanic e , whereas in Biblical Gothic it has become i , e.g. Crimean Gothic reghen , suuester , Biblical Gothic rign , swister Crimean Gothic preserves Germanic u before r whereas Biblical Gothic has au , e.g. Crimean Gothic vvurt , Biblical Gothic waur i . However, there are also ... stop seen in Crimean Gothic tria cf. Biblical Gothic riu . Several historical accounts mention the similarity to Low German and the intelligibility of Crimean Gothic to German speakers. There are two alternative solutions that Crimean Gothic presents a separate branch of East Germanic , distinct from Ulfilas Gothic or that Crimean Gothic is descended from the dialect of West Germanic settlers ... to this problem, it is accepted that Crimean Gothic is not a descendant of Biblical Gothic. The song .... There is no consensus as to whether it is in fact Crimean Gothic. Other sources of Crimean Gothic ... more details
long name Crimean Khanate common name Crimean Khanate continent Europe region Black Sea country Ukraine ... flag image coat Gerae tamga.svg coa image map Crimean Khanate 1600.gif image map caption Crimean ... Crimean Tatar language br Ottoman Turkish language Ottoman Turkish title leader List of Crimean khans Khan leader1 List of Crimean khans List Crimean Tatars History of Ukraine File Taniec tatarski.jpg thumb left 210px Crimean Tatar soldier fighting with a Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth Polish soldier ... century. Crimean Khanate , or Khanate of Crimea lang crh3 Q r m Hanl lang ru ... pl Chanat Krymski , was a Sovereign state state ruled by Crimean Tatars from 1441 to 1783. Its native ...?q The Crimean Khanate The Tatar Khanate of Crimea ref History Establishment The Crimean Khanate ... Bakhchisaray history en icon ref The khanate included the Crimean peninsula except the south and southwest ... of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman sultan enjoyed veto power over the selection of new Crimean khans. The Empire annexed the Crimean coast, but recognized the legitimacy of the khanate rule of the steppes, as the khans were descendants of Genghis Khan . Ottoman Crimean relationship In 1475, the Ottomans ... Crimean Khans were appointed ref The khans continued to have a foreign policy independent from ... I Giray . He died that year and beginning with his successor, from 1524 on, Crimean khans were appointed by the Sultan. Citation needed date January 2010 The alliance of the Crimean Tatars and the Ottomans .... The Crimean cavalry became indispensable to the Ottomans campaigns in Europe Poland , Hungary ... of Wars of the Crimean Tatars ref Victory over the Golden Horde In 1502 Me li I Giray defeated the last ... are part of the expanded city of Bah eseray. Golden Age The Crimean Khanate was undoubtedly one ... received a fixed share sav a of 10 or 20 . The campaigns by Crimean forces categorize into sefers ... 24157 Historical survey Slave societies ref Alliances The Crimean Khanate also made alliances with the Polish ... more details
The Crimean Mountains lang uk , Romanization of Ukrainian translit. Krymski Hory lang ru , Romanization of Russian translit. Krymskie Gory lang crh Q r m da lar is a Mountain range range of mountains running parallel to the south east coast of Crimea , Ukraine , between about five and eight miles 13 km from the sea. Toward the west, the mountains drop steeply to the Black Sea , and to the east, they change slowly into a steppe landscape. Crimean Mountains consist of three subranges. The highest is the Main range. Main range is subdivided into several massives, known as Yayla yaylas or mountain plateaus Yayla is Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar for Alpine Meadow . They are Baydar Yayla Ay Petri Yayla Yalta Yayla Nikita, Ukraine Nikita Yayla Gurzuf Yayla Babugan Yayla Chatyr Dag Yayla Dologorukovskaya Subatkan Yayla Demirji Yayla Karabi Yayla The Crimea s highest peak is the Roman Kosh lang uk ru , lang crh Roman Qo on the Babugan Yayla at convert 1545 m . Other important peaks over 1,200 metres include Demir Kapu lang uk , lang ru , lang crh Demir Qap 1,540 m in the Babugan Yayla Zeytin Kosh lang uk ru , lang crh Zeyt n Qo 1,537 m in the Babugan Yayla Kemal Egerek lang uk , lang ru , lang crh Kemal Egerek 1,529 m in the Babugan Yayla Eklizi Burun lang uk , lang ru ... passes over the Crimean Mountains are Angarskyi Pass near the Perevalne village, on a road from ... near Cape Aya , on a road from Yalta to Sevastopol . Rivers of the Crimean Mountains include the Alma ... found the earliest anatomically modern humans in Europe in the Crimean mountains Buran Kaya caves ... Crimean mountains.jpg Crimean mountains gallery See also Waterfalls of Ukraine References Reflist External links http www.mapofukraine.net crimean mountains Crimean mountains view on all parts of mountains ... of Crimean mountains from private mountain guide Sergey Sorokin coord 44 45 N 34 30 E region UA ... more details
Image Mangup 15.jpg thumb 300px Archaeological evidence of the Crimean Goths in Crimea Crimean Goths ..., Theodoric the Great failed to rouse Crimean Goths to support his war in Italy . ref Wolfram 271 ... thumb 500px Map of Gothia territory of the Crimean Goths Aside from textual reports of the existence ... numerous archaeological examples also exist, including the ruins of the former capital city of the Crimean ... In the report made by Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq of the Crimean Goths, he claims to not be able ... some others have maintained that the so called Crimean Goths were in fact West or even North Germanic ... steppe. Image Mangup 10.jpg thumb left alt The Ruins of Mangup Doros Capital of the Crimean Goths The modern day ruins of Mangup Doros Capital of the Crimean Goths . The Ostrogoths became vassal ... been speculated that the Crimean Goths were in fact Saxons escaping Christian persecution from the west ... the late fifth and early 6th century, the Crimean Goths had to fight off hordes of Huns who were migrating ... century, Theodoric the Great tried to recruit Crimean Goths for his campaigns in Italy , but few showed ... E common languages Greek language Greek official , also Crimean Gothic language Crimean Gothic , Kipchak ... of Genoa Genoese . Its population was a mixture of Greeks , Crimean Goths, Alans , Bulgars ... Trebizond , and possibly part of its Crimean possessions, the Perateia . Theodore II Gabras , a kinship ... as the governor. Many Crimean Goths were Greek speakers and many non Gothic Byzantine citizens were ... through the Crimean harbours. A narrow strip of the coastal land from Yamboli Balaklava in the west ..., the city fell to the assailants. While much of the rest of Crimea remained part of the Crimean ... 1631 1716 ref blockquote Religion The first report of the Crimean Goths appears in the Vita of Saint ... two reports which refer to the existence of a written form of Crimean Gothic, but also ..., Citation needed date September 2007 the Crimean Goths had fully integrated with the Trinity Trinitarian ... more details
Expand Russian date November 2011 The Crimean Front was one of the Soviet Army front Soviet Army front s of World War II . It was commanded throughout its existence by Dmitr Timofeyevich Kozlov and was made up of the Soviet 44th Army 44th , 47th Army 47th and 51st Army 51st Armies. It also had operational control of the North Caucasus Military District , the Black Sea Fleet , the Sevastopol Defence Region, the Azov Flotilla and Kerch Naval Base. It was formed on 28 January 1942 by splitting the Caucasian front and included the armies then in the Kerch and Taman, Russia Taman peninsulas and the region of Krasnodar, along with operational control of other forces. It was tasked with assisting the troops in the troops of Sevastopol Defence Area, strike at Karasubazar and threaten the rear of the German force blockading Sevastopol. Its troops went on the offensive three times from February 27 to April 13, 1942, but made no significant progress and after a minor advance they were forced onto the defensive. On 21 April 1942 the troops in the North Caucasus were added to it. On 8 May that year the Germans launched Battle of the Kerch Peninsula an offensive on the Kerch Peninsula and recaptured it on 16 May, forcing the Soviet troops of the Crimean Front to be evacuated to the Taman Peninsula. Some troops were unable to evacuate and fought the Germans at Adzhimushkay until the end of October the same year, with no stocks of food, water, medicine, arms and ammunition. The Red Army lost over 300,000 men in the Kerch landings, including around 170,000, and a large amount of its heavy weaponry. The landings failure was also a major factor in the Soviet loss of Sevastopol and made possible the German summer offensive in the Caucasus. On 19 May 1942 the Crimean Front was abolished and its troops handed over to the command of the North Caucasian Front . Fronts of the Red Army in World War II Category Soviet fronts cs Krymsk front de Krimfront pl Front Krymski ru ... more details
The Crimean Karaites Crimean Karaim language Karaim sg. qaray , pl. qaraylar Trakai ... Crimean Karaites has often been considered as something of a misnomer, as many branches of this community ..., one of which was Crimea. Nevertheless this name, Crimean Karaites is used for the Turkic speaking ... of this article, the terms Crimean Karaites , Karaim , and Qarays are used interchangeably, while ... is a Kypchak Turkic languages Turkic language being closely related to Crimean Tatar language Crimean ... for business and government purposes among Karaims living on the Crimean peninsula. Three different ... dialect spoken in Lutsk until World War II , and Halych , and the Crimean dialect. The last forms the Eastern ... languages Turkic speaking Karaites in the Crimean Tatar language , Qaraylar have lived in Crimea ... Crimean Karaites deny Israelite origins and consider themselves to be descendants of the Khazars ... Miller . ref In addition, Karaite works written before that time strongly suggest that Crimean Karaites ... History Karaite Poetry turn of century.shtml a Crimean Karaite poem from 1936 . Whatever ... throughout Crimea and around the Black Sea . During the period of the Crimean Khanate some of the major ... Rzeczpospolita and the Crimean Khanate . Karaites in the Khazar Khaganate The upper stratum of the Khazar ... one branch the Crimean Karaites to Lithuania where they continued to speak their own language. The Lithuanian ... on other Jews. They were, in essence, placed on equal legal footing with Crimean Tatars . The related ..., d. 1936 , a Crimean Karaite agronomist, was elected in 1906 to the First State Duma of the Russian ... Minister of a short lived Crimean Russian liberal, anti separatist and anti Soviet government also supported by the German army. ref cite book last Fisher first Alan W. title The Crimean Tatars publisher ..., in consideration of their racial kinsmen Berger was here referring to the Crimean Tatars . However ... Karaims. Karaims were not subject to mass deportation, unlike the Crimean Tatars, Greeks, Armenians ... more details
Image Crimean 52 Simferopol Alushta Yalta inter city trolleybus in Simferopol.jpg thumb right A trolleybus on interurban route 52 Simferopol Alushta Yalta at the Simferopol terminus station. Trolleybus no. 2005 is a koda Works koda 14Tr. File Angarsky Pass in Crimea.jpg thumb right Trolleybus shelter at Angarskyi Pass elevation 752 metres Crimean Trolleybus Crimean Trolleybus Line lang uk , Romanization of Ukrainian translit. Kryms kyi troleibus lang ru , Romanization of Russian translit. Krymskiy trolleybus lang crh Q r m trolleybus in Crimea , Ukraine is currently the longest trolleybus line in the world. ref name Crimea cite web url http www.blacksea crimea.com Places trolleybuses.html title The longest trolleybus line in the world accessdate January 15, 2007 work blacksea crimea.com ref ref name Murray Murray, Alan 2000 . World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia . p. 41. Yateley, Hampshire, UK Trolleybooks. ISBN 0 904235 18 1. ref It is Convert 86 km mi long, ref Makewell, Roy. Trolleybuses Over the Yaila Mountains . Trolleybus Magazine No. 193 January February 1994 , pp. 2 16. National Trolleybus Assn. UK . ref and runs between the autonomous republic s capital, Simferopol , and the coastal city of Yalta on the Black Sea . The trolleybus line, managed by the public transport company Krymtrolleybus, was built in 1959 in the Ukrainian SSR as an alternative to extending the current railway line in Simferopol over the mountains to the coastal settlements. The line was opened in two parts the Simferopol Alushta segment was opened in 1959 and the Alushta Yalta segment in 1961. The journey to Alushta is about 1 hours long, and the journey to Yalta is about 2 hours long, and costs about 8 Ukrainian hryvnia hryvnia s. ref name Crimea The trolleybus line s route passes through the Yayla Mountains Crimean Mountains across the Angarskyi Pass , reaching Convert 752 m ft sigfig 2 at the road s highest point, then descends down to the resort town ... more details
distinguish Crimean War Crimean Offensive Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 Campaignbox Axis Soviet War Campaignbox Barbarossa Campaignbox Crimea and Caucasus The Crimea Campaign was an eight month long campaign of the Axis forces to conquer the Crimea peninsula, and was the scene of some of the bloodiest battles on the Eastern Front World War II Eastern Front during World War II . The Nazi Germany German and Romania during World War II Romanian troops suffered heavy casualties as they tried to advance through the isthmus linking the Crimean peninsula to the mainland at Perekop , from summer of 1941 through to the first half of 1942. From the 26 September 1941 the German 11th Army Germany 11th Army and troops from the Romania n Third Army Romania Third Army and Fourth Army Romania Fourth Army were involved in the fighting, ref name Atlas p.62, Keegan ref opposed by the Red Army s 51st Army Soviet Union 51st Army and elements of the Black Sea Fleet . After the campaign, the peninsula was occupied by Army Group A with the 17th Army Germany 17th Army as its major subordinate formation. ref p.71, p.79, Bishop ref Once the Axis German and Romanian troops broke through, they occupied most of Crimea, with the exception of the city of Siege of Sevastopol 1941 1942 Sevastopol given the title of Hero City later and Kerch , which was recaptured by the Soviets during an amphibious operation near the end of 1941 and then once again by Germans during Battle of the Kerch Peninsula Operation Bustard Hunt on 8 May. ref name Atlas ref see Kerch in Osvobozhdeniye gorodov on www.soldat.ru ref Sevastopol held out for 250 days from 30 October 1941 until 4 July 1942, when the Germans finally captured the city. File Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild F016223 0024, Russland, Krim, Panzer IV im Einsatz.jpg German Panzer IV tank and soldiers in the Crimea, 1942. thumb right In 1944, Crimea was recaptured by the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front during the Crimean Offensive 8 April 1944 12 May 1944 and its ... more details
Other uses Refimprove date November 2010 Infobox military conflict conflict Crimean War partof Ottoman ... The Siege of Sevastopol 1904 date October 1853 February 1856 place Crimea Crimean Peninsula ... Sweetman, Crimean War, Essential Histories 2 , Osprey Publishing, 2001, ISBN 1 84176 186 9, p.89 ref br total dead est. 50,000 ref Clive Pointing, The Crimean War The Truth Behind the Myth , Chatto & Windus ... 1853 1856. , 2002 ref Campaignbox Crimean War Campaignbox Russo Ottoman Wars The Crimean ... at the time it was sometimes known as the Russian War . The Crimean War is known for the logistical ... Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. ref The Crimean War was one of the first wars to be documented ... of 1848 . File Russo French skirmish during Crimean War.PNG thumb left Russo French skirmish during Crimean War When on 2 July 1853 ref Kinglake 1863 195 ref the Tsar sent his troops into the Danubian ... near the Danube later that month. ref name EB cite book title Encyclop dia Britannica Crimean War year ... Points, the Crimean War commenced. clr Battles Danube campaign Image Mahmudiye 1829 .jpg ... in numerous important naval battles, including the Siege of Sevastopol 1854 1855 during the Crimean War. Image Crimean war 1853 56.png thumb 220px right Map of Crimean War Image Fall of Sevastopol.jpg ... to join the war on the Russian side. Austria remained neutral in the Crimean War. ref Frederick Engels ... the second major battle of the Crimean War after Oltenitza. ref Frederick Engels, The Last ... moved on to the invasion of the Crimea. Black Sea theatre The naval operations of the Crimean war ..., Battle of Kinburn 1855 attacking Kinburn in the first use of ironclad ships in naval warfare. Crimean ... Russo British skirmish during Crimean War.png thumb left Russo British skirmish during Crimean War The Crimean campaign opened in September 1854 with the landing of the allied expeditionary force at Yevpatoria ... of the Crimean War. The popularisation of events elsewhere had overshadowed the significance of this theatre ... more details
distinguish Crimean War Crimean Campaign Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 Infobox military conflict conflict Crimean Offensive partof Soviet German War, World War II image File Eastern Front 1943 08 to 1944 12.png 300px Eastern Front caption Red Army Offensives during 1943 1944 date 8 April 12 May 1944 place Crimean Peninsula , Soviet Union result Decisive Soviet Victory combatant1 flag Soviet Union 1923 combatant2 flagcountry Nazi Germany br flagcountry Kingdom of Romania commander1 flagicon Soviet Union 1923 Fyodor Tolbukhin commander2 flagicon Nazi Germany Erwin Jaenecke strength1 462,400 men ref name glantz Glantz 1995 , p. 298 ref strength2 Unknown casualties1 17,754 killed and missing br 67,065 wounded br 84,819 overall ref name glantz casualties2 57,500 killed and missing br 39,200 wounded br 96,700 overall notes campaignbox Campaignbox Axis Soviet War Campaignbox Crimea and Caucasus The Crimean Offensive 8 April 12 May 1944 known in German sources as the Battle of the Crimea Citation needed date October 2008 was a series of offensives by the Red Army in the effort to liberate Crimea from the German Wehrmacht occupation. The Red Army s 4th Ukrainian Front engaged the German 17th Army of Army Group South , which consisted of German and Kingdom of Romania Romanian formations, in an operation to liberate the Crimean peninsula. The result of the battle was complete victory for the Red Army, and a botched evacuation effort across the Black Sea , leading to significant German and Romanian losses. Setting the stage During late 1943 and early 1944, the Wehrmacht was pressed back along its entire frontline in the east. In October 1943, the 17th Army was forced to retreat from the Kuban Bridgehead across the Kerch Strait to Crimea. During the following months, the Red Army pushed back the Wehrmacht in southern Ukraine , eventually cutting off the land based connection of 17th Army through the Perekop Isthmus in November 1943. Progress of the battle Kerch Eltigen Operation ... more details
wiktionary complex complexes A complex is a whole that comprehends a number of intricate parts, especially one with interconnected or mutually related parts for example, a complex of building s . Complex may refer to tocright Biology Multiprotein complex , a group of two or more associated polypeptide chains Complex taxonomy , in biology, a cluster of species so closely related that they intergrade ... complex , a complex system of organisms and dependencies involved in a case of mimicry Chemistry Coordination complex , also called a coordination compound or metal complex , a structure consisting ... complex , a coordination complex with more than one bond Mathematics Complex number , an extension of real numbers obtained by adjoining imaginary numbers Complex system , a system of interconnected simple ... order behavior Complex analysis , the study of functions of complex numbers An element of a complex algebra or field of sets Chain complex , a possibly long sequence of maps Simplicial complex , a kind ... CW complex , or closure finite weak complex, a kind of topological space, a generalization of the simplicial complex Line complex , a 3 dimensional family of lines in space Other scientific uses Complex psychology , a group of mental factors that are unconsciously associated by the individual with a particular subject and influence the individual s attitude and behavior Synonym for a complex system which generally includes all interactions between elements Complex crater , a type of large impact crater morphology As a name Complex artist , an American Rap artist Complex band , a Japanese rock band Complex magazine Complex magazine , a young men s style lifestyle magazine CoMPLEX ucl is an interdisciplinary centre at University College London into biology and biomedicine Complex song Complex song , a song by British musician Gary Numan See also The Complex disambiguation Complexity Complexity disambiguation Complexity theory disambiguation Theory of complex systems The Military ... more details
The Complex may refer to The Complex An Insider Exposes the Covert World of the Church of Scientology , 2008 book by John Duignan The Complex How the Military Invades Our Everyday Lives , 2008 book by Nick Turse The Complex album The Complex album , by Blue Man Group The Complex Valdosta, Georgia , a multi purpose arena See also Complex disambiguation disambig ... more details
The Crimean War may refer to three conflicts in the Crimea the Crimean War in the 1850s, Russo Crimean Wars between Russia and the Crimean Khanate Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689 part of these wars Crimean Campaign 1941 1942 a WWII German offensive, Crimean Offensive 1944 a WWII Soviet offensive. disambig th ... more details
Crimean War medal may refer to British Crimean War Medal Turkish Crimean War medal Baltic Medal , awarded for naval operations in the Baltic Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages dab Category Article Feedback 5 ... more details
Crimean Tatars The Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People lang crh Q r mtatar Milliy Meclisi lang uk i is the central executive body of the Kurultai of Crimean Tatars , living in their homeland of Crimea , Ukraine . Since 1998 , Mustafa Abd lcemil Q r mo lu ref name BBC http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi europe country profiles 6080890.stm leaders Regions and territories Crimea , BBC ... in 1991, to act as a representative body for the Crimean Tatars which could address grievances to the Verkhovna Rada Ukrainian central government, the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea Crimean government ... declared its sovereignty over the Crimean Tatars, and adopted the Crimean Tatar s national anthem and Flag of Crimea Crimean Tatars national flag . ref name euro cite web url http www.euronet.nl users sota krfacts.html title Crimean Tatar Fact Sheet Chronology accessdate March 26, 2007 author last Altan ... February 4, 2007 ref Also, the Crimean Tatars elected 14 Crimean Tatar Deputies to the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea . These 14 deputies were the first Crimean Tatar representatives in the Crimean Parliament ... Crimean Tatar Fact Sheet Chronology accessdate March 26, 2007 author last Altan first Mubeyyin Batu ... ref On April 6, 2010, several pro Russian Crimean political leaders in Crimea demanded the disbanding and banning of the Mejlis and all other forms of political representation for the Crimean Tatars ... are unconstitutional. ref http www.rferl.org content ProRussia Groups Want Crimean Tatar Bodies Disbanded 2004234.html ref Crimean Tatar organizations have urged Ukrainian President President Viktor ... Crimean Tatar Groups In Germany Appeal To Ukrainian President 2041406.html ref See also Majlis References ... and Documentation of Crimean Tatars Statute on Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people Language icon ru http www.qtmm.org en Official site of Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People Crimea topics DEFAULTSORT Mejlis Of The Crimean Tatar People Category Crimean society Category Politics of Crimea Category Organisations ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2007 Crimean Tatars The Crimean Tatar diaspora dates back to the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 1783, after which Crimean Tatars were forced to emigration emigrate in a series ... Union brought about the final dispersal of Crimean Tatars in 1944, in the midst of the World War ... and 15th centuries, Ottomans colonized Dobruja with Crimean Tatars from Bucak. Between 1593 and 1595, Crimean Tatars were also settled to Dobruja. Frederick de Jong Some Crimean Tatars went to Greece and Turkey . However, the first Crimean Tatar emigration took place after the Russo Turkish War, 1768 1774 Russian annexation of Crimea . Crimean Tatar ruling class mirzas and mullahs sought asylum .... The Crimean Tatars in the North Caucasus were exiled to Anatolia in 1877 1878 together with Circassians ... to southwards, to the Dobruja province. Crimean Tatars immigrated to the Ottoman Empire, where they were welcomed as fellow Muslims and as the populace of the formerly protected Crimean Khanate . The Ottoman territory was called aqtopraq white soil or more probably soil of justice by the Crimean ... s temporary retreat to Medina under the pressure from enemies of Islam . The outflow of the Crimean Tatars turned into an exodus after the Crimean War 1854 1856 , as the Russian government began to treat the Crimean Tatars as internal threats to its security because of their historical relations with the Ottoman Empire. The majority of the Crimean Tatar immigrants were settled in the Dobruja region ... significant numbers of Crimean Tatars perished due to changes in environmental and climate conditions. Although there were Crimean Tatars who emigrated from the mountainous, coastal, and urban parts ... surroundings, who lived largely in closed peasant communities. According to ancient Crimean Tatar traditions ... and Crimean Tatar language language intact almost up until the 1970s. The Crimean Tatar diaspora .... An excerpt from Crimean Tatar Exile Literature is as follows The angry and wild Black Sea roared, Rushed ... more details
Infobox Former Country native name Q r m Halq Cumhuriyeti conventional long name Crimean People s Republic common name Crimea continent Europe region Ukraine country Russia year start 1917 year end 1918 event start Proclaimed date start December 13, 1917 event end Crimean Offensive date end April 13 ... s1 Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic flag s1 image flag Flag of the Crimean Republic.svg flag Flag of Crimea image map image map caption Map of the Crimean People s Republic. national anthem Ant etkenmen spaces 2 small Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar small br I ve pledged small translation small capital Bakhchisaray latd 44 latm 45 latNS N longd 33 longm 51 longEW E common languages Crimean Tatar language Crimean Tatar , Russian language Russian religion Sunni Islam government type ... 1917 1918 stat year1 1917 stat pop1 749800 stat area1 26860 population density1 27.9 Crimean Tatars The Crimean People s Republic lang crh Q r m Halq Cumhuriyeti existed during December, 1917, and January, 1918, in the Crimean peninsula , located in the south of the present day Ukraine . The Republic ... and secular see also Azerbaijan Democratic Republic . In its founding, the Crimean People s Republic ... had caused the Russian Empire to collapse. The Crimean People s Republic was declared by the initiative of the Kurultai Qurultay of Crimean Tatars , which stipulated the equality of all ethnicities ... being outnumbered by the other populations, the Crimean Tatars were for a while the dominant political ... a Crimean Tatar Basic Law, which convened an All Crimean Constitutional Assembly , established ... of Information and Documentation of Crimean Tatars ref This attempt to build a new nation was quickly ... briefly established the Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic on Crimean territory in early 1918 before the area was overrun by forces of the Ukrainian People s Republic and the German Empire . In 1921, Crimean ... Crimean Tatar people az Kr m Xalq Respublikas ba de Volksrepublik Krim ... more details
Crimean Tatars Crimean Tatars in alphabetical order To ay bey Y ld z Ayhan Deniz Agah etin Altan Refat Appazov C neyt Ark n dris Asanin Asan Sabri Ayvazov Murat Bardak Ali Bekmambet evqiy Bekt re evki Bekt re Re at Cemilev Noman elebicihan Bekir oban zade Refat ubarov Cengiz Da c Metin Demirkan Necip Haci Faz l Ismail Gasprinski efiqa Gasp ral Amdi Giraybay Hamdi Giraybay Necip Hablemito lu Abl kim lmiy Abd lhakim Hilmi Veli braimov Veli brahimov Ersan lyasova Halil nalc k mer p i Enver zmaylov Hayrettin Karaca Kemal Karpat Cemil Kermen ikli Mustafa Edige Kirimal Cafer Seydamet Cafer Seydahmet K r mer Dr. Ahmed hsan K r ml Celal Kosay Mehmet Kubay Musa Mamut Ula Mang tl Fact date June 2009 lhan Mans z Abdure id Mediyev Abd re id Mehdiyev Aziz Nesin Memet Niyaziy Mehmet Niyazi Orhan Gencebay lber Ortayl Mustafa Abd lcemil Q r mo lu Zafer Karatay Ervin Qurtbedinov Kemal Qurtbedinov Shamil Salah E ref emi zade Anastasiya Sienina Nevzat Yusuf Sar g l Nesrin Sipahi Abdullah Zihni Soysal Amet Han Sultan Fact date June 2009 Ay e Hafsa Sultan lyas Tarhan Yusuf Uralgiray M stecip lk sal smail H.A. Ziyaeddin Server Djeparov Fact date June 2009 Hakan K r ml See also Crimean Tatars Crimean Tatar language Crimea List of Crimean khans Crimea topics Category Lists of people by ancestry Crimean Tatars, List of Category Crimean Tatar people Category Ukraine related lists Crimean Tatars ... more details
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