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Encyclopedia results for Credit rating

Credit rating





Encyclopedia results for Credit rating

  1. Credit rating

    BB legend cd2626 B legend FF0066 CCC legend c0c0c0 no rating A credit rating evaluates the credit ... such as a corporation or a government. It is an evaluation made by a credit rating agency of the debt ... Credit Rating and the Impact on Capital Structure publisher Druck und Bingdung year 2009 location ... by credit rating agency credit ratings agencies . The credit rating represents the credit ... including non public information obtained by the credit rating agencies analysts. Credit ratings are not based on mathematical formulas. Instead, credit rating agencies use their judgment and experience ... company or government. The credit rating is used by individuals and entities that purchase ... its bond obligations. A poor credit rating indicates a credit rating agency s opinion that the company ... of countries by credit rating A sovereign credit rating is the credit rating of a Sovereignty sovereign entity, i.e., a national government. The sovereign credit rating indicates the risk level of the investing ... political risk into account. ref cite web url http www.forexpromos.com what are credit rating companies and their impact on the economy title Credit rating companies and their impact on the economy publisher ... or quarterly basis. Therefore, some rating agencies simply report short term ratings. Corporate credit ratings Main Bond credit rating The credit rating of a corporation is a financial indicator to potential investors of debt Security finance securities such as Bond finance bonds . Credit rating is usually ... by credit rating agencies such as A. M. Best , Dun & Bradstreet , Standard & Poor s , Moody s or Fitch ... rating agencies Main Credit rating agency The largest credit rating agencies which tend to operate worldwide ... June 2010 See also Commons category Credit rating List of countries by credit rating List of sovereign ... inline Credit rating Category Credit ar ca Credit rating cs Rating de Rating et Riigireiting ...Distinguish Credit score File World countries Standard & Poor s ratings.png thumb 400px Sovereigns listings ...   more details



  1. Credit rating transition

    unreferenced date December 2011 Credit Rating Transition is the migration of a debt instrument from one rating to another rating over a period of time. This migration is either an upgrade or a downgrade from an existing rating. This movement indicates the change in the credit quality of the instrument assessed by the rating agency. The International Rating Agencies such as S&Ps, Moody s, and Fitch assess the credit quality of all the debt instrument in their portfolio and assign a rating to the credit quality. This rating changes as and when new information is available about the obligor s financial health. Uncategorized date December 2011 ...   more details



  1. Dagong Global Credit Rating

    Infobox company company name Dagong Global Credit Rating Co. company logo company type foundation 1994 ... www.dagongcredit.com dagongcredit.com intl yes dissolved footnotes Dagong Global Credit Rating pinyin D g ng Gu j Z x n P ngg Y uxi n G ngs is a credit rating agency based in People s Republic of China China . It is one of the few notable non US based credit rating agencies. ref http finance.yahoo.com banking budgeting article 112029 what is the us governments credit score?mod bb creditreports ref Dagong has given the US debt a lower credit rating A since November 2010 and A since ... agency downgrades U.S. credit rating date 1 August 2011 ref Long term credit ratings Dagong rates ... e.g., AA , AA, and AA . ref name Dagong Rating Scale cite web title Symbols and Definition of Dagong s Credit Rating Scale publisher Dagong Global Credit Rating Co. url http www.dagongcredit.com dagongweb uf rating 20definition.pdf format pdf accessdate 9 February 2011 ref AAA Highest credit rating AA Very High credit rating A High credit rating BBB Medium credit rating BB Low medium credit rating B Relatively low credit rating CCC Low credit rating CC Very low credit rating. C Lowest credit rating ... term credit ratings Debt with maturity dates of 1 year or shorter are rated on a scale from A 1 to D. No intermediate ratings e.g., B and B are used. ref name Dagong Rating Scale A 1 Highest credit rating A 2 Good credit rating A 3 Fair credit rating B Significant speculative credit rating C High default risk credit rating D Default References reflist External links http www.dagongcredit.com dagongweb ... rating agency offers a different opinion Focus On Dagong finance company stub Category 1994 establishments in China Category Credit rating agencies de Dagong Global Credit es Dagong Global Credit Rating fr Dagong nl Dagong Global Credit Rating zh ... traditional rating agencies Moody s , Standard and Poor s and Fitch Group Fitch . ref http ...   more details



  1. Pacific Credit Rating

    orphan date June 2010 Infobox Company company name Clasificadora Calificadora de Riesgo PCR PACIFIC CREDIT RATING File 866066.jpg company type Credit Rating Agency foundation 1993 location city Lima location country Peru predecessor Duff & Phelps industry Financial services company slogan homepage http www.ratingspcr.com www.ratingspcr.com Clasificadora Calificadora de Riesgo PCR PACIFIC CREDIT RATING is a Latin America n credit rating agency . It has been operating since 1993 through its subsidiaries in Bolivia 1998 , Costa Rica 2005 , Ecuador 2000 , El Salvador 2002 , Guatemala 2010 , Panama 2001 and Peru 1993 . It is also currently expanding to other countries in Latin America. With the development of new secondary services, PCR is no longer limited to markets where it has been authorized to function, the ratings agengy can act without restrictions on a global scale. Origin In July 1993, Jasaui & Asociados Economistas initiated its activities as a credit rating agency in Peru. Because of the need for the company to comply with regulations in effect at the time, the agency had to register .... In February 1995, after publishing the Regulation of Credit Rating Agencies in Peru, Jasaui ... CONASEV authorized the first three credit rating agencies in the market. In August of the same year, a joint venture agreement was signed with Duff & Phelps Credit Rating Co. from the United States ... and DCR took place, and changed its name to Pacific Credit Rating Clasificadora Calificadora de Riesgo ... 2001 it obtained authorization as a credit rating risk agency by both Superintendents in Bolivia. Similarly ... a permission to operate as a credit rating agency in Panama. In April 2002, PCR constituted a holding company in Panama and by the end of 2002 PCR S.A.C was acquired by Pacific Credit Rating Holding Inc .... During 2004, PCR launched its Sovereign Rating Methodology for Latin American Countries. In 2005 it joined the International Ratings Group . Category Credit rating agencies Category Financial services ...   more details



  1. Credit rating agency

    Corporate Finance A Credit rating agency CRA is a company that assigns credit rating s for issuer s of certain ... be traded on a secondary market . A credit rating for an issuer takes into consideration the issuer ... of credit rating agencies and issues including conflicts of interest. ref cite news url http www.guardian.co.uk ... s, broker dealer s, and governments. For investors, credit rating agencies increase the range of investment ... finance transactions. For example, a company with a very high credit rating wishing to undertake a particularly ... risk and issue its own debt securities to finance the research. The SPE s credit rating likely ..., this risk would not lower the parent company s overall credit rating because the SPE would be a legally separate entity. Conversely, a company with a low credit rating might be able to borrow on better ... bonds subordinated to other debt. Many larger CRAs offer credit rating advisory services ... a given credit rating for a certain debt tranche . This creates a potential conflict of interest , of course ... bonds before, and has a credit rating above a certain level. SEC regulations also require that money ... NRSRO rating. Likewise, insurance regulators use credit ratings to ascertain the strength of the reserves ... in structured finance Credit rating agencies may also play a key role in structured finance structured ... arrangements often consult with credit rating agencies to help them determine how to structure the individual tranches so that each receives a desired credit rating. For example, a firm may wish to borrow ... is devised, the firm may consult with a credit rating agency to see how it must structure each tranche ..., abetted by credit rating agencies newspaper International Herald Tribune pages date 1 June 2007 ... in a different credit rating. In addition, some CRAs do not rate bond issuances upon which they have ... that high ratings correspond with low volatility and high liquidity. Criticism Credit rating agencies have been subject to the following criticisms Credit rating agencies do not downgrade companies ...   more details



  1. Onicra Credit Rating Agency

    Multiple issues advert September 2009 peacock September 2009 orphan May 2010 tone September 2009 wikify January 2011 Onicra Credit Rating Agency is an individual rating agency in India based in Gurgaon . ref http www.onicra.com ContactUs.aspx ref It is affiliated to the National Small Industries Corporation Ltd. NSIC , and the National Association of Profesional Background Screening NAPBS . Business description Onicra operates as a financial services organisation. Its products and services include Individual Credit Rating , Small and medium enterprises SME rating, Employee Background Screening, Customer Profiling & Rating CPR , Associate Rating and IT solutions, across the telecom, banking, health, insurance, education and auto sectors. The company has been acknowledged as pioneers in this field by the Ministry of Finance in the Economic Survey 1993 1994 . It is recognised and empanelled by the likes of NSIC National Small Industries Corporation Ltd., and the IBA Indian Banks Association , for performance and financial ratings. The Employee Background Screening division is certified by NASSCOM and NDMA. The company operates with a network of over 147 branches, covering more than 500 locations pan India with the help of over 2500 Fleet on Street personnel. History Onicra was established in 1993, by Mr. Sonu Mirchandani, who at the time, promoted consumer durables major, Onida. Mr. Mirchandani observed a transparency vacuum, in terms of lack of credible information on individuals and corporations. Unlike the West, India did not have a credible system to screen financial profiles. Operations began with one office that conducted 10 cases per month. The company now operates with a network of over 148 branches, covering more than 500 locations pan India, and touches over 30,000 unique case everyday. References reflist Category Financial services companies of India Category Companies based in Gurgaon finance company stub India company stub ...   more details



  1. Bond credit rating

    Cleanup rewrite date October 2009 In investment , the bond credit rating assesses the credit worthiness of a corporation s or government debt issues. It is analogous to credit rating s for individuals. Table The credit rating is a financial indicator to potential investors of debt Security finance securities such as Bond finance bonds . These are assigned by credit rating agencies such as Moody s , Standard ... DodgerBlue D Credit rating agencies Credit rating agency Credit rating agencies registered ... rating organization s . The following firms are Nationally recognized statistical rating organization List of NRSROs currently registered as NRSROs A.M. Best Company, Inc. DBRS Ltd. Egan Jones Rating Company Fitch, Inc. Japan Credit Rating Agency, Ltd. LACE Financial Corp. Moody s Investors Service, Inc. Rating and Investment Information, Inc. and Standard & Poor s Ratings Services. Under the Credit Rating Agency Reform Act, an NRSRO may be registered with respect to up to five classes of credit ... dominate the market with approximately 90 95 percent of world market share. Credit rating tiers Moody s assigns bond credit ratings of Moody s AAA Bond Aaa , Aa, A, Baa, Ba, B, Caa, Ca, C, with WR and NR as withdrawn and not rated. ref name MRSD cite web title Moody s Rating Symbols & Definitions ... credit rating is BBB or higher by Standard & Poor s or Baa3 or higher by Moody s or BBB low or higher ... Default finance List of countries by credit rating References reflist External links external media ... Jul 2007 DEFAULTSORT Bond Credit Rating Category Bonds Category Investment ar de Rating ... & Poor s and Fitch assign bond credit ratings of AAA, AA, A, BBB, BB, B, CCC, CC, C, D. As of April ... s width 12 Fitch Credit worthiness ref http www.bankersalmanac.com addcon infobank credit ratings standardandpoors.aspx ref ref http www.morganstanleyindividual.com markets bondcenter school credit ... opinions. The final rating may differ from the preliminary rating. WR Rating withdrawn for reasons ...   more details



  1. List of countries by credit rating

    This is a list of countries by credit rating , showing long term foreign currency credit ratings for sovereign bonds as reported by the three major credit rating agencies Standard & Poor s , Fitch Group Fitch and Moody s . The ratings of Dagong , a Chinese rating agency which has recently received some ... investment grade if its credit rating is BBB or higher. Bonds rated BB and below are considered ... credit rating is BBB or higher. Bonds rated BB and below are considered to be speculative grade ... investment grade if its credit rating is Baa3 or higher. Bonds rated Ba1 and below are considered ... moodys list ref http www.bloomberg.com news 2011 11 24 hungary s credit rating cut to junk by moody ... web e zxzx Dagong Changes Its Outlook on the Sovereign Credit Rating of Poland to Negative ref flag ...?id 108&table web e zxzx Announcement on Dagong Downgrading the Credit Rating of the USA ref ... Eritrea GMB Fitch has suspended Gambia s credit rating after its only traded international bond expired ... rating Fitch Downgrades, Withdraws Libya s Credit Rating FoxBusiness.com ref flag Malawi flag Maldives MLI Mali was given a credit rating in 2004 as part of a UN development initiative, ref http www.un.org apps news story.asp?newsid 10643&cr &cr1 Mali given credit rating under UN development initiative ... a sovereign credit rating by 2015. ref http centralasianewswire.com International Uzbekistan seeks sovereign credit rating by 2015 viewstory.aspx?id 2537 Uzbekistan seeks sovereign credit rating by 2015 ref flag Vanuatu flag Yemen flag Zimbabwe See also Bond credit rating References reflist 2 Finance ... ratings definitions and faqs en us S&P Ratings Credit Ratings Definitions & FAQs Americas ref class sortable wikitable bgcolor ececec valign top Country Rating Outlook Date Ref. flag Abu Dhabi name ... ref class sortable wikitable bgcolor ececec valign top Country Rating Outlook Date Ref. flag Abu Dhabi ... web content ratings sovereign ratings history.xls Fitch Complete Sovereign Rating History ...   more details



  1. Japan Credit Rating Agency, Ltd.

    Multiple issues unreferenced November 2010 wikify November 2010 notability November 2010 The Japan Credit Rating Agency JCR is a Japanese financial services company which publishes credit rating s to Japanese companies, local governments, and other interested parties. The company is one of the Japanese credit rating agencies which the Japanese financial service agency has approved as eligible for Japanese local banks to utilize under the Basel II framework. Category Credit rating agencies de Nihon Kakuzuke Kenky jo ja ...   more details



  1. Credit Rating Information and Services Limited

    Orphan date April 2011 Credit Rating Information and Services Limited CRISL ref CRISL, website http www.crislbd.com Credit Rating Information and Services Limited CRISL , Crisl Website , accessed April 19, 2011. ref is the first credit rating company in Bangladesh . This company was incorporated with the Registrar of Joint Stock Companies in 1992 and Credit Rating Company rules 1996 as a recognized External Credit Assessment Institutions ECAI , ref ECAI Meaning, website http www.smartdefine.org ECAI ECAI Definition , ECAI Definition , accessed April 19, 2011. ref and has been operating as the first rating company in the country since 1995. Rating History in Bangladesh Initially, all credit risk assessments were done internally by SEC Bangladesh Security Exchange Commission of Bangladesh . ref SEC, website http www.secbd.org List of ECAI in Bangladesh , SEC references , accessed April 19, 2011. ref which acts as the regulatory body of the external rating institutions. This scenario has been changing slowly as dependency and trust on ECAIs grow stronger. See also International Ratings Group External links http www.crislbd.com CRISL s website References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Credit Rating Information And Services Limited Category Companies of Bangladesh ...   more details



  1. Credit Rating Agency of Bangladesh Limited

    orphan date August 2009 Credit Rating Agency of Bangladesh Ltd. is a credit rating company in Bangladesh . It was incorporated as a public limited company under the Registrar of Joint Stock Companies in August 2003 and received its certificate for commencement of business in November 2003. It was granted a licence by the Securities & Exchange Commission SEC of Bangladesh for operating as a credit rating company in February 2004. The formal launching of the company was held on 5 April 2004. External links http www.crab.com.bd Credit Rating Agency of Bangladesh Official site. References http www.thehindubusinessline.com 2004 04 10 stories 2004041001490200.htm The Hindu Business Line April 10, 2004 ICRA ties up with Bangladesh rating agency http www.tribuneindia.com 2004 20040410 biz.htm 9 The Tribune, Chandigarh, India April 10, 2004 ICRA, Bangladesh rating agency join hands http www.thebangladeshtoday.com archive May 2007 27 05 2007.htm The Bangladesh Today, Vol. 02, issue 1674, Dhaka, Sunday, May 27, 2007 Standard Bank inks deal with CRAB DEFAULTSORT Credit Rating Agency Of Bangladesh Limited Category Credit rating agencies Category Companies of Bangladesh finance company stub Bangladesh stub ...   more details



  1. Credit rating agencies and the subprime crisis

    main Subprime mortgage crisis Credit rating agency Credit rating agencies played a very important role ... reported in January 2011 that The three credit rating agencies were key enablers of the financial ... ref Impact on the crisis Credit rating agencies are now under scrutiny for giving investment grade ... to management to lower standards. Internal rating agency emails from before the time the credit markets ... rating agency employees suspected at the time that lax standards for rating structured credit ... on the Credit Rating Agencies and the Financial Crisis date 2008 10 22 url http oversight.house.gov ... securities. The proposal would, among other things, prohibit a credit rating agency from issuing ..., prohibit credit rating agencies from structuring the same products that they rate, and require the public disclosure of the information a credit rating agency uses to determine a rating on a structured ... Chart.png thumb MBS Credit Rating Downgrades, By Quarter Rating agencies lowered the credit ratings ... 2007 11 08 ref Actions taken to improve rating approach Credit rating agencies help evaluate and report ... could not have happened without the rating agencies. Their ratings helped the market soar and their downgrades ... ref An estimated 3.2 trillion in loans were made to homeowners with bad credit and undocumented .... Higher ratings were believed justified by various credit enhancement s including over collateralization i.e., pledging collateral in excess of debt issued , credit default insurance, and equity investors willing to bear the first losses. Economist Joseph Stiglitz stated I view the rating agencies ... of the rating agencies. Without the AAA ratings , demand for these securities would have been considerably ... Vtdo Bloomberg Smith Race to Bottom at Rating Agencies Secured Subprime Boom, Bust ref Competitive pressure to lower rating standards The ratings of these securities was a lucrative business for the rating ... 2007, ratings companies enjoyed record revenue, profits and share prices. The rating companies earned ...   more details



  1. Big Three (credit rating agencies)

    The Big Three Credit rating agency credit rating agencies are Standard & Poor s S&P , Moody s , and Fitch Group . S&P and Moody s are US based, while Fitch is dual headquartered in New York City and London , and is controlled by the France based FIMALAC . The European Union has considered setting up a state supported EU based agency. ref The Times , 3 June 2010, http business.timesonline.co.uk tol business industry sectors banking and finance article7142915.ece Europe launches credit ratings offensive ref In 2001, Moody s and Standard & Poor s market share was around 40 each, and Fitch s market share was around 15 the Big Three therefore held 95 of the market. ref Hill, Claire A. 2002 , Rating Agencies Behaving Badly The Case of Enron , Conn. L. Rev. 35, 1145 ref However these figures understate the dominance of Moody s and S&P, since the norm for debt issuers is to obtain ratings from these two, and only occasionally turn to Fitch, for example if Moody s and S&P disagree. ref name Hill04 From the mid 1970s until early 2003, the Big Three were the only Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization s NRSROs in the United States. ref name Hill04 Hill, Claire 2004 , Regulating the Rating Agencies , WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY LAW QUARTERLY , 82 43 , p44 ref References reflist Econ stub Category Credit rating agencies Category Numeric epithets Three bg ...   more details



  1. United States federal government credit-rating downgrade, 2011

    refimprove date August 2011 Credit rating agency Standard & Poor s S&P downgraded its credit rating of the Federal ... http www.foxbusiness.com economy 2011 11 28 fitch keeps us credit rating at aaa cuts outlook to negative ... public debt A credit rating is issued by a credit rating agency CRA . A credit rating assigned to U.S. ... back its debts. A credit rating assigned to U.S. sovereign debt also influences the interest rates ... requirements only to hold debt above a certain credit rating. ref name eye on the economy cite web author ... government enjoys the highest credit rating AAA Aaa from two of the Big Three credit rating agencies ... Debt Ceiling Risks Credit Rating, Moody s Warns url http www.nytimes.com 2011 06 03 us politics 03congress.html ... of policy choices necessary to improve or maintain the credit rating Standard & Poor s takes no position ... Brown, Carrie Budoff url http www.politico.com news stories 0811 60778.html title U.S. Credit Rating .... Michele Bachmann Bachmann noted that Obama has destroyed the credit rating of the United States through .... Citation needed date August 2011 They noted that all three major credit rating agencies S&P, Fitch ... Sovereign Credit Rating On The Government Of The United States , April 18, 2011 http www.standardandpoors.com ... Sovereign Credit Rating To AA On Debt And Budget Concerns Outlook Negative . August 7, 2011 .... This was the first time the government was given a rating below AAA. S&P had announced a negative outlook on the AAA rating in April 2011. The downgrade to AA occurred four days after the 112th United ... rating organization s NRSRO by the Securities and Exchange Commission U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission , retained the U.S. s triple A rating. Moody s, however, changed its outlook to negative ... Goes Negative on US Outlook for First Time  &ndash Rating Agency Doubts Whether Congress Will Move ... on Budget and Policy Priorities . ref Warnings of a downgrade On April 18, 2011, U.S. based rating agency S&P issued a negative outlook on the U.S. s AAA highest quality sovereign debt rating for the first ...   more details



  1. Rating

    wiktionarypar rating A rating is the evaluation or assessment of something, in terms of quality as with a critic rating a novel , quantity as with an athlete being rated by his or her Statistics See also statistics , or some combination of both. Rating may also refer to Credit rating , estimating the credit worthiness of an individual, corporation or country Fire resistance rating , the duration for a passive fire protection to withstand a standard fire resistance test Naval rating , an enlisted member of a country s Navy not conferred by commission or warrant Performance Rating , in computing, used by AMD Ranally city rating system Ranally city rating , a tool used to classify U.S. cities based on economic function Content rating like the following Rating site , website that allows rating Reputation system , a score for a set of objects within the community based on a collection of opinions Telecommunications rating , the calculated cost of a phone call United States presidential approval rating , a polling term which reflects the approval of the President of the United States Entertainment Elo rating system , a rating system used in chess and in other sports and games Nielsen ratings , United States television viewership ratings Motion picture rating system Motion picture rating , categorizes films according to their suitability for adults and children Sports rating system Sports rating , analyzes the results of sports competitions Television content rating systems Television content rating , categorizes TV shows based on suitability for audiences Video game content rating system Video game content rating , categorizes video games based on suitability for players Petroleum Cetane number Octane rating See also lookfrom intitle Rate disambiguation Audience measurement Grade education Star classification Likert scale Parental Advisory disambig de Rating Begriffskl rung es Rating fr Rating pl Rating ru sk Rating sv Rating tr Reyting uk ...   more details



  1. Credit

    wiktionary credit credited crediting Credit may refer to Debits and credits , a type of book keeping entry Credit creative arts , acknowledging the ideas or other work of writers and contributors Course credit , a system of measuring academic coursework Credit finance , the granting of a loan and the creation of debt. It is any form of deferred payment. Credit rating , assessment of credit worthiness Credit score , a representation of credit worthiness Zombie credit , a credit given to a later highly leveraged company left to operate in default by lenders Credit casino , a marketing tool that, when used appropriately, can result in significant casino revenues Credit science fiction , a form of currency in some fictional works Game credits, a count of the current number of games that can be played in pinball and arcade game s See also lookfrom intitle Credibility or cred , for short , refers to the objective and subjective components of the believability of a source or message disambig cs Kredit de Credit id Kredit ja pl Kredyt pt Cr dito desambigua o ru sk Kredit uk ...   more details



  1. Offensive rating

    Offensive Rating is a statistic used in basketball to measure either a team s offensive performance or an individual player s efficiency at producing points for the offense. It was created by author and statistician Dean Oliver statistician Dean Oliver . For teams, the formula is 100 x Pts Tm FGA .04 x Tm FTA 1.07 x Tm ORB Tm ORB Tm DRB x Tm FGA Tm FG Tm TO ref http www.basketball reference.com about glossary.html ref For players, the formula is Offensive Rating Points Produced Individual Possessions x 100 Points can be produced through field goal basketball field goals , free throw s, assist basketball assists , and rebound basketball offensive rebounds . Individual possessions are the sum of a player s scoring possessions field goals, free throws, plus partial credit for assists , missed field goals and free throws that the defense rebounds, and turnovers. References reflist Category Basketball statistics Basketball statistics ...   more details



  1. Energy rating

    Energy rating may refer to Energy rating label , an appliance energy efficiency rating used in Australia and New Zealand Building energy rating Energy efficiency rating , a score applied to dwellings in the Australian Capital Territory House Energy Rating , a building s thermal performance for residential homes in Australia Home energy rating , a measurement of a home s energy efficiency, used primarily in the United States National Home Energy Rating , an accreditation scheme for energy assessors and a rating scale for the energy efficiency of housing in the United Kingdom See also Energy Star , an international standard for energy efficient consumer products originated in the United States Energy input labeling Ecolabel dab ...   more details



  1. Slope rating

    The slope rating of a golf course is a measure of its difficulty for bogey golfer s. The term comes from ... their handicaps would predict. The slope rating of a course thus predicts that rise. The term was invented by the United States Golf Association . USGA definition The USGA states that slope rating is a mark ... golfers compared to the USGA Course rating Course rating and slope course rating e.g., compared to the difficulty of a course for scratch golfers . A slope rating is computed from the difference between the bogey rating and the USGA course rating. A golf course of standard playing difficulty has a slope rating of 113, and slope ratings range from a minimum of 55 very easy to a maximum of 155 ... rules browse left USGA.org Handicap System Manual section 2 definitions Slope Rating accessed 2010 03 21 ref The USGA slope rating of a golf course is a mark that describes the measure of difficulty ... than those of lower handicapped golfers. The slope rating of a set of tees predicts the straight .... A slope rating is calculated from the difference in a bogey course rating and a scratch course rating, more commonly known as the course rating. This difference is multiplied by 5.381 to get a men s slope rating or 4.240 to get a women s slope rating. ref http www.usga.org Rule Books Handicap System ... section 13 3 f Slope Rating formulas accessed 2010 03 21 ref Course ratings bogey and scratch are determined by course raters, who measure and record more than 460 numbers on a course rating form for each set of tees. History of Slope Rating In 1977, then Lt. Commander Dean Knuth, a graduate student at the Naval Postgraduate School proposed an improved course rating system that involved numerical rating of ten characteristics for each hole. These ratings along with the weighted factors for each characteristic provided an adjustment to the distance rating for the course. The method used some elements of decision theory and was intended to be a systematic, quantitative approach to course rating ...   more details



  1. Halifax rating

    Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The Halifax rating was a valuation of the Spanish dollar in the sd accounting system. It set the Spanish dollar at a value of 5 shillings and was established c.1750 in City of Halifax Halifax , Nova Scotia . The rating was 6 pence higher than the actual silver content of the coins should have allowed in order to keep the coins in circulation as there was no advantage to melting the coins for their bullion content. The Halifax rating was used officially in Upper Canada Upper and Lower Canada until 1841 when the gold standard was adopted for the Canadian dollar dollar however, United Empire Loyalists brought the York rating into Upper Canada, where it persisted well into the 19th century despite its outlawing in favour of the Halifax rating in 1796. DEFAULTSORT Halifax Rating Category Currencies of Canada Category Economic history of Canada Money stub ...   more details



  1. Rating (electrical)

    TWCleanup The Rating of an electrical appliance indicates the voltage at which the appliance is designed to work and the Electric current current consumption at that voltage. These figures are usually displayed on a rating plate attached to the appliance, e.g. 230 volt s, 3 ampere s. Category Electricity electromagnetism stub ar ...   more details



  1. Passer rating

    Passer rating known as passing efficiency or pass efficiency in NCAA football is a measure of the performance ... Football League , and one used in college football . Passer rating is calculated using each ... rating in the NFL is 158.3. A perfect passing efficiency in college football is 1261.6. History The NFL s complex passer rating was devised in 1971 by a special committee headed by Don R. Smith, an executive ... Greats Century passer rating.htm title Passer Rating Formula publisher Baseball statistics.com ...?release id 1303 title History Release NFL s Passer Rating publisher Profootballhof.com date 2010 02 07 accessdate 2011 11 15 ref Don Weiss created the passer rating. ref name hof Prior to that, the NFL ... NFL The calculation of the NFL passer rating involves more steps than the NCAA formula. In order to establish a maximum value for an NFL player s passer rating, a separate calculation needs to be completed ..., the given result should be 2.375. This makes the maximum possible quarterback rating for the NFL 158.3. A perfect rating requires at least a 77.5 completion rate, at least 12.5 yards per attempt, a touchdown ... Interceptions Then, the above calculations are used to complete the passer rating math Passer Rating ..., 2.375 math NCAA Passer rating, known formally in college football as passing efficiency or pass efficiency ... the NFL formula, as it lacks limits on the four components math Passer Rating NCAA 8.4 times YDS 330 times TD 100 times COMP 200 times INT over ATT math The NCAA passer rating has an upper limit of 1,261.6 ... rating, as would a passer who only throws completed passes losing an average of 35.714 yards. Limitations As mentioned, both the NFL and NCAA passer rating formulae are only based on completion percentage ... Quarterback Rating Formula accessdate 2011 08 06 ref For example, it does not factor in rushing yards ... called the total quarterback rating which purports to more accurately measure quarterbacks ... total quarterback rating Guide to the Total Quarterback Rating ref Records NFL Aaron Rodgers holds ...   more details



  1. York rating

    Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 The York rating was a valuation of the Spanish dollar in the sd accounting system. It set the dollar equal to 8 shilling s 1 Spanish real real 1 shilling . The rating was named after the colony of New York where it was adopted see New York pound . It was also used in Upper Canada by United Empire Loyalists following the American War of Independence see Canadian dollar . DEFAULTSORT York Rating Category Currency Money stub ...   more details



  1. Type rating

    A type rating is an allowance to fly a certain aircraft type that requires additional training beyond the scope of initial Pilot licensing and certification license and aircraft class training. What aircraft require a type rating is decided by the local aviation authority. In many countries pilots of single engined aircraft under a certain maximum weight 5,700 kg or 12,500 lb, typically do not require a type rating for each model, all or most such aircraft being covered by one class rating instead. There are exceptions to this, e.g. under Joint Aviation Authorities JAA regulations the piston version of the Piper Malibu does require its own type rating. In New Zealand and South Africa there is no class rating, each aircraft model requiring its own rating. Countries which have adopted the class rating system for small aircraft typically require additional training and license endorsement for complexity features such as conventional undercarriage tailwheels , variable pitch propeller s, Undercarriage Retractable gear retractable undercarriage , etc. Starting in 2006, the FAA in the United States requires co pilots second in command, or SIC to have a SIC Type Rating for aircraft requiring a crew of two, and otherwise requires a type rating to act as pilot in command PIC to fly internationally, or over international airspace. This is in order to remain compliant with ICAO . This is outlined in 14 CFR 61.55. Such a type rating is NOT required for operations completely within the United States. Obtaining a SIC Type Ratings is significantly less rigorous than obtaining a full or PIC type rating. An instrument rating is required for some type ratings. In the U.S. some type ratings can be issued with a VFR Only limitation when the type rating checkride was conducted without IFR approaches or operations, but only VFR maneuvers and procedures. This is most typical in older aircraft ... da Typerettighed de Type Rating fr Qualification de type ...   more details



  1. Content rating

    Cleanup rewrite date August 2009 Content rating most often means the suitability to audience of television program TV broadcast s, movie s, comic book s, or computer game s. The introduction of Internet to the global population has revolutionized the way of consuming and gaining access to the virtually unlimited variety of contents. While there is a lot of healthy and useful information on the Internet, there are some materials which may be potentially harmful to young people. Online community consists of not only children, but readers viewers with varying ages, backgrounds and preferences. Therefore, relevant sectors such as the Internet service providers and content providers, have a huge responsibility in carrying out appropriate Content Rating Systems , to protect the rights on adequate information for all users equally. Background Many different rating systems exist. For example, TV Ratings and Advisories, Star Ratings, and various rating systems used in various countries. Some rating systems are more specific than others are. While many finds existing rating systems useful, some ... little or no ability to change or influence either existing rating systems or ratings that are associated ... Content Rating System CRS implementation should accomplish three major goals To protect children ... about obscene and indecent content on the internet The reasons for a rating being associated with a particular content might not be readily apparent from the rating itself, since there may be any ... guidelines, they should adjust the rating accordingly. Also, documented procedures should be applied ... Online Collaborative Writing Community See also Motion picture rating system MPAA film rating system TV Parental Guidelines Canadian home video rating system Maritime Film Classification Board Marvel Rating System comic books Internet Content Rating Association Internet Entertainment Software Rating Board Computer Entertainment Rating Organization Videogame Rating Council Television rating system ...   more details




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