other uses In chemistry , concentration is defined as the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Four types can be distinguished Concentration Mass concentration mass concentration , Concentration Molar concentration molar concentration , Concentration Number concentration number concentration , and Concentration Volume concentration volume concentration . ref http goldbook.iupac.org C01222.html ref The term concentration can be applied to any kind of chemical mixture ... Dilution concentration simple example.jpg frame right These glasses containing red dye demonstrate qualitative changes in concentration. The solutions on the left are more dilute, compared to the more concentrated solutions on the right. Often in informal, non technical language, concentration is described ... of relatively low concentration and concentrated for solutions of relatively high concentration ... of solute. Unless two substances are fully miscible there exists a concentration at which no further ... concentration Mass concentration main Mass concentration chemistry The mass concentration math ... . Molar concentration main Molar concentration The molar concentration math c i math is defined as the amount ..., more commonly the unit mol L is used. Number concentration main Number concentration The number concentration math C i math is defined as the number of entities of a constituent math N i math ... System of Units SI unit is 1 m sup 3 sup . Volume concentration main Volume concentration The volume concentration math phi i math also called volume fraction is defined as the volume of a constituent ... as the molar concentration math c i math divided by an equivalence factor math f eq math . Since ... class wikitable Concentration type Symbol Definition SI unit other unit s mass concentration math rho i math or math gamma i math math m i V math kg m sup 3 sup g 100mL g dL molar concentration math c i math math n i V math mol m sup 3 sup M mol L number concentration math C i math math N i V math ... more details
Mass concentration may refer to Mass concentration chemistry , the mass of a constituent divided by the volume of a mixture. Mass concentration astronomy , a region of a planet or moon s crust that contains a large positive gravity anomaly . disambig fr R pl tion ... more details
During induction of general anesthesia when a large volume of nitrous oxide is taken up from alveoli into pulmonary capillary blood, the concentration of gases remaining in the alveoli is altered. This results in effects known as the concentration effect and the second gas effect . The concentration effect is the effect on the alveolar concentration of the gas which is the one taken up in such large volumes. In practice almost the only non toxic gas capable of causing a measurable concentration effect is nitrous oxide . References http bja.oxfordjournals.org content 78 5 618.full.pdf html Korman B & Mapleson WW. Concentration and second gas effects can the accepted explanation be improved Category Anesthesia ... more details
Wiktionary concentrationConcentration can refer to Science, engineering, and technology Concentration , in chemistry, the measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with another substance Number density in physics, chemistry, and astronomy Ore concentrate , in extractive metallurgy, the product of benefaction with a higher grade than the feed. Attention , the cognitive process of selectively focusing on one thing to the exclusion of others, see Mass concentration astronomy , a region of a planet or moon s crust that is denser than average Economics Market concentration , in economics, the number and production share of firms in a market or industry Concentration ratio , in economics, a measure of market concentration. concentration in solid material such as how much sugar and salt is dissolved in liquid. Games Concentration game , the card game Concentration game show Concentration game show , the NBC television game show Music Concentration 20 , an album by Namie Amuro Concentrate, a song by American rapper Xzibit, from his album Full Circle Xzibit album Concentration album Concentration , an album by Machines of Loving Grace Other uses Concentration camp , a detention center created for specific groups of people, usually during wartime A term used at Brown University, Colgate University, Columbia University, Harvard College, and Saint Olaf College to refer to a type of academic major Force concentration , and concentrate, in military tactics, the practice of concentrating military units Samadhi Buddhism , mental concentration in Buddhism disambig ca Concentraci desambiguaci cs Koncentrace de Konzentration eo Koncentri o fr Concentration he nl Concentratie no Konsentrasjon pl St enie ru sl Koncentracija razlo itev uk ... more details
Refimprove date March 2008 A Concentration cell is an electrochemical cell that has two equivalent half cells of the same material differing only in concentrations. One can calculate the potential developed by such a cell using the Nernst Equation . A concentration cell produces a voltage as it attempts to reach Equilibrium systems equilibrium , which will occur when the concentration in both cells are equal. Concentration cell methods of chemical analysis compare a solution of known concentration with an unknown, determining the concentration of the unknown via the Nernst Equation or comparison tables against a group of standards. Concentration cell corrosion occurs when two or more areas of a metal surface are in contact with different concentrations of the same solution. There are three general types of concentration cells Metal ion concentration cells In the presence of water , a high concentration of metal ion s will exist under faying surface s and a low concentration of metal ions will exist adjacent to the crevice corrosion crevice created by the faying surfaces. An electrical potential will exist between the two points. The area of the metal in contact with the high concentration of metal ions will be cathodic and will be protected, and the area of metal in contact with the low metal ion concentration will be anodic and corroded. sup http www.corrosion doctors.org Principles Cell.htm sup Oxygen concentration cells Water in contact with the metal surface will normally contain dissolved oxygen . An oxygen cell can develop at any point where the oxygen in the air is not allowed to diffuse uniformly into the solution, thereby creating a difference in oxygen concentration between two points. Corrosion will occur at the area of low oxygen concentration which are anodic. Active passive cells For metals that depend on a tightly adhering passive film usually an oxide for corrosion protection, salt that deposits on the metal surface in the presence of water, in areas ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 orphan date November 2009 Dose concentration is the measure of the ratio of the mass physics mass of the drug to the volume that contains it, often measured in units of mole chemistry mole s m sup 3 sup . DEFAULTSORT Dose Concentration Category Pharmacology Category Toxicology med toxic stub Pharmacology stub ... more details
Concentration of wealth often refers to Wealth condensation Related Distribution of wealth Income disparity Economic inequality Income inequality metrics International inequality disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 Financial risk types Concentration risk is a bank banking term denoting the overall spread of a bank s outstanding accounts over the number or variety of debtor s to whom the bank has lent money. This risk is calculated using a concentration ratio which explains what percentage of the outstanding accounts each bank loan represents. For example, if a bank has 5 outstanding loans of equal value each loan would have a concentration ratio of .2 if it had 3, it would be .333. Various other factors enter into this equation in real world applications, where loans are not evenly distributed or are heavily concentrated in certain economic sectors. A bank with 10 loans, valued at 10 dollars a piece would have a concentration ratio of .10 but if 9 of the loans were for 1 dollar, and the last was for 50, the concentration risk would be considerably higher. Also, loans weighted towards a specific economic sector would create a higher ratio than a set of evenly distributed loans because the evenly spread loans would serve to offset the risk of economic downturn and Default finance default in any one specific industry damaging the bank s outstanding accounts. Risk of default finance default is an important factor in concentration risk. The basic issue raised by the concept of default risk is does the risk of default on a bank s outstanding loans match the overall risk posed by the entire economy or are the bank s loans concentrated in areas of higher or lower than average risk based on their volume, type, amount, and industry. Types of Concentration Risk There are two types of concentration risk. These types are based on the sources of the risk. Concentration risk can arise from uneven distribution of exposures or loan to its borrowers. Such a risk is called Name Concentration risk. Another type is Sectoral Concentration risk which can arise from uneven distribution of exposures to particular sectors, regions, industries or products. Financial risk economics ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 The quantum concentration n sub Q sub is the particle density particle concentration i.e. the number of particles per unit volume of a system where the mean inter particle distance interparticle distance is equal to the thermal de Broglie wavelength or equivalently when the wavefunction s of the particles are touching but not overlapping. Quantum effects become appreciable when the particle concentration is greater than or equal to the quantum concentration, which is defined as math n Q left frac M k T 2 pi hbar 2 right 3 2 math where M is the mass of the particles in the system k is the Boltzmann constant T is the temperature as measured in kelvin s math hbar , math is the Planck constant reduced Planck constant As the quantum concentration depends on temperature, high temperatures will put most systems in the classical limit unless they have a very high density e.g. a White dwarf . DEFAULTSORT Quantum Concentration Category Statistical mechanics quantum stub pt Concentra o qu ntica ... more details
In economics, concentration ratio s are measures of the total output that is produced in an industry by a given number of firms in the industry. The most common concentration ratios are the CR sub 4 sub and the CR sub 8 sub , which means the four and the eight largest firms. Concentration ratios are usually ... the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic . ref name amos http www.amosweb.com Concentration ... to measure market concentration are the Herfindahl index HHI and concentration ratios CR n . ref name ... These two are known as the traditional structural measures of market concentration based on market shares . The concentration of firms in an industry is of interest to economists, business strategists and government agencies. ref name quick http www.quickmba.com econ micro indcon.shtml Industry Concentration , 20.10.2009 ref Two common ratios Four Firm Concentration Ratio It measures the total market share of the four largest firms in an industry. Eight Firm Concentration Ratio It measures the total ... from industry to industry, while concentration ratios for other numbers of firms can be also calculated. ref name amos Calculation The Concentration Ratio is the percentage of market share held ..., Wiesbaden 2007, S.8, S.9 11 ref Concentration levels Concentration Ratios range from 0 to 100 percent. The levels reach from no, total, low or medium to high concentration. br ref name amos No concentration ... concentration 100 means an extremely concentrated oligopoly . If for example CR sub 1 sub 100 , we talk of a monopoly . Low concentration 0 to 50 . This category ranges from perfect competition to oligopoly. Medium concentration 50 to 80 . An industry in this range is likely an oligopoly. High concentration 80 to 100 . This category ranges from oligopoly to monopoly. Problems The definition of the concentration ... of the industry. The concentration ratios just provide a sign of the oligopolistic nature of an industry ... a more complete picture of industry concentration than does the concentration ratio. Concentration ... more details
In economics , market concentration is a function mathematics function of the number of wikt firm firm ... alternatively, total capacity or total reserves in a market . Alternative terms are Industry concentration and Seller concentration . ref http stats.oecd.org glossary detail.asp?ID 3165 Concentration ... concentration is related to the concept of industrial concentration , which concerns the distribution of production within an industry , as opposed to a market. Metrics Commonly used market concentration measures are the Herfindahl index HHI or simply H and the concentration ratio CR . The Hannah Kay ... a determination of the relevant market and attempt to measure market concentration within the relevant market. Motivation As an economic tool market concentration is useful because it reflects the degree ... concentration was based on an intuitive relationship between high concentration and collusion ... that predict that an increase in market concentration will result in higher prices and lower Welfare ... to test the relationship between market concentration and prices are collectively known as price concentration studies see Weiss 1989 . Typically, any study that claims to test the relationship between price and the level of market concentration is also jointly, that is, simultaneously testing whether the market definition according to which market concentration is being calculated is relevant ... of the firms that it includes or is made of . Alternative definition In economics , market concentration ... Trade Commission s Horizontal Merger Guidelines is entitled Market Definition, Measurement and Concentration. Herfindahl index is the measure of concentration that these Guidelines state that will be used. A simple measure of market concentration is 1 N where N is the number of firms in the market. This measure of concentration ignores the dispersion among the firms shares. It is decreasing ... as a market concentration criterion. Examples are stochastic dominance and Gini coefficient . Curry ... more details
Infobox VG title A Game of Concentration image File A Game of Concentration Coverart.png caption developer Atari publisher Atari designer Jim Huether engine released vgrelease NA 1978 in video gaming 1978 genre Concentration game Concentration modes Single player video game Single player , Multiplayer video game Multiplayer ratings platforms Atari 2600 media ROM cartridge Cartridge requirements A Game of Concentration also known simply as Concentration is a video game produced by Atari Atari, Inc. and released in 1978 for its Atari 2600 gaming console video game system . ref name gamefaqs cite web url http www.gamefaqs.com atari2600 584641 concentration title Concentration for Atari 2600 work GameFAQs accessdate 2010 08 26 ref The game was programmed by Jim Huether, ref name AA cite web url http www.atariage.com software page.html?SystemID 2600&SoftwareID 1043 title Game of Concentration Atari work AtariAge.com accessdate 2010 08 26 ref and is a video version of the Concentration game classic memory game . It was one of a handful of games that used Atari s keypad controllers. ref cite web url http www.atariage.com controller page.html?ControllerID 4&SystemID 2600 title Atari Keypad work AtariAge.com accessdate 2010 08 26 ref Gameplay The game is played using a matrix of numbered panels, either 4 x 4 for 16 panels or 5 x 6 for 30 panels . Using the keypad, players enter the number of the panels they wish to reveal. If the images behind the two panels match, the panels are removed ... 203&maxPages 6¤tPage 2 title Atari 2600 Manuals Game of Concentration Atari work AtariAge.com ... 5 title Atari 2600 Manuals Game of Concentration Atari work AtariAge.com accessdate 2010 08 26 ref Ports Concentration was also released by Sears for its private label version of the Atari 2600 ... software page.html?SoftwareLabelID 203 A Game of Concentration at AtariAge http www.gamefaqs.com atari2600 584641 concentration A Game of Concentration at GameFAQs Category 1978 video games Category ... more details
In chemistry, the molar concentration , math c i math is defined as the amount of substance amount of a constituent ... title amount concentration, c file A00295 ref math c i frac n i V math It is also called molarity , amount of substance concentration , amount concentration , substance concentration , or simply concentration . The International System of Units SI unit is mol m sup 3 sup . However, more commonly the unit mol Litre L is used. A solution of concentration 1 mol L is also denoted as 1 molar ... causes volume of liquid to increase or decrease. If the concentration refers to original chemical formula in solution, the molar concentration is sometimes called formal concentration . For example, if a sodium carbonate solution has a formal concentration of math c math Na sub 2 sub CO sub 3 sub ... sup 2 sup 1 mol L because the salt dissociates into these ions. Relation to number concentration The conversion to number concentration math C i math is given by math C i c i cdot N rm A math where math ... to mass concentration The relation between mass concentration chemistry mass concentration math rho i math and molar concentration is math rho i c i cdot M i math where math M i math is the molar ... rho M sum i c i , math Thus, for pure component the molar concentration equals the molar density ... Molar concentration is the product of the density of a solution and the mass fraction chemistry ... wikitable style text align center border 0 Name Abbreviation ConcentrationConcentration SI unit millimolar .... The density of water is about 1 g ml, meaning that the final concentration of NaCl by mass will be 11.6 ... 104.3 ml. The molar concentration of NaCl in the solution is therefore 11.6 g 58 g mol 104.3 ... per liter and its molecular mass is 18.0153. Therefore, the molar concentration of water is 55.5 molar. Likewise, the concentration of solid hydrogen molecular weight 2.016 is 88 g L 2.016 43.7 molar, and the concentration of pure osmium tetroxide molecular weight 254.23 is 5.1 kilograms per liter ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date January 2009 Patronage concentration is a term used in marketing . It is the share of an individual consumer s expenditures in an industry that is spent at one company. It is the amount that a person spends at one company divided by the amount that person spends at all companies in the industry. amount spent at one company br br amount spent at all companies in the industry br The amount a person spends at one company is sometimes called the relationship revenue . For example, I may spend 1000 per year at fast food restaurants. If I spend 100 at Wendy s Restaurants, then Wendy s has 100 1000 10 ten percent of my patronage. As long as the amount spent at one firm is less than the total amount spent at all firms in the industry, the customer will be patronizing more than one firm, and patronage concentration will be less than 100 . The goal of many firms is to increase the patronage concentration ratio of its customers to 100 that is make it an exclusive relationship . Some firms set different patronage concentration targets for various classes of customers. This reflects the fact that some types of customers are more profitable than others. This is very similar to market share . Whereas market share describes the percentage of all customers that patronize a company relative to the industry total, the patronage concentration ratio describes the percentage of one customer s patronage going to a company, relative to that persons spend in the industry. That is, market share is the aggregate or macro version of the patronage concentration ratio. Or alternatively, patronage concentration is the micro equivalent of market share. See also loyalty business model personalized marketing relationship marketing Category Marketing Category Strategic management ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2010 In probability theory and statistics , a concentration parameter is a special kind of numerical parameter of a parametric family of probability distribution s. Concentration parameters occur in conjunction with distributions whose domain is a probability distribution, such as the symmetric Dirichlet distribution and the Dirichlet process . The larger the value of the concentration parameter, the more evenly distributed is the resulting distribution the more it tends towards the uniform distribution . The smaller the value of the concentration parameter, the more sparsely distributed is the resulting distribution, with all but a few parameters having a probability near zero in other words, the more it tends towards a distribution concentrated on a single point, the degenerate distribution defined by the Dirac delta function . In the case of a Dirichlet distribution, a concentration parameter of 1 results in all sets of probabilities being equally likely, i.e. in this case the Dirichlet distribution of dimension k is equivalent to a uniform distribution over a k dimensional simplex. Note that this is not the same as what happens when the concentration parameter tends towards infinity. In the former case, all resulting distributions are equally likely the distribution over distributions is uniform . In the latter case, only near uniform distributions are likely the distribution over distributions is highly peaked around the uniform distribution . Meanwhile, in the limit as the concentration parameter tends towards zero, only distributions with nearly all mass concentrated on one of their components are likely the distribution over distributions is highly peaked around the k possible Dirac delta distribution s centered on one of the components ... of where a sparse prior concentration parameter much less than 1 is called for, consider a topic model ... mass. Accordingly, a reasonable setting for the concentration parameter might be 0.01 or 0.001. With a larger ... more details
A concentration account is a sole account used for the internal purposes of a financial institution to facilitate the processing and settlement finance settlement of multiple or individual customer Financial transaction transactions within the institution, usually on the same day. ref http www.ffiec.gov bsa aml infobase pages manual OLM 075.htm Expanded Overview Concentration Accounts , Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council FFIEC Bank Secrecy Act BSA Anti Money Laundering AML Examination Manual ref Such accounts can lead to the concealment by financial institutions of transactions made by customers. However section 325 of USA PATRIOT Act, Title III Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act banned their use for such purposes by prohibiting financial institutions from allowing clients to direct transactions that move their funds into, out of, or through the concentration accounts of the financial institution and prohibit the financial institutions from informing clients about the existence of such accounts and disallows any disclosure that may allow a customer a way of identifying such accounts that the financial institution may use. Section 325 also requires that financial institutions document and follow methods of identifying where the funds are for each customer in a concentration account that comingles funds belonging to one or more customers. References references Category Banking bank stub ... more details
In United States agricultural regulation, packer concentration refers to the degree to which a few large firms dominate total sales within segments of the meat packing industry, which, some farmers and other critics contend, can cause or at least contribute to lower prices for their animals. Market control by five large packers in the early 1900s led to passage of the Packers and Stockyards Act of 1921 P.L. 67 51 7 U.S.C. 181 et seq. . Concentration declined after that, but has increased sharply in more recent years. According to USDA, for example, the four largest firms accounted for 82 of the steer and heifer slaughter in 2000, compared with 36 in 1980. Four firm concentration in hog slaughter was 56 in 2000, compared with 34 in 1980. Numerous government sponsored studies and investigations have been inconclusive on the relationship in recent years between concentration and prices. References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach Category United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Cash concentration is the transfer of funds from diverse deposit account account s into a central account to improve the efficiency of cash management . The consolidation of cash into a single account allows a company to maintain smaller cash balances overall, and to identify excess cash available for short term investments. The cash available in different bank accounts are pooled into a master account.The advantages of cash concentration are 1 Cash control 2 Cash visibility For example, if you have 2 bank accounts i.e. Rizabank and Bank Islam . For each of this bank account, you set a minimum of RM10,000. In the actual account, it appears Rizabank has RM15,000 while Bank Islam has RM20,000. The difference RM5,000 from Rizabank and RM10,000 from Bank Islam will be transferred to Bank Account C. This increases the possibility of using the surplus for other uses. DEFAULTSORT Cash Concentration Category Financial terminology Category Economics terminology Finance stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date October 2008 Wikify date December 2009 Preferential Concentration is the tendency of dense particles in a turbulent fluid to cluster in regions of high strain low vorticity due to their inertia. The extent by which particles cluster is determined by the Stokes number , defined as math St tau p tau f rho p d 2 epsilon 1 2 18 rho f nu 3 2 math , where math tau p math and math tau f math are the timescales for the particle and fluid respectively note that math rho p math and math rho f math are the mass densities of the fluid and the particle, respectively, math nu math is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid, and math epsilon math is the kinetic energy dissipation rate of the turbulence. Maximum preferential concentration occurs at Stokes 1. Particles with math St 1 math follow fluid streamlines and particles with math St 1 math do not respond significantly to the fluid within the times the fluid motions are coherent. Systems that can be strongly influenced by the dynamics of preferential concentration are aerosol production of fine powders, spray, emulsifier, and crystallization reactors, pneumatic devices, cloud droplet formation, aerosol transport in the upper atmosphere, and even planet formation from protoplanetary nebula . Category Turbulence Physics stub ... more details
The Concentration was a coalition of Liberalism in the Netherlands Dutch liberal parties between 1901 and 1918. The Vrijzinnig Democratische Bond , Liberale Unie and the Bond Vrije Liberalen participated. The main issue which united these parties was universal suffrage and their opposition to Schoolstrijd equal financing for religious schools . The Concentration governed between 1905 and 1908, led by the Theo de Meester with support of the social democratic Sociaal Democratische Arbeiderspartij SDAP and 1913 and 1918 led by Pieter Cort van der Linden in an extra parliamentary cabinet . In 1921 two of the component parties, the League of Free Liberals and the Liberal Union form the Liberal State Party Liberal State Party, the Freedom League . Netherlands hist stub category political history of the Netherlands ... more details
In mathematics , concentration of measure about a median is a principle that is applied in measure theory , probability and combinatorics , and has consequences for other fields such as Banach space theory. Informally, it states that Lipschitz continuity Lipschitz functions that depend on many parameters are almost constant. The c.o.m. phenomenon was put forth in the early 1970 s by Vitali Milman in his works on the local theory of Banach space s, extending an idea going back to the work of Paul Pierre L vy Paul L vy . ref The concentration of math f ast mu math , ubiquitous in the probability theory and statistical mechanics, was brought to geometry starting from Banach spaces by Vitali Milman, following the earlier work by Paul L vy Mikhail Gromov mathematician M. Gromov , Spaces and questions, GAFA 2000 Tel Aviv, 1999 , Geom. Funct. Anal. 2000, Special Volume, Part I, 118&ndash 161. ref ref The idea of concentration of measure which was discovered by V.Milman is arguably one of the great ideas of analysis in our times. While its impact on Probability is only a small part of the whole picture, this impact should not be ignored. Michel Talagrand M. Talagrand , A new look at independence ... is called the concentration rate of the space math X math . The following equivalent definition .... math Informally, the space math X math exhibits a concentration phenomenon if math alpha epsilon math ... X n, d n, mu n math is called a L vy family if the corresponding concentration rates math alpha n ... math c,C 0 math . For examples see below. Concentration on the sphere The first example goes back to Paul ... math sigma n A 1 2 math where math sigma n S n 1 math , one can deduce the following concentration inequality ... Lipschitz continuity Median Spherical isoperimetric inequality Talagrand s concentration inequality Footnotes references Further reading cite book last Ledoux first Michel title The Concentration of Measure ... and V. Milman, http users.uoa.gr apgiannop concentration.ps Concentration property on probability ... more details
Time of concentration is a concept used in hydrology to measure the response of a drainage basin watershed to a rain event. It is defined as the time needed for water to flow from the most remote point in a watershed to the watershed outlet. ref C.T. Haan, B.J. Barfield, J.C. Hayes, 1994, Design Hydrology and Sedimentology for Small Catchments, Academic Press ref It is a function of the topography, geology, and land use within the watershed. Time of concentration is useful in predicting flow rates that would result from hypothetical storms, which are based on statistically derived return period return periods . For many often economic reasons, it is important for engineers and hydrologists to be able to accurately predict the response of a watershed to a given rain event. This can be important for this things such as infrastructure development design of bridge bridges , culvert culverts , etc. and management, as well as to assess flood risk. Example File equaltimeofoutflowlines.gif thumb left 400px NOAA diagram illustrating the concept underlying time of concentration This image shows the basic principle which leads to determination of the time of concentration. Much like a topographic map showing lines of equal elevation, a map with contour line isolines can be constructed to show locations with the same travel time to the watershed outlet. In this simplified example, the watershed outlet is located at the bottom of the picture with a stream flowing through it. Moving up the map, we can say that rainfall which lands on all of the places along the first yellow line will reach the watershed outlet at exactly the same time. This is true for every yellow line, with each line further away from the outlet corresponding to a greater travel time for runoff traveling to the outlet. Furthermore, as this image shows, the spatial representation of travel times can be transformed into a cumulative distribution plot detailing how travel times are distributed throughout the area of the watershed ... more details
, causes a smaller stress concentration than the sharp end of a crack. This is however, a temporary ... , but the concentration of stress at its bend increases the possibility that it may break under ... conditions in winter storms in the Atlantic Ocean . Concentration factor for cracks The maximum ... of curvature of the crack tip. A stress concentration factor is the ratio of the highest stress math ... approaches zero, the maximum stress approaches infinity. Note that the stress concentration ... using strength of materials approaches. This is not to be confused with Stress Intensity Factor . Concentration factor calculation There are experimental methods for measuring stress concentration ... stress concentration factors. Several catalogs of stress concentration factors have been published. Perhaps most famous is Stress Concentration Design Factors by Peterson, first published in 1953 ... concentration factors have been derived for infinite or semi infinite geometries which may not be analyzable ... References ESDU64001 Guide to stress concentration data ISBN 1 86246 279 8 Pilkey, Walter D, Peterson ... Glossary DEFAULTSORT Stress Concentration Category Engineering concepts Category Elasticity physics Category Orthopedic surgery de Kerbwirkung et Pingekontsentratsioon eo No o fa fr Concentration ... more details
pairs, and there may be a tie for first place. Solitaire Concentration may be played solo either ... concentration, only the cards are not laid out in neat rows. They are strewn random ly about on the floor. Spaghetti is a good alternative to 52 Pickup . Concentration is not limited to playing cards ... versions, the cards may randomly move to increase the difficulty. See also Concentration game show External links http www.galleus.com Concentration the Memory Games The only concentration game ... requires Java . http www.wineverygame.com memory index.php Memory Game Flash based Concentration Game http www.concNtr8.com Memory Game Concentration Game http www.funmin.com online games memory test ... an open source concentration game written in Seed7 http agrozoo.net jsp GameMemory.jsp?l2 en Variation ...?mt 8&ign mpt uo 3D4 Mandala Memory a concentration game for the iPhone. http eglinetwork.ch pairs Photo Pairs An online HTML5 concentration game with photos from Flickr Hasbro Category Matching ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Concentration Type Album Artist Machines of Loving Grace Commented out because image was deleted Cover Concentration R.jpg Released September 21, 1993 Recorded ??? Genre Industrial rock Length 74 39 Label Mammoth Records Producer Roli Mosimann Reviews Allmusic Rating 4 5 Allmusic class album id r189093 pure url yes link Last album Machines of Loving Grace album Machines of Loving Grace br 1991 This album Concentration br 1993 Next album Gilt album Gilt br 1995 Concentration is a music album by artists Machines of Loving Grace which was released in 1993. The song Butterfly Wings achieved moderate success and appeared on the soundtrack to the film Punisher War Zone . Track listing small All tracks by Machines of Loving Grace small Perfect Tan Bikini Atoll 3 21 Butterfly Wings 3 38 Lilith Eve 3 59 Albert Speer 4 38 Limiter 4 43 If I Should Explode 5 08 Shake 4 03 Cheap 3 38 Acceleration 3 22 Ancestor Cult 3 46 Content? 4 04 Trigger for Happiness 30 12 Personnel Betty Anderson Vocals bckgr Steve Balcom Executive Producer Scott Benzel Vocals Jenny Bernhardt Strings Jim Brady Assistant Engineer Pat Dillon Model Jay Faires Executive Producer Mike Fisher Arranger, Cello, Keyboards, String Arrangements, Assistant Engineer Ilona Vukovic Gay Strings Jim Goodwin Mixing, Mixing Assistant, Assistant Mastering Engineer Karen Goulding Strings Michael Hooker Assistant Engineer Dean Karr Artwork, Photography, Sculpture Brad Kemp Drums Stuart Kupers Bass, Guitar Barbara Mitchell Model Roli Mosimann Producer, Mixing Dino Paredes Artwork, Art Direction, Sculpture Jim Roche Spoken Word Mike Russell Strings Alan Smith Strings Andrew Stewart Bass Howie Weinberg Mastering Category Machines of Loving Grace albums Category 1993 albums Category Albums produced by Roli Mosimann ... more details
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