JPEG compression A compressionartifact or artefact is a noticeable distortion of media including images , Sound recording audio , and video caused by the application of lossy data compression . Lossy data compression involves discarding some of the media s data so that it becomes simplified enough ... date 2011 07 29 accessdate 2011 12 23 ref Technically speaking, a compressionartifact is a particular ... 2009 02 from compressionartifact to filter.html title From compressionartifact to filter ... ref See also commons category Compression artefacts colbegin Artifact error Digital artifact Generation ... artifacts from the most used file formats Compression Methods DEFAULTSORT CompressionArtifact Category ..., the compression algorithm may not be intelligent enough to discriminate between distortions of little subjective importance and those which may be objectionable to the viewer. Compression artifacts ... compression losslessly compressed media such as FLAC or Portable Network Graphics PNG do not suffer from compression artifacts. The minimization of perceivable artifacts is a key goal in implementing a lossy compression algorithm. However, artifacts are occasionally intentionally produced for artistic ... in lossy data compression. Where transform coding is used, they typically assume the form of one ... of the effect of JPEG compression on a slightly noisy image with a mixture of text and whitespace ... in busy regions sometimes called quilting or checkerboarding Image artifact reduction Various approaches have been proposed to reduce the effects of image compression, but in order to utilize standardized compression decompression techniques and to retain the benefits of the compression for instance ..., for instance, have proprietary JPEG artifact reduction algorithms built in, including Paint Shop Pro ref PSP 1 . Video When motion prediction is used, as in MPEG 1 , MPEG 2 or MPEG 4 , compression ... these artifacts vary, looking like swarming mosquitoes. Video compression artifacts include cumulative ... more details
wiktionarypar artifact artefact Artifact s , or artefact s , may refer to Objects Artifact archaeology , an object formed by humans, particularly one of interest to archaeologists Artifact software development , one of many kinds of tangible byproducts produced during the development of software Document artifact, an instantiation of a document Social artifact , a product of individuals or groups social beings or of their social behavior Virtual artifact , an object in a digital environment Errors Artifact error , undesired alteration in data, introduced by a technique and or technology Compressionartifact , when the data compression of an image, audio, or video is too complex, resulting in a loss of clarity Digital artifact , any undesired alteration in data introduced during its digital processing Iatrogenesis Iatrogenic artifact, a medical problem created by medical treatment Visual artifact , anomalies during visual representation of digital graphics and imagery In popular culture Artefact band , a black metal band from France Artifact Magic The Gathering Artifact Magic The Gathering , a card type in the trading card game Magic The Gathering Artifacts album Artifacts album , a tribal ambient music album by the American artist Steve Roach Artifacts film Artifacts film , a 2007 horror film Artifacts group , a hip hop duo from New Jersey The Artifact Eureka The Artifact Eureka , a fictional object appearing in the TV series Eureka See also Artifakt intitle Artefact intitle Artifact American and British English spelling differences Different spellings.2C different connotations Different spellings and connotations for artefact or artifact Magic item , in fantasy, any object that has magical powers so powerful that it cannot be duplicated or destroyed by ordinary means disambig ca Artefacte cs Artefakt de Artefakt es Artefacto desambiguaci n fr Artefact it Artefatto disambigua mk nl Artefact pl Artefakt pt Artefato ru simple Artifact sk Artefakt sl Artefakt ... more details
wiktionarypar compression compressor Compression may refer to In physical science Compression physical , the result of the subjection of a material to compressive stress Compression member , a class of structural ... of volume change resulting from pressure Gas compression , raising the pressure and reducing the volume of gases Compression ratio , a figure of merit of an internal combustion engine Compression geology , a system of forces that tend to decrease the volume of rocks In information science Data compression , the process of encoding digital information using fewer bits Audio compression data , the compression of digital audio streams and files Bandwidth compression , a reduction in either the time to transmit or in the amount of bandwidth required to transmit Compressionartifact , noticeable defects in audio or video that has been compressed Image compression , the application of data compression on digital images Video compression , the compression of digital video streams and files Dynamic range compression , a compression process that reduces the dynamic range of an audio signal One way compression function , a cryptographic primitive In engineering Gain compression , in electronic ... Brain compression , a potentially fatal condition where pressure is exerted on the brain by internal bleeding Bandage Compression bandage Compression bandage , a bandage that uses compression to reduce the flow of blood Intravenous pyelogram compressionCompression in pyelography involves pressing ... pages isbn 88 470 0831 X oclc doi accessdate ref In mathematics Compression functional analysis , the compression of a linear operator T on a Hilbert space to a subspace K is the operator Other Compression ..., please do not shorten the description. Compression zoology when an animal, or part of an animal ... compress Compression shorts Compressor disambiguation Decompression disambiguation Expansion disambiguation References reflist disambig cs Komprese da Komprimering de Kompression fr Compression ... more details
Deleted image removed Image Artifact.png thumb right Artifacts caused by poor signal strength on KYW TV deletable image caption 1 Thursday, 10 September 2009 File HyperGridDigitalArtifacts.jpg thumb A complicated grid pattern is insufficiently processed by a smartphone camera. Image AproposAutismGlitchArt.jpg thumb 200px An electronic billboard is transformed in camera. A digital Artifact error artifact is any undesired alteration in data introduced in a digital process by an involved technique and or technology. Possible causes Hardware malfunction In computer graphics, visual artifact s may be generated whenever a hardware component eg. processor, memory chip, cabling malfunctions, causing data corruption. Malfunction may be caused by physical damage, overheating sometimes due to GPU overclocking , etc. Common types of hardware artifacts are Texture mapping texture corruption and T vertices in 3D graphics, and pixelization in MPEG compressed video. Software malfunction Similarly to hardware malfunction, artifacts may be caused by software issues such as bugs in the algorithms, such as decoding encoding introducing artifacts into audio or video, or a poor pseudo random number generator would introduce artifacts into statistical research models. Compression artifact Compression Controlled amounts of unwanted information may be generated as a result of the use of lossy compression techniques. One of such cases are the artifacts seen in JPEG and MPEG compression algorithms. Aliasing Digital imprecision generated in the process of converting analog information into digital space due to the limited granularity of digital numbering space. In computer graphics, aliasing is seen as pixelation . External links http www.dpreview.com learn ? Glossary Digital Imaging Artifacts 01.htm DPReview Glossary Artifacts Category Information science Category Error Category Computer graphic artifacts Category Digital photography de Artefakt Computergrafik pl Artefakt informatyka science ... more details
of the circuitry. See also Data compression Digital artifact Dynamic range compression Glitch music Compressionartifact Sampling information theory Signal information theory Window function Circuit bending Sound reproduction Noise music References reflist DEFAULTSORT Sonic Artifact Category Sound ...Unreferenced date December 2009 In sound and music production , sonic artifact , or simply artifact , refers to sonic material that is accidental or unwanted, resulting from the editing or manipulation of a sound. Because there are always technical restrictions in the way a sound can be recorded in the case of acoustic music acoustic sounds or designed in the case of sound synthesis synthesised or processed sounds , sonic errors often occur. These errors are termed artifacts or sound sonic artifacts , and may be pleasing or displeasing. A sonic artifact is sometimes a type of digital artifact , and in some cases is the result of data compression not to be confused with audio compression , which also may create sonic artifacts . Often an artifact is deliberately produced for creative reasons. For example to introduce a change in timbre of the original sound or to create a sense of cultural or stylistic context. Editing processes that deliberately produce artifacts often involve technical experimentation. A good example of the deliberate creation of sonic artifacts is the addition of grainy pops and clicks to a recent recording in order to make it sound like a vintage vinyl record . Flanging and distortion were originally regarded as sonic artifacts as time passed they became a valued part of pop music production methods. Other magnetic tape artifacts include Wow recording wow , Flutter electronics and communication flutter , Saturation magnetic saturation , Signal to noise ratio noise , and print through . It is valid to consider the genuine pops and clicks that are audible when ... sampling bandwidth creates a sonic artifact known as an aliasing alias , and the resulting distortion ... more details
merge Cultural artifact date December 2010 Social artifact is any product of individuals or groups social being s or of their social behavior . Artifacts are the objects or products designed and used by people to meet re occurring needs or to solve problems. An example of a common social artifact is a document . The philosopher Marx W. Wartofsky distinguished several types of artifacts ref Wartofsky, Marx W. 1979 . Models Representation and scientific understanding. Dordrecht, The Netherlands Reidel. ref primary artifacts, which are used in production e.g., a hammer, a fork, a lamp, a camera, etc. secondary artifacts, which are representations of primary artifacts e.g., a user manual for a camera tertiary artifacts, which are representations of secondary artifacts Social artifacts, unlike archeological artifact s, do not have to have a physical form see for example virtual artifact , nor do they have to be of historical value items created seconds ago can be classified as social artifacts . See also Cultural artifact References reflist Further reading Habib, Laurence, and Line Wittek 2007 . The portfolio as artefact and actor. Mind, Culture and Activity, Vol. 14, No. 4, ISSN 1074 9039. DEFAULTSORT Social Artifact Category Sociology socio stub de Kunst im Sozialen ... more details
than the electrophysiological structure being studied. These artifact signals may stem from, but are not limited ... errors Sonic artifact , in sound and music production, sonic material that is accidental or unwanted, resulting from the editing of another sound. Visual artifact , in imaging, any unwanted visual alteration introduced by the imaging equipment. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Artifact Error Category ... more details
merge Social artifact date December 2010 A cultural artifact is a term used in the social sciences, particularly anthropology , ref cite book url http books.google.com books?id 4SIXk2bp5u8C&pg PP1&dq The pragmalinguistic analysis of narrative texts&lr &as brr 0 v onepage&q &f false title The pragmalinguistic analysis of narrative texts author Richard J. Watts isbn 9783878084433 year 1981 publisher Gunter Narr Verlag ref ethnology , ref cite book url http books.google.com books?lr &as brr 0&q warrabarna kaurna &btnG Search Books title Warrabarna Kaurna author Rob Amery ref and sociology Citation needed date September 2009 for anything created by humans which gives information about the culture of its creator and users. the article should be expanded, and this sentence would be a good start, but it just is not clear enough without rewriting or explanation. The artifact may change over time in what it represents, how it appears and how and why it is used as the culture changes over time. Usage of this term encompasses the type of Artifact archaeology archaeological artifact which is recovered at archaeological site s however, current objects of modern or near modern society are also cultural artifacts. For example, in an anthropological context, a 17th century lathe , a piece of faience , or a television each provide a wealth of information about the time in which they were manufactured and used. Cultural artifacts can provide knowledge about technological processes, economy and social makeup, and a host of other subjects. See also Social artifact Biofact archaeology Biofact Mentifact Art object References references External links sep entry artifactArtifact Risto Hilpinen DEFAULTSORT Cultural Artifact Category Anthropology Category Museology Category Cultural heritage Artifact culture stub socio stub de Kulturartefakt pt Artefacto cultural ... more details
The Coso Artifact is a spark plug found encased in a lump of hard clay or rock on February 13, 1961 by Wallace Lane, Virginia Maxey, and Mike Mikesell while they were prospecting for geode s near the town of Olancha, California , and long claimed as an example of an out of place artifact . ref name stromberg Stromberg, P., and P.V. Heinrich, 2004, http www.ncseweb.org resources rncse content vol24 2562 the coso artifact mystery fro 12 30 1899.asp The Coso Artifact Mystery from the Depths of Time? , Reports of the National Center for Science Education. v. 24, no. 2, pp. 26 30 March April 2004 ref If a spark plug were encased in a 500,000 year old mineral, this finding would represent a substantial scientific and historical anomaly , as spark plugs were invented in the 19th century. Critics have argued, however, that the Coso Artifact can be explained by known natural processes. Discovery Following its collection, Mikesell destroyed a diamond edged blade cutting through the rock containing the artifact and discovered the item. ref name stromberg cquote In the opinion of one trained geologist, it has taken at least 500,000 years for this nodule to attain its present form and yet, when ..., as demonstrated by examples of very similar iron or steel artifact bearing nodules, which are discussed ... pages url doi id isbn 0 415012 07 4 ref Criticism and analysis The origin of the artifact has been the cause of much speculation. ref name stromberg Pseudoscientific suggestions for the artifact s origin ... visitors to Earth Human timetravel time travellers from the future leaving or losing the artifact during ... of members of the Spark Plug Collectors of America, suggested that the artifact is a 1920s Champion ... Artifact as a 1920s era Champion spark plug, which was widely used in the Ford Model T and Ford ... name cronyn The location of the Coso artifact is unknown as of 2008. Of its discoverers, Lane has died ... Artifact Category Pseudoarchaeology Category Out of place artifacts Category History of Inyo County ... more details
number 1 minutes 1 ref After the crucible of the Big Bang, the Artifact s unique nature protected it. It somehow ... and excavated the Artifact, somehow transported it to Eureka, and encased it in a shielded underground ... date December 2010 Research into the Artifact began at the insistence of former Research Director ... in charge of allowing access to the top secret Artifact, and on occasion has allowed people to view ... 2006 08 08 season 1 number 4 minutes 27 ref The Artifact may have a mind of its own. It cast an energy ... before entering the chamber, The Artifact spoke to Carlson, who told Stark what the Artifact had revealed ... is dedicated for unknown reasons to keeping the Artifact s true nature a secret their agent, Beverly Barlowe , sabotaged an experiment of Stark s involving taking a sample from the Artifact. This resulted in the death of Kim Anderson, Stark s dismissal, and the apparent death of the Artifact. However, the sample was retrieved and kept out of the Consortium s hands. The energy of the Artifact ... 2010 References reflist Eurekanav DEFAULTSORT Artifact, The Category Eureka TV series Category ... more details
Image UML Artifact.PNG thumb 320px Artifact manifesting components An artifact in the Unified Modeling Language UML is the specification of a physical piece of information that is used or produced by a software development process , or by deployment and operation of a system. ref name OMG UML V2.1.2 OMG 2008 . http www.omg.org spec UML 2.1.2 Superstructure PDF OMG Unified Modeling Language OMG UML , Superstructure, V2.1.2 p.197. ref Examples of artifacts include model files, source files, scripts, and binary executable files, a Table database table in a database system , a development deliverable, or a word processing document , a mail message. ref name OMG UML V2.1.2 In UML 2.0, artifacts are the physical entities that are deployed on Nodes, Devices, and Execution Environments. Other UML elements such as classes and components are first manifested into artifacts and instances of these artifacts are then deployed. Artifacts can also be composed of other artifacts. References reflist Refimprove date February 2009 See also Artifact software development UML DEFAULTSORT Artifact Uml Category Unified Modeling Language de Artefakt UML uml stub ... more details
Visual artifacts are anomalies during visual representation of e.g. digital graphics and imagery. Examples in digital graphics File Winxp estk artifact.png thumb A screenshot of a Microsoft Windows XP application displaying a visual artifact. This was fixed in the next release, Windows Vista . Image quality Image quality factors Image quality factors , different types of visual artifacts Digital artifact s, visual artifacts resulting from digital image processing Image noise Noise Screen door effect , also known as fixed pattern noise FPN , a visual artifact of digital projection technology Distortion Silk screen effect Rainbow effect Screen tearing Purple fringing Chromatic aberration Moir pattern In microscopy In microscopy , an artifact is an apparent structural detail that is caused by the processing of the specimen and is thus not a legitimate feature of the specimen. For example, a crush artifact is artificial elongation and distortion when smear test smearing cells or tissue for microscopy. ref Cite journal author Komanduri S, Swanson G, Keefer L, Jakate S title Use of a new jumbo forceps improves tissue acquisition of Barrett s esophagus surveillance biopsies journal Gastrointest. Endosc. volume 70 issue 6 pages 1072 8.e1 year 2009 month December pmid 19595312 doi 10.1016 j.gie.2009.04.009 url ref References File Retinography.jpg thumb A retinography . The gray spot in the center is a shadow artifact. Reflist Category Computer graphics Compu graphics stub ... more details
An artifact or artefact from Latin phrase arte factum , from ars skill facere to make is something made or given shape by man, such as a tool or a work of art, esp an object of archaeological interest ref artefact. n.d. . Collins English Dictionary Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition. Retrieved February 16, 2011, from Dictionary.com website http dictionary.reference.com browse artefact ref . Artifact is the usual spelling in the US and Canada, Artefact in the UK, Europe and Australasia see American and British English spelling differences Different spellings.2C different connotations spelling differences . In archaeology , where the term is most commonly used, an artifact is an object recovered by some archaeological endeavor, which may have a archaeological culture cultural interest. Examples include stone tool s such as projectile point s, pottery vessels, metal objects such as guns, and items of personal adornment such as buttons , jewellery and clothing. Other examples include bone that show signs of human modification, fire cracked rocks from a hearth or plant material used for food. Image Mycenaean stirrup vase Louvre AO19201.jpg thumb right 200px Imported Mycenaean stirrup vase found in the acropolis of Ras Shamra Ugarit , 1400 1300 BC Sources Artifacts can come from any archaeological context or source such as Burial Buried along with a body grave goods . From any Feature archaeology feature such as a midden or other domestic setting Hoard s Votive offering s Artifacts are distinguished from the main body of the archaeological record such as Stratification archaeology ... carcass is a biofact, but a bone carved into a useful implement is an artifact. Similarly there can ... http www.rmcvirtualmuseum.com Archaeology index.html Artifact archaeology Collection at the Royal Military College of Canada Museum in Kingston, Ontario Prehistoric technology DEFAULTSORT Artifact ... ja pl Artefakt archeologia pt Artefato arqueologia ru simple Artifact ... more details
Refimprove date September 2009 Infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name The Eternity Artifact title orig translator image image caption author L. E. Modesitt, Jr. illustrator cover artist country United States language English language English genre Science fiction novel Science fiction publisher Tor Books TOR pub date February 2005 in literature 2005 media type Print Hardcover pages 367 pp first edition hardcover isbn 978 0765353450 oclc 70173603 preceded by Flash novel Flash followed by The Elysium Commission The Eternity Artifact is a science fiction novel written by L. E. Modesitt, Jr. and published in 2005 in literature 2005 . It is set in a future approximately 3,000 years hence, in a galaxy largely colonized by humans but divided into disparate polities who strive against each other in a manner similar to that of modern day nations. Once such group, the Comity, discovers a planet that may be the first evidence of nonhuman intelligent life. The Comity mounts an expedition to investigate this world, and certain of the other groups attempt to interfere in various ways and for various reasons. The story discusses the expedition from the perspective of four viewpoint character s. It details the progress of the explorers and touches on the differences between the various human groups and how those inform their response to this discovery, and their goals regarding it. Allusions References to other works Certain references to technology and to the nature of the human groups suggest but do not explicitly state that this is the universe from which at least some of the ancestors of the Recluce characters originally come. Citation needed date September 2009 Modesitt paraphrases Arthur C. Clarke s famous assertion that Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. ref Arthur C. Clarke, Profiles of The Future , 1961 ref Notes reflist L. E. Modesitt, Jr. DEFAULTSORT Eternity Artifact Category 2005 novels Categ ... more details
A virtual artifact VA is an immaterial Object philosophy object that exists in the human mind or in a digital environment, for example the Internet , intranet , virtual reality , cyberspace , etc. ref Masaki Omata, Kentaro Go, Atsumi Imamiya. A Gesture Based Interface for Seamless Communication between Real and Virtual Worlds. 6th ERCIM Workshop User Interfaces for All October 2000 Dmitry Sokolov, Dimitri Plemenos and Karim Tamine. Methods and data structures for virtual world exploration. The Visual Computer Volume 22, Number 7 July, 2006 Janet Rountree and William Wong. Learning to Look Real and Virtual Artifacts. Educational Technology & Society 5 1 2002 Shahram Izadi, Mike Fraser, Steve Benford, Martin Flintham, Chris Greenhalgh, Tom Rodden, Holger Schn delbach. Citywide Supporting Interactive Digital Experiences Across Physical Space. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Volume 6, Number 4 September, 2002 Malcolm Mccullough. Abstracting Craft The Practiced Digital Hand. MIT Press 1998 Peter McLaughlin. What Functions Explain Functional Explanation and Self Reproducing Systems. Cambridge University Press, 2001. ref Background The term virtual artifact has been used in a variety of ways in scientific and public discourse. Previously it has referred to objects of different nature e.g. image s, user interfaces , models, prototypes , computer animation , http radar.oreilly.com archives 2005 07 cory doctorow b.html virtual books that exist in digital environments. The concept behind the term is rapidly developing and expanding as new phenomena emerge in the virtual domain. History of the phenomenon Imaginary worlds, characters, items, etc. have been described in stories and tales ... in the real world, however, depending on the context, an abstract virtual artifact isn t necessarily ... archived in a virtual environment can be considered as a virtual artifact. Virtual artifacts e.g. ... 2 hi technology 4360654.stm See also Simulated reality Digital artifactual value Social artifact ... more details
beetle see Scarab artifact was a protector of written products. The scarab was also used as a holder ... Scarab hieroglyph DEFAULTSORT Scarab Artifact Category Egyptian artefact types Category Ancient Egyptian ... more details
The Kingoodie artifact is an object with the characteristics of a corroded iron nail fastener nail found in a block of sandstone in 1844 in the Kingoodie Quarry in Kingoodie , Scotland . David Brewster reported to the British Association that the nail was found when a rough block of stone was being prepared for ore dressing dressing . The nail was discovered when the overlying clay was cleared from the stone, with half an inch 12.7 mm of the nail projecting into the clay and the remainder of the nail lying along the surface of the stone to within an inch of the head which went down into the stone. It is not known from what part of the quarry the stone came from, and it was handled at least four or five times between being found in the quarry and moved to where it was dressed. ref cite journal last Brewster first Sir David authorlink Sir David Brewster coauthors title Queries and Statements concerning a Nail found imbedded in a Block of Sandstone obtained from Kingoodie Mylnfield Quarry, North Britain journal Report of the Fourteenth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science volume issue pages 51 publisher John Murray publisher John Murray location London year 1845 url http books.google.co.uk books?id R9k4AAAAMAAJ&pg RA1 PA51 v onepage&q &f false doi id accessdate 2008 02 03 ref There are, however, few references to this object, and the mysteries surrounding its discovery were typical for the nineteenth century. Most such mysteries were resolved by the twentieth century. ref cite web work Bad Archaeology title A nail in Devonian sandstone from Kingoodie, Scotland author Keith Fitzpatrick Matthews and James Doeser date 2007 08 19 url http badarchaeology.net. data ooparts kingoodie.php ref Notes references Category Out of place artifacts Category Pseudoarchaeology es Martillo de Kingoodie ... more details
technique Lossy and lossless compression Image compression may be lossy compression lossy or lossless compression lossless . Lossless compression is preferred for archival purposes and often for medical imaging, technical drawings, clip art , or comics. This is because lossy compression methods, especially when used at low bit rate s, introduce compressionartifact s. Lossy methods are especially ...nofootnotes date April 2010 The objective of image compression is to reduce irrelevance and redundancy ... loss of fidelity is acceptable to achieve a substantial reduction in bit rate. The lossy compression that produces imperceptible differences may be called visually lossless compression visually lossless . Methods for lossless image compression are Run length encoding used as default method in PCX and as one ... code s Methods for lossy compression Reducing the color space encoding color space to the most ... image processing quantization and entropy coding . Fractal compression . Other properties The best image quality at a given bit rate or compression rate is the main goal of image compression, however, there are other important properties of image compression schemes Scalability generally refers ... compression . Other names for scalability are progressive coding or embedded bitstreams . Despite ..., and author or copyright information. Processing power . Compression algorithms require different amounts of processing power to encode and decode. Some high compression algorithms require high processing power. The quality of a compression method often is measured by the Peak signal to noise ratio . It measures the amount of noise introduced through a lossy compression of the image, however ...?docid 163332982698249627 MIT Linear Algebra Lecture on Image Compression at Google Video, from MIT OpenCourseWare ... Image compression A study about image compression Image compression basics and comparing different compression methods like JPEG2000, JPEG and JPEG XR HD Photo http dvd hq.info data compression.php ... more details
eye or ear are known as compressionartifact s. Compression ratio The compression ratio that is, the size ... Original image small lossless data compression lossless Portable Network Graphics PNG , 60.1 kilobyte ... compression small 84 less information than uncompressed PNG, 9.37 KB small image3 LossyDemonstration 92less.jpg caption3 Medium compression small 92 less information than uncompressed PNG, 4.82 KB small image4 LossyDemonstration 98less.jpg caption4 High compression small 98 less information than uncompressed PNG, 1.14 KB small In information technology , lossy compression is a data compression data ... to be noticed by the user. Lossy compression is most commonly used to compress multimedia data ... such as streaming media and VOIP internet telephony . By contrast, lossless data compression lossless compression is required for text and data files, such as bank records and text articles. In many ... image on a web page. Lossy and lossless compression It is possible to compress many types of digital .... Developing lossy compression techniques as closely matched to human perception as possible is a complex ..., lossy compression can be thought of as an application of transform coding in the case of multimedia ... more accurately to human audio perception. While data reduction compression, be it lossy or lossless ... bit rate and depth. This compression becomes a selective loss of the least significant data, rather ... to each component. Information loss Lossy compression formats suffer from generation loss repeatedly ... with lossless data compression , where data will not be lost via the use of such a procedure. information theory Information theoretical foundations for lossy data compression are provided by rate ... compression schemes In lossy transform codec s , samples of picture or sound are taken, chopped into small ... data compression lossless methods is that in some cases a lossy method can produce a much smaller ... past very minor errors or inconsistencies ideally lossy compression is Transparency data compression ... more details
Audio compression may refer to Audio compression data , a type of lossy compression in which the amount of data in a recorded waveform is reduced for transmission with some loss of quality, used in CD and MP3 encoding, Internet radio, and the like Dynamic range compression , also called audio level compression, in which the dynamic range, the difference between loud and quiet, of an audio waveform is reduced disambig zh ... more details
Expert subject Computing date May 2011 Adaptive compression is a type of data compression which changes compression algorithm s based on the type of data being compressed. ref name PCMag Cite web url http www.pcmag.com encyclopedia term 0,2542,t adaptive compression&i 37503,00.asp work PC Magizine Encyclopedia title Adaptive compression accessdate 21 April 2011 ref References reflist Category Data compression Computing stub ... more details
Speech compression may mean different things Speech encoding refers to compression for transmission or storage, possibly to an unintelligible state, with decompression used prior to playback. Time compressed speech refers to voice compression for immediate playback, without any decompression so that the final speech sounds faster to the listener . disambig ... more details
Cord compression may refer to Spinal cord compression Umbilical cord compression disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Compression therapy may refer to Attachment therapy , a loosely identified category of mental health interventions Cold compression therapy , to reduce pain and swelling from a sports or activity injury disambig ... more details
Texture compression is a specialized form of image compression designed for storing texture map s in 3D computer graphics rendering systems. Unlike conventional image compression algorithms, texture compression algorithms are optimized for random access . How it works In their seminal paper on http graphics.stanford.edu projects flashg papers texture compression texture compression ref Citation author Andrew Beers coauthors Maneesh Agrawala, Navin Chaddha title Rendering from Compressed Textures journal Computer Graphics, Proc. SIGGRAPH year 1996 pages 373 378 ref , Beers, Agrawala and Chaddha list four features that tend to differentiate texture compression from other image compression techniques. These features are Decoding Speed It is highly desirable to be able to render directly from the compressed texture data and so, in order not to impact rendering performance, decompression must ... , any texture compression scheme must allow fast random access to decompressed texture data. This tends to rule out image compression schemes such as JPEG or Run length encoding . Compression Rate and Visual Quality In a rendering system, lossy compression can be more tolerable than for other use cases. Encoding Speed Texture compression is more tolerant of asymmetric encoding decoding rates as the encoding ..., most texture compression algorithms involve some form of fixed rate lossy compression lossy vector ... maps, texture compression may also be used to encode other kinds of rendering map, including bump map s and normal mapping surface normal map s. Texture compression may also be used together with other ... of practical texture compression systems are S3 Texture Compression , PVRTC and Ericsson Texture Compression . OpenGL and OpenGL ES, as implemented on many video accelerator cards and mobile GPUs, can support multiple common kinds of texture compression generally through the use of vendor extensions ... Compression Category Texture compression compu graphics stub es Compresi n de texturas ... more details
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