Infobox Nerve Name Chordatympani Latin GraySubject 231 GrayPage 1047 Image Gray912.png Caption The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chordatympani, viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Innervates BranchFrom facial nerve BranchTo MeshName ChordaTympani Nerve MeshNumber A08.800.800.120.250.120 DorlandsPre c 31 DorlandsSuf 12236891 The chordatympani is a nerve that branches from the facial nerve cranial nerve VII inside the facial canal , just before the facial nerve exits the skull via the Stylomastoid foramen . It serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue , runs through the middle ear , and carries taste messages to the brain. The chordatympani is part of one ... loop, with each nerve acting to inhibit the signals of other nerves. The chordatympani appears ... in the tongue. When the chordatympani is damaged, its inhibitory function is disrupted, leading to less inhibited activity in the other nerves. Nerve fibers The chordatympani carries two types of nerve ..., which when stimulated, cause a dilatation of blood vessels of the tongue. File Chordatympani nerve.jpg thumb right 300px Chordatympani nerve Path Enters the skull through the internal acoustic ... lingual nerve , a branch of the mandibular nerve The fibers of the chordatympani travel with the lingual nerve to the submandibular ganglion . Here, the preganglionic fibers of the chordatympani ... enlarged. Image Chordatympani nerve 2.jpg Dissection of chordatympani nerve gallery ... GrossAnatomy h n cn cn1 cnb7c.htm EMedicineDictionary Chordatympani NormanAnatomy cranialnerves ... nerves DEFAULTSORT ChordaTympani Category Cranial nerves Category Ear neuroscience stub de Chordatympani nl Chordatympani pl Struna b benkowa sr ... and sublingual gland sublingual salivary glands. Special sensory taste fibers also extend from the chordatympani to the anterior 2 3 of the tongue via the lingual nerve. Additional images gallery ... more details
taxobox regnum Chromalveolata phylum Heterokont ophyta classis Brown algae Phaeophyceae ordo Laminariales familia Chordaceae familia authority Dumortier, 1822 genus Chorda genus authority Stackhouse, 1797 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Chorda filum br Chorda rigida Chorda is a genus of thalloid brown algae including two species. Its members are known by a number of common names. ref group note Recorded common names are mermaid s fishing line, tsurumo, ru lach, doruithe briain, sea laces, mermaids line, rocc lach, ruadh lach, gemeine meersaite, bootlace weed, seatwine, zottige meersaite, dead men s ropes, mermaid s tresses, cat gut and sea lace. ref Species The valid species currently considered to belong to this genus are C. filum C. rigida Notes references group note References refbegin cite web last Guiry first M.D. last2 Guiry first2 G.M. year 2008 title Chorda work AlgaeBase publisher World wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway url http www.algaebase.org search genus detail ?genus id 37367 accessdate 2009 04 19 references refend External links http www.algaebase.org search pictures ?currentMethod imgs&fromSearch yes&displayCount 20&query Chorda Images of Chorda at Algaebase phaeophyceae stub Category Laminariales sv Sudare ... more details
Taxobox name Sympistis chorda image image width 204px image caption regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Lepidoptera familia Noctuidae tribus genus Sympistis species S. chorda binomial Sympistis chorda binomial authority Grote, 1880 synonyms Oncocnemis chorda Oncocnemis refecta Sympistis chorda is a moth of the Noctuidae family. It is found from British Columbia , south to California . It was formerly known as Oncocnemis chorda , but was transferred to the Sympistis genus in 2008. The wingspan is about 32 mm. Subspecies The following subspecies are recognised Sympistis chordachorda Sympistis chorda extremis External links http mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu species.php?hodges 10113 Images at mothphotographersgroup Category Sympistis Sympistis stub vi Sympistis chorda ... more details
Use dmy dates date April 2011 Infobox football biography image Image Replace this image male.svg 150px caption only free content images are allowed for depicting living people see WP NONFREE name Andr Chorda fullname Andr Chorda height birth date birth date and age df y 1938 2 20 birth place Charleval, Eure Charleval , Eure, France death date 1998 death place position Defender football Defender youthyears1 youthclubs1 OGC Nice years1 1957 1962 years2 1962 1969 years3 1970 1974 clubs1 OGC Nice clubs2 Girondins de Bordeaux clubs3 OGC Nice caps1 132 caps2 220 caps3 132 goals1 2 goals2 12 goals3 3 nationalyears1 1960 1966 nationalteam1 France national football team France nationalcaps1 24 nationalgoals1 0 manageryears1 managerclubs1 Andr Chorda born 20 February 1938 dead 1998 is a French former association football football Defender football defender .He played for France national football team France in the FIFA World Cup 1966 . Titles Ligue 1 French championship in 1959 with OGC Nice References http www.fff.fr servfff historique historique.php?cherche joueur chorda&submit go Profile on French federation official site http www.lequipe.fr Football FootballFicheJoueur9341.html Stats at lequipe.fr France Squad 1960 European Nations Cup France Squad 1966 World Cup Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Chorda, Andre ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 20 February 1938 PLACE OF BIRTH Charleval, Eure Charleval , Eure, France DATE OF DEATH 1998 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Chorda, Andre Category 1938 births Category 1998 deaths Category French footballers Category France international footballers Category Association football defenders Category OGC Nice players Category FC Girondins de Bordeaux players Category Ligue 1 players Category UEFA Euro 1960 players Category 1966 FIFA World Cup players ar da Andr Chorda de Andr Chorda fr Andr Chorda it Andr Chorda pl Andr Chorda pt Andr Chorda ... more details
taxobox image regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots unranked ordo Commelinids ordo Poales familia Bromeliaceae subfamilia Pitcairnioideae genus Pitcairnia species P. tympani binomial Pitcairnia tympani binomial authority L.B. Smith Pitcairnia tympani is a species biology species of the genus biology genus Pitcairnia . This species is Endemism endemic to Venezuela . References http www.selby.org index.php?src gendocs&link bic venbro2&category Research Checklist of Venezuelan Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution by State and Levels of Endemism retrieved 3 November 2009 Category Pitcairnia tympani Category Bromeliaceae species Category Flora of Venezuela Pitcairnia stub ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin GraySubject 232 GrayPage 1050 Image Gray921.png Caption Interior of right osseous labyrinth. Scala tympani labeled at right, inside cochlea . Width 300 Image2 Cochlea crosssection.png Caption2 Cross section of the cochlea scala tympani labeled at bottom System MeshName Scala Tympani MeshNumber A09.246.631.246.848 DorlandsPre s 03 DorlandsSuf 12721078 Scala tympani is one of the perilymph filled cavities in the cochlear labyrinth of the human ear. It is separated from the scala media by the basilar membrane , and it extends from the round window to the helicotrema , where it continues as scala vestibuli . The purpose of the perilymph filled scala tympani and scala vestibuli is to transduce the movement of air that causes the tympanic membrane and the ossicles to vibrate, to movement of liquid and the basilar membrane . This movement is conveyed to the organ of Corti inside the scala media, composed of hair cell s attached to the basilar membrane and their stereocilia embedded in the tectorial membrane . The movement of the basilar membrane compared to the tectorial membrane causes the sterocilia to bend. They then Depolarization depolarise and send impulses to the brain via the cochlear nerve . This produces the sensation of sound . Additional images gallery Image Gray903.png Transverse section of the cochlear duct of a fetal cat. Image Gray923.png The cochlea and vestibule, viewed from above. Image Gray928.png Diagrammatic longitudinal section of the cochlea. gallery External links http www.kumc.edu instruction medicine anatomy histoweb eye ear ear03.htm Slide from University of Kansas http anatomy.iupui.edu courses histo D502 D502f04 lecture.f04 Earf04 cochlea.jpg Diagram at IUPUI eMedicineDictionary Scala tympani http faculty.une.edu com abell histo cochleaw.jpg Image at University of New England, Maine anatomy stub Auditory system Category Auditory system Category Ear ca Rampa timp nica gl Scala tympani ... more details
File Tensor tympani muscle.jpg thumb Insertion of the tensor tympani muscle onto the malleus. . AA two fibrous collagenic layers B pidermis C mucous membrane D head of malleus E uncus F stapes G tensor tympani H lateral process of malleus I Manubrium of malleus J stapes muscle. Infobox Muscle Name PAGENAME Latin musculus tensor tympani GraySubject 231 GrayPage 1046 Image Gray912.png Caption The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chordatympani , viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Image2 Musculustensortympani.png Caption2 The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity , lateral view. Label for Tensor tympani muscle is at right, second from bottom. Origin auditory tube Insertion handle of the malleus Blood superior tympanic artery Nerve medial pterygoid nerve from the mandibular nerve V3 Action tensing the tympanic membrane DorlandsPre m 22 DorlandsSuf 12551096 The tensor tympani , the larger of the two muscles of the tympanic ... , an increased activity develops in the tensor tympani muscle in the middle ear as part of the startle response to some sounds. This lowered reflex threshold for tensor tympani contraction is activated by the perception anticipation of loud sound, and is called tonic tensor tympani syndrome TTTS . In some people with hyperacusis, the tensor tympani muscle can contract just by thinking about a loud sound. Following exposure to intolerable sounds, this contraction of the tensor tympani ... 20syndrome Klochoff.pdf ref Innervation Innervation of the tensor tympani is from the tensor tympani ... V, specifically V3 . As the tensor tympani is innervated by motor fibres of the trigeminal nerve, it does ... this rumbling sound by contracting the tensor tympani muscle of the middle ear. The rumbling sound ... system Category Muscles of the head and neck Category Ear cs Nap na bub nku de Musculus tensor tympani ... tympani ja pl Mi sie napinacz b ony b benkowej pt M sculo tensor do t mpano sk Nap na bubienka ... more details
Infobox Ligament Name Superior ligament of malleus Latin ligamentum mallei superius GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray912.png Caption The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani , viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Image2 Caption2 From tympanic cavity To malleus System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre l 09 DorlandsSuf 12492556 The Superior ligament of the malleus is a delicate fibrous strand that crosses from the roof of the tympanic cavity to the head of the malleus . Category Ear Category Ligaments ligament stub Auditory and vestibular systems ... more details
Infobox Muscle Name PAGENAME Latin musculi ossiculorum auditus musculi ossiculorum auditoriorum GraySubject 230 GrayPage 1046 Image Gray912.png Caption The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani , viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Image2 Musculustensortympani.png Caption2 The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity , lateral view. Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber Origin Insertion Blood Action The muscles of auditory ossicles serve to modulate the motion of the ossicle s. They include the Stapedius muscle and Tensor tympani muscle . Auditory and vestibular systems Category Muscles of the head and neck Category Ear ... more details
Infobox Ligament Name Anterior ligament of malleus Latin ligamentum mallei anterius GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray912.png Caption The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani , viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Image2 Caption2 From malleus To tympanic cavity System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre l 09 DorlandsSuf 12492542 The Anterior ligament of the malleus is a fibrous band that extends from the Neck of malleus neck of the malleus just above its anterior process to the anterior wall of the tympanic cavity close to the petrotympanic fissure . Some of the fibers also pass through the fissure to the spine of sphenoid bone . Category Ear Category Ligaments ligament stub Auditory and vestibular systems ... more details
VII, the chordatympani , runs through the fissure to join with the lingual nerve providing special ... . Arrows indicate petrotympanic fissure. gallery See also Chordatympani References reflist External ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Membranous wall of tympanic cavity Latin paries membranaceus cavi tympani GraySubject 230 GrayPage 1038 Image Gray913.png Caption Coronal section of right temporal bone . Image2 Gray914.png Caption2 The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity , lateral view. Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve ref Lymph MeshName MeshNumber The Membranous wall of tympanic cavity , also called the Lateral Wall outer wall , is formed mainly by the tympanic membrane, partly by the ring of bone into which this membrane is inserted. This ring of bone is incomplete at its upper part, forming a notch notch of Rivinus , close to which are three small apertures the iter chord posterius, the petrotympanic fissure, and the iter chord anterius. The iter chord posterius apertura tympanica canaliculi chord is situated in the angle of junction between the mastoid and membranous wall of the tympanic cavity immediately behind the tympanic membrane and on a level with the upper end of the manubrium of the malleus it leads into a minute canal, which descends in front of the canal for the facial nerve, and ends in that canal near the stylo mastoid foramen. Through it the chordatympani nerve enters the tympanic cavity. The petrotympanic fissure fissura petrotympanica Glaserian fissure opens just above and in front of the ring of bone into which the tympanic membrane is inserted in this situation it is a mere slit about 2 mm. in length. It lodges the anterior process and anterior ligament of the malleus, and gives passage to the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary artery. The iter chord anterius canal of Huguier is placed at the medial end of the petrotympanic fissure through it the chordatympani nerve leaves the tympanic cavity. The blood supply to tympanic memberane lateral part is through the deep auricular branch of the maxillary artery. It is by a vascular ring formed by a small peripheral vessel from above and a much ... more details
Pierre Charles Huguier 1804 &ndash 1873 was a French surgeon and gynecologist who was born in S zanne . In 1834 he received his medical doctorate at Paris , and was later a surgeon at the H pital Beaujon. Huguier is remembered for his pioneer work with genitourinary diseases such as lymphogranuloma venereum , and uterine fibroma , which was historically called Huguier s disease . ref http icd9cm.chrisendres.com index.php?action alphaletter&letter Hq Online ICD9 ICD9CM codes ref . He provided an early description of the anastomosis around the Isthmus of uterine tube isthmus of the uterus , which is sometimes referred to as Huguier s circle . His name is also lent to two anatomical structures associated with the ear Huguier s canal , or the anterior canaliculus bone canaliculus of chorda tympani A canal at the medial end of the petrotympanic fissure , through which the chorda tympani chorda tympani nerve exits the tympanic cavity . Also known as the canal of Huguier , or iter chordae anterius . Huguier s sinus or the fossula fenestrae vestibuli A depression on the medial wall of the middle ear which has the oval window vestibular window in its lower portion. Also called the little Fossa anatomy fossa of the vestibular window. Selected writings M moire sur les appareils s cr teurs des organes g nitaux externes chez la femme et chez les animaux . Extrait des Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Avril 1850. M moire sur les kystes de la matrice et sur les kystes folliculaires du vagin . Lu la Soci t de Chirurgie le 5 mai 1847. M moire sur les maladies des appareils s cr teurs des organes g nitaux externes de la femme . Extrait des M moires de l Academie Nationale de M decine. 1850 M moire sur l esthiom ne, ou darte rongeante de la r gion vulvo anale . Extrait du tome XIV des M moires d l Academie Nationale de M decine. 1849 References http www.bartleby.com 107 230.html Bartleby.com, The Middle Ear or Tympanic Cavity, the Canal of Huguier http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin om ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin pars flaccida membranae tympanicae GraySubject GrayPage Image View normal tympanic membrane.png Caption Right tympanic membrane as seen through a speculum. Image2 Gray909.png Caption2 Right tympanic membrane as seen through a speculum. Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber In human anatomy , the Pars flaccida of tympanic membrane or Shrapnell s membrane also known as Rivinus ligament is the small, triangular, flaccid portion of the tympanic membrane , or eardrum. It lies above the malleolar folds attached directly to the Petrous portion of the temporal bone petrous bone at the notch of Rivinus. On the inner surface of the tympanic membrane, the chorda tympani crosses this area. It is named after Henry Jones Shrapnell . ref http www.whonamedit.com synd.cfm 2301.html Who Named It?, Definition of Shrapnell s membrane ref References reflist anatomy stub Auditory and vestibular systems Category Auditory system ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Epitympanic recess Latin recessus epitympanicus GraySubject 230 GrayPage 1037 Image Gray912.png Caption The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani, viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Epitympanic recess labeled at upper right. Image2 Gray914.png Caption2 The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity, lateral view. Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 05 DorlandsSuf 12696619 The epitympanic recess is a hollow located on the superior roof aspect of the middle ear . Clinical significance This recess is a possible route of spread of infection to the mastoid air cell s located in the mastoid process of the Mastoid part of the temporal bone temporal bone of the skull. Inflammation which has spread to the mastoid air cells is very difficult to drain and causes considerable pain. Before the advent of antibiotic s it could only be drained by drilling a hole in the mastoid bone, a process known as mastoidectomy . ref http www.pediatric ent.com learning surgeries mastoidectomy.htm ref References references Auditory and vestibular anatomy Category Foramina of the skull anatomy stub ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name Geniculate ganglion Latin ganglion geniculi nervi facialis GraySubject 202 GrayPage 902 Image Gray789.png Caption The course and connections of the facial nerve in the temporal bone . Image2 Caption2 Cranial nerves VII and VIII and selected structures of the inner and middle ear. 1 Nervus vestibularis , 2 Nervus cochlearis , 3 Nervus intermediofacialis , 4 Ganglion geniculi , 5 Chorda tympani , 6 Cochlea , 7 Ductus semicirculares , 8 Malleus , 9 Membrana tympani , 10 Tuba auditiva Innervates BranchFrom BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre g 02 DorlandsSuf 12384530 The geniculate ganglion from Latin language Latin genu , for knee ref name latin knee cite web url http www.wordinfo.info words index info view unit 897 title genu , geni , gen Latin knee . format work WordInfo accessdate 2008 10 03 ref is an L shaped collection of fibers and sensory neuron s of the facial nerve located in the facial canal of the head . It receives fibers from the motor, sensory, and parasympathetic nervous system parasympathetic components of the facial nerve and sends fibers that will innervate the lacrimal gland s, submandibular gland s, sublingual gland s, tongue , palate , pharynx , external auditory meatus , stapedius , posterior belly of the digastric muscle , stylohyoid muscle , and muscles of facial expression . The geniculate ganglion contains special sensory neuronal cell bodies for taste, from fibers coming up from the tongue through the chorda tympani and from fibres coming up from the roof of the palate through the greater petrosal nerve MJ Fitzgerald et al Clinical Neuroanatomy and Neuroscience . Sensory and parasympathetic inputs are carried into the geniculate ganglion via the nervus intermedius . Motor fibers are carried via the facial nerve proper. The greater petrosal nerve , which carries sensory fibers as well as preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, emerges from the anterior aspect of the ganglion. The geniculate ganglion is one of several gang ... more details
ascends from it to the nerve of the Pterygoid canal , and a small branch connects it with the chordatympani . It is connected by two or three short filaments with the nerve to the Pterygoideus internus ... 300px Otic ganglion Distribution Its branches of distribution are a filament to the Tensor tympani ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin papillae fungiformes GraySubject 242 GrayPage 1126 Image Gray1014.png Caption The mouth cavity. The cheeks have been slit transversely and the tongue pulled forward. Image2 Gray1017.png Caption2 Section of a fungiform papilla. Magnified. System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 03 DorlandsSuf 12610382 Code TerminologiaHistologica 3 04 01.0.03005 The fungiform papillae are mushroom shaped wiktionary Papilla papilla e projections on the tongue . They are located on the top dorsal surface of the tongue, scattered throughout the filiform papilla but mainly at the tip and lateral margins of the tongue. They have taste bud s on their superior upper surface which can distinguish the five tastes sweet , sour , Bitter taste bitter , salty , and umami . They have a core of connective tissue . They are innervated by the seventh cranial nerve , more specifically via the submandibular ganglion , chorda tympani , and geniculate ganglion ascending to the solitary nucleus the sensory component of the Vagus nerve in the brainstem . Deleted image removed Image Tongue tastebuds.jpg left thumb Close up view of a tongue with visible fungiform papillae large bumps scattered among filiform papillae small bumps . deletable image caption 1 Tuesday, 30 December 2008 References http dentistry.ouhsc.edu oral histology Chapter8 8.18.html ouhsc.edu External links http medic.med.uth.tmc.edu inline inlnimg 00000665.gif Slide Gustatory system Category Gustatory system ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin pars anterior dorsi linguae GraySubject 243 GrayPage 1125 Image Illu04 tongue.jpg Caption Tongue Image2 Gray1014.png Caption2 Drawing of an anterior view of the tongue and oral cavity, with cheeks removed for clarity. Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Hypoglossal nerve hypoglossal motor , Lingual nerve lingual , chorda tympani sensory Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 07 DorlandsSuf 12616237 The anterior tongue or oral part is the portion of the tongue in front of the Terminal sulcus tongue terminal sulcus . At the apex, thin and narrow, it is directed forward against the lingual surfaces of the lower incisor teeth. It is derived primarily from the first pharyngeal arch . In phonetics and phonology , a distinction is made between the tip of the tongue and the blade the portion just behind the tip . Sounds made with the tongue tip are said to be apical consonant apical , while those made with the tongue blade are said to be laminal consonant laminal . Opposite Posterior tongue External links EmbryologyUNSW Notes head6 Gray s digestive stub Mouth anatomy Category Tongue pt L ngua anterior ... more details
and sublingual gland s via chordatympani . Parasympathetic innervation serves to increase the flow ... thirds of the tongue via the chordatympani, taste sensation is sent to the gustatory portion of the solitary ... travel together as the lingual nerve briefly before the chordatympani leaves the lingual Nerve ... nerve via canaliculus for chordatympani. Facial nerve then meets the geniculate ganglion sensory ganglion of taste fibers of chordatympani and other taste pathways . From geniculate ganglion .... The cell bodies of the Chordatympani reside in the geniculate ganglion , and these parasympathetic ... in diameter. The descending segment is the area where the branches of the chordatympani and nerve to the stapedius ... wall of the tympanum enlarged. Image Gray912.png The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chordatympani, viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Image Gray922.png Position of the right ... nerve . Nerve to stapedius provides motor innervation for stapedius muscle in middle ear Chordatympani special sensory taste fibers for the anterior 2 3 of the tongue. File Intrapetrous facial.jpg ... more details
Infobox Nerve Name PAGENAME Latin nervus lingualis GraySubject 200 GrayPage 895 Image Gray778.png Caption Distribution of the maxillary nerve maxillary and mandibular nerve s, and the submaxillary ganglion. Image2 Gray1202.png Caption2 The mouth cavity. The apex of the tongue is turned upward, and on the right side a superficial dissection of its under surface has been made. Innervates tongue BranchFrom mandibular nerve BranchTo MeshName Lingual Nerve MeshNumber A08.800.800.120.760.500.450 MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre n 05 DorlandsSuf 12566098 The lingual nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve CN V sub 3 sub , itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve , which supplies sensory innervation to the tongue . It also carries fibers from the facial nerve , which return taste information from the anterior two thirds of the tongue. Function The lingual nerve supplies general somatic afferent innervation from the mucous membrane of the anterior two thirds of the tongue. It also carries nerve fibers that are not part of the trigeminal nerve, including the chorda tympani nerve of the facial nerve, which provides special sensation taste to the anterior 2 3 part of the tongue as well as parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers. The submandibular ganglion is suspended by two nerve filaments from the lingual nerve. Path The lingual nerve lies at first beneath the lateral pterygoid muscle , medial to and in front of the inferior alveolar nerve , and is occasionally joined to this nerve by a branch which may cross the internal maxillary artery . The chorda tympani a branch of the facial nerve, CN VII joins it at an acute angle here, carrying taste fibers from the anterior two thirds of the tongue and parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular ganglion . The nerve then passes between the medial pterygoid muscle and the ramus of the Human mandible mandible , and crosses obliquely to the side of the tongue over the constrictor pharyngis superior and styloglossus , and then between th ... more details
Other uses Infobox Bone Name Malleus Latin Malleus GraySubject 231 GrayPage 1044 Image Gray916.png Caption Left malleus. A. From behind. B. From within. Image2 Gray912.png Caption2 The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani , viewed from within, from behind, and from above. Malleus visible at center. Map Middle ear map MapPos Malleus MapCaption Bones and muscles in the tympanic cavity in the middle ear Precursor 1st branchial arch ref EmbryologyUNC hednk 023 ref Origins Greek Insertions Articulations MeshName Malleus MeshNumber A09.246.397.247.524 The malleus or hammer is a hammer shaped small bone or ossicles ossicle of the middle ear which connects with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum . The word is Latin for hammer . It transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus . The malleus is unique to mammals, and Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles evolved from a lower jaw bone in basal Amniota amniotes called the articular , which still forms part of the jaw joint in reptiles and birds. ref Ramachandran, V. S. and Blakeslee, S. 1999 Phantoms in the Brain , p. 210 ref Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and Human mandible mandible . Additional images gallery File Illu auditory ossicles.jpg Ossicle s File Gray43.png Head and neck of a human embryo eighteen weeks old, with Meckel s cartilage and hyoid bone exposed. File Gray907.png External and middle ear , opened from the front. Right side. File Gray919.png Chain of ossicles and their ligament s, seen from the front in a vertical, transverse section of the Eardrum tympanum . gallery See also Wiktionary malleus Bone Terminology Bone terminology Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles Terms for anatomical location Neck of malleus Superior ligament of malleus Lateral ligament of malleus Anterior ligament of malleus References references External links http www.a ... more details
Infobox Muscle Name Stapedius Latin musculus stapedius GraySubject 230 GrayPage 1046 Image Musculusstapedius.png Caption The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity, lateral view. Map Middle ear map MapPos Stapedius MapCaption Bones and muscles in the tympanic cavity in the middle ear Origin walls of pyramidal eminence Insertion neck of stapes Blood stapedial branch of posterior auricular artery Nerve facial nerve nerve to stapedius Action control the amplitude of sound sound waves to the inner ear DorlandsPre m 22 DorlandsSuf 12550929 The stapedius is the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body. At just over one millimeter in length, its purpose is to stabilize the smallest bone in the body, the stapes . The stapedius emerges from a pinpoint foramen in the apex of the pyramidal eminence a hollow, cone shaped prominence in the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity , and inserts into the neck of the stapes. Function It reflexively dampens the vibrations of the stapes by pulling on the neck of that bone. It prevents excess movement by the stapes , helping to control the amplitude of sound sound waves from the general external environment to the inner ear . The stapedius muscle dampens the ability of the stapes vibration and protects the inner ear from high noise levels, primarily the volume of your own voice. Compare also the role of the tensor tympani muscle, which primarily dampens those sounds associated with chewing. Innervation The stapedius is innervated by the nerve to stapedius , a branch of cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve . This is the first branch of the facial nerve after it exits the facial canal the second branch is the chorda tympani which carries special sense taste and parasympathetic fibres of cranial nerve VII. It provides taste sensation to the anterior 2 3 of the tongue by joining with the lingual nerve a branch of the Mandibular nerve V3 in the infratemporal fossa ref Clinically Oriented Anatomy ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
