current AC amplifier instead. A chopper circuit is used to break up the input signal so that it can ... that also give these Zero drift advantages are Auto zero and Chopper stabilized Amplifier. Auto .... Chopper stabilized amplifiers use a combination of auto zero and chopper techniques to give some excellent DC precision specifications. ref US Patent 7132883 Chopperchopper stabilized instrumentation and operational amplifiers ref Some example chopper and auto zero amplifiers are http www.linear.com ... Autozeroing, Correlated Double Sampling and Chopper Stabilization Proceedings of the IEEE , vol. 84 No. 11, Nov. 1996 A. Bilotti, G. Monreal, Chopper Stabilized Amplifiers with a Track and hold Signal ... 4.890300 A CMOS Nested Chopper Instrumention Amplifier with 100 nV Offset IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, vol. 35 No. 12, Dec 2000 Category Electronic circuits electronics stub ca Interruptor chopper de Zerhacker Elektrotechnik es Interruptor chopper fr Hacheur it Chopper elettrotecnica nl Chopper ... more details
wiktionary chopper tocright Chopper may refer to Helicopter AK 47 as used in street slang rap lyrics. Prolific in New Orleans rap, where the city is known as Chopper City Table tennis styles Attacking Chopper Attacking Chopper , the table tennis style Thompson submachine gun The part of a mechanical siren that rapidly cuts the flow of air to make a sound, closely fitted to the stator assembly A slang term for the penis . Entertainment Chopper film , a 2000 Australian semi autobiographical film by and about Mark Brandon Chopper Read Chopper I , a 1988 video game developed by SNK Playmore The Chopper, a vehicle from the video game series Halo series Halo Characters Chopper Judge Dredd character Chopper, one of the bosses in the survival horror video game, Clock Tower 3 Tony Tony Chopper , a character from the anime One Piece People Chopper Read born 1954 , an Australian criminal, author and recording artist The nickname of Ron Harris footballer , a Chelsea footballer Technology Comet Hopper , a mission proposed to NASA and known as CHopperChopper archaeology , a type of crude stone tool Chopperelectronics , a switching device Chopper propeller , a design for boat propellers Meatchopper coupling , a railway train coupling Optical chopper , a revolving disk with cut outs to modulate light Transportation Chopper , an informal term for a Helicopter Chopper bicycle Chopper motorcycle , a type of customized motorcycle Raleigh Chopper , a bicycle model disambig de Chopper es Chopper desambiguaci n fr Chopper gl Chopper hom nimos it Chopper nl Chopper ja pl Chopper pt Chopper ru sr fi Chopper ... more details
About the technical field of electronics personal use electronic devices consumer electronics the scientific magazine Electronics magazine Image Arduino ftdi chip 1.jpg thumb right 250px Surface mount technology Surface mount electronic components Electronics is the branch of science , engineering and technology ... board circuit boards , electronics packaging technology, and other varied forms of communication ... . Electronics is distinct from electricity electrical and electro mechanical science and technology ... of electronic circuit s to solve practical problems come under electronics engineering . This article focuses on engineering aspects of electronics. Electronic devices and components An electronic ... components Vacuum tube s were one of the earliest electronic components. They dominated electronics ... of circuitry that has one or the other or a mix of the two types. Analog circuits Main Analog electronics ... electronics Digital circuits are electric circuits based on a number of discrete voltage levels. Digital ... processor s are another example. Building blocks Logic gate s Adder electronics Adders Flip flop electronics .... Noise is defined ref IEEE Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms ISBN 978 0 471 42806 ... properties. Electronics theory Main Mathematical methods in electronics Mathematical methods are integral to the study of electronics. To become proficient in electronics it is also necessary ... . A common analytical tool for this is the SPICE circuit simulator. Also important to electronics is the study and understanding of electromagnetic field theory. Electronics lab Main Electronics lab simulation Due to the empirical nature of electronics theory, laboratory experimentation is an important part of the study of electronics. These experiments are used to prove, verify, and reinforce laws and theorems such as Ohm s law , Kirchhoff s circuit laws Kirchhoff s laws , etc. Historically, electronics labs have consisted of electronics devices and equipment located in a physical space, although ... more details
unreferenced date June 2010 Infobox VG title Chopper Command image File Chopper Command cover.jpg developer Activision publisher Activision designer Bob Whitehead engine released 1982 in video gaming June 1982 genre Shoot em up Scrolling shooters Scrolling shooter modes Single player ratings platforms Atari 2600 media Cartridge electronics Cartridge requirements input Joystick Image Chopper command.png thumb left Chopper Command helicopter protecting its convoy of tractor trailers Chopper Command is a video game by Activision released for the Atari 2600 game console in June 1982. The game was successful due to its perceived superiority to Atari s home version of Defender arcade game Defender Chopper Command shares many similarities in gameplay to Defender . Chopper Command was programmed by Bob Whitehead . Chopper Command involves the player controlling a military helicopter in a desert scenario protecting a convoy of tractor trailer s that are in position on the ground. The goal is to destroy all enemy fighter jet s and helicopters that attack the player s helicopter and the friendly trucks traveling below. The game ends when the player loses all of his or her lives, or when the player reaches 999,999 points. The game also utilizes a type of radar in order to detect enemy craft not visible ... score could receive a video game sew on patch relevant to that particular game. Ports Chopper Command can be found on the Activision Anthology for Gameboy Advance. Chopper Command was made available ... based personal computer PC s in June 2010. External links moby game id chopper command http www.atariage.com software page.html?SoftwareID 921 Chopper Command at AtariAge http www.atariage.com 2600 archives activision patch page.html?PatchName Chopper 20Command&ImageName ChopperCommand Activision patch for Chopper Command Category 1982 video games Category Activision games Category Atari 2600 games de Chopper Command es Chopper Command ... more details
Operation Chopper could refer to Operation Chopper commando raid , a British Commando raid in the Second World War. Operation Chopper Vietnam , a United States operation in the Vietnam War. disamb ... more details
Price Chopper may refer to Price Chopper Supermarkets , a supermarket chain with stores in New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut Price Chopper Canada , a discount supermarket chain in Canada Price Chopper New Zealand , a defunct supermarket group Price Chopper Price Mart , supermarket concept of Associated Wholesale Grocers in the Kansas City area Market of Choice , a supermarket chain previously known as Price Chopper based in Eugene, Oregon, United States Price Chopper Wristbands , a manufacturer of wristbands in Orlando, Florida, United States disambig ... more details
File TRANSOMIK BC1.jpg right thumb 250px A sample of a Braking chopper http kimo.de index.php?file produkte bremschopperuebersicht.html&menu 5&lang EN Brake choppers are used in the DC voltage intermediate circuits of frequency converters to control voltage when the load feeds energy back to the intermediate circuit. This arises, for example, when a magnetized motor is being rotated by an overhauling load and so functions as a Electrical generator generator feeding power to the DC voltage intermediate circuit. ref werner leonhard, 2001 control of electrical drive springer press ref ref r.krishnan, 2001 Electric Motor Drives Modeling, Analysis, and Control , Prentice Hall ref The concept of flux braking Flux braking is a method based on motor losses. When braking in the drive system is needed ... chopper File Braking chopper in usage.jpg right thumb 250px A large Braking chopper being put to use ... to limit DC bus voltage is to lead the braking energy to a resistor through a braking chopper ... www.kimo.de index.php?file anwend bremsen bremsgeraete 06 10 11.html&lang EN ref The braking chopper ... chopper and resistor solutions ref http ebookee.org regenerative ac drive 1174794.html ref Simple electrical construction and well known technology. Low fundamental investment for chopper and resistor . The chopper works even if AC supply is lost. Braking during main power loss may be required. E.g. in elevator or other safety related applications. Drawbacks of the Braking chopper and resistor The braking energy is wasted if the heated air can not be utilised. The braking chopper and resistors ... 1 10 minutes, long braking times require more accurate dimensioning of the braking chopper. Increased .... When to apply a braking chopper The braking cycle is needed occasionally. The amount of braking ... power loss. When not to use Braking Chopper Resistor ref http www05.abb.com global scot scot201.nsf ... reflist Electric motor Category Electric motors Category Electronics terms Category Electric power ... more details
Chopper Dave may refer to a minor character in the animated TV series List of Sealab 2021 minor characters C Sealab 2021 a minor character in the TV series minor characters on Frasier Chopper Dave Frasier disambig ... more details
A chopper bicycle is a bicycle that is designed to get attention and provide a smooth comfortable ride. About Image Chopper bicycle.jpg thumb 250px A custom build Chopper bicycle While the term chopper is generally used to describe a chopper motorcycle motorcycle or bicycle that has had some of its original parts replaced with custom parts, today s definition has grown to include custom motorcycles and bicycles that are low to the ground, usually with extended forks creating a long front end. Even as commercial interests are taking note of the popularity of choppers and expanding their lines ref Corporate example http www.phatcycles.com Chopper lilchopper.htm , PhatCycles , June 9 , 2010 ref , most riders of choppers have hand built choppers and encourage others to make their own. ref Gould, Nemo. http www.instructables.com id Chopper bicycle made from found materials Chopper bicycle made from found materials , instructables.com , June 24, 2007. Accessed June 9, 2010. ref Arguably, a bought chopper is not a chopper at all, because no chopping was done only a commercial transaction. ref Tucker, Karen Iris http www.villagevoice.com 2006 03 14 nyc life mutant bike gangs of new york Tall ... chopper bicycle riders such as the Freakbike Militia and C.h.u.n.k. 666 . Such groups encourage all chopper bicycle riders to join them on rides celebrating different events and holidays. Because the frame of a chopper bicycle and a chopper motorcycle can be strikingly similar, and of a high enough ... may vary in your local state or territory. World s Longest Chopper Bike Deleted image removed Image WorldsLongestChopper.jpg 350px World s longest Chopper bicycle built by Jay Broemmel Built in the early 2000 s by Jay Broemmel, the world s longest chopper is pictured. ref Cyclecide , http www.cyclecide.com .... ref See also Raleigh Chopper List of bicycle types Bicycle References reflist External links commonscat Chopper bicycles http www.crud.org CRUD The chopper riding urban dwellers of San Francisco Category ... more details
Commented out because image was deleted Image AmericanChopper DixieBike2.jpg thumb right 200px A Dixie Chopper lawn mower. Infobox Company company name Dixie Chopper company logo Image Dixie chopper logo.jpg 250px company type Manufacturing genre foundation 1980 founder Art Evans president ceo Gary Morgan location city Coatesville, Indiana location country USA location key people area served industry products Residential and Commercial Lawnmowers services revenue operating income net income parent Magic Circle Corporation divisions owner company slogan The World s Fastest Lawnmower br An American Tradition homepage http www.dixiechopper.com Dixie Chopper Homepage dissolved footnotes Dixie Chopper is a brand of industrial Zero turn mower zero turning lawn mower manufactured by Magic Circle Corp., in Fillmore, Indiana . It was founded by Hoosier Art Evans in 1980. Dixie Chopper is run by President and CEO, Simon Wilson. Dixie Chopper claims to build the world s fastest lawn mowers. The most famous version is a prototype that was built using the jet engine from a Chinook Helicopter . This model was featured on an episode of Home Improvement TV series Home Improvement . Dixie Chopper Pulling Truck In 2005 Dixie Chopper began sponsoring a pro pulling truck. In 2007 it was national champion of the Lucas Oil Pro Pulling League circuit. Dixie Chopper Monster Truck Dixie Chopper also sponsors a Dixie Chopper monster truck. Dixie Chopper Motorcycle The company was also featured on an episode of American Chopper where the Dixie Chopper Bike featuring a modified lawn mower engine, which produced a surprising amount of power despite its small size was built by Orange County Choppers and unveiled at Daytona Bike Week . External links http www.dixiechopper.com Official website Category Lawn mower ... more details
Infobox VG title Chopper Attack image Image Chopper Attack Coverart.png developer SETA Corporation publisher Midway Games Midway engine released vgrelease JP November 28, 1997 NA June 17, 1998 PAL September 15, 1998 September 15, 1998 genre Third person shooters Third person shooter modes Single player ratings vgratings ESRB Teen platforms Nintendo 64 media requirements input Chopper Attack known as Wild Choppers in Japan is a helicopter based Third person shooters third person shooter game for the Nintendo 64 released in 1997. The game features numerous missions in various locations. Missions include bombing the enemy s bases, escorting Air Force One through dangerous jungle terrain, and rescuing prisoners of war. Links http www.gamespot.com n64 action chopperattack index.html?tag result title 0 Chopper Attack at Gamespot Category 1997 video games Category Nintendo 64 games Category Shoot em ups Category SETA Corporation games tps videogame stub ca Chopper Attack fr Chopper Attack pt Chopper Attack ... more details
Infobox Film name Dr. Chopper image DrChopper.jpg caption The DVD cover for Dr. Chopper starring Ed Brigadier br Chelsey Crisp br Costas Mandylor director Lewis Schoenbrun distributor flagicon US York Entertainment released August 2, 2005 runtime 86 min. language English Dr. Chopper is a 2005 United States American horror film . The plot centers on five young friends who while heading for vacation at a family cabin encounter a notorious chopper motorcycle chopper riding serial killer Dr. Fielding, alias Dr. Chopper Ed Brigadier and his two cannibalistic female assistants, who murder and dismember people in search of body parts which Dr. Chopper uses as replacements for his own in order to extend his life. Scenes featuring female nudity and or lesbian acts are prominent throughout the film. Cast Ed Brigadier Dr. Chopper Chelsey Crisp Jessica Costas Mandylor Terrell Robert Adamson actor Robert Adamson Nick Chase Hoyt Reese Ashley McCarthy Tamara Benjamin Keepers Robert Elisa Schuyler Melanie Rose Swim Leslie Thomas Carlton Detective Tubman Reception The film received very negative reviews. As of 2008, it has received a rating of only 2.5 out of 10 on the Internet Movie Database . The film does however has some form a cultish fanbase, internet film critic Danny Price for Icons of Fright sights it as one of his favourite B Movies of all time in the Schlock Value column of Icons of Fright, his comments are made in the columns debut edition in December 2007. ref http www.iconsoffright.com schlock 2008 06 december 2007 edition dr chopp.html ref References reflist External links imdb title id 469899 name Dr. Chopper Category American films Category Teen films Category Independent films Category Slasher films ... more details
Image Raleigh Chopper 001.jpg thumb US Raleigh Chopper Mk1. br This example is missing the rear seat springs and the chainguard. The Raleigh Chopper is a children s bicycle , a wheelie bike , manufactured ... on the look of a customised Chopper motorcycle chopper motorcycle , made popular with films such as Easy ... this britain the decade taste forgot is back on a brand new raleigh chopper 571307.html title The decade taste forgot is back on a brand new Raleigh Chopper last Kirby first Terry date 2004 02 24 publisher ... retro collectibles 70s raleigh chopper.html title Raleigh Chopper publisher RetroWow accessdate 2009 01 27 ref the Chopper bike was the must have item and signifier of coolness ref cite web url http bikehugger.com 2007 06 raleigh chopper bicycle.htm title http bikehugger.com 2007 06 raleigh chopper ... ref cite web url http www.doyouremember.co.uk memory.php?memID 35 title Raleigh Chopper publisher ... Version of The Mk2 Raleigh Chopper Ogle Design claim to have designed the Chopper for Raleigh. They actually ... the seat and spoke protector were taken up. The final design of the Chopper was submitted by Oakley ... History 202.html title The History Raleigh Chopper Bike publisher Ogle Noor Limited ref ref cite web url http www.bikebiz.com news 21341 I designed the Chopper argues Cambridge inventor title I designed the Chopper, argues Cambridge inventor publisher Bike Biz accessdate March 2, 2006 ref Raleigh themselves built a copy of the chopper like Schwinn Sting Ray they called the Rodeo, which was launched in the US in 1966. It was not a success, but its design clearly was a forerunner of the Chopper ... of what would become the Chopper onto the back of an Airmail envelope. The popularity of the Chopper ... tomahawk.htm title Chopper Extreme publisher Chopper Extreme ref History ... Chopper Tall Frame The Chopper was patented in 1967 by Raleigh for the American youth market. The Chopper ... title Raleigh Chopper Cooper Mk.1 publisher RaleighChopper.info accessdate 2009 01 27 ref Tyres ... more details
unreferenced date November 2009 An herb chopper is a cooking tool specifically designed for chopping fresh herb s. There are a variety of different designs and styles for herb choppers. Some include a series of blades to finely slice the herbs. Others are compact food processor s. A mezzaluna paired with a concave cutting board may be marketed as an herb chopper. See also Kitchen gadget Category Cooking utensils ... more details
POV date February 2011 Image Dry installed chopper pump.jpg thumb Picture of a dry installed chopper pump, model MPTK I. Courtesy of Landia. 200px A chopper pump is a centrifugal pump , which is equipped with a cutting system to facilitate chopping maceration of solids that are present in the pumped liquid. The main advantage of this type of pump is that it prevents clogging of the pump itself and of the adjacent piping, as all the solids and stringy materials are macerated by the chopping system. Chopper pumps exist in various configurations, including submersible and dry installed design and they are typically equipped with an electric motor to run the impeller and to provide torque for the chopping system. Due to its high solids handling capabilities, the chopper pump is often used for pumping sewage , sludge, manure slurries, and other liquids that contain large or tough solids. History Image Christian Oellgaard.jpg thumb The inventor of the chopper pump, Christian llgaard. 200px The chopper pump was invented in 1950 by the Danish company Landia. The innovative pump manufacturer, Christian llgaard, developed a pump with a special knife system to meet the need for macerating and pumping manure in agricultural applications. Manure with high solids content, containing straw and sawdust ..., so did the use of the chopper pump in both dry and submersible applications and in various industries ... plants, municipal wastewater and prison lift stations. The chopper pump became, because of its durability ... and know how. Today, thousands of chopper pumps are operating Worldwide to provide reliable non clog pump operation. Working principle A chopper pump is operated by a drive unit e.g. electric motor ... the hydraulic parts of the pump. A chopper pump should not be confused with a grinder pump , which ... weight sewage applications, whereas chopper pumps are used for tough solids handling applications ... Examples of applications where chopper pumps are commonly applied include Scum pumping at wastewater ... more details
dablink For other uses of the word, see Chopper . Infobox VG title Chopper I image Image Chopper I screenshot wik.PNG 200 px Chopper I screen shot developer SNK publisher SNK distributor designer engine version released 1988 genre Shoot em up Scrolling shooters Scrolling shooter modes Single player , dual player ratings platforms Arcade game Arcade arcade system Central processing unit CPU 3 Zilog Z80 4.00 MHz br Sound Yamaha YM3812 FM 4.0 MHz , Yamaha YM8950 FM 4.0 MHz media requirements input Joystick Chopper I is an 1988 arcade game arcade hall video game, developed by SNK Playmore SNK . The objective of the top down game is to infiltrate enemy territory and essentially destroy all objects. The game can be played with 1 or 2 players both players, each occupying one helicopter, play simultaneously. The game was released only for arcade, and not for any home computer or console confirmation needed . Gameplay Gameplay is similar to the video game 1942 video game 1942 , but the game pace is faster. Like similar games, larger enemy vehicles and planes need more shots to destroy, and each level there is a final boss video games boss that one must destroy to proceed to the next. External links KLOV game id 7334 http coinop.org g.aspx 101018 Chopper I.html Chopper I at Coinop arcade stub scroll shooter videogame stub Category 1988 video games Category Arcade games Category Scrolling shooters Category SNK games fr Chopper I ja ... more details
Context date October 2009 In archaeology a chopper core is a suggested type of stone tool created by using a lithic core as a olduwan chopper following the removal of lithic flake flakes from that core. They may be a very crude form of early handaxe although they are not biface bifacially worked and there is debate as to whether chopper cores were ever used as tools or simply discarded after the desired flakes were removed. They are found in the early Mode 1 tool industries of the Oldowan and Clactonian archaeological industry industries during the Lower Palaeolithic . References Ashton, NM, McNabb, J, and Parfitt, S, Choppers and the Clactonian, a reinvestigation, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 58, pp21 28, qtd in Butler, C 2005 . Prehistoric Flintwork, Tempus, Stroud. ISBN 0 7524 3340 7. Category Lithics Category Archaeological artefact types archaeology stub ja ... more details
Chopper Heavy 6 Australian Lager is named after Australia n ex con Chopper Read ref http ratebeer.com beer stockade chopper heavy 30554 ref . Brewed by Stockdate Brewery, the beer is marketed as the strongest Lager produced in Australia, though this is false a lager similar to Tooheys Extra Dry called Tooheys Extra Dry Platinum, with an alcohol content of 6.5 , is produced and sold in Australia by Tooheys . The Beer is brewed in Rutherglen, Victoria , which was chosen due to the region s link with another infamous character, Ned Kelly who lived there. See also List of breweries in Australia References Reflist Beer stub Category Beer and breweries in Australia Category Beer brands Category Brewery companies Category Beer and breweries in Oceania ... more details
orphan date August 2010 Refimprove date September 2007 The Ultimate Chopper was a kitchen appliance , mainly advertised on television in the form of an As seen on TV marketing 30 minute infomercial , and sold on line. ref cite web title Ultimate Chopper publisher Ultimate Chopper, LLC, P.O. Box 361369, Los Angeles, CA 90036, 1 800 554 6061 url http www.UltimateChopper.Com ref What It Does The Ultimate Chopper is mainly used for chopping and preparing food in preparation of cooking. It is also used for mixing and whipping. What comes in the package The Ultimate Chopper comes with the following items Power Base 600 watt motor, 750 watts peak power Plastic blade assembly with two German stainless steel blades Chopping Cup white plastic cup where the blades and the food ingredients set in Clear interlocking lid to prevent ingredients from splattering in the air, and to prevent the machine from running unless the lid is properly locked into place Optional Accessories The Ultimate Chopper also has an optional accessory called the Ultimate Blender. The Ultimate Blender accessory is placed on the Ultimate Chopper s power base and can be used like any other blender. Bonus Items When advertised on television, people who order the Ultimate Chopper receive a manual juice extractor for free. For the second .... Infomercial hosts The first Ultimate Chopper infomercial featured an Austria n man named Horst ... Chopper was as easy as Eins, zwei, drei German for One, two, three and encouraged the studio audience ... manual juice extractor. Aired 2002 2003. The second Ultimate Chopper infomercial was much in the same ... Chopper by chopping concrete into powder, however Tony said he was only doing it to prove a point. Safety Recall In 2005, a recall was announced for the Ultimate Chopper due to a malfunction in the interlocking ... title Ultimate Chopper LLC Announce Recall to Inspect and Replace Food Processors publisher Consumer ... According to the CSPC s product recall page for the Ultimate Chopper, the Ultimate Chopper was sold ... more details
Meat chopper may refer to M45 Quadmount Norwegian coupling disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it from being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Long comment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
A chopper is a propeller design especially used for fast boats or boat racing . It can cope with breaking through the water surface without losing its thrust. This provides the facility to mount the motor higher, which commonly increases speed. Besides this, it has a high progressive rake which leads to a good bow lift. External links http www.bassnedge.com products racing propellers by mercury mar.htm Racing Propellers by Mercury http continuouswave.com whaler reference prop3.html about the effect of propellers on bowlift Category Propellers Shipbuilding stub de Chopper Propeller sv Ytsk rande propeller ... more details
Infobox video game title Chopper Commando image developer Mark Currie games developer Mark Currie publisher released 1988 genre Shoot em up Scrolling shooters Scrolling shooter modes Single Player platforms MS DOS Chopper Commando is a former shareware computer game written by Mark Currie games developer Mark Currie in 1988 version 2.0 was released in 1990 . Summary In the game the player controls a military chopper , piloting the chopper through a side scrolling map to complete various missions. The game featured deformable terrain , which the player could blast holes in with weapon explosions. The game also allowed the player to eject from the chopper to control a pilot capable of throwing grenades. Blasting through the mountain on the far right would enable the player to pass through the apparently impenetrable mountain range, giving access to a secret helipad that gave the helicopter super powerful bombs and missiles if he or she exited and re entered the copter. Blasting through the mountains on the far left gave entrance to a special screen with a secret message. At the time he wrote version 2.0, Mark Currie was fifteen years old. The source code was written with Turbo Pascal 5, ran on the DOS operating system , and featured Color Graphics Adapter CGA graphics. The game and source code have since been released as freeware . External links http www.classicdosgames.com game Chopper Commando.html Downloads and source code Category DOS games Category Scrolling shooters Category 1988 video games ... more details
context date May 2010 An optical chopper is a mechanical device which periodically interrupts a light beam. Three types are available variable frequency rotating disc choppers, fixed frequency tuning fork choppers, and optical shutters. A rotating disc chopper was famously used in 1849 by Hippolyte Fizeau in the first non astronomical measurement of the speed of light . The chopper amplifier allows for either a physical quantity to be measured or on the electrical signal from the transducer. In general it is desirable to chop the signal as close to its source as possible because only the noise that arises after chopping is removed by the process. The rotation of the chopper produces a radiant signal that fluctuates periodically between zero and some maximum intensity. ref cite book author Douglas A Skoog title Principles of Instrumental Analysis isbn 0495125709 year 2007 publisher Brooks Cole location Pacific Grove, Calif. ref There are also electrical ways of generating pulsed light beams at a variable millisecond intervals. As an electrical alternative to the rotating disc, pulsed light is currently used to grow plants under intermittent artificial light generated using specially designed ballast systems for standard fluorescent light tubes. Because the light beam is interrupted before the light is generated, unlike devices which interrupt the light after it is generated, the electrically pulsed light tubes reduce the energy requirements of pulsed light applications by an amount equal to the percentage of pulsing, so a 50 flickered on off light stream is made with 50 less energy. Chopper Light systems are also suitable for UV applications. Late 20th century Mouse computing Mechanical mouse devices computer mice used two chopper wheels for encoding. See also Stroboscope References reflist Category Optical metrology tech stub Optics stub fa ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 File Pierre taill e Melka Kunture thiopie fond.jpg thumb Right 280px Oldowan to 1.7 million years before our era Hadar, Ethiopia Hadar Archaeologist s define a chopper as a pebble tool with an irregular cutting edge formed through the removal of lithic flake flakes from one side of a stone. Choppers are crude forms of stone tool and are found in archaeological industry industries as early as the Lower Palaeolithic from around 2 million years ago. Later societies used a more advanced implement sometimes called a chopping tool , which in some cases was refined into the more efficient handaxe . Prehistoric technology DEFAULTSORT Chopper Archaeology Category Lithics Category Archaeological artefact types Archaeology stub de Chopper Arch ologie fr Galet am nag hu Marokk he ja pl Narz dzia otoczakowe ru fi Nyrkki iskuri ... more details
Use dmy dates date June 2011 Use Australian English date June 2011 Infobox Film name Chopper image Choppermovie.jpg caption Theatrical release poster director Andrew Dominik producer Michele Bennett screenplay Andrew Dominik story Chopper Read starring Eric Bana br Vince Colosimo br Simon Lyndon br Kate Beahan br Bill Young music Mick Harvey cinematography Geoffrey Hall br Kevin Hayward editing Ken Sallows studio Australian Film Finance Corporation AFFC br Mushroom Pictures br Pariah Entertainment ... language English runtime 94 minutes Chopper is a 2000 Australia n film, written and directed by New Zealand film maker Andrew Dominik and based on the Autobiography semi autobiographical books by Chopper Read Mark Brandon Chopper Read . The film stars Eric Bana as the title character, and co stars ... of the prison. Image Chopper Bana.jpg thumb left 250px Bana as Australian criminal Chopper Read in his breakthrough film role in Chopper 2000 He is released in 1986, revisiting enemies and friends whom ... courtesy of the police to exterminate scum . When Chopper learns that he is now the target of a contract ... associates were interviewed. Reception Reviews Chopper was received with positive reviews. Review ... m chopper title Chopper publisher Rotten Tomatoes accessdate 2009 06 07 ref Roger ... http rogerebert.suntimes.com apps pbcs.dll article?AID 20010601 REVIEWS 106010302 1023 title Chopper author Roger Ebert publisher Chicago Sun Times ref Reaction from Mark Chopper Read Read himself suggested ... praised Bana s performance on the 20 to 1 episode Great Aussie Films , where Chopper came 17th. Several ... Chopper Amg movie 212166 Chopper http www.bbc.co.uk films 2000 11 22 eric bana chopper 2211 interview.shtml BBC interview with Eric Bana on his role in Chopper . http colsearch.nfsa.afc.gov.au nfsa search ... rec 0 resCount 10 Chopper at the National Film and Sound Archive Andrew Dominik Category 2000 films ... de Chopper Film fr Chopper film it Chopper film pl Chopper film sl Chopper film tr Kasap film ... more details
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