Note on the Term Chalcogen ref ref name handbook Francesco Devillanova Editor http books.google.com books?id IvGnUAaSqOsC&pg PT24 Handbook of Chalcogen Chemistry New Perspectives in Sulfur, Selenium and Tellurium ... goldbook http goldbook.iupac.org A00266.html amides . Chalcogen replacement analogues of amides are called ... Passivation of GaAs 001 surfaces by chalcogen atoms S, Se and Te Surface Science Volume 255, Issue ... halide and pnictogen pnictide . Although the word chalcogen is literally taken from Greek words being ... oxidation number of the most common chalcogen compounds is 2. Other values, such as 1 in pyrite ... element s Etymology The name chalcogen comes from the Greek words chalkos, literally copper .... ref cite journal author Werner Fischer title A Second Note on the Term Chalcogen journal Journal of Chemical ... meanings of the Greek words imply that chalcogen means copper former , this is misleading ... Elementos del grupu 16 bs Halkogeni elementi bg ca Calcogen cs Chalkogen cy Chalcogen de ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The chalcohalides are binary molecules formed of chemical element s taken from the chalcogen s periodic table group 16 and the halide s periodic table group 17 . Examples Sulfur chloride Oxygen fluoride Tellurium chloride Selenium chloride Sulfur fluoride Category Chalcohalides Inorganic compound stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image Hawleyite 3D balls.png thumb right Cadmium sulfide In chemistry , metal chalcogenides are chemical compound compounds consisting of a metal and an element which is a member of the chalcogen column of the periodic table . While oxygen is a member of the chalcogens, so all metal oxide s are technically metal chalcogenides, the term is commonly used only to refer to compounds of a metal with sulfur , selenium or tellurium , and polonium . Important metal chalcogenides include the semiconductor cadmium sulfide , which is used in the production of photoresistor s, and cadmium selenide , which is used to produce quantum dots . DEFAULTSORT Metal Chalcogenide Category Inorganic compounds Inorganic compound stub hi ... more details
A chalcogenide is a chemical compound consisting of at least one chalcogen ion and at least one more electropositive element. Although all group 16 element s of the periodic table are defined as chalcogens, the term is more commonly reserved for sulfide s, selenide s, and telluride s, rather than oxide s. photoconductivity Photoconductive chalcogenide glass es are used in xerography and television . Citation needed date December 2007 An optical processing chip using a chalcogenide as a photodetector has been developed by The University of Sydney with potential to speed up links between optical fibre networks and computers. ref http www.smh.com.au articles 2008 07 09 1215282927991.html Chip may speed up internet 100 times Deborah Smith for Sydney Morning Herald July 10, 2008 ref Examples Cadmium telluride Indium sulfide Zinc telluride Sodium selenide See also Phase change memory Chalcogen negative resistance External links http www.spacemart.com reports Tiny Chip Demonstrates Big Memory in Cosmos 999.html Tiny Chip Demonstrates Big Memory in Cosmos Michael P. Kleiman for Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate SpaceDaily Jul 27, 2006 http www.opticsinfobase.org abstract.cfm?URI oe 17 4 2182 Breakthrough switching speed with an all optical chalcogenide glass chip 640 Gbit s demultiplexing Michael Galili, Jing Xu, Hans C. Mulvad, Leif K. Oxenl we, Anders T. Clausen, Palle Jeppesen, Barry Luther Davis, Steve Madden, Andrei Rode, Duk Yong Choi, Mark Pelusi, Feng Luan, and Benjamin J. Eggleton Optics Express, Vol. 17, Issue 4, pp. 2182 2187 February 2, 2009 Maksym V. Kovalenko, Marcus Scheele, and Dmitri V. Talapin. Colloidal Nanocrystals with Molecular Metal Chalcogenide Surface Ligands . Science 324 12June2009 1417 1420 http www.theregister.co.uk 2010 02 12 earth abundant solar cells Big Blue boffins hatch dirt cheap solar cells The Register, 12 February 2010 References references Category Chalcogenides inorganic compound stub de Chalkogenide ko nl ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 BLP sources date February 2008 Image Gedlion.jpg Professor Gerard Parkin right 150px Gerard Ged Parkin is a professor at the Columbia University . Biography Gerard Parkin worked under Malcolm Green during both his undergraduate and Postgraduate education graduate studies, at Queens College of Oxford University . His work involved exploring the chemistry of tungsten phosphine derivatives. He obtained a post doctoral position at the California Institute of Technology working with Professor John Bercaw on tungstenocene reactivity. In 1988, Ged joined the faculty at Columbia University, where he currently investigates a myriad of problems in main group and transition metal chemistry, including Calixarene complexes Retrodative bonding, especially related to boratrane s Group 6 reactivity relating to X H X H, C, O bond activation , hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation The Tris mercaptoimidizole borate ligand Terminal chalcogen metal bonding Zinc Coordination complex complexes as models for biological systems Antimony alkoxide s and aryloxide s Bond cleavage Cleaving the mercury element mercury carbon Chemical bond bond . ref name Kalaugher cite web url http environmentalresearchweb.org cws article news 30668 title Working out mercury last Kalaugher first Liz date 27 July 2007 publisher Environmental Research Web accessdate 17 October 2010 ref References Reflist External links http www.columbia.edu cu chemistry fac bios parkin faculty.html Parkin homepage http www.columbia.edu cu chemistry groups parkin index.html The Parkin Website Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Parkin, Gerard ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Parkin, Gerard Category Chemists Category Alumni of The Queen s College, Oxford Category California Institute of Technology people Category Columbia University faculty Category Living people Category Year of birth missing living people chem ... more details
orphan date January 2010 A chalcogel or properly metal chalcogenide aerogel is an aerogel made from chalcogen s the column of elements on the periodic table beginning with oxygen such as sulfur and selenium, with cadmium, tellurium, platinum, and other elements. ref cite web title Heavy Metal Filter Made Largely from Air url http www.sciam.com article.cfm?chanId sa003&articleId 044B7489 E7F2 99DF 3433709C76B127DF date 2007 07 26 author Biello, David publisher Scientific American ref Research is ongoing, and metals less expensive than platinum have also been used in its creation. Chalcogels preferentially absorb heavy metals, ref S. Bag et al. http www.sciencemag.org cgi content full 317 5837 490 Porous Semiconducting Gels and Aerogels from Chalcogenide Clusters . Science 2007 07 27 Vol. 317. no. 5837, pp. 490 493, DOI 10.1126 science.1142535 ref showing promise in absorbing pollutants mercury, lead, and cadmium from water. ref Carmichael, Mary. http www.newsweek.com id 32528 First Prize for Weird A bizarre substance, like frozen smoke, may clean up rivers, run cell phones and power spaceships. Newsweek International, 2007 08 13. Retrieved on 2007 08 05. ref In addition, scientists have made one that is claimed to be twice as effective at desulfurization as any current methods. This is a very impressive feat, particularly because until the discovery of chalcogels properties, scientists were beginning to consider desulfurization an optimized process. ref cite web title New Sponge like Material Can Remove Mercury From Water, Separate Hydrogen From Other Gases And Pull Sulfur Out Of Crude Oil url http www.sciencedaily.com releases 2009 05 090517143341.htm date 2009 05 17 publisher ScienceDaily ref Semiconducting metal chalcogenide aerogels, first demonstrated by Professor Stephanie Brock at Wayne State University , show great promise for use in chemical sensors, solar cells, and photoelectrolysis of water. References Reflist External links http www.aerogel.org ?p 560 Detailed ... more details
See also Book Chemical elements saved book title Periodic table subtitle cover image Periodic Table Armtuk3.svg cover color Periodic table Overview Periodic table History of the periodic table History Alternative periodic tables Chemical element Element Isotope Atomic orbital Orbital Groups Group periodic table Group Alkali metal Group I Alkaline earth metal Group II Group 3 element Group III Group 4 element Group IV Group 5 element Group V Group 6 element Group VI Group 7 element Group VII Group 8 element Group VIII Group 9 element Group IX Group 10 element Group X Group 11 element Group XI Group 12 element Group XII Boron group Group XIII Carbon group Group XIV Nitrogen group Group XV Chalcogen Group XVI Halogen Group XVII Group 18 element Group XVIII Periods Period periodic table Period Period 1 element Pediod 1 Period 2 element Pediod 2 Period 3 element Pediod 3 Period 4 element Pediod 4 Period 5 element Pediod 5 Period 6 element Pediod 6 Period 7 element Pediod 7 Extended periodic table Extensions Blocks Periodic table block Block s block p block d block f block Other divisions Actinide Lanthanide Metal Metalloid Noble gas Noble metals Noble metal Nonmetal Platinum group Post transition metal Transactinide element Transuranium element Transition metal See also Table of nuclides Island of stability Category Wikipedia books on the periodic table Category Wikipedia books on chemical elements Category Periodic table ... more details
Symproportionation or comproportionation is a chemical reaction where two reactants, each containing the same element but with a different oxidation number , will form a product with an oxidation number intermediate of the two reactants. For example, an element A in the oxidation states 0 and 2 can symproportionate to the state 1. It is opposite to disproportionation , where two or more atoms of the same element originally having the same oxidation state react with other chemical s or themselves to give different oxidation numbers. Frost diagrams main Frost diagram The tendency of two species to symproportionate can be determined by examining the Frost diagram of the oxidation states if a species value of G F is lower than the line joining the two oxidation numbers either side of it, then it is more stable than a solution of these two species and they will undergo symproportionation. Examples of symproportionation In lead batteries, the spontaneous reaction is Pb s PbO sub 2 sub s 2 H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub aq 2 PbSO sub 4 sub s 2 H sub 2 sub O l Potassium permanganate contains manganese with oxidation number of 7 and reacts with a manganese compound having oxidation number 2 to yield Manganese IV oxide manganese dioxide with oxidation number 4, potassium hydroxide and water. In chalcogen chemistry 15 Se SeCl sub 4 sub 4 AlCl sub 3 sub 2 Se sub 8 sub AlCl sub 4 sub sub 2 sub ref http www.chem.fsu.edu editors alabugin chemical reviews galley.pdf ref In volcanic eruptions, a redox reaction involving sulfur compounds occurs 2 H sub 2 sub S g SO sub 2 sub g 3 S s 2 H sub 2 sub O g In group 7 chemistry IO sub 3 sub sup sup 5 I sup sup 6 H sup sup 3 I sub 2 sub 3 H sub 2 sub O References reflist Translated from German Wiki original Category Chemical reactions de Komproportionierung es Conmutaci n qu mica fr M diamutation zh ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Multiple image direction vertical align right image1 Acetic acid 2D skeletal.svg image2 peracetic acid.png width 100 caption2 Comparison of an acid acetic acid , top and a peroxy acid peracetic acid , bottom A peroxy acid often spelled as one word, peroxyacid , and sometimes called peracid is an acid in which an acidic OH group has been replaced by an OOH group. They are formed chiefly by elements in carbon group groups 14 , nitrogen group 15 and Chalcogen 16 of the periodic table , though boron and certain transition element s are also known to form peroxy acids. Sulfur and phosphorus form the largest range of peroxy acids, including some condensed form such as peroxydiphosphoric acid, H sub 4 sub P sub 2 sub O sub 8 sub and peroxydisulfuric acid , H sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub O sub 8 sub . Because they are generally very powerful oxidizing agents, most peroxyacids are prepared by electrolysis electrolytic oxidation of ordinary oxyacids. Typically a high current density must be used to form the peroxyacid in good yield the electrolysis of sulfuric acid being the most important example. Peroxy acids are generally not very stable in solution and decompose to ordinary oxyacids and oxygen, but relatively more stable anhydrous forms can be made by reacting hydrogen peroxide with chlorosulfonic acid or phosphoryl chloride . All peroxy acids are very powerful oxidizing agent s. Some such acids are peroxy carboxylic acid s, such as Meta Chloroperoxybenzoic acid meta chloroperoxybenzoic acid mCPBA , which is used as a reagent in the Baeyer Villiger oxidation and in oxidation of carbon carbon double bond s in alkene s to generate epoxide s oxiranes . Sodium percarbonate Sodium peroxy carbonate , Na sub 2 sub CO sub 4 sub , is widely used as a household bleach ing agent for textiles, whilst sodium, potassium and ammonium peroxydisulfates Na sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub O sub 8 sub , K sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub O sub 8 sub and NH sub 4 sub sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub ... more details
220 Nitrogen group group 5 bismuth Bi 230 Nitrogen group group 5 Oxygen O 143 215 Chalcogen group 6 Sulfur S 181 255 Chalcogen group 6 Chromium Cr 192 group 6 Selenium Se 198 271 Chalcogen group 6 tellurium Te 205 Chalcogen group 6 Molybdenum Mo 208 group 6 Tungsten W 206 group 6 Fluorine F 134 Halogen ... more details
Gold chalcogenides are compounds formed between gold and one of the chalcogen s, elements from group 16 of the periodic table oxygen , sulfur , selenium , or tellurium . Gold III oxide , Au sub 2 sub O sub 3 sub . decomposes into gold and oxygen above 160 C., and dissolves in concentrated alkalis to form solutions which probably contain the Au OH sub 4 sub sup &minus sup ion Gold I sulfide , Au sub 2 sub S. formed by passing hydrogen sulfide through solutions of gold I compounds Gold III sulfide , Au sub 2 sub S sub 3 sub . unstable in the presence of water Gold tellurides Au sub 2 sub Te sub 3 sub , Au sub 3 sub Te sub 5 sub , and AuTe sub 2 sub approximate formul are known as non stoichiometric compound s. they show metallic conductivity . Au sub 3 sub Te sub 5 sub is a superconductor at very low temperatures. Natural gold tellurides, like calaverite AuTe sub 2 sub and sylvanite AgAuTe sub 4 sub , are minor ores of gold and tellurium . A gold sulfur bond is strong, not only involving inorganic sulfur ligands S sub x sub sup 2 sup but also thiolate s. Gold has a high electronegativity 2.4 on the Pauling scale ref cite book last Verne Biddle first Gregory Parker title Chemistry Precision and Design year 2000 publisher A Beka Academy, Inc. pages 472 ref It forms moderately strong bonds to sulfur 126 146 kJ mol . ref cite journal last1 Nuzzo first1 Ralph last2 Fusco first2 Florence last3 Allara first3 David year 2002 title Preparation and Properties of Solution Adsorbed Monolayers of Organic Disulfides on Gold Surfaces journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. volume 109 issue 8 pages 2358 2368 url http pubs.acs.org doi pdf 10.1021 ja00242a020 doi 109 2358 2368 ref This bond is widely employed to attach biological linkers, functional groups and other molecules to Colloidal gold nanoparticles for research purposes, especially live cell microscopic imaging that depend on gold s surface plasmon resonance . References references Greenwood&Earnshaw Category Gold compounds Category Oxides ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A period 5 element is one of the chemical element s in the fifth row or Periodic table period period of the periodic table periodic table of the elements . They all have 5 electron shells . These are align center style text align center width 80 Chemical elements in the fifth period Periodic table group Group Alkali metal 1 Alkaline earth metal 2 Group 3 element 3 Group 4 element 4 Group 5 element 5 Group 6 element 6 Group 7 element 7 Group 8 element 8 Group 9 element 9 Group 10 element 10 Group 11 element 11 also Coinage metal 11 Group 12 element 12 Boron group 13 Carbon group 14 Nitrogen group 15 also Pnictogen 15 Chalcogen 16 Halogen 17 Noble gas 18 br Name bgcolor FF6666 37 br rubidium Rb bgcolor FFDEAD 38 br strontium Sr bgcolor ffc0c0 39 br yttrium Y bgcolor ffc0c0 40 br zirconium Zr bgcolor ffc0c0 41 br niobium Nb bgcolor ffc0c0 42 br molybdenum Mo bgcolor ffc0c0 43 br technetium Tc bgcolor ffc0c0 44 br ruthenium Ru bgcolor ffc0c0 45 br rhodium Rh bgcolor ffc0c0 46 br palladium Pd bgcolor ffc0c0 47 br silver Ag bgcolor ffc0c0 48 br cadmium Cd bgcolor cccccc 49 br indium In bgcolor cccccc 50 br tin Sn bgcolor cccc99 51 br antimony Sb bgcolor cccc99 52 br tellurium Te bgcolor ffff99 53 br iodine I bgcolor c0ffff 54 br xenon Xe electron configuration e sup sup conf. center Element color legend PeriodicTablesFooter br center DEFAULTSORT Period 5 Element Category Periodic table ar ast Elementos del periodu 5 ca Elements del per ode 5 cy Elfen cyfnod 5 de Periode 5 Element es Elementos del periodo 5 eo Elemento de periodo 5 eu 5. periodoko elementu fa fr l ments de la p riode 5 ko 5 it Elementi del periodo 5 lmo Element del period 5 ms Unsur kala 5 nl Periode 5 element ja 5 sk 5. peri da sr 5. sh 5. perioda hemijskih elemenata ta 5 th 5 tr 5. periyot elementleri vi Chu k nguy n t 5 zh 5 ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A period 6 element is one of the chemical element s in the sixth row or Periodic table period period of the periodic table periodic table of the elements , including the lanthanide s. These are align center style text align center width 80 Chemical elements in the sixth period Periodic table group Group Alkali metal 1 Alkaline earth metal 2 Group 3 element 3 Group 4 element 4 Group 5 element 5 Group 6 element 6 Group 7 element 7 Group 8 element 8 Group 9 element 9 Group 10 element 10 Group 11 element 11 also Coinage metal 11 Group 12 element 12 Boron group 13 Carbon group 14 Nitrogen group 15 also Pnictogen 15 Chalcogen 16 Halogen 17 Noble gas 18 br Name bgcolor FF6666 55 br Caesium Cs bgcolor FFDEAD 56 br Barium Ba bgcolor ffbfff font size 3 57 71 font bgcolor ffc0c0 72 br Hafnium Hf bgcolor ffc0c0 73 br Tantalum Ta bgcolor ffc0c0 74 br Tungsten W bgcolor ffc0c0 75 br Rhenium Re bgcolor ffc0c0 76 br Osmium Os bgcolor ffc0c0 77 br Iridium Ir bgcolor ffc0c0 78 br Platinum Pt bgcolor ffc0c0 79 br Gold Au bgcolor ffc0c0 80 br Mercury element Hg bgcolor cccccc 81 br Thallium Tl bgcolor cccccc 82 br Lead Pb bgcolor cccccc 83 br Bismuth Bi bgcolor cccc99 84 br Polonium Po bgcolor ffff99 85 br Astatine At bgcolor c0ffff 86 br Radon Rn electron configuration e sup sup conf. colspan 19 br colspan 3 align right Lanthanide s bgcolor ffbfff 57 br Lanthanum La bgcolor ffbfff 58 br Cerium Ce bgcolor ffbfff 59 br Praseodymium Pr bgcolor ffbfff 60 br Neodymium Nd bgcolor ffbfff 61 br Promethium Pm bgcolor ffbfff 62 br Samarium Sm bgcolor ffbfff 63 br Europium Eu bgcolor ffbfff 64 br Gadolinium Gd bgcolor ffbfff 65 br Terbium Tb bgcolor ffbfff 66 br Dysprosium Dy bgcolor ffbfff 67 br Holmium Ho bgcolor ffbfff 68 br Erbium Er bgcolor ffbfff 69 br Thulium Tm bgcolor ffbfff 70 br Ytterbium Yb bgcolor ffbfff 71 br Lutetium Lu electron configuration e sup sup conf. center Element color legend PeriodicTablesFooter br center DEFAULTSORT Period 6 Element Cate ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 401051079 ImageFileL1 Selenomethionine 2D skeletal.png ImageSizeL1 130px ImageNameL1 Selenomethionine chemical structure ImageFileR1 Selenomethionine from xtal 3D balls.png IUPACName 2 amino 4 methylselanyl butanoic acid OtherNames MSE Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 14375 InChI 1 C5H11NO2Se c1 9 3 2 4 6 5 7 8 h4H,2 3,6H2,1H3, H,7,8 InChIKey RJFAYQIBOAGBLC UHFFFAOYAT StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C5H11NO2Se c1 9 3 2 4 6 5 7 8 h4H,2 3,6H2,1H3, H,7,8 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey RJFAYQIBOAGBLC UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 3211 76 5 PubChem 15103 SMILES C Se CCC C O O N Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 5 sub H sub 11 sub NO sub 2 sub Se MolarMass 196.106 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Selenomethionine is an amino acid containing selenium . The L enantiomer small L small enantiomer of selenomethionine, known as Se met and Sem, is a common natural food source of selenium . In vivo, selenomethionine is randomly incorporated instead of methionine and is readily oxidized. Its antioxidant activity arises from its ability to deplete reactive species. Selenium and sulfur are chalcogen elements that share many chemical properties and the substitution of methionine to selenomethionine may have no effect on protein structure and function. However, the incorporation of selenomethionine into tissue proteins and keratin in horses causes alkali disease. Alkali disease is characterized by emaciation, loss of hair, deformation and shedding of hooves, loss of vitality and erosion of the joints of long bones. Incorporation of selenomethionine into proteins in place of methionine aids the structure elucidation of proteins by X ray crystallography using multi wavelength anomalous diffraction MAD . The incorporation of heavy atoms such as selenium helps solving the phase ... more details
Onium compounds are cations derived by the protonation of mononuclear parent hydride s of elements of the nitrogen group Group 15 , chalcogen s Group 16 , or halogen s Group 17 , and similar cations derived by the substitution of hydrogen atoms in the former by other groups, such as organic radicals, or halogens, for example tetramethylammonium, and further derivatives having polyvalent additions, such as iminium and nitrilium . IUPAC definition http goldbook.iupac.org O04291.html other definitions vary. They are also known as onium ions . Compounds of these ions are known as onium salts . Onium ions have a charge of 1 double onium ions have a charge of 2, and so on. Simple onium cations sorted by periodic table GROUP and then Period SYSTEMATIC name first Group 15 nitrogen group onium cations ammonium , a.k.a. azanium, chem NH 4 protonated ammonia , a.k.a. azane phosphonium , chem PH 4 protonated phosphine arsonium , chem AsH 4 protonated arsine stibonium , chem SbH 4 protonated stibine bismuthonium , chem BiH 4 protonated bismuthine Group 16 chalcogen onium cations oxonium ion oxonium , better known as hydronium , chem H 3 O protonated water molecule water Hydronium implies a solvation solvated or hydrated proton. May be called hydroxonium for disambiguation. sulfonium , chem H 3 S protonated hydrogen sulfide selenonium , chem H 3 Se protonated hydrogen selenide telluronium , chem H 3 Te protonated hydrogen telluride Group 17 halogen onium cations, halonium ion s, chem H 2 X protonated hydrogen halide s fluoronium , chem H 2 F protonated hydrogen fluoride chloronium , chem H 2 Cl protonated hydrogen chloride bromonium , chem H 2 Br protonated hydrogen bromide iodonium , chem H 2 I protonated hydrogen iodide Group 14 carbon group onium cations these ions use similar naming schemes. they do not strictly meet the IUPAC definition above methanium , chem CH 5 protonated methane Sometimes methonium, but it has multiple definitions. Should not be called carbonium ion carb ... more details
compounds, on chalcogen halogen compounds and on transition metal oxo compounds which were supported ... development of boron chalcogen chemistry. Besides novel binary and ternary boron sulfur and boron ... more details
lowercase p block Unreferenced date July 2009 align right style margin 0 0 1em 1em Chemical elements in p block Periodic table group Group Boron group 13 Carbon group 14 Nitrogen group 15 also Pnictogen 15 Chalcogen 16 Halogen 17 Noble gas 18 Periodic table period Period Period 2 element 2 element cell 5 Boron B Solid Metalloids Primordial element cell 6 Carbon C Solid Nonmetals Primordial element cell 7 Nitrogen N Gas Nonmetals Primordial element cell 8 Oxygen O Gas Nonmetals Primordial element cell 9 Fluorine F Gas Halogens Primordial element cell 10 Neon Ne Gas Noble gases Primordial Period 3 element 3 element cell 13 Aluminium Al Solid Poor metals Primordial element cell 14 Silicon Si Solid Metalloids Primordial element cell 15 Phosphorus P Solid Nonmetals Primordial element cell 16 Sulfur S Solid Nonmetals Primordial element cell 17 Chlorine Cl Gas Halogens Primordial element cell 18 Argon Ar Gas Noble gases Primordial Period 4 element 4 element cell 31 Gallium Ga Solid Poor metals Primordial element cell 32 Germanium Ge Solid Metalloids Primordial element cell 33 Arsenic As Solid Metalloids Primordial element cell 34 Selenium Se Solid Nonmetals Primordial element cell 35 Bromine Br Liquid Halogens Primordial element cell 36 Krypton Kr Gas Noble gases Primordial Period 5 element 5 element cell 49 Indium In Solid Poor metals Primordial element cell 50 Tin Sn Solid Poor metals Primordial element cell 51 Antimony Sb Solid Metalloids Primordial element cell 52 Tellurium Te Solid Metalloids Primordial element cell 53 Iodine I Solid Halogens Primordial element cell 54 Xenon Xe Gas Noble gases Primordial Period 6 element 6 element cell 81 Thallium Tl Solid Poor metals Primordial element cell 82 Lead Pb Solid Poor metals Primordial element cell 83 Bismuth Bi Solid Poor metals Primordial element cell 84 Polonium Po Solid Metalloids Natural radio element cell 85 Astatine At Solid Halogens Natural radio element cell 86 Radon Rn Gas Noble gases Natural radio Period 7 eleme ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A period 4 element is one of the chemical element s in the fourth row or Periodic table period period of the periodic table periodic table of the elements . These are align center style text align center width 80 class wikitable Chemical elements in the fourth period small Periodic table group Group small Alkali metal 1 Alkaline earth metal 2 Group 3 element 3 Group 4 element 4 Group 5 element 5 Group 6 element 6 Group 7 element 7 Group 8 element 8 Group 9 element 9 Group 10 element 10 Group 11 element 11 also Coinage metal 11 Group 12 element 12 Boron group 13 Carbon group 14 Nitrogen group 15 also Pnictogen 15 Chalcogen 16 Halogen 17 Noble gas 18 small Atomic number br Name small bgcolor FF6666 19 br Potassium K bgcolor FFDEAD 20 br calcium Ca bgcolor ffc0c0 21 br scandium Sc bgcolor ffc0c0 22 br titanium Ti bgcolor ffc0c0 23 br Vanadium V bgcolor ffc0c0 24 br chromium Cr bgcolor ffc0c0 25 br manganese Mn bgcolor ffc0c0 26 br iron Fe bgcolor ffc0c0 27 br cobalt Co bgcolor ffc0c0 28 br nickel Ni bgcolor ffc0c0 29 br copper Cu bgcolor ffc0c0 30 br Zinc Zn bgcolor cccccc 31 br gallium Ga bgcolor cccc99 32 br germanium Ge bgcolor cccc99 33 br arsenic As bgcolor a0ffa0 34 br selenium Se bgcolor ffff99 35 br bromine Br bgcolor c0ffff 36 br krypton Kr small electron configuration br all begin with Ar small 4s sup 1 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 1 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 2 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 3 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 5 sup 4s sup 1 sup 3d sup 5 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 6 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 7 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 8 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 1 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 2 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 2 sup 4p sup 1 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 2 sup 4p sup 2 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 2 sup 4p sup 3 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 2 sup 4p sup 4 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 2 sup 4p sup 5 sup 3d sup 10 sup 4s sup 2 sup 4p sup 6 sup center Element color legend PeriodicTablesFooter br center DEFAULTSORT Period 4 Element Category Periodic table ar ... more details
Collective names of groups of like elements is the term used by IUPAC to describe IUPAC nomenclature nomenclature for categorization of chemical element s. ref http www.iupac.org reports provisional abstract04 connelly 310804.html IUPAC Provisional Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry 2004 online draft of an updated version of the Red Book IR 3 6.2 ref The following names are approved by IUPAC Alkali metal s The metals of group 1 Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr. Alkaline earth metal s The metals of group 2 Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra. Pnictogen s The elements of group 15 N, P, As, Sb, Bi. Chalcogen s The elements of group 16 O, S, Se, Te, Po. Halogen s The elements of group 17 F, Cl, Br, I, At. Noble gas es The elements of group 18 He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn. Lanthanoid s Elements 57 71 La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu. Actinoid s Elements 89 103 Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr. Rare earth element s Sc, Y, and the lanthanoids. Transition metal s Elements in groups 3 to 12. SITENAME uses the below hybrid system in its periodic table and chemical element related articles Same as the IUPAC system above for Alkali metals, Alkaline earth metals, Halogens, Noble gases, Lanthanoids, Actinoids, and Transition metals. Rare earth elements, Pnictogens and Chalcogens are not used. Leftover elements are grouped as Other metal s Metals that are not otherwise categorized Al, Ga, In, Sn, Tl, Pb, Bi Metalloid s B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po Other non metal s Non metals that are not otherwise categorized C, N, O, P, S, Se, H Many other names for groups of elements are in common use, and yet others have been used throughout history. Some examples include Precious metal Variously defined group of non radioactive metals of high economical value Platinum group Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt. Noble metal Variously defined group of metals that are generally resistant to corrosion. Usually includes Ag, Au, and the platinum group metals. Coinage me ... more details
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