About the scientific device the Christian camp Centrifuge camps spin direction in quantum mechanics Spin ... tabletop centrifuge. A centrifuge is a piece of equipment, generally driven by an electric ... a force perpendicular to the axis. The centrifuge works using the Sedimentation sedimentation ... right thumb 200px A 19th century hand cranked laboratory centrifuge. English military ... drag . In 1864, Antonin Prandtl invented the first dairy centrifuge in order to separate cream ... its commercial application feasible. Types There are at least six types of centrifuge citation needed date January 2011 preparative centrifuge analytical centrifuge angle fixed centrifuge swing head centrifuge haematocrit centrifuge continuous tubular centrifuge Industrial centrifuges may otherwise ... centrifuge Simple centrifuges are used in chemistry, biology, and biochemistry for isolating and separating ... two, four, six, or many more numbered wells within which the samples, contained in centrifuge tubes, may be placed. Isotope separation Other centrifuges, the first being the Zippe type centrifuge , separate .... Gas centrifuge s are used in uranium enrichment . The heavier isotope of uranium uranium 238 in the uranium hexafluoride gas tends to concentrate at the walls of the centrifuge as it spins, while ... the centrifuge. It takes many thousands of centrifuges to enrich uranium enough for use in a nuclear ... enrichment for use in nuclear weapons . File 20G centrifuge.jpg thumb 200px The 20 G centrifuge at the NASA ... Air Force Base , New Mexico operates a human centrifuge. The centrifuge at Holloman AFB is operated ... Odyssey film 2001 A Space Odyssey . Geotechnical Centrifuge Modeling Geotechnical centrifuge modeling is used for physical testing of models involving soils. Centrifuge acceleration is applied to scale ... books?id mzQlFBqJC1wC&pg RA1 PA186&dq centrifuge earthquake PRA1 PA135,M1 isbn 0415415861 year ... using a combination of a centrifuge and a motion simulator to simulate the feeling of going into space ... more details
Image Gas centrifuge nrc.png thumb Diagram of a gas centrifuge. A gas centrifuge is a device that performs isotope separation of gases. A centrifuge relies on the principles of centripetal force accelerating ... 235 from uranium 238 . The gas centrifuge was developed to replace the gaseous diffusion method ... diffusion process. Centrifugal process The centrifuge relies on the force resulting from centripetal ... Basics of Centrifuge Cole Parmer ref The dense heavier molecules move towards the wall and the lighter .... Each centrifuge receives one input and produces two output lines, corresponding to light and heavy Fraction chemistry fractions . The input of each centrifuge is the output heavy of the previous centrifuge and the output light of the following stage. This produces an almost pure light fraction from the output light of the first centrifuge and an almost pure heavy fraction from the output heavy of the last centrifuge. Gas centrifugation process Image Gas centrifuge cascade.jpg thumb Cascade of gas centrifuges used to produce enriched uranium. U.S. gas centrifuge plant in Piketon, Ohio, 1984. Each centrifuge is some 40ft tall. Deleted image removed File Ahmadinejad at Natanz.jpg thumb ... process utilizes a unique design that allows gas to constantly flow in and out of the centrifuge. Unlike most centrifuges which rely on batch processing , the gas centrifuge utilizes continuous processing, allowing cascading, in which multiple identical processes occur in succession. The gas centrifuge ... for material to travel. The gas centrifuge is designed with a casing that completely encloses the centrifuge. ref name third http www.globalsecurity.org wmd intro u centrifuge.htm Gas Centrifuge Uranium ..., one located at the top of the centrifuge and the other located at the bottom. The heavier molecules will segregate to the bottom of the centrifuge while the lighter molecules will segregate to the top of the centrifuge. The output lines take these separations to other centrifuges to continue to the centrifugation ... more details
Refimprove date February 2008 Infobox laboratory equipment name Laboratory centrifuge image Tabletop centrifuge.jpg alt See Wikipedia Alternative text for images caption A tabletop laboratory centrifuge acronym other names uses Separation process Separation inventor manufacturer model related Gas centrifuge br Ultracentrifuge A laboratory centrifuge is a piece of laboratory equipment , driven by a motor ... and the sample capacity. Like all other centrifuge s, laboratory centrifuges work by the Sedimentation ... centrifuge There are various types of centrifugation Differential centrifugation , often used to separate ..., Hettich, Beckmann Coulter, MSE centrifuges MSE , Sigma and Awel. Centrifuge tubes Centrifuge tubes or centrifuge tips are tapered tubes of various sizes made of glass or plastic . They may vary in capacity .... Glass centrifuge tubes can be used with most solvents, but tend to be more expensive. They can be cleaned like other laboratory glassware, and can be sterilized by autoclaving. Plastic centrifuge ... centrifuge tubes are used. They are more difficult to clean thoroughly, and are usually inexpensive enough to be considered disposable. Safety The load in a laboratory centrifuge must be carefully ... and may result in damage to the centrifuge or personal injury. Some centrifuges have an automatic rotor .... Before starting a centrifuge, an accurate check of the rotor and lid locking mechanisms is mandatory. Centrifuge rotors should never be touched while moving, because a spinning rotor can cause serious ... as the main lid is locked during the run. Centrifuge rotors have tremendous kinetic energy during ..., and generally results in total destruction of the centrifuge. While centrifuges generally have safety ..., or the entire centrifuge unit may be propelled from its position, resulting in damage to nearby personnel ... and cabinetry. To reduce the risk of rotor failures, centrifuge manufactures specify operating ... last Cornell University EH&S title Centrifuge Accident url http www.ehs.cornell.edu chem lab safety ... more details
Southern Baptists Centrifuge is the name of a series of Christian summer camps for children, youth, and young adults centered on Bible study, worship, missions work, and recreational activities. It is sponsored ... Centrifuge has been the official youth camp of the Southern Baptist Convention. What started out as a few ... into a youth ministry movement. Centrifuge camps are unique in that there is not a central camp ... or convention style hotel rooms. Because of this decentralized approach, Centrifuge staffs usually ... people have experienced Centrifuge and its associated camps. Programming Centrifuge camps are open ... and God. The Centrifuge experience includes Strong small group youth Bible study, led by a trained ... schedule Though Centrifuge camps vary slightly at each location due to differences in personnel and available facilities, a typical day at Centrifuge would include Official Schedule from 2011 Centrifuge ... aaa solid border collapse collapse font size 95 Time Event 7 00 a.m. Breakfast Quiet Time ref Food at Centrifuge ... during each normal day of Centrifuge. During these times, campers attend Christian discipleship classes ... the church with whom they came to Centrifuge for a devotion led by the leader of that group. ref ... 2006, there were Centrifuge camps located Ridgecrest Conference Center Ridgecrest, North Carolina Glorieta ... Glory M Fuge M Fuge originally started in 1996 and was the second Centrifuge spin off. M Fuge takes the traditional Centrifuge structure and reorients it toward mission work. Instead of offering classes ... in grades 7 12 and college students. CentriKid CentriKid originally started in 2000. This Centrifuge spin off takes the Centrifuge structure and repackages it for students in grades 3 6, with less emphasis ... originally started in 1986. It was the first Centrifuge spin off. Crosspoint is designed to combine the structure of Centrifuge with the sports skills teaching of the traditional sports daycamp. The programming ... of a normal Centrifuge camp and removes many of the traditional summer camp aspects, like assemblies ... more details
Image ISS Centrifuge Accommodations Module.jpg thumb right 300px ISS Centrifuge Accommodations Module The Centrifuge Accommodations Module CAM is a cancelled element of the International Space Station . Although the module was planned to contain more than the a centrifuge , the convert 2.5 m ft abbr on centrifuge still was considered the most important capability of the module. The centrifuge would have provided controlled acceleration rates artificial gravity for experiments and the capability to Expose a variety of biological specimens that are less than convert 24.5 in m abbr on tall to artificial gravity levels between 0.01g and 2g. Simultaneously provide two different artificial gravity levels. Provide partial g and hyper g environment for specimens to investigate altered gravity effects and g thresholds. Provide short duration and partial g and hyper g environment for specimens to investigate temporal effects of gravity exposure. Provide Earth simulation environment on ISS to isolate microgravity effects on specimens. Provide Earth simulation environment on ISS to allow specimens to recover from microgravity effects. Provide in situ 1g controls for specimens in micro gravity. File Centrifuge ISS in TKSC 01.jpg thumb The partly built shell of the Centrifuge Accommodations Module ... ISS Elements Centrifuge Accommodation Module CAM ref The CAM flight model along with the engineering model of the centrifuge rotor were manufactured. The CAM would have been attached to the Harmony ... is the Centrifuge Accommodation Module CAM ? ref ref http map.yahoo.co.jp pl?type scroll&lat 36.06141509 ... centrifuge for the International Space Station. ref http www.whitehouse.gov omb factsheet department ... cs Centrifuge Accommodations Module de Centrifuge Accommodations Module fr Centrifuge Accommodations Module it Centrifuge Accommodations Module hu Centrifuge Accomodations Module ja pl Centrifuge Accommodations Module pt M dulo CAM ISS ru sr ... more details
The Zippe type centrifuge is a device designed to collect Uranium 235 . It was developed in the Soviet .... The centrifuge is named after the team s lead experimenter, Gernot Zippe . ref name nyt2004 cite ... centrifuge with U 238 represented in dark blue and U 235 represented in light blue. Centrifuge uranium ... than U 238. Separation efficiency in a centrifuge depends on weight difference. Separation of uranium isotopes requires a centrifuge that can spin at 1,500 revolutions per second 90,000 Revolutions ... printable ref 2500 3333 revolutions per second . A Zippe type centrifuge has a hollow, cylindrical ... the U 238 down. The U 235 moves up, where scoops collect it. ref name nyt2004 Each centrifuge ... were years behind in their centrifuge technology. He was able to reproduce his design at the University ... the 1960s, he and his colleagues made the centrifuge more efficient by changing the material of the rotor ... speed. This improved centrifuge design is used by the commercial company Urenco Group Urenco to produce ... flexing of the rotor, as well as careful speed control to ensure that the centrifuge does not operate for very long at speeds where resonance is a problem. The Zippe type centrifuge is difficult to build ... increases the risk of nuclear proliferation . Gas centrifugeCentrifuge cascades also have much ... in large numbers. The P1 centrifuge uses an aluminum rotor, and the P2 centrifuge uses a maraging ... http www.cramster.com reference wiki.aspx?wiki name Zippe type centrifuge ref The western sources ... version of the technology. Russian and Soviet sources dispute the account of Soviet centrifuge ... of the German part of the Soviet centrifuge effort, which was started by German refugee Fritz ... for the project for two years from 1953. Since the centrifuge project was top secret the Soviets did ... bukharinrussianenrichmentcomplexjan2004.pdf RUSSIA S GASEOUS CENTRIFUGE TECHNOLOGY AND URANIUM ENRICHMENT COMPLEX ref See also Isotope separation Gas centrifuge Ultracentrifuge Magnetic levitation ... more details
File Geotechnical centrifuge at the University of California, Davis..png thumb 9 m radius geotechnical centrifuge at the University of California, Davis Geotechnical centrifuge modeling is a technique ... model model is typically constructed in the laboratory and then loaded onto the end of the centrifuge, which is typically between 0.2 and 10 m in radius. The purpose of spinning the models on the centrifuge ... N. Schofield e.g. Schofield 1980 played a key role in modern development of centrifuge modeling. Principles of Centrifuge Modeling Typical Applications File Centrifuge Model of a Port Structure.png thumb Model of a port structure loaded on the UC Davis centrifuge A geotechnical centrifuge is used to test ... in ground water, frost heave and sea ice. The centrifuge may be useful for scale modeling of any ... on the Centrifuge Geotechnical materials such as soil and rock have nonlinear mechanical properties that depend on the effective confining stress and stress history. The centrifuge applies an increased ... non aqueous phase liquids. Centrifuge model testing provides data to improve our understanding ... math x , math . Garnier et al. 2007 . The reason for spinning a model on a centrifuge ... gravity. In the conventional form of centrifuge modeling Garnier et al. 2007 , it is typical ... and prototype, i.e., math rho 1 , math Furthermore, in conventional centrifuge modeling all ... be derived from the above relationships. The table below summarizes common scale factors for centrifuge testing. Scale Factors for Centrifuge Model Tests from Garnier et al 2007 Table is suggested to be added here Value of Centrifuge in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering File Schematic Piles In Centrifuge ... thumb Excavation of a centrifuge model after liquefaction and lateral spreading. Large ... away before engineers have an opportunity to adequately study the failure modes. Centrifuge modeling ... can compared in a repeatable scientific series of tests. Verification of Numerical Models Centrifuge ... more details
Summary Non free use rationale Article 2001 A Space Odyssey film Description The centrifuge set used for filming scenes depicting interior of the spaceship Discovery, shown in use on the film 2001 A Space Odyssey film Source cite book last Bizony first Piers title 2001 Filming the Future publisher Sidgwick and Jackson year 2001 location London isbn 1 85410 706 2 Portion Full Low resolution Yes Purpose Provides a representative visual reference for an element in the article, which is discussed in the article s prose with referenced commentary. Replaceability No other information ... more details
Zipp is a bicycle parts manufacturer. Zipp e or Zipp may also refer to Robbie Zipp born 1963 , American soccer player Thomas Zipp born 1966 , German artist Bettina Zipp born 1972 , former German sprinter Gernot Zippe born 1918 , Austrian engineer who invented the Zippe type centrifuge Zippe type centrifuge , a centrifuge used in the extraction of U 235 Zipp musical a West End musical revue Zipp, Indiana an unincorporated community within Evansville, Indiana See also Zip disambiguation Zipper disambiguation Zippy disambiguation disambig Category Surnames de Zipp ... more details
Summary Centrifuge at Casino Pier. Photo by Ryan Painter, http photos.tideblue.com Licensing PD self date October 2006 Copy to Wikimedia Commons bot Fbot priority true ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Centifugually formed film growth is a process used to form thin layers of materials by using a centrifuge . It is used commercially to make thin layers of silicon for use in solar cell s. When used for forming thin layers of silicon , the centrifuge runs at a temperature of approximately 1,400 C. DEFAULTSORT Centifugually Formed Film Growth Category Industrial processes Industry stub ... more details
Mergefrom K factor centrifugation discuss Talk Clearing factor Merger proposal date April 2009 In centrifugation the clearing factor or k factor represents the relative pelleting efficiency of a given centrifuge rotor at maximum rotation speed. It can be used to estimate the time math t math in hours required for sedimentation of a fraction with a known sedimentation coefficient math s math in svedberg s math t frac k s math The value of the clearing factor depends on the maximum angular velocity math omega math of a centrifuge in rad s and the minimum and maximum radius math r math of the Turbine rotor math k frac ln r rm max r rm min omega 2 times frac 10 13 3600 math As the rotational speed of a centrifuge is usually specified in RPM , the following formula is often used for convenience math k frac 2.53 cdot 10 5 times ln r rm max r rm min rm RPM 1000 2 math Centrifuge manufacturers usually specify the minimum, maximum and average radius of a rotor, as well as the math k math factor of a centrifuge rotor combination. For runs with a rotational speed lower than the maximum rotor speed, the math k math factor has to be adjusted math k rm adj k left frac mbox maximum rotor speed mbox actual rotor speed right math sup 2 sup References http www.beckmancoulter.com resourcecenter labresources resource centrif.asp Beckman Coulter lab resources and manuals http homepages.gac.edu cellab appds appd f.html Appendix F of the http homepages.gac.edu cellab index 1.html Cell Biology Laboratory Manual Category Laboratory techniques Category Unit operations ... more details
Eppendorf can refer to Eppendorf, Saxony , a German town in the Freiberg district in Saxony Hamburg Eppendorf , a quarter of Hamburg Eppendorf, Bochum Eppendorf company , a biotechnology company in Hamburg Eppendorf Laboratory centrifuge Microcentrifuge tubes Microcentrifuge tubes , some laboratory tubes also known as Eppendorf tubes , named after the company disambig de Eppendorf Begriffskl rung es Eppendorf fr Eppendorf it Eppendorf disambigua pl Eppendorf ru ... more details
orphan date January 2008 Hydroextractors are machines which are used in textile processing industry. These are mainly centrifuge s. The material wet material is placed in the extractor, which has a wall of Expanded metal perforated metal , generally stainless steel . the internal drum rotates at high speed thus throwing out the water contained in it. The use of hydroextractor significantly reduces the energy required to dry any material. Category Centrifuges ... more details
of microgravity effects of microgravity on human health , the spacecraft would be equipped with a centrifuge ... title NASA NAUTILUS X multi mission exploration vehicle includes centrifuge, which would be tested ... habitable centrifuge, inflatable modules for logistical stores and crew use, solar power arrays ... deck. On the other end of the docking port is the spacecraft s centrifuge which is equipped with an external dynamic ring flywheel . Behind the centrifuge are water and dihydrogen slush tanks, storage units, which serve as radiation mitigating for the crew in the centrifuge, by creating safe ... specific propulsion units Current status ISS centrifuge demonstration File ISS demo annotated.png thumb ISS demo annotated In order to assess and characterize influences and effects of the centrifuge ... centrifuge first would be tested on the ISS . This demonstrator also utilizes Hoberman sphere inflatable and expandable structures. If produced, this centrifuge will be the first in space demonstration of sufficient scale centrifuge for artificial partial g effects. ref name holderman onscribd ... shows the partial g gravity created by the centrifuge depending on its rotations per minute. class ... used on ComSats would be used to get the centrifuge to start and maintain the centrifuge s rotations ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image Blood centrifugation scheme.png thumb 150px Blood components after centrifugation. Image Sstvacutainer small.jpg thumb 150px Blood after centrifuging in an SST tube. Blood fractionation is the process of fractionation fractionating whole blood , or separating it into its component parts. This is typically done by centrifuge centrifuging the blood . The resulting components are a clear solution of blood plasma in the upper phase which can be separated into its own fractions, see Blood plasma fractionation , the buffy coat , which is a thin layer of leukocyte s white blood cells mixed with platelet s in the middle, and erythrocyte s red blood cells at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. Serum separating tube Serum separation tubes SSTs are tubes used in Venipuncture phlebotomy containing a silicone gel when centrifuged the silicone gel forms a layer on top of the buffy coat, allowing the blood plasma to be removed more effectively for testing and related purposes. See also Blood plasma fractionation Category Blood Medicine stub ... more details
George Washington Carver laboratory equipment align center style width 80 background color white Laboratory set up Laboratory set up of equipment that George Washington Carver used to do his experiment s. Equipment included distilling apparatus , crucible holder , microscope , crucible s, reagent bottle s, ring stand , steam heater , burner, peanut apothecary , grain scale , mortar and pestle , and centrifuge . From http www.cr.nps.gov museum treasures html L labsetup.htm PD USGov Interior NPS Copy to Wikimedia Commons bot Svenbot Orphan image ... more details
Vector version available Apheresis.svg A diagram to show how apheresis works, created by Viki Male 17 09 04 GFDL with disclaimers migration relicense Diagram is inaccurate in that the red cell layer is shown on the bottom of the centrifuge bowl with the buffy coat and plasma above in fact the red cell layer should be located at the extreme left and right of the bowl with the plasma layer nearer the centerline, and surfaces parallel to the shaft of the bowl, since the blood is separated by centrifugal force. User Susato susato User talk Susato talk 20 03, 6 November 2008 UTC ... more details
Summary The Centrifuge in Discovery One seen here, astronaut Frank Poole is jogging around its circumference like a hamster in a cage. Licensing Non free film screenshot Rationale of fair use for 2001 A Space Odyssey film The screenshot is of lower resolution and quality than the original film copies made from it will be of inferior quality . No free or public domain images have been located for this content. The screenshot does not limit the copyright owners rights to distribute the film on television or DVDs in any way. The screenshot is used to illustrate something described in the article s . The screenshot is being used for informational purposes only, and its use is not believed to detract from the original film in any way. ... more details
Refimprove date September 2007 Image EvaporatorCutaway.jpg thumb Cutaway image of HT 4X Centrifugal Evaporator A centrifugal evaporator is a device used in chemical and biochemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle evaporation of solvents from many samples at the same time, and samples contained in microtitre plates. If only one sample required evaporation then a rotary evaporator is most often used. The most advanced modern centrifugal evaporators not only concentrate many samples at the same time, they eliminate solvent Bumping chemistry bumping and can handle solvents with boiling points of up to 220 C. This is more than adequate for the modern high throughput laboratory. Design A centrifugal evaporator often comprises a vacuum pump connected to a centrifuge chamber in which the samples are placed. Many systems also have a cold trap or solvent condenser placed in line between the vacuum pump and the centrifuge chamber to collect the evaporated solvents. The most efficient systems also have a cold trap on the pump exhaust. There are many further developments available from manufacturers to speed up the process, and to provide protection for delicate samples. The system works by lowering the pressure in the centrifuge system as the pressure drops so does the boiling point of the solvent s in the system. When the pressure is sufficiently low that the boiling points of the solvents are below the temperature of the sample holder, then they will boil. This enables solvent to be rapidly removed while the samples themselves are not heated to damaging temperatures. High performance systems can remove very high boiling solvents such as DMSO or NMP while keeping sample temperatures below 40 sup o sup C at all times. The centrifugal force generated by spinning the centrifuge rotor creates a pressure gradient within the solvent contained in the tubes or vials, this means that the samples boil from the top down, helping to prevent bumping . The most advanced systems ap ... more details
Dicdef Mud weight http www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com Display.cfm?Term mud 20weight as described in the oil industry oilfield is the density weight of the drilling fluid and is normally measured in pounds per gallon lb sub m sub gal or ppg . In the field it is measured using a mud scale or mud balance . In conventional drilling fluid s, barite is used to incresase the density weight . Though other additives such as halite salt or calcium carbonate can also be used. Mud weight can be decreased by dilution or solids control equipment such as an industrial centrifuge . Petroleum stub Category Petroleum engineering Category Oilfield terminology ... more details
Mergeto Clearing factor discuss Talk Clearing factor date April 2009 Orphan date February 2009 In centrifugation , the K factor represents the clearing factor of a centrifuge rotor at maximum rotation speed. This factor can be used to determine the time required for pelleting a fraction with a known sedimentation coefficient . The lower the K factor, the more efficient the pelleting will be. The K factor can be calculated by the formula ref http www.coleparmer.com techinfo techinfo.asp?htmlfile basic centrifugation.htm&ID 30 Basics of Centrifugation ref math K frac 2.53 10 11 ln r max r min RPM 2 math Where math r max math is the maximum radius from the axis of rotation, and math r min math is the minimum radius from the axis of rotation. These parameters are usually available from the centrifuge rotor manufacturer. math RPM math is the speed in revolutions per minute. The K factor is related to the sedimentation coefficient math S math by the formula math T frac K S math Where math T math is the time to pellet a certain particle in hours. Since math S math is a constant for a certain particle, this relationship can be used to interconvert between different rotors. math frac T 1 K 1 frac T 2 K 2 math Where math T 1 math is the time to pellet in one rotor, and math K 1 math is the K factor of that rotor. math K 2 math is the K factor of the other rotor, and math T 2 math , the time to pellet in the other rotor, can be calculated. In this manner, one does not need access to the exact rotor cited in a protocol, as long as the K factor can be calculated. http www.google.com search?q centrifuge 20calculator Many online calculators are available to perform the calculations for common rotors references Category Laboratory techniques Category Unit operations Category Article Feedback 5 fluiddynamics stub ... more details
the Zippe type centrifuge , a centrifuge machine for the collection of Uranium 235 sup 235 sup U ... camp where he led a team that worked on centrifuge research for the Soviet Union . ref cite web ... 1957 10 08 ref . In Soviet Union Zippe worked at Physics Institute in Sukhumi town on centrifuge project ... . When Zippe visited a 1957 conference on centrifuge research in Amsterdam , he realized the rest ... when he left the Soviet Union, but working from memory, he was able to recreate the centrifuge at the University ... of the centrifuge. He enjoyed flying and flew planes until he was 80 years old. Citation needed ... or kill your neighbor, it s up to governments to use the centrifuge for the benefit of mankind. Citation ... high speed centrifuge rotor 1966 ,http www.freepatentsonline.com 3248046.pdf, Feltman s theories were ... composite material rotors that would allow centrifuge rotors to be rotated at much higher RPM. References ... more details
The National Enrichment Facility NEF is a plant for the uranium enrichment enrichment of uranium . The plant uses a gas centrifuge technology known as Zippe type centrifuge s. It is located 5 miles east of Eunice, New Mexico . ref http www.nrc.gov materials fuel cycle fac lesfacility.html NRC Louisiana Energy Services LES Gas Centrifuge Facility ref The NEF is operated by Louisiana Energy Services LES which is in turn owned by the Urenco Group . As of 2011, LES operates as URENCO USA. NEF employs a new type of license, the 10 CFR Part 2. It is a combination license granted by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRC allowing the plant to proceed directly from construction to operation. First of its kind, this means NEF will be closely watched by many parties in the nuclear community. The original proposed budget was USD 1.5 billion, but this increased to USD 3 billion for an enlarged facility capable of 5.9 million SWU at full capacity. ref name LES 20090416 citation url http bus.utpb.edu media files sob Jim 20Hawkins 20PPT.pdf title The LES Story Looking Forward Innovative Energy Commercialization Opportunities date April 16, 2009 publisher Louisiana Energy Services accessdate 2009 06 27 ref Since the Dedication Ceremony in October 2008, the company has grown to 236 employees with an annual payroll of USD 23 million. At full capacity, NEF can provide 50 of the current enriched uranium demand for civilian nuclear power plants in the U.S. ref name LES 20090416 The NEF commenced operations in June 2010. ref citation url http www.urenco.com content 325 URENCO USA now operational receives Nuclear Regulatory Commission feed stock authorisation .aspx title Commencement of operations ref Timeline 23 June 2006 LES was granted license to commence building the facility. 29 August 2006 Groundbreaking ceremony takes place at the NEF site. 22 October 2008 Dedication ceremony 15 February 2009 First shipment of Uranium hexafluoride for acceptance testing 10 June 2010 Received authori ... more details
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