Compact Disc Recordable CDR logo trademark Optical disc authoring A CDR Compact Disc Recordable is a variation of the Compact Disc invented by Philips and Sony . CDR is a Write Once Read Many WORM ... R retains a high level of compatibility with standard CD readers, unlike CD RW which can be re written ... Rs The CDR, originally named CD W rite O nce WO , specification was first published in 1988 by Philips ... WO, CD MO M agneto O ptic , and CD RW R e W ritable . The latest editions have abandoned the use of the term CD WO in favor of CDR , while CD MO were very little used. Written CD Rs and CD RWs ... layer defined for CD ROM . CDR recording systems available in 1990 were similar to the washing ... web 20030202233907 http www.roxio.com en support cdr historycdr.html Roxio history of CDR from Roxio ... Yuden made it possible for CDR discs to be compatible with Audio CD and CD ROM discs. Initially in the United ... the RIAA arrangement, while computer CDR drives can use either type of media to burn either type of content ... Unreferenced section date March 2009 A standard CDR is a 1.2 mm 0.047 in thick disc made ... disc has a storage capacity of 74 minutes of audio or 650 MB of data. CDR RWs are available with capacities ... at the tightest allowable tolerances specified in the Orange Book CD standard Orange Book CDRCD ... Photomicrograph of the groove in a CDR disc The polycarbonate disc contains a spiral groove, called ... UV light. A blank CDR is not empty the pregroove has a wobble the Absolute Time in Pregroove ... in pregroove is also a data track containing information about the CDR manufacturer, the dye used ... to the CDR, a point which some copy protection schemes use to distinguish copies from an original .... Speed class wikitable Drive speed Data rate Write time for 80 minute 700 MiB CDR 1x align right ... recorder writes data to a CDR disc by pulsing its laser to heat areas of the organic dye layer. The writing ... which the digital information is recovered decoded . Once a section of a CDR is written, it cannot ... more details
Summary album cover fur Article Parting Gift Use Infobox ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Name Parting Gift Artist Fiona Apple Label Epic Records Epic Graphic Artist Item Type single Website Owner Commentary OVERRIDE FIELDS Description CD R copy of the Fiona Apple single Parting Gift 2005 . Source Taken from http eil.com newGallery Fiona Apple Parting Gift 339332.jpg www.eil.com . Image copyright is owned by Epic Records . Portion Low resolution Purpose Must be specified if Use is not Infobox Header Section Artist Replaceability other information Licensing Non free album cover ... more details
Infobox Top level domain name .cd background CCF image Image Dotcd.png .cd Dot CD Domains introduced 1997 type Country code top level domain status Active registry NIC Congo sponsor Interpoint SARL intendeduse Entities connected with the COD actualuse Not that popular, but used for a miscellany of sites, some related to the Congo and some about music CDs restrictions None structure Registrations permitted at second level document disputepolicy UDRP website http www.nic.cd www.nic.cd .cd is the Internet country code top level domain ccTLD for the Democratic Republic of Congo . It was created in 1997 as a replacement for the .zr Zaire ccTLD, which was phased out and eventually deleted in 2001. Except for reserved names like .com.cd, .net.cd, .org.cd and others, any person in the world can register a .cd domain for a fee. The ccTLD is popular and thus economically valuable owing to it being an abbreviation for compact disc other similar ccTLDs are .fm , .am , .tv , .dj , .mu , and .me . Such unconventional uses of TLD s in domain names are known as domain hack s. External links http www.iana.org root whois cd.htm IANA whois information for .cd http www.nic.cd Official home page of Congo Internet Management CcTLD DEFAULTSORT Cd Category Communications in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Category Country code top level domains Compu domain stub af .cd ar .cd ast .cd az .cd be .cd be x old .cd bs .cd bg .cd ca .cd cv .cd cs .cd cy .cd da .cd de .cd et .cd el .cd es .cd eo .cd eu .cd fa .cd fr .cd xal .cd ko .cd hy .cd hr .cd bpy . id .cd is .cd it .cd krc .cd ka .cd lv .cd lb .cd hu .cd mk .cd arz .cd ms .cd nl .cd ja .cd ce .cd no .cd oc .cd uz .cd nds .cd pl .cd pt .cd crh .cd ro .cd ru .cd sah .cd sq .cd sk .cd sr .cd sh .cd fi .cd sv Toppdom n C tl .cd tt .cd th .cd tg .cd tr .cd tk .cd uk .cd ur Cd. vi .cd fiu vro .cd war .cd yo .cd diq .cd zh .cd ... more details
R or R can mean the following Rockstar Games uses R as its symbol R , the symbol for an ecological concept developed by G. David Tilman to explain the minimum concentration to which an organism can reduce a resource. R is the symbol he uses for generic resources, hence R dab ... more details
About the letter R pp move indef small yes Latin alphabet navbox uc R lc rR IPAc en icon r , Hiberno ... R Oxford English Dictionary , 2nd edition 1989 ar, op. cit. ref is the eighteenth Letter alphabet ... br tp Phoenician br resh Etruscan R Greek br Rho letter Rho Later Etruscan R hiero D1 hiero File ... for IPA r by Semites because in their language, the word for head was r also the name of the letter . It developed into Greek Rho letter polytonic rh and Latin R. It is likely that some Etruscan ... form of the letter P. The minuscule lower case form of r developed through several variations on the capital ... minuscule, r rotunda , kept the loop leg stroke but dropped the vertical stroke, although it fell out of use around the 18th century. Usage See also rhotic consonant r colored vowel guttural R In science, the letter R is a symbol for the gas constant . Mathematicians use R or math mathbb R math an R in blackboard bold , displayed as unicode in Unicode for Set mathematics set of all real numbers . R represents a rhotic consonant in many languages, as shown in the table below. The help IPA ... consonants IPA r represents the alveolar trill . PLEASE DO NOT ADD LANGUAGES THAT DO NOT USE THE ROMAN ALPHABET class wikitable style width 85 margin auto style width 35 Alveolar trill IPA r style ... Catalan , Spanish language Spanish and Albanian language Albanian r , Turkish language Turkish ... Listen style width 55 Spanish language Spanish used as an allophone of r in some South American accents ... r in their alphabets or Latin transliterations schemes to represent rhotic consonants different ... written interchangeably with w , e.g. Kweyol for Kreyol . Shape The letter R is the only ... does not. Dog s letter The letter R is sometimes referred to as the littera canina canine letter . This phrase has Latin origins the Latin R was trilled to sound like a growling dog. A good example of a trilling R is the Spanish word for dog, perro . ref http wordsmith.org words dogs letter.html ... more details
R is a Logic programming rule based programming language based on C . The United States patent describes R as follows blockquote The R extension permits rules to be defined as members of C classes. The programming system of the invention takes the classes with rules defined using R and generates C code from them in which the machinery required for the rules is implemented completely as C data members and functions of the classes involved in the rules. ref Cite patent US 5768480 Integrating rules into object oriented programming systems ref blockquote R was developed by Bell Labs in the 1990s, but due to the Bell System divestiture that split the legal rights to the work developed at the Laboratories between AT&T and Lucent , did not see immediate commercial development while the two companies disputed ownership. ref cite news url http informationweek.com 807 innovation.htm title Fancy Footwork author Karyl Scott publisher InformationWeek date October 9, 2000 accessdate 2007 01 21 ref References reflist External links http www.cs.bell labs.com cm cs who pfps rpp index.html R official website via Bell Labs compu lang stub Category C programming language family ... more details
File Dodge RT Badge.jpg thumb right 250px Dodge R T vehicles badge R T is the performance moniker used on Dodge automobiles since the 1960 s much like Chevrolet Super Sport . R T stands for Road Track no and . R T models come with R T badging, better suspension, tires, brakes, and more power. Some models ... for Dodge vehicles from 2004 until present, therefore the R T designation doesn t carry the status it once did. The R T vehicles, however, still carry upgraded badging and performance indicative of their heritage ... Spirit R.2FT Dodge Spirit R T br 1991 1992 I4 Chrysler K engine Turbo III 2.2 Chrysler Turbo DOHC K engine 224HP 5.8 s ref http s87767992.onlinehome.us spiritRT history.html Dodge Spirit R T 0 60 m h OnlineHome.us ref File Spirit RT Front34.jpg 100px Dodge Neon 1995.E2.80.931999 Dodge Neon R T br ... Dodge Neon R T Second Generation br 2001 2004 I4 Chrysler Neon engine Magnum 2.0 Chrysler Neon Magnum engine 150HP 7.6 s ref http www.allpar.com neon neonrt.html Dodge Neon R T 0 60 m ... Stratus R T br 2004 2005 I4 Turbocharged Chrysler Neon engine 2.4 and 2.4 Turbo 2.4L I4 Chrysler Neon Engine 230HP 7.4 s ref http www.modernracer.com dodgestratus.html Dodge Stratus R T 0 60 m h ModernRacer ref File 04 05 Dodge Stratus RT coupe.jpg 100px Dodge Caliber R.2FT Dodge Caliber R T br 2004 ... dodge caliber 2007 full test 2007 dodge caliber rt awd.html Dodge Caliber R T 0 60 m h InsideLine ... Dodge Intrepid R T br 2000 2002 V6 Chrysler SOHC V6 engine 3.5 3.5 Chrysler SOHC EGJ engine 242HP 8.4 s ref http www.zeroto60times.com Dodge 0 60 mph Times.html Dodge Intrepid R T 0 60 m h zeroto60times.com ref File 2001 Dodge Intrepid RT.jpg 100px Dodge Nitro Dodge Nitro R T br 2008 2009 V6 Chrysler ... nitro 2007 full test 2007 dodge nitro rt.html Dodge Nitro R T 0 60 m h InsideLine ref File Dodge Nitro RT.jpg 100px Dodge Avenger Dodge Avenger sedan .282008 present.29 Dodge Avenger R T br 2008 2010 ... 2008 avenger.html Dodge Avenger R T 0 60 m h AllPar ref File Dodge Avenger.jpg 100px Dodge Journey ... more details
r can refer to r , request board, 4chan The IPA notation for an alveolar trill disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name R Type Album Artist Rurutia RURUTIA Cover R Rurutia.jpg Released March 6, 2002 Label Toshiba EMI This album R br 2002 Next album Water Forest br 2003 R is the debut album of Japan ese singer songwriter Rurutia . The album reached to 90 on Oricon and charted for a week. Track listing nihongo Elements nihongo Chie no Mi nihongo Itoshigo Yo nihongo Lost Butterfly nihongo Akai Rousoku nihongo Ame no Hate nihongo Boku no Uchuu Kimi no Umi nihongo Bokura no Hakoniwa nihongo Gin no Honoo nihongo Heartdance Category 2002 albums R Category Debut albums ... more details
about the letter of the alphabet R the album by R. Kelly R. album Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 R. is an abbreviation of the Latin word Rex Monarch King or Regina Queen regnant Queen and is used as notation in British or other Commonwealth realm criminal prosecution s to mean the Crown or State polity the state , which is represented by the current British monarchy monarch . It is often seen written as R. v Defendant which would be read as The Crown against Defendant . In jurisdictions that are republic s, there is no Monarch and no one person embodies the state, so the prosecuting party may either be the Public Prosecutor or Director of Public Prosecutions, the State in and of itself, or in some locations the state on the behalf of the people it governs. An example of the first would be in Singapore , where cases are titled Public Prosecutor v Defendant . An example of the second would be federal criminal cases in the United States such as, for instance, the murder of persons in a building owned or operated by the United States government , which being prosecuted by the Government of the United States United States federal government would be termed United States v Defendant . On the other hand, most U.S. state s, when prosecuting an offense, typically couch their case in terms of representing the people of the state, so if John Doe robbed a bank in Detroit, Michigan Detroit , the case would be referred to as the People of the State of Michigan v John Doe . Category Latin legal terms Latin legal phrase stub ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name R Type Studio Artist Simon Curtis Cover Simon curtis ra.jpg Released June 7th, 2011 Recorded 2010 2011 Genre Electropop , dance pop , electronica Length 44 54 Label BoyRobot Records br small independent release Producer Jeff Jadion Wells Reviews Last album 8Bit Heart br 2010 This album R br 2011 Next album Misc Singles Name R Type studio Single 1 Superhero Single 1 date May 16, 2011 Single 2 Flesh Single 2 date May 31, 2011 RA stylized as R is the second album by American singer songwriter and record producer Simon Curtis . It was released June 7, 2011. ref http buzzworthy.mtv.com 2011 06 06 simon curtis ra album cover June 6, 2011 Retrieved June 7, 2011 ref The album reached 17 on the US iTunes pop album chart and 82 on the overall album chart during its first week of release, despite having no promotion from a record label. It also reached the top 200 albums on iTunes in eleven other countries. RA was produced by Jeff Jadion Wells. Artwork and Concept The cover for R was shot by Tyler Shields , who also did photography for the single covers and Simon s previous album 8Bit Heart . The title R stands for Robot Army, which is the name of Simon s fan base. It also symbolizes Ra , an Egyptian god, and the is commonly referred to as a symbol for Illuminati groups. Singles Superhero was released as the first single from R on May 16, 2011. The single was available for purchase via iTunes and Amazon MP3 that day with an accompanying remix. Only two weeks later, on May 31, the second single from the album, Flesh , was released to iTunes. According to several posts on Simon Curtis official Twitter page, music videos for Superhero and Flesh are in the works. Tracklist Tracklist headline Standard edition writing credits yes title1 Laser Guns Up writer1 Simon Curtis length1 4 07 title2 Don t Dance writer2 Simon Curtis length2 3 09 title3 Superhero writer3 Simon Curtis length3 3 21 title4 Pit of Vipers writer4 Simon Curtis length4 ... more details
Orphan date February 2008 Automatically added by User SoxBot. If this is an error, please contact User Soxred93 CD Publishing is a term used to describe the use of CD duplication systems to create a large number of unique discs. For instance, storing a unique serial number on each copy of a software application disc would be considered CD publishing. The term CD publishing is believed to have been coined by the Rimage Corporation as part of a marketing program which referred to CD R discs as digital paper . Automated disc production and printing systems, such as those made by Rimage, can be shared on a computer network much like an office printer to facilitate the creation of unique discs. This is the root of both the digital paper and CD publishing terms. The extension into CD publishing is a distinct advantage of CD duplication systems over traditional CD replication where large quantities of identical discs must be made. External links http www.osta.org technology cdqa10.htm Understanding CD R & CD RW Duplication, Replication, and Publishing the Optical Storage Technology Association http www.weprintdiscs.com All about printing on CD s http www.duplicatorguide.com index.php?option com content&task view&id 13&Itemid 30 Everything About CD DVD Duplicators Category Computer storage media ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2010 Picture CD is a product by Kodak , following on from the earlier Photo CD product. It holds photos from a single roll of color film, stored at 1024 1536 resolution using JPEG compression. The product is aimed at consumers. Software to view and perform simple edits to images is included on the CD. Most digital minilab s and many Kodak Picture Kiosk s are capable of producing Kodak Picture CDs from either film or digital pictures. The Picture CD is a standard recordable CD with Kodak software prerecorded. Images are burned onto the CD using a standard CDR drive. In addition, Picture CDs are also available with thumbnails printed onto the label. External links http www.kodak.com go picturecd Kodak s site on Picture CD http www.kodak.com go photocd Kodak s site on Photo CD http www.kodak.com global en service professional tib tib4164.jhtml?id 0.1.14.34.5.80&lc en Comparison by Kodak on the two formats http www.imaging resource.com PRODS PCD PCDA.HTM Indepth Kodak Picture CD Review November 1999 DEFAULTSORT Picture Cd Category Kodak photo stub de Kodak Picture CD ... more details
with standard CD reading units. A similar situation was also present for early CDR media, which suffered ..., physical incompatibility as well as the introduction of the more economical CDR disks essentially ... 70 reflection from CDR discs. ref name gtfq http home1.gte.net johnfull n235.htm gte.net Frequently ... as CDR media. The reflective layer is, however, a silver indium antimony tellurium AgInSbTe alloy ... spots on a CDR which will be read as a 0 . ref name hwcd http computer.howstuffworks.com ... that supports writing speeds above 4x. Like CDR, CD RW have hardcoded speed specifications which ... spec, but depends first and foremost on the reading drive s capabilities, as with CDR discs. Notes ...? CD ROM Professional Sept. 1996 28 Bennett, Hugh. Understanding CDR & CD RW . Cupertino Optical ... http www.cdrfaq.org The CDR FAQ http www.osta.org technology pdf cdr cdrw.pdf http www.osta.org technology pdf cdr cdrw.pdf http www.osta.org technology cdqa.htm Understanding CDR & CD RW Basic ...Buzzword date October 2011 Image CDRWlogo.svg thumb Compact Disc ReWritable CD RW logo trademark Optical disc authoring A CD RW Compact Disc ReWritable is a rewritable optical disc . It was introduced in 1997, and was known as CD Writable during development. It was preceded by the CD RW CD MO CD MO , which was never commercially released. CD RW disc require a more sensitive laser optics . Also, CD RWs cannot be read in some CD ROM drives built prior to 1997. CD ROM drives will bear a MultiRead certification to show compatibility. CD RW discs need to be blanked before reuse. Different blanking methods ... blanking in which only meta data areas are cleared PMA CD PMA , TOC CD TOC and pregap , comprising ... be possible to recover data from full blanked CD RWs with specialty data recovery equipment Citation .... CD RW also have a shorter rewriting cycles life ca. 1,000 compared to virtually all of the previously ... however is less of a drawback considering that CD RWs are usually written and erased in their totality ... more details
Image Panasonic sl sv553j.jpg thumb A CD player capable of playing MP3 CDs An MP3 CD is a Compact Disc usually a CDR or CD RW that contains digital audio in the MP3 file format . Discs are Optical disc authoring written in the Yellow Book CD standard Yellow Book standard data format used for CD ROM s , as opposed to the Red Book audio CD standard Red Book standard audio format used for audio CDs . MP3 files are supported by many modern CD player s, including DVD player s. In addition, some CD players are also capable of playing other formats, such as Ogg Vorbis and the proprietary Windows Media Audio and ATRAC . Because of audio data compression , an MP3 CD does not have to spin all of the time, potentially saving battery electricity battery power, however, decompressing the audio takes more processor time. The song is data buffer buffer ed in random access memory , which also provides protection against Skip in audio playback skipping . The number of songs that a disc can hold depends on how the songs are encoded and the length of the songs. A standard audio CD 74 minutes can hold about 18 songs, a 650 MiB data CD equivalent to 74 minute audio CD containing mid quality 160 kb s audio files can hold approximately 9.5 hours of music or about 138 songs. ID3 tags stored in MP3 files can be displayed by some players, and some players can search for MP3 files within directories on an MP3 CD. The sound quality of an MP3 CD is inferior to that of an Compact Disc Digital Audio audio CD , because MP3 compression is lossy . There is no official standard for how the MP3 files on an MP3 CD are stored on discs. As such, the format expected by different players varies. This sometimes leads to incompatibilities and difficulty in playing discs, often because of filename length limits, sub directory limits, number of files limits, and special character bugs. music stub compsci stub Category MP3 ... more details
Mini CDR, Mini CD RW As of 2007, many manufacturers offer 80 mm CDR and CD RW discs ... RCD RW Memorex or Mini CDR TDK . Most of the blank discs available in retail hold either 185 ... and plastic, are generally more expensive than full size CDRCD RW discs. Mini CD Replication Manufacturing ... Book audio content burned onto mini CDs. It can play both CDR and CD RW media, as well as pressed ... CDR burner that was a similar form factor to that of the Memorex Mini CD player. Again, it was marketed ...Not to be confused with MiniDisc . Image Mini CD vs Normal CD comparison.jpg thumb 280px right An 80mm mini CD on the left, compared with a standard 120mm CD on the right Image MINI CD.JPG thumb 280px right A mini CD is a cost effective solution for distributing small amounts of data, like device drivers ... to emulate a business card. Mini CD s, or pocket CDs are compact disc CD s with a smaller diameter and one third the capacity. Formats Amongst the various formats are the Mini CD single , a small disc. The format is mainly used for audio CD singles in certain regions singles are sold ... density as a 650 MB full sized CD, and 210 MB 24 mins , with the same data density as a 700 MB full sized CD, used for Pocket data storage. see also miniDVD An enhanced density version ... available. Business card CD or b card , a truncated to the shape and size of a business card 80 ... in inches larger CDs were called CD5 , despite the fact that both CD specifications are defined solely in terms of SI metric units. Compatibility Most tray loading CD devices have 2 wells one sized for a regular 120 mm CD, and a smaller, deeper well for MiniCDs to fit into. Devices that feature ... CD. Some vertically aligned tray loading devices, such as the older pre slimline PlayStation 2 consoles when placed vertically, require an adapter for use with 80 mm CDs. Most slot loading CD ... mm CD, and thus work in many slot loading devices. There are no adapters for business card sized ... more details
. Used very rarely on Compact Discs. The CD G format takes advantage of the channels R through W, which are unused in standard audio CD formats. These six bits store graphics information. In the CD ...Infobox media name CD G logo Image CDGlogo.svg 150px type Optical disc encoding Various capacity Typically ... disc authoring CD G also known as CD Graphics is an extension of the compact disc standard ... device. CD G discs are often used for karaoke machines, which utilize this functionality to present ... consumer devices that play CD G format CDs include the NEC TurboGrafx 16 TurboGrax CD TurboGrafx CD a CD ROM peripheral for the TurboGrafx 16 and Turbo Duo , the Philips CD i , the Sega Saturn , Mega CD ,the JVC X Eye, the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer , the Amiga CD32 and Commodore CDTV , and the Atari Jaguar CD which was an attachment for the Atari Jaguar . Some CD ROM drives can also read this data. Since 2003, some standalone DVD players have supported the CD G format. Implementation In each ... channels , and are labeled starting with the letter P, like so cellpadding 3 Channel P Q R S T U V W Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Both the P and Q channels on a regular audio CD are used for timing information. They assist the CD player in tracking the current location on the disc, and to provide the timing information for the time display on the CD player. Note that same space is used for CD Text as well ... for muting in audio CD Players. SCMS flag Used by the Serial Copy Management System to indicate permission ... 216 pixel s in size. See also Compact disc Karaoke MP3 G External links http www.cdplusg.com The CD ... Rip a karaoke cd How to Rip a Karaoke CD A step by step guide to back up CDGs. http www.jbum.com cdg revealed.html CD G revealed The HTML version of the no longer available cdg revealed.txt file http www.ncf.carleton.ca aa571 cdgfaq.htm CD G faq http www.pilotkaraoke.com t faq.aspx Comprehensive CD G faq http www.kgkaraoke.com FAQs.htm Additional CD G faq Category Compact Disc Category Audio ... more details
Primarysources date July 2008 CD Cops is the first CD ROM protection that uses the geometry of the CD ROM media rather than a hidden mark . It was invented in 1996 by Danish Link Data Security, known for its Cops Copylock key diskette security used in the 1990s by Lotus 1 2 3 . Overview As a copy CDR or CD ROM will have a different geometry, Data Position Measurement needs to be used for copies. The geometry is not known before CDs have been produced, therefore a CD code expressing the layout of the CD ROM must be entered the first time a user runs the protected software. Using a special production process in some cases the CD code is embedded on the CD ROM. CD Cops is popular for encyclopaedias dictionaries and business applications but not used as much for games. DVD Cops based on the same principles in 1998 was the first DVD ROM protection made. It is closely related to StarForce . References reflist http www.slideshare.net rootlabs copy protection wars analyzing retro and modern schemes rsa 2007 http scout.wisc.edu Reports NSDL MET 2002 met 020719 topicindepth.html http www.cdmediaworld.com hardware cdrom cd protections cd cops.shtml http www.mediasoftint.com download cdcops.pdf http ing.dk artikel 17381 External links http www.linkdata.com index.htm cdcops CD Cops at linkdata.com http www.linkdata.com index.htm dvdcops DVD Cops at linkdata.com See also Copy Protection Digital Rights Management Data Position Measurement StarForce Category Optical disc copy protection storage software stub ... more details
Refimprove date May 2008 Thor CD was a recordable CD format proposed in 1988 by Tandy Corporation Tandy parent company of Radio Shack , that was never released in commercial version. At the time Tandy proposed the new format, CDs were mostly used for digital music, but not for other digital data. Tandy aimed to change this with its new format. However, the introduction of the CD ROM format, which was incompatible with Tandy s proposal, all but killed Tandy s product. Several years before CDR recordable compact discs were introduced, Tandy Corporation announced a similar CD format named Thor CD, ref cite web url http aroundcny.com technofile texts thorcd88.html title Why Tandy s recordable CD is a breakthrough even if it never makes it to the market first Al last Fasoldt year 1988 accessdate 2006 03 06 ref but after being pushed back for several years, it was finally shelved due to technical limitations, and then became known as Vapordisc . See also Vaporware References reflist Category Optical disc authoring compu storage stub ... more details
unreferenced date July 2011 Image CDTXlogo.svg thumb 100px Compact Disc Text optical disc authoring CD Text is an extension of the Red Book audio CD standard Red Book Compact Disc specifications standard ... on a standards compliant audio CD. The information is stored either in the optical disc authoring Lead In lead in area of the CD, where there is roughly five kilobytes of space available, or in the Subchannels R to W on the disc, which can store about 31 megabytes. The latter areas are not used ... in September 1996 and backed by Sony . Support for CD Text is common, but not universal. Utilities exist to automatically rip CD Text data, and insert it into CDDB or freedb . Format MMC 3 specifies 16 types. Of these, three are reserved and so don t have keywords. border 1 CD Text Keywords ... for indicating in the CD Text data which encoding is in use. The original Sony authoring tools and specifications ... for reading CD Text to fill in artist title information if present when ripping CDs Brasero software Brasero has support for CD Text from version 0.5.90 cdrdao , Linux command line tool that supports writing CD Text. CDex can read from CD Text. CDRWIN can burn CD Text Exact Audio Copy have support for reading CD Text to fill in artist title information if present when CD ripping ripping CDs . foobar2000 Since version 1.0 foobar2000 has support for reading CD Text to fill in artist title information ... CD Text. ImgBurn can burn CD Text. This information can be added modified during the creation of a Cue sheet computing .CUE file. IsoBuster copies CD Text if available when a CD is ripped in raw format and saves it to a .cdt file. iTunes 7 or higher supports burning with CD Text. It is by default an unchecked option in the burning preferences. K3b has support for reading and writing CD Text on Linux. MediaMonkey has full CD Text Support. MusicBee audio player organizer can read CD Text when playing or ripping CDs. Nero Burning ROM can burn CD Text since version 5.5.10 its track saving utility ... more details
Refimprove date January 2008 Infobox CVG system title Mega CD logo Image Japanese Mega CD Logo.png 100px Image Sega CD Logo.jpg 170px image File Sega CD Model2 Set.png 250px NA model 2 Sega CD & a model 2 Sega Genesis caption NA model 2 Sega CD and a model 2 Sega Genesis manufacturer Sega type Video ... 19, 1993 discontinue 1995 CPU Motorola 68000 MC68000 12.5 MHz media CD ROM , CD G storage Internal ... Sega 32X topgame The nihongo Mega CDCD Mega Sh D is an add on device for the Sega Genesis ... CD , for the Sega Genesis. The device adds a CD ROM drive to the console, allowing the user to play CD based games and providing additional hardware functionality. It can also play Compact Disc audio CD s and CD G discs. The development of the Mega CD was confidential game developers were not made ... in Japan. The Mega CD was designed to compete with the TurboGrafx 16 TurboGrafx CD PC Engine CD TurboGrafx 16 CD in Japan, which had a separate CD ROM drive. The first version of the Mega CD sits ... loading CD ROM drive to the right of the console and is intended primarily for use with the redesigned Sega Mega Drive 2. Both versions of the Mega CD are compatible with the initial two versions of the Mega ... Unreferenced section date January 2008 Japan The Mega CD was released first in Japan on December 12, 1991. ref name JPReleaseDate By March 1994 the Mega CD had sold 380,000 units in Japan, ref name ... Mega Drive owners. North America File Sega CD Model1 Set.jpg thumb right A model 1 Sega CD and a model 1 Sega Genesis The Sega CD had been announced at the Chicago Consumer Electronics Show CES in June 1992. The advertising boasted full motion video clips and CD audio soundtracks, although because ... and usually limited to a small rectangle in the centre of the screen. Europe In Europe the Mega CD .... Some European countries Spain for instance , would not see a release of the original Mega CD, but the Mega CD 2. Australia The Mega CD was released in Australia on April 19, 1993. Brazil The Sega CD ... more details
Main Civil Defense geiger counters File Victoreen CD V 700.overview.jpg thumb Victoreen CD V 700 overview The CD V 700 is a Geiger counter employing a probe equipped with a Geiger M ller tube manufactured .... There were substantial differences between various models and manufacturers during the CD V 700 s production ... ptp collection civildefense cdv700.htm CD V 700 GM Survey Meters ca. 1954 1964 ref Manufacturers and Models 1 Nuclear Research Corporation, NRC Model 1, 1954,1955. 2 Victoreen Instrument Co., CD V 700 Model 2, 1956. 3 International Pump And Machine Works Inc., CD V 700 Model 3, 1957. 4 Chatham Electronics, CD V 700 Model 3, 1957. 5 Universal Atomics, CD V 700 Model 4, 1957,1958. 6 Anton Electronics Labs Inc., CD V 700 Model 5, 1959. 7 Anton Electronics Labs Inc., CD V 700 Model 6, 1960. 8 Lionel Electronic Laboratories, CD V 700 Model 6, 1960. 9 Victoreen Instrument Co., CD V 700 Model 6, 1960. 10 Victoreen Instrument Co., CD V 700 Model 6 , 1961. 11 Victoreen Instrument Co., CD V 700 Model 6B, 1962. 12 Electro Neutronics Inc., CD V 700 Model 6B, 1962. 13 Lionel Electronic Laboratories, CD V 700 Model 6B, 1962. 14 Victoreen Instrument Co., CD V 700 Model 6A Extended Range Model. 15 Victoreen Instrument Co., CD V 700 Model 6B, Extended Range Model. Characteristics Probe Image CivilDefenseVictoreen700.jpg thumb An example of the Victoreen CD V 700 geiger counter with strap and headphones ... with non compensated GM probes. br A small number of CD V 700s was modified by the addition of a much ... of radiation close to 0 R h causing the user to believe it is safe when it is not. Maximum reading of 50. Test The CD V 700 also came with a check source , a bit of a radioactive isotope under a sticker ... of the different operational check source materials used varied and since all CD V 700 s were manufactured ... Use The CD V 700, as a true Geiger Counter, is capable of measuring ambient background ... such as the CD V 715, CD V 717 and CD V 720, which are ion chamber meters that can measure gamma ... more details
R prime prime Y prime 137 math An oddity of this encoding scheme is that it allows Photo CD images ... CD logo trademark optical disc authoring Photo CD is a system designed by Kodak for digitizing and saving photos in a CD. Launched in 1992, the discs were designed to hold nearly 100 high quality images ... Books Beige Book and conform to the CD ROM XA and CD i Bridge specifications as well. They were intended to play on CD i players, Photo CD players Apple Inc. Apple s PowerCD for example , and any ... decline in the costs of image scanner scanner s, and the lack of CD ROM drives in most home personal computer s of the day. The Photo CD system gained a fair level of acceptance among professional photographers due to the low cost of the high quality film scans. Prior to Photo CD, professionals ... CD was replaced by Picture CD , also from Kodak. class wikitable rowspan 2 Designation colspan ... Pro Photo CD Master Disc contains 25 images with maximum resolution of 6144 x 4096 pixels six resolutions ... picture film, if highest resolution is required. History The Photo CD system was announced by Kodak ... title Kodak History 1990 1999 author Eastman Kodak accessdate 2010 03 02 ref Photo CD targeted ... professionals using large format 4x5 sheet film. The first Photo CD products, including scanners for processing labs and Photo CD players for consumers, became available in 1992. ref name kodak history .... ref name Harvard Gavetti, G Henderson, R Giorgi, S Kodak and the Digital Revolution A , page ... CD. This included, for example, an arrangement with L.L. Bean in 1992 by which the catalog would be distributed in Photo CD format, ref name LLBean cite web url http www.faqs.org abstracts Business general Kodak is aiming Photo CD concept at business firms Kodak focuses on promotion of Photo CD.html title Kodak is aiming Photo CD concept at business firms author The Wall Street Journal Western ... Graphics image processing workstations capable of accepting Kodak Photo CD optical disks. ref ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Split CD Type EP Artist Queens of the Stone Age and Beaver band Beaver Cover Qotsabeaversplitcd.jpg Released September 18, 1998 Recorded April 1, 1998 QOTSA br fall 1998 Beaver Genre Hard rock br Stoner metal Length Label Man s Ruin Producer Joe Barresi QOTSA br Jacques de Haard, br Beaver band Beaver Beaver Reviews Chronology Queens of the Stone Age Last album Queens of the Stone Age album Queens of the Stone Age br 1998 This album The Split CD br 1998 Next album Rated R Queens of the Stone Age album Rated R br 2000 Misc Extra chronology Artist Beaver band Beaver Type EP Last album The Difference Engine album The Difference Engine br 1997 This album The Split CD br 1998 Next album Lodge album Lodge br 1999 The Split CD is a 1998 EP featuring tracks from Queens of the Stone Age and Beaver band Beaver . It is currently out of print. It has been known to command prices as much as 40.00 on auction sites such as eBay. Track listing Queens of the Stone Age The Bronze Homme 3 41 Queens of the Stone Age These Aren t the Droids You re Looking For 3 07 Beaver Absence Without Leave small Actually Morocco . ref name switched Note Tracks 3 and 4 are switched. See http www.13eaver.nl music split split index.html official lyrics . ref small 5 06 Beaver Morocco small Actually Absence Without Leave . ref name switched small 4 25 Notes refs Credits Queens Of The Stone Age Josh Homme Guitar & Vocals Josh Homme Carlo Von Sexron Bass Alfredo Hernandez Drums Engineered by Joe Barresi Assistant Engineer Steve Feldman Recorded between 12 00 12 17pm April Fools Day 1998 at Monkey Studios, Palm Springs, CA All Songs QOTSA 1998 Beaver Roel Schoenmakers Guitar & Vocals Jozsja de Weerdt Guitar Milo Beenhakker Bass Eva Nahon Drums Additional Guitar ... Official Beaver lyrics Queens of the Stone Age DEFAULTSORT Split CD, The Category 1998 EPs Category ... Man s Ruin Records EPs de The Split CD gl The Split CD pt The Split CD ... more details
Lead too short date July 2009 Refimprove date July 2009 Image RipperX.png thumb ripperX, a CD ripper A CD ripper , CD grabber or CD extractor is software that convert tracks on a CD to standard computer sound files, such as WAV, MP3, or Ogg Vorbis. It ripping rips raw digital audio in Compact Disc Digital Audio CDDA format on a compact disc to a Computer file file or stdout other output . History In the early days of computer CD ROM drives and audio compression mechanisms such as MP2 , CD ripping was considered undesirable by copyright holders, with some attempting to retrofit copy protection into the simple ISO9660 standard. As time progressed, most music publishers became more open to the idea that since individuals had bought the music, they should be able to create a copy for their own personal use on their own computer. This is not yet entirely true even with some current digital music delivery mechanisms, there are considerable restrictions on what an end user can do with their paid for and therefore personally licensed audio. Windows Media Player s default behaviour is to add copy protection measures to ripped music, with a disclaimer that if this is not done, the end user is held ... or compatible device. The first CD ripper was CD GRAB, written by A.L. Digital Ltd. some time before 1992. It ran on MS DOS. The first CD ripper for Unix systems was cdda2wav , it was considered superseded ... http www.catb.org esr jargon html R rip.html url http www.catb.org esr jargon html R rip.html ... , or attempt text extraction if CD Text has been stored. Some all in one ripping programs can simplify the entire process by ripping and CD recorder burning the audio to disc in one step, possibly re encoding the audio on the fly in the process. Some CD ripping software is specifically intended ... to autodetect some of these features by a test rip of a known reference CD. ref name daefeatures ... DEFAULTSORT Cd Ripper Category CD ripping software de CD Ripper it CD ripper nl Ripper ru CD ... more details
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