wiktionary Bulgarian refers to anything of or relating to Bulgaria and may refer directly to Bulgarians , an Slavic speaking ethnic group, formed as a result of uniting of the tribes in the First Bulgarian Empire in a nation with one Slavic language mainly of South Slavic tribes, Bulgars and Thracian tribes . Bulgaria Bulgarian language , a Slavic language A citizen of Bulgaria. See also Demographics of Bulgaria and Culture of Bulgaria . For specific Bulgarians , see List of Bulgarians . Bulgarian cuisine Bulgars , ancient people, part of the ancestors of the Bulgarians Bulgar language , a Turkic or Iranian language See also Special Allpages Bulgarian List of all pages beginning with BulgarianBulgarian name , names of Bulgarians Bulgarian customs Bulgarian music Bulgarian literature Bulgarian umbrella , an umbrella with a hidden pneumatic mechanism disambiguation bg de Bulgarisch fr Bulgare homonymie it Bulgaro sk Bulharsk srn Bulgari ... more details
Image Bulgarian mint logo.png thumb right Logo The Bulgarian Mint , Moneten dvor , established in 1952, is solely responsible for the production of legal tender coins in Bulgaria . It is owned by the Bulgarian National Bank . The Bulgarian Mint also produces high quality gold and silver jubilees , medals , Order decoration orders and other insignia of honour, necklaces, seals, mint collector sets and custom made badges, pins etc. The Mint is officially appointed to produce Bulgaria s orders and medals by the List of Presidents of Bulgaria Presidency of the Republic of Bulgaria , the Ministries of Defence and Internal Affairs. Together with the Bulgarian National Military Museum, the Mint hosts the Exhibition of Bulgarian Orders. See also Bulgarian lev Commemorative coins of Bulgaria Bulgarian Commemorative coins External links bg icon en icon http www.mint.bg Bulgarian Mint Category Government agencies established in 1952 Category Economy of Bulgaria Category Mints bg ... more details
Use dmy dates date September 2011 Infobox Identity document document name Bulgarian passport image Bulgarian eu passport.jpg image caption The front cover of a contemporary Bulgarian biometric passport ... Bulgaria valid jurisdictions document type Passport purpose Identification eligibility Bulgarian nationality law Bulgarian citizenship expiration 5 years after acquisition for adult, 5 years for children The Bulgarian passport is an international travel document issued to nationals of Bulgaria , and may also serve as proof of Bulgarian nationality law Bulgarian citizenship . Every Bulgarian citizen ... for the issuing and renewing of Bulgarian passports. Use Main Visa requirements for Bulgarian ... and Serbia , Bulgarian citizens are not required to carry a passport and only need their Bulgarian identity card national identity cards . The Bulgarian passport gives its bearer the right to assistance and protection by Bulgarian diplomatic missions and consular offices abroad or to those of other EU member states where a Bulgarian one does not exist . The passport remains the property of the Republic of Bulgaria. Categories Regular available to all Bulgarian citizens and valid for five years ... Bulgarian passports are of the European passport common EU design , being burgundy in colour, with the Coat of arms of Bulgaria Bulgarian Coat of arms emblazoned in the centre of the front cover. The text Bulgarian language Bulgarian European Union English , the country s official long name Bulgarian and the English form Republic of Bulgaria are inscribed in capital letters above the coat of arms, with the word Bulgarian passport English below. It is issued ... March 2010 ref http www.novinite.com view news.php?id 108362 ref , all newly issued Bulgarian passports ... Bulgarian European Union English above the country s official name, thus reflecting Bulgaria s EU membership. Additional design changes include the placement of pictures of famous Bulgarian landmarks ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Bulgarian Australian poptime 2,680 ref name census cite web url http www.immi.gov.au ... English , Bulgarian language Bulgarian rels Predominantly Bulgarian Orthodox Church Bulgarian ... balgari are Australians of Bulgarians Bulgarian descent. According to the 2006 Australian census ... Bulgarian ancestry. ref name census Some unofficial estimates claim that the number of Bulgarians in Australia is around 20,000 ref , p. 429. ref others, who count the Bulgarian Australian and the later ... of around 100,000. ref , p. 430. ref History The first traces of Bulgarian emigration to Australia ...?page info&language Bulgarian title The Bulgarian Community in Australia publisher SBS Radio ..., p. 318. ref The first more prominent Bulgarian colony was formed in Perth, Western Australia Perth ... location date 1986 language Bulgarian ref The first larger organized group of Bulgarian emigrants arrived in Australia in 1907 and consisted of around 100 people, most from ... Australia Victoria and 35 in Sydney , New South Wales . ref name SBS In 1912, Bulgarian gardeners ... gardens. The Bulgarian colony in Adelaide was among the fastest growing Bulgarian colonies ... as gardeners. The Bulgarian community in Melbourne was established in 1910 1911. ref , p. 319. ref After the end of World War II , there was an influx of hundreds of Bulgarian political emigrants ... to establish the exact number of Bulgarian settlers in the pre World War II period, but one estimate ... Bulgarian emigrants from Macedonia region Macedonia , Dobruja and Bessarabia . ref , p. 320. ref It was not until 1950 that Bulgarian Orthodox Church Bulgarian Orthodox church communities were officially established. ref , p. 321. ref The Bulgarian Orthodox churches in Australia are part of the Bulgarian Eastern Orthodox Diocese of the USA, Canada and Australia . Today, there are three Bulgarian Orthodox churches in Australia the Saint John of Rila Bulgarian Eastern Orthodox Church ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Bulgarian Canadian br small small Flagicon Bulgaria Flagicon ... ref name magocsi1 Magocsi, p. 289. ref langs Bulgarian language Bulgarian , Canadian English rels Bulgarian Orthodox Bulgarian Orthodox Christians , Roman Catholic , Protestants , secular ism and some Bulgarian Muslims . related c Bulgarian people , Bulgarian Americans , Bulgarians in South America Bulgarians Bulgarian Canadians lang bg , kanadski balgari are citizen s of Canada Canadians with significant Bulgarians Bulgarian heritage. Those can include Bulgarian Canadians living in Canada for one or several generations, dual Bulgarian Canadian citizens, or any other Bulgarian Canadians who consider themselves to be affiliated to both cultures or countries. Some Bulgarian Canadians might be born in Bulgaria , Canada or other countries with ethnic Bulgarian population. Because ... Mass Bulgarian emigration to Canada began in the late 1890s and the early 20th century. Bulgarians ... of Bulgarian migration to North America . Between 1900 and 1944, 19,955 people from Bulgaria settled in Canada however, this number excludes the mass Bulgarian migration from Ottoman and later Serbian ... , which was indeed the bulk of Bulgarian emigration to Canada. ref Magocsi, p. 287. ref The largest ... alone, and 20,000 Bulgarians in Canada by 1939. ref name magocsi1 The Bulgarian colony in Toronto ... to Bulgarian diplomatic and ecclesiastical records of 1936, Bulgarians in Toronto alone numbered 3,500, while other estimates go up to 5,000. ref name kolev1 , pp. 297 299. ref The Bulgarian ... who today identify as Macedonian Canadians claimed a Bulgarian ethnic identity and were recorded as part of the Bulgarian ethnic group. ref name magocsi1 In the 1980s and 1990s, the Bulgarian community ... of Bulgarians in Canada, the Zhelevo Bulgarian Brotherhood ref name kolev1 or Zhelevo Benevolence ... Aegean Macedonia . Other Bulgarian organizations were soon established by emigrants from Zagorichani ... more details
Image Bulgarian dialects by Todor Bozhinov.png right thumb 350px Map of the Bulgarian dialects within Bulgaria Bulgarian dialects lang bg , balgarski dialekti , also , balgarski govori or , balgarski narechiya are the regional spoken varieties of the Bulgarian language , a South Slavic language . Bulgarian dialectology dates to the 1830s and the pioneering ... , Lyubomir Miletich , Aleksandar Teodorov Balan , Stoyko Stoykov . Bulgarian dialects are part of the South ... 350px thumb The Yat split in the Bulgarian language . The Dialects of the Macedonian language dialects of Macedonia were for the most part classified as part of Bulgarian in the older literature. ref ... , 1889 . ref The Bulgarian linguistics continue to treat it as such in. ref name stoykov cite book title Bulgarian dialectology last Stoykov first authorlink ... language Bulgarian url http www.promacedonia.org jchorb st index.htm isbn 9544308466 oclc 53429452 ref ref name unity cite book author Institute of Bulgarian Language title publisher Bulgarian Academy of Sciences year 1978 page 4 language Bulgarian ... 435 439 ref However, some contemporary linguists still consider Macedonian as a dialect of Bulgarian ... those spoken in Bulgarian Macedonia . ref isp. a , tom. 37, Moskva 1938 ... Bulgarian dialect map yus.png right 350px thumb Map of the Big Yus isoglosses in Bulgarian language in early 20th century ref cite book title Bulgarian dialect atlas last Kochev first Ivan year 2001 location publisher Bulgarian Academy of Sciences language Bulgarian url isbn 954 90344 1 0 oclc 48368312 ref The main isogloss separating the Bulgarian dialects into Eastern and Western is the Yat Yat in Bulgarian Yat border , marking the different mutations of the Old Church Slavonic Old Bulgarian yat form , , pronounced as either Open front unrounded ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group flagicon Bulgaria Bulgarian American flagicon USA br small ... last first ref popplace langs Bulgarian language Bulgarian , American English rels Predominantly Orthodox Church Orthodox Christianity br Bulgarian Orthodox Church related c Bulgarian people , Bulgarian Canadians , Bulgarians in South America Bulgarians Bulgarian Americans are citizen s of the United States with Bulgarians Bulgarian heritage. For the United States Census, 2000 2000 US Census , 55,489 Americans indicated Bulgarian as their first ancestry, ref name USCensus . http factfinder.census.gov ... Bulgarian ancestry. ref http factfinder.census.gov servlet DTTable? bm y& state dt& context dt& reg ... results 01000US& format & lang en ref Those can include Bulgarian Americans living in the United States for one or several generations, dual Bulgarian American citizens, or any other Bulgarian Americans who consider themselves to be affiliated to both cultures or countries. Some Bulgarian Americans might be born in Bulgaria , the United States or other countries with ethnic Bulgarian population ... in the country, and more than 30,000 students. ref name www.mfa.bg History Mass Bulgarian immigration ... 2008 of Bulgarians compared to other cities. There is a book written by a famous and eminent Bulgarian writer Aleko Konstantinov ,called To Chicago and Back Bulgarian language Bulgarian ... States Census, 2000 United States Census of 2000 shows that there were 63,000 people of Bulgarian ... the cities with the highest numbers of Bulgarian Americans are New York City New York , Los Angeles , Chicago and Miami . 17 of Bulgarian Americans hold a bachelor s degree or higher http www.ethnicusa.com markets bulgarian.shtml . Bulgarian Americans have an annual median household income of 44,578 ... File Bulgarian church in USA.jpg thumb 300px A Bulgarian church Saint Climent of Ohrid in Los Angeles ... Bulgarian language Bulgarian at home in 2000. But in the recent years the number grew significantly ... more details
Infobox website name Wiki favicon Bulgarian Wikipedia screenshot collapsible logo File Wikipedia logo v2 bg.png caption url http bg.wikipedia.org bg.wikipedia.org commercial Charity practice Charitable location Miami, Florida launch date 6 December 2003 type Internet encyclopedia project language Bulgarian language Bulgarian registration Optional content license Creative Commons ShareAlike License 3.0 owner Wikimedia Foundation author The Bulgarian Wikipedia lang bg is the Bulgarian language edition of Wikipedia . On CURRENTDAY CURRENTMONTHNAME CURRENTYEAR it had NUMBEROF ARTICLES bg articles. It was founded on 6 December 2003. On 24 May 2010, it became the 32nd largest ... thumb 170px Bulgarian web award received in 2009, Bulgarian Wikipedia was nominated Bg Site for its contributions to the development of the Bulgarian web. The Bulgarian Wikipedia was created on 6 December 2003. On November 24, 2005, the Bulgarian language Wikipedia added its 20,000th article ... http en.wikipedia.org wikistats EN TablesWikipediaBG.htm Bulgarian Wikipedia statistics ref In 24 May 2010, the distinctive Logo of Wikipedia Wikipedia globe logo for the Bulgarian Wikipedia was temporarily .... Users Bulgarian Wikipedia has 52,096 registered users as of 28 September 2009 and has 28th place among other Wikipedias. In Bulgarian Wikipedia users can use Cyrillic letters for their usernames ... is in Cyrillic. Multimedia As of March 2010 Bulgarian Wikipedia uses only Commons for pictures and multimedia ... logo Celebration logo for 100 000 articles in Bulgarian Wikipedia File Bgwikigrowth.png alt1 Growth fo Bulgarian Wikipedia Growth of Bulgarian Wikipedia References Reflist External links InterWiki code bg bg icon http bg.wikipedia.org Bulgarian Wikipedia bg icon http bg.m.wikipedia.org Bulgarian ... Bulgarian language Category Internet in Bulgaria af Bulgaarse Wikipedia ar ... b lgaro ru simple Bulgarian Wikipedia sr sh Bugarska ... more details
Martenitsa , all of March Nestinari Kukeri Koleda Christmas , Koledari Velikden Easter Bulgarian Name Days Name Days International Mother s Day, March 8 Independence Day, March 3 Sveti, Sveti Kiril i Metodii, May 24 External links http www.bulgariainfo online.com Site Traditions.pdf Small booklet about Bulgarian customs, traditions and celebrations Free PDF booklet by Bulgaria Info Online Magazine Bulgaria topics Expand list date August 2008 Category Bulgarian culture Bulgaria stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Politics of Bulgaria Bulgarian Euroright in Bulgarian language Bulgarian is a political party in Bulgaria , founded in Sofia June 30, 2000. The party is led by leiko Kiokchuiev. External links http www.election.bg 57f6e1433697b32110de9cbb33f74267 htmls part ustav.htm Party constitution Category Political parties in Bulgaria Bulgaria party stub ... more details
unreferenced date October 2011 infobox football league name Bulgarian Football Supercup logo Bulgarian ... pfl opencms menu en super cup Official Site current The Bulgarian Supercup lang bg ... the Bulgarian A Professional Football Group and the club that has won the Bulgarian Cup . In case the champion of Bulgaria has also won the Cup, then the Bulgarian Cup finalist and the champion compete ... Supercups. History 1989 The first match for the Bulgarian Supercup was held in 1989. The match was proposed by Kiril Zaharinov , sport Editing editor at the Bulgarian News Agency and secretary of the union of the Bulgarian sport journalist s. The first Supercup trophy was made in Italy and was 80 ... Stadium 9th September Stadium in Burgas , opposing A PFG 1988 89 1988 89 Bulgarian champion and Bulgarian Cup 1988 89 Cup winner CFKA Sredets currently CSKA Sofia and the losing finalist of the Bulgarian Cup 1988 89 1988 89 Bulgarian Cup PFC Chernomorets Burgas Chernomorets Burgas . CSKA won the match 1 0 thanks to a goal by Hristo Stoichkov . File Bulgarian supercup.png thumb Bulgarian Supercup 2007 2004 After the Revolutions of 1989 the Bulgarian Supercup match was canceled. 14 years later the Bulgarian Professional Football League decided to restore the competition organising a Supercup ... Plovdiv and the Bulgarian Cup 2003 04 2003 04 Bulgarian Cup holder PFC Litex Lovech Litex Lovech ... Paskov . Since the win of Lokomotiv Plovdiv in 2004 Bulgarian Supercup 2004 , only two teams have won the Supercup PFC CSKA Sofia CSKA Sofia in years 2006 Bulgarian Supercup 2006 and 2008 Bulgarian Supercup 2008 and PFC Levski Sofia Levski Sofia years 2005 Bulgarian Supercup 2005 , 2007 Bulgarian Supercup 2007 and 2009 Bulgarian Supercup 2009 . Litex Lovech, the losing finalist of the 2004 Bulgarian Supercup 2004 edition of the competition, has lost three more Supercup matches since then 2007 Bulgarian Supercup 2007 , 2008 Bulgarian Supercup 2008 and 2009 Bulgarian Supercup 2009 . In Litex ... more details
Image Bulgarian Church Sveti Stefan Istanbul postcard.PNG right thumb 250px An early 20th century postcard depicting the Bulgarian St Stephen Church in Constantinople The Bulgarian Exarchate lang bg B lgarska ekzarkhia was the official name of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church before its ... and the Bulgarian Patriarchate was restored in 1953. The Exarchate a de facto autocephaly was unilaterally without the blessing of the Ecumenical Patriarch promulgated on May 11, 1872, in the Bulgarian St. Stephen Church Bulgarian church in Constantinople in pursuance of the February 28 the Julian ... was the direct result of the struggle of the Bulgarian Orthodox against the domination of the Greek ... 1722 1773 , a monk from the south western Bulgarian town of Bansko , wrote Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya ... of the Greek clergy started to flare up in several Bulgarian dioceses as early as the 1820s. It was not, however ... clerics in a number of bishoprics demanding their replacement with Bulgarian ones as well as other ... for bishops. By that time, most Bulgarian religious leaders had realised that any further struggle ... Phanariots . Thus, if the Bulgarians wanted to have Bulgarian schools and liturgy in Bulgarian language Bulgarian , they needed an independent ecclesiastical organisation. The struggle between the Bulgarians ... throughout the 1860s. As the Greek clerics were ousted from most Bulgarian bishoprics at the end ... of the Bulgarian Exarchate Image Bulgarian Exarchate 1870 1913.jpg mini right 250px thumb Map of the Bulgarian ... of Abd laziz granted the right to establish an autonomous Bulgarian Exarchate for the dioceses of Bulgaria ... , , , , , 2003 . ref the Bulgarian ... of Adrianople by vicars. Thus, the borders of the Exarchate included all Bulgarian districts in the Ottoman Empire . Bulgarian schism Image Ernst Ravenstein Balkans Ethnic Map 1880.jpg thumb left 250px ... before being confirmed by the government Bulgarian Exarch was Antim I who was elected by the Holy ... more details
Infobox dog breed name Bulgarian Hound image Bulgarian barak.jpg image alt image caption Male Bulgarian Hound altname Bulgarian Barak br Balgarski Barak nickname country BUL patronage Traits maleweight 23 27 kg femaleweight 19 22 kg ref name brfk http www.brfk.org download Balgarski Barak.pdf Standard ref maleheight 53 58 cm femaleheight 48 53 cm ref name brfk coat color litter size life span Classification and standards fcigroup fcisection fcinum fcistd akcgroup akcstd akcfss akcmisc ankcgroup ankcstd ckcgroup ckcstd ckcmisc kcukgroup kcukstd nzkcgroup nzkcstd ukcgroup ukcstd rscegroup rscesect rscestd notrecognized Yes extinct Notes note Bulgarian Hound lang bg , Balgarski Barak , also known as Bulgarian Barak is a Bulgaria n hunting dog hunting dog breed breed of dog with coarse coat. History The Bulgarian Hound is an ancient breed of dog. It s not exactly known when it was selected. Some scholars suggest that the Bulgars came with dogs, similar to the modern Barak. The Ottoman Turks also brought hunting dogs, which also contributed in the creating of the modern breed. Breed standard The Bulgarian Hound isn t recognized by Federation Cynologique Internationale FCI . The standard of the Bulgarian Kennel Club put it in group 6 Scenthounds and similar breeds , section 1.2 Medium sized scenthounds . The Bulgarian Hound is scenthound with medium height. Its body is balanced, strong, with rectangular outline. The coat is yellow rufous coloured in various shades, halm yellow or dark rufous. The coat can be in one colour or combinated with grey or black grey in the middle part of the body. Some white spots are accessible in definite places. The Bulgarian Hound has balanced nervous system . It s loyal to his owner and incredulous to strangers. It has lively, strong hunting instinct. The Bulgarian Hound is a scenthound, used to hunt small and big game. The Barak ... download Balgarski Barak.pdf Standard Bulgarian dogs Category Dog breeds originating in Bulgaria ... more details
right Emperor Ivan Alexander 1331 1371 Bulgarian Empire lang bg , Balgarsko tsarstvo ... PA11&dq rival bulgarian empire byzantine&hl en&ei uPsuTufCFIT4sgatsOUY&sa X&oi book result&ct ... Bulgarian Empires are not treated as separate entities, but rather as one state restored after a period of Byzantine rule over its territory. First Bulgarian Empire main First Bulgarian Empire The First Bulgarian Empire was established as a result of an expansion of Old Great Bulgaria to the territory ... in Europe. Second Bulgarian Empire main Second Bulgarian Empire The medieval Bulgarian state was restored as the Second Bulgarian Empire after a successful Vlach Bulgarian Rebellion uprising of two ... power, though this did not last long due to internal problems and foreign invasions. In 1878 the Bulgarian state was restored as the Ottoman vassal Principality of Bulgaria . The Third Bulgarian ... recognized in 1909. Maps gallery Image Bulgaria Simeon I 893 927 .svg The First Bulgarian ... Assen II.png The Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Ivan Asen II Image Bulgaria Ivan Alexander 1331 1371 .svg The Second Bulgarian Empire circa 1340 gallery See also First Bulgarian Empire Second Bulgarian Empire History of Bulgaria References reflist Further reading cite book last Zlatarski first Vasil N. authorlink Vasil Zlatarski title Medieval History of the Bulgarian State publisher Science ... year 1918 location Sofia language Bulgarian isbn 9547366284 cite book last first ... 2003 location id isbn 9844830679 language Bulgarian cite book title ..., year 2006 language Bulgarian publisher , cite book url http www.mfa.government.bg ... , , year 2005 language Bulgarian cite book last Fine, Jr. first John V.A. year 1991 ... Ann Arbor isbn 978 0472081493 Bulgarian Empire Empires Category History of Bulgaria Category Former ... and territories established in 681 Category Bulgarian Empire ca Imperi B lgar cs Bulharsk e es ... more details
Image Bgposts logo.png right 150px Bulgarian Posts logo Image Academia 2.jpg right thumb The post office at Camp Academia , Livingston Island , Antarctica is the southernmost Bulgarian Posts office in the world The Bulgarian Posts , Balgarski poshti are the national Mail postal service of Bulgaria . The company was founded after the Liberation of Bulgaria from History of early Ottoman Bulgaria Ottoman rule , as the Russians handed all the post office post and telegraph offices to the newly restored Bulgarian state on 14 May 1879. Bulgaria was accepted into the Universal Postal Union on 1 July 1879. As of 2005 , the company operated 3,008 post offices and a total of 80,060 km of postal routes. The Bulgarian Posts are a joint stock company since 31 March 1997. See also Postage stamps and postal history of Bulgaria Bulgarian Postbank External links http www.bgpost.bg Official website Postal administrations of Europe Category Companies of Bulgaria Category Transport and distribution companies Category Postal organisations Category Communications in Bulgaria postal stub Transport company stub Bulgaria stub Euro company stub bg fr Balgarski poshti he no Det bulgarske postvesen ru ... more details
Begin Infobox Horse. The text of the article should go AFTER this section. Infobox Horse name East Bulgarian image East bulgarian Kabiyuk 2.JPG image caption East Bulgarian mare and foal in Kabiuk, near Shumen features altname nickname country Bulgaria group1 std1 End Infobox Horse info. Article Begins Here The East Bulgarian is an elegantly built warmblood breed of horse that developed over the last 100 years. They are used mainly for equestrianism under saddle and light draft horse draft work, and are well suited for a variety of competitive sports, ranging from dressage to eventing ref name Bongianni cite book last Bongianni first Maurizio title Simon & Schuster s Guide to Horses and Ponies publisher Simon & Schuster, Inc. date 1988 pages 45 isbn 0 671 66068 3 ref . History The East Bulgarian began to be developed at the end of the 19th century at the Kabiuk stud farm former Vassil Kolarov near Shumen and at stud farm in Bozhurishte near Sofia , in Bulgaria , by crossing local horses with Arabian horse Arabians , Anglo Arabian s, Thoroughbred s and English half breds. Once established, only additional Thoroughbred blood was added to improve the breed s quality. They were officially recognized as a breed in 1951 ref name East Bulgerian cite web title East Bulgarian url http www.equinekingdom.com breeds light horses east bulgerian.htm work Equine Kingdom accessdate December 20, 2007 ref . Breed characteristics image East Bulgarian Tarzan.jpg thumb left An East Bulgarian in profile. The East Bulgarian generally stands 15 to 16 hand length hands high ref name Bongianni , and is usually chestnut coat chestnut , black horse black , or bay horse bay ref name East Bulgarian cite web title East Bulgarian url http www.ansi.okstate.edu breeds horses work Oklahoma State University accessdate December 20, 2007 ref . Typically, East Bulgarians have quiet but energetic ... references Commons category East Bulgarian Equine state collapsed Category Horse breeds Category ... more details
In mathematics and game theory , Bulgarian solitaire is a random playing card card game. In the game, a pack of math N math cards is divided into several piles. Then for each pile, either leave it intact or, with a fixed probability math p math , remove one card collect the removed cards together to form a new pile piles of zero size are ignored . If math p 1 math , the game is known as Bulgarian solitaire or deterministic Bulgarian solitaire and was introduced by Martin Gardner the general case with math 0 p 1 math is known as random Bulgarian solitaire or stochastic Bulgarian solitaire . This is a finite set finite irreducible Markov chain . If math N math is a triangular number that is, math N 1 2 cdots k math for some math k math , then it is known that deterministic Bulgarian solitaire will reach a stable configuration in which the sizes of the piles are math 1,2, ldots, k math . This state is reached in math k 2 k math moves or fewer. If math N math is not triangular, no stable configuration exists and a limit cycle is reached. In 2004, Brazil ian probability probabilist of Russia n origin Serguei Popov showed that stochastic Bulgarian solitaire spends most of its time in a roughly triangular distribution. References cite journal author Serguei Popov title Random Bulgarian solitaire journal Random Structures and Algorithms year 2005 volume 27 pages 310 330 doi 10.1002 rsa.20076 issue 3 cite journal doi 10.2307 2323643 author Ethan Akin and Morton Davis title Bulgarian solitaire journal American Mathematical Monthly year 1985 volume 92 pages 237 250 issue 4 jstor 2323643 Category Recreational mathematics Category Combinatorial game theory eo Bulgara ermitludo ... more details
Bulgarians Bulgarian literature is literature written by Bulgarians or residents of Bulgaria , or written in the Bulgarian language usually the latter is the defining feature. Bulgarian literature can ... and the times of Simeon I of Bulgaria Simeon I of the First Bulgarian Empire . Middle Ages main Medieval Bulgarian literature With the Bulgarian Empire welcoming the disciples of Cyril and Methodius ... during what is known as the Golden Age of medieval Bulgarian culture. In the late 9th, the 10th and early ... a significant contribution. Bulgarian scholars and works influenced most of the Slavic world, spreading ... thumb The Tetraevangelia of Ivan Alexander 1355 1356 As the Bulgarian Empire was subjugated by the Byzantine Empire Byzantines in 1018, Bulgarian literary activity declined. However, after the establishment of the Second Bulgarian Empire followed another period of upsurge during the time of Patriarch ... 1420 . Medieval Bulgarian literature was dominated by religious themes, most works being hymn s, treatise .... Early Ottoman rule The fall of the Second Bulgarian Empire to the Ottomans in 1396 was a serious blow for Bulgarian literature and culture in general. Literary activity largely ceased, being concentrated in the monasteries that established themselves as centres of Bulgarian culture in the foreign ... , the first printed book in modern Bulgarian 1651 A literary tradition continued to exist relatively ... Uprising in end of the 17th century among the Roman Catholicism in Bulgaria Bulgarian Catholics who ... of vernacular Bulgarian, Church Slavonic language Church Slavonic and Serbo Croatian and was called Illyric . Among these was the first book printed in modern Bulgarian, the breviary Abagar published ... for South Slavs South Slavic unity had an impact on the Bulgarian literature of the 18th and 19th ... Bulgarian secular poetry for its quatrain s, although it was essentially a collection of engraving s. Bulgarian National Revival A new Romantic nationalism revival of Bulgarian literature began ... more details
Image Vasil Levski 2nd.jpg thumb 300px right Participants in the Second Bulgarian Legion 1867 1868 . Vasil Levski is the third from the left on the first row The Bulgarian Legion lang bg , Balgarska legiya was the name of two military bands formed by Bulgaria n volunteers in the Serbia n capital of Belgrade in the second part of the 19th century. Their ultimate goal was the Liberation of Bulgaria liberation of the Bulgarian people from History of Ottoman Bulgaria Ottoman rule through coordinated actions with the neighbouring Balkans Balkan countries. First Bulgarian Legion The First Bulgarian Legion was established in 1862 by Georgi Sava Rakovski in agreement with the Serbian government. At the time Montenegro was at war with the Ottoman empire and Serbia ... Empire , the Legion would cross the border and enter the Bulgarian lands, where it would instigate an uprising ... called Provisional Bulgarian Command was established on the initiative of Rakovski. His Plan for the Liberation ... Belgrade , the Bulgarian legion distinguished itself in the fighting. ref name Trotsky Trotsky, p.487 ... on 21 September 1862 the participants were expelled from Belgrade. Second Bulgarian Legion The Second Bulgarian Legion was founded in 1867 , as relations between Serbia ... a Bulgarian military school in Belgrade to instruct military leaders for a future uprising ... as young people from Bulgarian and the Bulgarian diaspora in Romania. However, since the expected ..., came into office in Serbia. The Second Bulgarian Legion became redundant to the Serbians as a result ... being expelled from Serbia. Historical experience The experience of the two Legions showed the Bulgarian Legionnaires that the formation of an insurrectionary centre to manage the Bulgarian liberational ... school that prepared a large number of the future Bulgarian leaders. References reflist commonscat Bulgarian Legion Category 1862 establishments Category 1868 disestablishments Category Bulgarian ... more details
Infobox dog breed name Bulgarian Scenthound br Balgarsko Gonche image Bulgarsko gonche.jpg image alt image caption A Bulgarian Scenthound altname nickname country Bulgaria patronage Traits maleweight 23 25 kg femaleweight 18 20 kg maleheight 54 58 cm femaleheight 50 54 cm coat color litter size life span Classification and standards fcigroup fcisection fcinum fcistd akcgroup akcstd akcfss akcmisc ankcgroup ankcstd ckcgroup ckcstd ckcmisc kcukgroup kcukstd nzkcgroup nzkcstd ukcgroup ukcstd rscegroup rscesect rscestd notrecognized Yes extinct Notes note The Bulgarian Scenthound lang bg , balgarsko gonche is a breed of hunting dog originating in Bulgaria . It is the most popular hunting breed in Bulgaria but is rare outside its borders. It is recognized by the Bulgarian Republican Federation of Cynology , a member of the F d ration Cynologique Internationale . It is unknown how the Bulgarian Scenthound came into the region of Bulgaria nor where its origins lay. Some sources indicate that Illyrians , Thracians , Celts and Greeks living in the Balkan peninsula used similar scenthounds for hunting. Some scholars suggest that all scenthounds found in the peninsula originate in Asia . The breed was presented for the first time in the World Hunting Fair of 1981 in Plovdiv . The Bulgarian Scenthound is a medium sized scent hound . It has strong, harmonic and elegant body with a rectangular outline. Bulgaria stub Bulgarian dogs Category Dog breeds Category Scent hounds Category Dog breeds originating in Bulgaria bg fi Bulgarianajokoira sv Balgarsko gontje ... more details
Image BulgarianBag.jpg right thumb 250px A 37 pound 17 kg Bulgarian Bag. The Bulgarian Bag lang bg , also known as the Bulgarian Training Bag lang bg ... strength. History The Bulgarian Bag was invented by Ivan Ivanov at around 2005. ref Connie Cook http www.sandiegodtown.com 2009 08 05 fitness column the bag boy of fitness challenges you with bulgarian training bags The Bag Boy of Fitness Challenges You With Bulgarian Training Bags San Diego Downtown, Aug. 5, 2009, Retrieved Oct. 5, 2010. ref Ivanov, a former Bulgarian Greco Roman Olympic athlete ..., bending, rotating, squatting, lunging, and throwing. ref http ibbconline.com resources faq Why was the Bulgarian ... tradition. fact date November 2011 Although the Bulgarian Bag was initially designed for Olympic class ... lift.org Perform Issues PTJ0803.pdf The Bulgarian Bag Extreme Training for the Next Fitness Generation .... ref One of the first advocates of the Bulgarian Bag outside the Olympic wrestling circuit was fitness ... International Bulgarian Bag Confederation to educate the public and offer advanced instruction ... of Bulgarian Bags is made out of leather or heavy duty canvas. The leather bags are handmade in Bulgaria ... made Bulgarian Bags can be constructed out of automobile inner tubes or children s ring float toys. ref Joe Hashey http www.synergy athletics.com effective strength training bulgarian training bag advanced construction video Bulgarian Training Bag Advanced Construction ref ref http jabmax.com 2009 06 27 how to make a bulgarian training bag under 12 00 How to make a Bulgarian Training Bag under 12.00 ... fitness, Bulgarian Bags are manufactured in different sizes and weights ref http www.suples.com bulgarian training bags Bulgarian Training Bags Suples,ltd. Inc., Retrieved Oct. 5, 2010. ref class wikitable ... right thumb 250px A 26 pound 12 kg Bulgarian Bag in use. The bag can be used as a free .... ref http ibbconline.com resources workouts Bulgarian Bag workouts IBBC Online, Accessed ... more details
journalist James David Bourchier has been relatinised according to the official Bulgarian system ... of Bulgarian is the practice of transliteration of text in the Bulgarian language from its ..., or for informal writing of Bulgarian in environments where Cyrillic is not easily available. Official use of romanization by Bulgarian authorities is found, for instance, in identity documents and in road ... mandatory for common use by the Bulgarian authorities in a law of 2009. ref name law2009 Features ... Bulgarian language Alphabet Bulgarian alphabet . The remaining 18 have constant mappings in all romanization ... to Bulgarian and differs from the conventions for the East Slavic languages , where it is rendered mostly as or shch . the letter , which in Bulgarian unlike the Russian language, where it is known ... as ou to distinguish it from . Standards Three different systems have been adopted officially by Bulgarian ... Systems, http www.eki.ee wgrs rom1 bg.pdf Bulgarian version 3.0 , March 2009 ref It is identical ... , , as well as j and c . It was adopted in 1973 as the Bulgarian state standard BDS 1596 1973 ... bg.org standard info.php?standard id 10222 BDS 1596 1973. Transliteration of Bulgarian words with Latin characters . Bulgarian Institute for Standardization BDS website. ref and yet to be replaced by a new standard conforming to the new Bulgarian practice and legislation. The second system was a French ... by the Bulgarian Ministry of Interior for travel abroad, used until 1999. ref http www.mdaar.government.bg text archpublications.php?full 96 Focus News Agency . 2 February 2008. in Bulgarian ref Systems ... rre Romanization.html On the Romanization of Bulgarian and English , Contrastive Linguistics ... of Bulgarian Names of 1989. ref name Danchev Andrey Danchev A. Danchev , Michael Holman linguist M. Holman , E. Dimova and M. Savova. An English Dictionary of Bulgarian Names Spelling and Pronunciation ... and Gaidarska 1998 , ref name Gaidarska M. Gaidarska. The Current State of the Transliteration of Bulgarian ... more details
Image Bulgarian wine regions map.gif thumb 300px Wine producing regions in Bulgaria Grape growing and wine production have a long history in Bulgaria , dating back to the times of the Thracians . Wine is, together with Bulgarian beer beer and grape rakia , among the most popular alcoholic beverages in the country. Viticultural regions A government decree of 13 July 1960 officially divided Bulgaria into five distinct viticultural regions. Danubian Plain North Bulgarian File Winemuseum.jpg right thumb The Wine Museum Pleven Wine Museum in Pleven The Danubian Plain Bulgaria Danubian Plain or North Bulgarian region encompasses the south banks of the Danube and the central and western parts of the Danubian Plain. The climate of the area is temperate continental wine continental , has a hot summer and many sunny days a year. Typical styles are Muscat grape and wine Muscat Ottonel , Cabernet Sauvignon , Merlot , Chardonnay , Aligot , Pamid and the local Gamza . Black Sea East Bulgarian The Black Sea region is where 30 of all vines are located. The region is characterized by long and mild autumns ... grape variety. Thracian Lowland South Bulgarian File Mavrudwine.jpg right thumb Mavrud is a typical Bulgarian wine variety from Upper Thracian Plain Thrace The temperate continental climate in the area ... winters and warm, dry summers. Struma River Valley Southwest Bulgarian The region includes the southwestern ... March 2006. http store.bulgarianwine.com bulgaria.html Bulgarian Wines FAQ . Retrieved from BulgarianWine.com ... enindex.htm BulgarianWines.org, Bulgarian wine portal http wineinbg.net wineinbg.net, The wine ..., general Bulgarian website on wine bg icon http www.meik98wines.com en bulgarian wine producers 95 , Bulgarian wine producers en icon http vino.start.bg Vino.Start.bg, portal page bg icon http www.BulgarianWine.com BulgarianWine.com online store and the largest importer of Bulgarian wines in the US ... Bulgarian Wine Category Bulgarian wine bg de Weinbau in Bulgarien fr Viticulture ... more details
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