Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin rami bronchiales partis thoracicae aortae, arteriae bronchiales GraySubject 153 GrayPage 600 Image Gray1032.png Caption Bronchialartery labeled at center right. BranchFrom thoracic aorta BranchTo Vein Bronchial veins Supplies lungs MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 02 DorlandsSuf 12689141 In human anatomy , the bronchial arteries help supply the lungs with nutrition and oxygenated blood . Although there is much variation, there are usually two bronchial arteries that run to the left lung , and one to the right lung . Origin The left bronchial arteries superior & inferior usually arise directly from the thoracic aorta . The single right bronchialartery usually ... intercostal artery 2 the superior bronchialartery on the left side 3 any number of the right intercostal arteries mostly the third right posterior. Distribution to lung The bronchial arteries supply .... Note that much of the blood supplied by the bronchial arteries is returned via the pulmonary veins rather than the bronchial veins . Each bronchialartery also has a branch that supplies the esophagus. Comparison with pulmonary arteries It is easy to confuse the bronchial arteries with the pulmonary ... wikitable artery function circulation diameter pulmonary arteries supplies deoxygenated blood pumped from the right ventricle pulmonary circulation relatively large bronchial arteries supplies oxygenated blood pumped from the left ventricle systemic circulation relatively small Pathology The bronchial ... F, Schild H, Thelen M title Spiral CT of bronchial arteries in chronic thromboembolism journal ... 00002 ref The bronchial arteries are usually not reconnected following lung transplantation ref Nowak et al. BronchialArtery Revascularization affects Graft Recovery after Lung Transplant. AJRCCM Vol 165. Number 2, Jan 2002 ref Aneurysm s of the bronchialartery may mimic aortic aneurysm s. ref cite journal author Vernhet H title Bronchial aneurysms mimicking aortic aneurysms endovascular ... more details
Bronchial vessels can refer to bronchialarterybronchial vein disambig Excess long comment to prevent listing on Special Shortpages ............................................................ more details
Infobox Vein Name PAGENAME Latin venae bronchiales GraySubject 172 GrayPage 667 Image Caption Image2 Caption2 DrainsFrom DrainsTo azygos vein , hemiazygos vein Artery Bronchial artery MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre v 05 DorlandsSuf 12849640 The bronchial veins are small vessels that return blood from the larger bronchi and structures at the roots of the lungs . The right side drains into the azygos vein , while the left side drains into the left superior intercostal vein or the accessory hemiazygos vein . The bronchial veins are counterparts to the bronchial arteries . The bronchial veins, however, do not return all of the blood supplied by the bronchial arteries much of the blood that is carried in the bronchial arteries is returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins . See also Bronchial arteries Pulmonary arteries Pulmonary veins External links BUHistology 13903loa circulatory stub Veins of the thorax and vertebral column Category Veins of the torso es Venas bronquiales pt Veias bronquiais ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Bronchial thermoplasty is a treatment for severe asthma approved by the FDA in 2010 involving the delivery of controlled, therapeutic radiofrequency energy to the airway wall, thus heating the tissue and reducing the amount of smooth muscle present in the airway wall. ref Cox G., M. D., McWilliams A., FitzGerald J.M., and Lam S. 2006 . Bronchial Thermoplasty for Asthma. American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine 173 965 969. ref This treatment has been shown to result in acute epithelial destruction with regeneration observed in the epithelium , blood vessels , mucosa and nerves. However, airway smooth muscle has demonstrated almost no capacity for regeneration , instead being replaced by connective tissue . ref Mitzner, W. 2006 . Bronchial Thermoplasty in Asthma. Allergology International 55 3 225 234. ref The Procedure A full course of bronchial thermoplasty treatment ref http journals.lww.com bronchology Abstract 2007 04000 Clinical Pearls for Bronchial Thermoplasty.15.aspx ref includes three separate bronchoscopic procedures one for the each lower ... study of bronchial thermoplasty, ref http ajrccm.atsjournals.org cgi content abstract 181 2 116 ref adults with severe asthma that were treated with bronchial thermoplasty had improved asthma related ... to control patients, patients treated with bronchial thermoplasty also experienced the following ... In the period immediately following bronchial thermoplasty, there was an expected transient increase in the frequency and worsening of respiratory related symptoms Procedure Availability Bronchial thermoplasty ... Asthmatx, Inc. Alair Bronchial Thermoplasty System P080032 publisher U.S. Food and Drug Administration date 2010 05 19 ref and is available at various http www.btforasthma.com bronchial thermoplasty procedure availability Hospitals in the United States and Canada Bronchial thermoplasty is now being ... Ravenscroft ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Bronchial Thermoplasty Category Asthma Category Respiratory ... more details
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness or other combinations with airway or hyperreactivity is a state characterised by easily triggered bronchospasm contraction of the bronchioles or small airways . Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a bronchial challenge test . This most often uses products like methacholine or histamine . These chemicals trigger bronchospasm in normal individuals as well, but people with bronchial hyperresponsiveness have a lower threshold. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD . ref name pmid9817744 cite journal author Postma DS, Kerstjens HA title Characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease journal Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. volume 158 issue 5 Pt 3 pages S187 92 year 1998 month November pmid 9817744 doi url http ajrccm.atsjournals.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9817744 ref In the Lung Heart Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two thirds of patients with non severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other factors. ref name pmid8665038 cite journal author Tashkin DP, Altose MD, Connett JE, Kanner RE, Lee WW, Wise RA title Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study Research Group journal Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. volume 153 issue 6 Pt 1 pages 1802 11 year 1996 month June pmid 8665038 doi url ref In asthma it tends to be reversible with bronchodilator therapy, while this is not the case in COPD. Footnotes references Respiratory physiology Category Bronchus disorders Category Pulmonary function testing sv Bronkiell hyperreaktivitet ... more details
Other uses Infobox Anatomy Name Artery Latin arteries GraySubject GrayPage Image Arterial System en.svg Caption The human main arteries, part of the circulatory system. Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber Arteries from the Greek language Greek art ria , windpipe, artery ref http www.perseus.tufts.edu hopper text?doc Perseus 3Atext 3A1999.04.0057 3Aentry 3Da 29rthri 2Fa , Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek English Lexicon , on Perseus ref are blood vessel s that carry blood away from the heart . This blood is normally oxygenated, exceptions made for the pulmonary arteries pulmonary and Umbilical artery umbilical arteries . The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life . Its proper functioning is responsible for the delivery of oxygen and nutrient s to all cells, as well as the removal of carbon dioxide and waste products, maintenance of optimum pH , and the mobility of the elements, proteins and cells of the immune system . In developed country developed countries , the two leading causes of death , myocardial ... and refills. This pressure variation within the artery produces the pulse which is observable in any artery, and reflects heart activity. Arteries also aid the heart in pumping blood. Arteries carry ... artery pulmonary arteries , which carry blood to the lungs for oxygenation, all arteries carry ... to the whole body, and pulmonary artery pulmonary arteries , carrying blood from the heart to the lung ... the lumen anatomy lumen . Types of arteries Pulmonary arteries The pulmonary artery pulmonary ... artery. It receives blood directly from the left Ventricle heart ventricle of the heart via the aortic ..., namely the brachiocephalic artery , the left common carotid and the left subclavian arteries. Arterioles ... in the artery wall is a build up of cell debris, that contain lipids cholesterol and fatty acids ... Puls re pms Arteria nds Arterie pl T tnica pt Art ria ro Arter ru sq Arteria simple Artery ... more details
Diagnostic infobox Name PAGENAME Image Caption ICD10 ICD9 MeshID OPS301 OPS301 1 714 OtherCodes A bronchial challenge test is a medical test used to assist in the diagnosis of asthma . ref cite journal author Dixon C title The bronchial challenge test a new direction in asthmatic management journal J Natl Med Assoc volume 75 issue 2 pages 199 204 year 1983 month February pmid 6827612 pmc 2561444 ref The patient breathes in nebulizer nebulized methacholine or histamine . Thus the test may also be called a methacholine challenge test or histamine challenge test respectively. Both drugs provoke bronchoconstriction , or narrowing of the airways. Whereas histamine causes nasal and bronchial mucus secretion and bronchoconstriction via the H1 receptor , methacholine utilizes the M3 receptor for bronchoconstriction. The degree of narrowing can then be quantified by spirometry . People with pre existing airway hyperreactivity, such as asthmatics, will react to lower doses of drug. Sometimes, to assess the reversibility of a particular condition, a bronchodilator is administered to counteract the effects of the bronchoconstrictor before repeating the spirometry tests. This is commonly referred to as a reversibility test , or a post bronchodilator test post BD , and may help in distinguishing asthma from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . False positives and negatives are possible in the bronchial challenge test. In addition, asthma may be temporary due to an exposure to noxious stimuli or exercise. The bronchial challenge test is physically demanding, and the results can be affected by muscular weakness or exhaustion. The inhaled drug can stimulate the upper airway sufficiently to cause violent coughing. This can make spirometry difficult or impossible. This test is contraindicated in patients with severe airway obstruction due to the obvious worsening of the obstruction. References reflist Med diagnostic stub lung stub Respiratory system procedures Category Respiratory system ... more details
Infobox Artery Name Pulmonary artery Latin truncus pulmonalis, arteria pulmonalis GraySubject 141 GrayPage 543 Imagemap Heart diagram 250px Caption Anterior frontal view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow. Pulmonary artery labeled at upper right. Image2 Alveoli diagram.png Caption2 Diagram of the alveoli with both cross section and external view. BranchFrom right ventricle BranchTo Vein pulmonary vein Precursor truncus arteriosus embryology truncus arteriosus Supplies MeshName Pulmonary Artery MeshNumber A07.231.114.715 DorlandsPre t 20 DorlandsSuf 12826098 The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs . These are the only artery arteries other than Umbilical artery umbilical arteries in the fetus that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart , the pulmonary trunk pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery begins at the base of the right ventricle . It is short and wide approximately 5 cm 2 inches in length and 3 ... deliver de oxygenated blood to the corresponding lung . In contrast to the pulmonary arteries , the bronchial ... Image Bronchial anatomy.jpg Bronchial anatomy File Relations of the aorta, trachea, esophagus and other heart structures.png Image showing main pulmonary artery coursing ventrally to the aortic root and vertebrate trachea trachea , and the right pulmonary artery passes dorsally to the ascending aorta , while the left pulmonary artery passes ventrally to the descending aorta . gallery gallery Image Illu bronchi lungs.jpg Bronchi, bronchial tree, and lungs Image Illu pulmonary circuit.jpg Pulmonary ... of thorax, showing relations of pulmonary artery. gallery gallery Image Gray556.png Base and diaphragmatic ... artery gallery See also Chronic obstructive lung disease Pulmonary hypertension Thromboembolic ... lung . BUHistology 13802loa cardiovascular system Arteries of chest DEFAULTSORT Pulmonary Artery ... pulmonar ru simple Pulmonary artery sk P cna tepna sr ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin truncus brachiocephalicus GraySubject 142 GrayPage 548 Image Gray506.svg Caption Schematic of the proximal aorta, frontal view. The brachiocephalic artery labeled innominate is the third branch of the aorta and the first branch from the arch of the aorta. The heart in the lower left is not shown. Image2 Gray560.png Caption2 The veins of the thyroid gland. BranchFrom aorta aortic arch BranchTo right common carotid artery BR right subclavian artery BR thyreoidea ima Vein brachiocephalic vein Supplies MeshName Brachiocephalic Veins MeshNumber A07.231.908.130 DorlandsPre t 20 DorlandsSuf 12825973 The brachiocephalic artery or brachiocephalic trunk or innominate artery is an artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck . It is the first branch of the aorta aortic arch , and soon after it emerges, the brachiocephalic artery divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery . There is no brachiocephalic artery for the left side of the body. The left common carotid, and the left subclavian artery, come directly off the aortic arch. However, there are two brachiocephalic vein s. Origin It arises, on a level with the upper border of the second right costal cartilage , from the commencement of the arch of the aorta, on a plane anterior to the origin of the left carotid it ascends obliquely upward, backward, and to the right to the level of the upper border of the right sternoclavicular articulation, where it divides into the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries. In infants, it often divides cephalad to the sternoclavicular articulation, within the anterior triangle of the neck. Branches The innominate artery usually gives off no branches, but occasionally a small branch, the thyreoidea ima, arises from it. Other times, it gives off a thymic or bronchial branch. The thyreoidea ... artery labeled at upper right. Image Gray622.png The tracheobronchial lymph glands. Image Gray968.png ... more details
Colic artery an artery that serves the colon anatomy colon can refer to the Ileocolic artery Right colic artery Middle colic artery Left colic artery The first three are branches of the superior mesenteric artery the fourth is a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery . disambig ... more details
Mammary artery may refer to the internal thoracic artery previously known as the internal mammary artery The internal thoracic artery is commonly chosen as a graft artery during coronary artery bypass graft surgery. the lateral thoracic artery previously known as the external mammary artery disambig ... more details
Sternocleidomastoid artery can refer to Sternocleidomastoid branches of occipital artery Sternocleidomastoid branch of superior thyroid artery disambig ... more details
Hepatic artery lang la arteria hepatica can refer to Common hepatic artery a branch of the celiac artery Hepatic artery proper a branch of the common hepatic artery disambig pl T tnica w trobowa ... more details
Gastroepiploic artery is the name of two different arteries serving the stomach and greater omentum Left gastro omental artery , a branch of the splenic artery Right gastro omental artery , a branch of the gastroduodenal artery disambig ... more details
Alveolar artery may refer to Superior alveolar artery , which divides into 2 parts Anterior superior alveolar artery Posterior superior alveolar artery Inferior alveolar artery seealso Alveolus disambiguation disambig ... more details
A precerebral artery is an artery leading to the cerebrum , but not in the cerebrum. Examples include Vertebral artery Basilar artery Common carotid artery Arteries of head and neck Category Arteries of the head and neck Anatomy stub ... more details
Artery disease may refer to the following coronary artery disease Peripheral artery disease, more commonly called peripheral vascular disease Carotid artery disease, more commonly called carotid artery stenosis disambig ... more details
Scapular artery can refer to Circumflex scapular artery Dorsal scapular artery disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Communicating artery may refer to Anterior communicating artery Posterior communicating artery disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Infobox Artery Name Cerebellar artery Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image CerebellumArteries.jpg Caption The three major arteries of the cerebellum the SCA, AICA, and PICA. Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber Vein Cerebellar veins A cerebellar artery is an artery that provides blood to the cerebellum . Types include Superior cerebellar artery Anterior inferior cerebellar artery Posterior inferior cerebellar artery Arteries of head and neck Category Arteries of the head and neck anatomy stub ... more details
Marginal artery can refer to Marginal artery of the colon , also known as the artery of Drummond The marginal branch of the right coronary artery a major branch of the right coronary artery RCA that rises in proximity to where the RCA passes around the lateral margin or side of the heart to its posterior aspect . disambig ... more details
Infobox Artery Name Maxillary artery Latin arteria maxillaris GraySubject 144 GrayPage 559 Image Gray510.png Caption Plan of branches of maxillary artery. Internal maxillary is horizonal at left center. Image2 Gray511.png Caption2 Plan of branches of maxillary artery. BranchFrom external carotid artery BranchTo 1st part anterior tympanic artery anterior tympanic deep auricular artery deep auricular middle meningeal artery middle meningeal superior tympanic artery superior tympanic Accessory branch of middle meningeal artery accessory meningeal inferior alveolar artery inferior alveolar BR 2nd part Posterior deep temporal artery Pterygoid branches of maxillary artery Pterygoid branches masseteric artery masseteric buccinator artery buccinator Anterior deep temporal artery BR 3rd part posterior superior alveolar artery posterior superior alveolar infraorbital artery infraorbital descending palatine artery descending palatine artery of the pterygoid canal sphenopalatine artery sphenopalatine ... a 61 DorlandsSuf 12154985 The maxillary artery or internal maxillary artery in older texts is an artery that supplies deep structures of the face. It branches from the external carotid artery just ... artery is labeled. File Maxillary artery branches.png thumb 350px left Branches of the maxillary artery. The maxillary artery, the larger of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery ... auricular artery Anterior tympanic artery Middle meningeal artery Inferior alveolar artery which gives off its mylohyoid branch just prior to entering the mandibular foramen Accessory meningeal artery ... and enters the fossa. Branches include Masseteric artery Pterygoid branches of maxillary artery Pterygoid branches Deep temporal arteries anterior and posterior Buccal artery Third portion The third ... ganglion . This is considered the terminal branch of the maxillary artery. Branches include Sphenopalatine artery Nasopalatine artery is the terminal branch of the Maxillary artery Descending palatine ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Image Penvein.png thumb 350px Arteries and veins of the penis. The penile artery also known as the common penile artery is the artery that serves blood to the penis . It subdivides into three arteries, the bulbourethral artery , the dorsal artery of the penis and the cavernosal artery . The penile artery is susceptible to trauma. Impact to the groin causing damage to the artery may cause erectile dysfunction in young men. In select patients surgery may correct erectile dysfunction. DEFAULTSORT Penile Artery Category Arteries Category Penis Circulatory stub ... more details
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