unreferenced date May 2007 A Brailletranslator is a software program that translates a script into Braille cells, and sends it to a Braille embosser , which produces a hard copy in Braille script of the original text. Basically only the script is transformed, not the language . Braille Software type stub Category Braille Category Machine translation ... more details
About the blind writing method BrailleChars Infobox Writing system name Braille or Braille System type ... creator Louis Braille unicode http www.unicode.org charts PDF U2800.pdf U 2800 to U 28FF iso15924 Image DSC 4050 MR Braille.jpg right thumbnail 200px Braille code where the word lang fr Brai Unicode lang fr premier , French language French for first can be read. Spoken Wikipedia En Braille article.ogg 2006 09 06 The Braille system is a method that is widely used by blindness blind people to read ... , in The World s Writing Systems, p 886 ref Braille was devised in 1825 by Louis Braille , a blind ... dwnld &filename Bio Br Paris GB 060109.pdf title Louis Braille 1809 1852, a French genius author Roy, No lle journal Valentin Ha y Association website accessdate 2011 02 05 ref . Each Braille ... Braille text are separated by a space, much like visible printed text, so that the dots of one line can be differentiated from the Braille text above and below. Punctuation is represented by its own unique set of characters. History The Braille system was based on a method of communication originally ... , where he met Louis Braille. Braille identified the major failing of the code, which was that the human ... from one symbol to another. His modification was to use a 6 dot cell &mdash the Braille system &mdash ... much more like shorthand. Derivation Braille is derived from the Latin alphabet, albeit indirectly. In Braille s original system, the points were assigned according to the position of the letter ... at the end. ref Madeleine Loomis, 1942, The Braille Reference Book for Grades I, I , and II . ref ... Form Braille can be seen as the world s first Binary numeral system binary Character encoding encoding ... invented by Braille consists of two parts A character encoding for mapping characters of the French ... in a Braille cell. Today different Braille codes or code page s are used to map character sets of different languages to the six bit cells. Different Braille codes are also used for different uses like ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name The Translator title orig translator image image caption author Leila Aboulela illustrator cover artist country language English series genre publisher Grove Press Black Cat imprint release date 1999 english release date media type pages 208 isbn preceded by followed by The Translator is Egyptian born Sudanese and British educated writer Leila Aboulela s first novel, published in 1999. The Translator is a story about a young Sudanese widow living in Scotland and her sprouting relationship with Islamic scholar Rae Isles. DEFAULTSORT Translator Category 1999 novels Category Debut novels Category Sudanese English language novels 1990s novel stub ... more details
it. GOODFEEL is a Braille Music Translator made by Dancing Dots that helps blind musicians and students. Virgo 4 a text to speech screen reader , text to Braille, and alternative computer interface for the blind creator software. Hardware main Braille display Braille keyboards were in use only with Braille typewriters. Braille reading computer users prefer the standard keyboard as a text composing input device. Braille computer keyboards are extremely rare. main Braille embosser Braille ...Braille Technology is capable of revolutionizing the lives of thousands of people because it allows them to engage in the virtual world that can not be perceived through their eyes. Braille Technology allows blind or visually impaired people to do common tasks such as writing, browsing the internet, typing in Braille and printing in text, engaging in chat, downloading files, music, using electronic mail, burning music, and reading documents. It also allows blind or visually impaired students to complete all assignments in school as the rest of sighted classmates and allows them take courses on line ... applications. The advances of Braille technology are meaningful because blind people can access more texts, books and libraries and it also facilitates the printing of Braille texts. Despite the Braille ... impaired are able to read Braille . ref cite web last Dean first Katie authorlink coauthors title All Eyes on Braille Software work publisher Wired date url http www.wired.com science discoveries ..., documents and programs on Microsoft Windows. Words on the screen can also be sent to a Braille ... Notetakers Lite which is a highly developed braille notetaker See also Assistive technology References reflist http www.afb.org Section.asp?SectionID 4&TopicID 31&DocumentID 1282 Braille ... Foundation for the Blind http www.rncb.ac.uk study braille.shtml Braille Technology at RNC http www.dancingdots.com ... technology Assistive Technology Products Braille Category Braille Category Blindness equipment Category ... more details
A Braille embosser is a computer printer printer , necessarily an impact printer , that renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using BrailletranslatorBraille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ease, making Braille production much more efficient and cost effective. Blind users tend to call other printers ink printers , to distinguish them from their Braille counterparts. This is often the case regardless of the type of printer being discussed. As with ink printers and presses, embossers range from those intended for consumers to those used by large publishers. Thus, an embosser can cost roughly anywhere from US 2,000 to 80,000, depending on the user s needs. The fastest industrial Braille embosser is probably the 77,000 Belgian made NV Interpoint 55 , first produced in 1991, which uses a separate air compressor to drive the embossing head and can output up to 800 Braille characters per second. Adoption was slow at first in 2000 the National Federation of the Blind NFB said there were only 3 of these in the USA, one owned by the NFB itself and the other two ... . Smaller and slower Braille embossers are more common and can be found in some libraries ... and other components to come loose from the circuit boards. Braille embossers usually need special Braille paper which is thicker and more expensive than normal paper. Some high end embossers ... produces copies on soft plastic. However the resulting Braille is not as easily readable as Braille ... as the original. Hence large publishers do not generally use thermoforms. See also Braille ASCII Braille technology Perkins Brailler Mountbatten Brailler References FOLDOC External links http www.indexbraille.com Braille Embossers by Index Braille http www.viewplus.com Braille Embossers by ViewPlus ... s list of Braille embossers Braille Compu hardware stub Category Blindness equipment Category Braille cs Braillsk tisk rna de Brailledrucker et Braille printer ... more details
Braille is a system of writing for blind people. It may also refer to Louis Braille , the Frenchman who devised the writing system 9969 Braille , an asteroid named for Louis Braille Bryan Braille Winchester , an United States American rapper from Portland, Oregon See also Braille patterns , a Unicode block disambig ... more details
The GS8 or Gardner Salinas Braille code is a method of encoding mathematical and scientific notation linearly using eight dot Braille cell s for tactile reading by the visually impaired. The code was developed as a replacement for Nemeth Braille by John Gardner, a physicist at Oregon State University , and Norberto Salinas, an Argentinian mathematician. The GS8 Braille Code is an example of a compact human readable markup language . Its syntax is based on the LaTeX system for scientific typesetting. See also BrailleBraille music References http www cgi.cnn.com TECH 9511 new braille index.html Blind physicist creates better Braille &mdash a Cable News Network CNN news item, November 9, 1995 http www.ams.org notices 200210 comm morin.pdf The world of blind mathematicians &mdash article in Notices of the American Mathematical Society AMS , November 2002 Braille math stub Category Braille Category Mathematical notation ... more details
Refimprove date July 2008 other uses Nemeth disambiguation The Nemeth Braille Code for Mathematics is a Braille code for encoding mathematical and scientific notation linearly using standard six dot Braille cell s for tactile reading by the visually impaired. The code was developed by Abraham Nemeth . The Nemeth Braille Code is an example of a compact human readable markup language . External links http www.dotlessbraille.org NemethIntro.htm An Introduction to the Nemeth Braille Code for Mathematics http www.nbp.org National Braille Press sells Nemeth Reference Sheets in both print and braille http www.tsbvi.edu math nemeth reference.htm Nemeth Code reference sheets for algebra in both PDF and Braille ASCII http www.brailleauthority.org nemeth 1972.pdf Online version of The Nemeth Braille Code for Mathematics and Science Notation 1972 http www.viewplus.com products braille math tactile spatial math Simple alternative to Nemeth Braille developed by non sighted physicist Braille math stub Category Braille Category Mathematical notation Category Mathematical markup ... more details
unreferenced date November 2007 The Braille flag is a fully tactile graphic accompanied with a user key that aides the blindness blind in denoting the orientation, and colors of the Flag of the United States of America American flag s stripes, stars and blue field. It also contains the Pledge of Allegiance in raised print and grades one and two Braille. It was created at the Kansas Braille Transcription Institute , in Wichita, Kansas . The Braille flag was endorsed by the Blinded Veterans Association during its 61st Annual Convention in Buffalo, New York, in 2006. Congressman Todd Tiahrt of Kansas, along with 16 others, co sponsored a bill asking the 110th United States Congress 110th Congress to place the Braille flag as a monument to Americas blinded veterans, blind service members, and other blind Americans at the Arlington National Cemetery . External links http www.kbti.org flaginfo.html Kansas Braille Transcription Institute Braille American Flags Braille US stub Category Braille ... more details
Image Hebrewnumberspunc.PNG right Hebrew Braille is the system of Braille used by Hebrew speakers. The International Hebrew Braille Code in wide usage throughout the world was devised in the 1930s and completed in 1944. It is based on the standard Braille system, with additional letters devised to accommodate ... Hebrew, but in keeping with Braille, Hebrew Braille is read from left to right. ref name MackenzieMackenzie1954 ... title World Braille Usage a survey of efforts towards uniformity of braille notation year 1954 publisher UNESCO ref History Prior to the 1930s, there were several regional variations of Hebrew Braille ... newspapers?id 5rMqAAAAIBAJ&sjid PGEEAAAAIBAJ&pg 6631,2004612&dq jewish braille institute&hl en ref In 1936, the JBI International Jewish Braille Institute of America assembled an international ... Hebrew Braille Code in 1936, ref name Candle the same year in which the first Hebrew Braille book ... 60px perrow 8 Image Braille A1.svg Alef Alef hebrew , is either glottal stop silent , or that of its vowel underneath it. Same as a in standard English Braille. Image Braille V.svg Bet letter Vet hebrew , the v sound, like in v ote . Same as v in standard English Braille. Image Braille B2.svg Bet letter Bet hebrew , the b sound, like in b ike . Same as b in standard English Braille. Image Braille G7.svg Gimmel Gimmel hebrew , the g sound, like it g reat . Same as g in standard English Braille. Image Braille D4.svg Daled Daled hebrew , the d sound, like in d ome . Same as d in standard English Braille. Image Braille H8.svg He letter Hay hebrew , the h sound, like in h ouse . Same as h in standard English Braille. Image Braille W.svg Waw letter Vav hebrew , the v sound, like in v ote . Same as w in standard English Braille. Image Braille U.svg Waw letter Vav hebrew as a shuruk , the oo sound, like in r u se , f oo d . Same as u in standard English Braille. Image Braille ... Braille. Image Braille Z.svg Zayin Zayin hebrew , the z sound, like in z oo . Same as z in standard ... more details
refimprove date February 2010 Infobox Person name Louis Braille image Louis Braille by tienne Leroux.jpg image size 235px caption Bust of Louis Braille br by tienne Leroux 1836 1906 , br Biblioth que ... signature Louis Braille Signature.svg Louis Braille IPA en bre l IPA fr lwi b j lang January 4, 1809 January 6, 1852 was the inventor of braille , ref To Jamie LOusvetion the proper noun Braille is written in lower case braille when referring to the writing system. It is also pronounced differently ... people for reading and writing. Braille is read by passing the fingers over characters made up of an arrangement ... life Image Braille house07.JPG thumb left Bust of Louis Braille at his birthplace Braille was born ... left eye causing his blindness. At the age of 10, Braille earned a scholarship to the Institut National ... were sometimes abused or locked up as a form of punishment. Despite these circumstances, Braille proved ... Louis read. Development of the Braille System In 1821, Charles Barbier , a former Captain in the French ... to think about developing a system of his own. Image LouisBraille.png thumb right Louis Braille in braille Image Braille s tomb in the Pantheon.jpg thumb right Braille s tomb in the crypt of the Panth on ... coin commemorating the birth of Louis Braille. Louis Braille began to invent his raised dot system ... influenced by wooden dice his father had given to him. Braille s new system had several advantages ... to learn. The Braille system also offers numerous benefits over Ha y s raised letter method, the most ... to produce. Braille later extended his system to include notation for Nemeth Braille mathematics and Braille ... on to develop a Braille typewriter to speed up the somewhat cumbersome system. Death and honors Braille ... of braille, Ch.2 ref The 200th anniversary of his birth in 2009 was widely celebrated throughout Europe ... commons inline Notes reflist External links http www.avh.asso.fr rubriques infos braille bicentenaire louis braille.php Proceedings of Braille 1809 2009 Writing with six dots and its future , international ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2009 Image Watch for the blind2.jpg thumb right A braille watch A braille watch is a portable timepiece used by the blindness visually impaired to tell time. It is used by touching the dial and noticing the embossments. Both analog and digital versions are available. The analog type differs from the ones used by the sighted in that it lacks the protective glass cover and the clock hands are constructed to not be susceptible to movement at the mere touch of the finger that a blind person uses to observe their positions. In the other form, the dots like Braillebraille script keep changing position as time changes. In this case, one must understand the Braille alphabet to make use of such watches. Nowadays, electronic talking watches , which literally tell the time at the touch of a button, are more popular among blind people. Category Watches Category Blindness equipment Category BrailleBraille disability stub ... more details
Braille . ref Citation url http www.braille.org papers jvib0696 vb960329.htm title Estimated Number of Adult Braille Readers in the United States journal International Braille Research Center IBRC ... name Ranalli2008 Citation url http www.boston.com news local articles 2008 01 05 a boost for braille title A Boost for Braille author Ranalli, Ralph journal The Boston Globe accessdate 2009 04 17 date ..., only 10 percent use Braille as their primary reading medium. ref name Blind2008 Citation url http ... accessdate 2009 04 16 ref There are numerous causes for the decline in Braille usage, including ... vb960311.htm title The Impact of Braille Reading Skills on Employment, Income, Education, and Reading Habits author Riles, Ruby journal Braille Research Center accessdate 2009 04 15 ref A key turning point for Braille literacy was the passage by the United States Congress of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ... and hire Braille qualified teachers, Braille literacy has declined since the law took effect. ref name Ranalli2008 Braille literacy rates have improved slightly since the bill was passed, in part ... mandating that children who are legally blind be given the opportunity to learn braille. ref name ... 5,500 of them used braille as their primary reading medium. ref name Blind1999 Citation url ... title Braille Challenge Gives Young Blind Students a Chance to Shine author Ebnet, Matthew journal Los Angeles Times accessdate 2009 04 15 work The Los Angeles Times date 2001 06 30 ref Early Braille ... found that people who learned braille at an early age did just as well, if not better than ... that 44 percent of the participants who had learned to read in Braille were unemployed, compared ... Braille Education Vital year 2004 author Riles Ph.D., Ruby journal Future Reflections accessdate 2009 ... who are braille literate are employed. Among adults who do not know Braille, only 1 in 3 is employed. ref name Ranalli2008 Statistically, history has proven that braille reading proficiency provides ... more details
The Braille Challenge is an annual two stage Braille literacy competition designed to motivate Blindness blind students to emphasize their study of Braille . ref name Scientific2008 Citation url http www.freedomscientific.com ... parallels with the importance and educational purpose of a spelling bee for sighted children. Braille ..., students transcribe and read Braille using a device called a Perkins Brailler. Their speed and accuracy, comprehension, ability to decode charts and graphs in Braille, and spelling are all tested ... 2009 04 24 ref There are three grades of braille Grade 1, which consists of the 26 standard letters of the alphabet and punctuation. This grade of braille is only used by people who are first starting to read Braille. Grade 2, which consists of the 26 standard letters of the alphabet, punctuation and contractions. In this grade of braille contractions are used to save space. A normal Braille page ... other Braille materials are written in Grade 2 Braille. Grade 3, which is used only in personal letters .... The Braille Challenge started locally in 2000 sponsored by Braille Institute to help encourage and promote students braille skills. ref name Braille Institute and the Braille Challenge Citation url ... title Braille Institute and the Braille Challenge year 2006 journal Best ... In 2003 Braille Institute began partnering with other organizations and formed an advisory committee in order to make the Braille Challenge accessible to all kids across the United States and Canada ... events, sending 55 finalists to Los Angeles to compete for the 2003 Braille Challenge title. ref name Braille Institute and the Braille Challenge Participation in the contest has doubled since ... from 40 states and six Canadian provinces. ref name Braille Institute and the Braille Challenge ... 207.178.138.61 braille challenge title Hundreds of Students Have Completed the Braille Challenge Preliminary Round year 2009 author Braille Institute of America accessdate 2009 04 17 ref Over 500 students ... more details
BrailleChars Braille ASCII or more formally The North American Braille ASCII Code is a subset of the ASCII ... all possible dot combinations in six dot Braille . It was developed around 1969 and, in spite of originally being known as North American Braille ASCII, it is now used internationally. Overview Braille ... correspond to their equivalent values in uncontracted English Braille. Note however that, unlike standard print, there is only one Braille symbol for each letter of the alphabet. Therefore, in Braille ... or shifted lower in the Braille cell. For example, code dots 1 4 represents c , and code dots 2 5 is 3 . The other symbols may or may not correspond to their Braille values. For example, code dots 3 4 represents in Braille ASCII, and this is the Braille slash, but code dots 1 2 3 4 5 6 represents , and this is not the equals sign in Braille. Braille ASCII more closely corresponds to the Nemeth Braille Code for mathematics than it does to the English Literary Braille Code, as the Nemeth Braille code is what it was originally based upon. If Braille ASCII is viewed in a word processor , it will look ... fonts available, many of them free, which allow the user to view and print Braille ASCII as simulated Braille, i.e. a graphical representation of Braille characters Uses Braille ASCII was originally designed to be a means for storing and transmitting six dot Braille in a digital format, and this continues ... keyboard s, it can be easily typed and edited with a standard word processor. Many Braille embossers receive their input in Braille ASCII, and nearly all Braille translation software can import and export this format. Several institutions which produce Braille materials distribute BRF files. BRF files are files which primarily contain Braille ASCII, but also include control character s fact reason ... March 2011 , which effect how the Braille is printed or displayed. These files can then be embossed with a Braille embosser or printed, read on a Refreshable Braille display , or back translated ... more details
Braille music is a Braille code that allows music to be notated using Braille cells so that music can be read by visually impaired musicians. The Braille music system was originally developed by Louis Braille . Image Braille cell.svg thumb Braille cell, 2 dots wide by 3 dots high Braille music uses the same six position Braille cell as literary braille. However braille music assigns an entirely separate meaning to each braille symbol or group of symbols, different from literary braille, and has its ... can be written in braille music notation as well. However, braille music notation is a completely ... collection of braille music is located at the http www.nlb online.org mod.php?mod userpage&menu 130002&page id 50 National Library for the Blind , in Stockport, UK. Learning Braille music Braille ... braille music as do sighted musicians who learn to read print music. Visually impaired musicians who ... musicians can begin learning to read braille music about the time they have reasonable competence reading BrailleBraille transcription Grade 2 literary braille . Teaching Braille music Braille music ... teachers with no previous knowledge of braille music can easily learn the rudiments of braille music notation and keep a step or two ahead of the beginning student who is learning braille music. Some common print method books are available in music braille, so that the sighted teacher can use a print ... about courses and materials for learning braille music can be found in the http brenthugh.com braillem braimfaq.html Braille Music FAQ . Transcribing music into Braille Much commonly used music has been transcribed into braille. In the U.S. this is available from the National Library Service NLS ... have a national library similar to the NLS. See the http brenthugh.com braillem braimfaq.html Braille ... never before been transcribed to braille music. In the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and many other countries, there is a http www.loc.gov nls music musictranscribers.html network of braille ... more details
BrailleChars In Unicode , Braille is represented in a Unicode block block called Braille Patterns U 2800..U 28FF . The block contains all 256 possible patterns of an 8 dot Braille cell, thereby including ... Unicode Chapter 15 , section 15.10 ref Symbols, not a script In Unicode the Braille characters .... For example while unichar 2813 BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS 125 is defined, there is no reference to the letter H , as exists in basic Latin Braille. In other Braille languages the same pattern & x2813 can have a different meaning in the original Latin Braille the same & x2813 can represent digit 8 . For this reason a dot pattern is not a letter , Unicode declares that strictly spoken, Braille ..., other , not Lo Letter, other . Although beyond that declaration, Braille is treated as a script multiple places. E.g. the character property Scripts in Unicode Script for the 256 Braille code points is ISO 15924 Brai , for Braille. This way searching users and programs are led to the right place. Identifying, naming and ordering File Braille8dotCellNumbering.svg right 100px alt Braille dot numbering Braille dot numbering The coding is in accordance with ISO TR 11548 1 Communication aids for blind ... the 6 dot cell was used in Braille. The lower two dots were added later, which explains the irregular ... pattern mentions the raised dots unichar 2813 BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS 125 has dots 1, 2 and 5 raised. By exception, the zero dot raised pattern is named unichar 2800 BRAILLE PATTERN BLANK . ref name Unicode chart U2800 http www.unicode.org charts PDF U2800.pdf Unicode chart U 2800 , Braille patterns ref ..., from the offset 2800 sub 16 sub . style wikitable border 1 cellpadding 3 Unicode Braille Pattern encoding examples Braille symbol span class IPA style font family Charis SIL, Doulos SIL, DejaVu Sans ... U 2813 small small U 28C7 small small U 28FF small Name small BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS 125 small small BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS 12378 small small BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS 12345678 small Dot numbers available ... more details
Infobox Planet minorplanet yes width 25em bgcolour FFFFC0 apsis name 9969 Braille symbol image Image PIA01345.jpg 265px caption 9969 Braille, as imaged by Deep Space 1 discovery yes discovery ref discoverer E. F. Helin & K. J. Lawrence discovered May 27, 1992 designations yes mp name 9969 Braille alt names 1992 KD named after Louis Braille mp category orbit ref epoch April 10, 2007 aphelion 3.355258248767612 ... of an Asteroidal Magnetic Field DS1 at Braille author I. Richter, D.E. Brinza, M. Cassel, K.H. ... max temp 2 spectral type Q type asteroid abs magnitude 15.8 9969 Braille is a small List of Mars crossing ... Cite journal title 9969 Braille Deep Space 1 infrared spectroscopy, geometric albedo, and classification ... at Palomar observatory and later named after Louis Braille , the inventor of the Braille writing system ... Braille in honour of Louis Braille as suggested by Kennedy Space Center software engineer ... Orbit Image AnimatedOrbitOf9969Braille.gif left thumb Orbit of 9969 Braille blue , planets red and the Sun black . The outermost planet shown is Jupiter . Braille has an unusually inclined orbit, and belongs ... title Asteroid Braille author Calvin J. Hamilton ref Although its closest approach to the Sun ... . Physical characteristics Braille is a Q type asteroid , composed mostly of olivine and pyroxene . Early ... approximately 2.1 km 1 km 1 km. Exploration Detailed information about Braille ... done in conjunction with the mission. ref name main By the time Deep Space 1 reached Braille, its ... the probe came within 26 km of Braille, the images and Electromagnetic spectrum spectra were ... Cite journal title Groundbased investigation of asteroid 9969 Braille, target of the spacecraft mission ... with Braille was of strong scientific value. No lone asteroid as small as Braille had previously ... 9969 Braille from Ground Based Observations and Images Obtained during the Deep Space 1 DS1 ... DEFAULTSORT Braille Category Asteroids visited by spacecraft Category Main Belt asteroids Category Mars ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Braille Night Cover Type Studio Album Artist Ida band Ida Released June 5, 2001 Genre Indie rock , Indie folk , Baroque pop , Acoustic music Acoustic , Dream pop Label Tiger Style Records Producer Last album Will You Find Me br 2000 This album The Braille Night br 2001 Next album Heart Like a River br 2005 The Braille Night is the fifth studio album by American indie rock duo Ida band Ida , released in 2001 in music 2001 on Tiger Style Records . Track listing Let s Go Walking 3 59 Ignatia Amara 2 44 Arrowheads 3 57 So Long 5 46 Blizzard of 78 7 19 So Worn Out 2 33 The Braille Night 2 04 Gladiolas 5 44 Ocean of Glass 4 05 Moves Through the Air 9 13 Personnel Elizabeth Mitchell Vocals Daniel Littleton Vocals Geoff Farina Guitar Ruth Keating Drums Jean Cook Violin DEFAULTSORT Braille Night, The Category 2001 albums ... more details
Cantonese Braille Chinese language Chinese is a Cantonese language version of Braille in Hong Kong . It is locally referred as tim chi , dot character , or more commonly, tuk chi , raised character . Although Cantonese is written in Chinese character s, the Cantonese Braille is coded by purely Cantonese phonetics , with some special codes for punctuation East Asian punctuation Chinese punctuation s, and number names numeral s and Roman alphabet s from original Braille. It can be mixed with English language English text. Braille Image Braille cell.svg float right thumb 80px A Braille cell Braille is coded by arranging 6 dots into a Braille cell of 2 columns and 3 rows. Each dot is numbered from 1 6 the left column is 1, 2 and 3 from top to down and right 4, 5 and 6. If a dot is used, it would be punched on paper or raised on plate for blinds, or shaded black in visual representation. With the coming of the electronic age, Braille is extended to 8 dots by adding seventh and eighth dot at the bottom for mapping ASCII . In Cantonese Braille, the two extra dots are ignored and not shown. See Braille The Braille alphabet Braille Alphabet for details on using Braille. Unicode rendering table Main Chart The following charts shows the Braille code used by Cantonese Braille. From traditional Chinese phonetics, the pronunciation of a Chinese character can divided in three parts ... un and tone 4 , is translated into Cantonese Braille . Usually, there is no space between Chinese ... Cantonese phonology . class wikitable style margin 0.5em auto clear both font size 95 Braille equivalent Cantonese Braille dot position initial final tone style font size 200 2346 un style font ... date June 2008 References Cantonese Braille is described pictorially at http www.hadley school.org 7 d chineseBrailleAlphabet.asp See also Standard Cantonese Cantonese Chinese BrailleBraille Category Cantonese language Category Languages of Hong Kong Category Braille ... more details
BrailleChars Unreferenced date December 2009 Thai Braille is a Braille system for the Thai language . It consists of Braille for the Thai consonants and vowels. Unlike Thai itself, Thai Braille is a full alphabet rather than an abugida . Braille Consonants font size 6 class wikitable align center style font weight bold Alphabet align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size ... align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size xx ... align center style font weight bold Alphabet align center Braille class Unicode style ... align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size ... large align center style font weight bold Alphabet align center Braille class Unicode ... align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font ... xx large align center style font weight bold Alphabet align center Braille class Unicode style ... style font weight bold Alphabet align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class ... center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size xx large class ... style font weight bold Alphabet align center Braille class Unicode ... align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style ... size xx large align center style font weight bold Alphabet align center Braille class Unicode ... align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size ... Numericals are same as other Braille systems Ex. font lang vn size 4 font font size 6 font Braille Category Braille Thai Braille ja ... more details
SpecialChars Chinese braille zh s t p Xi nx ng M ngw n , literally Current Braille is a braille ... other braille systems, although a few of the patterns have been borrowed from alphabetical Braille as can be seen in the tables below. One Chinese character is generally represented by 1 to 3 Braille ... Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode ... size xx large align center style font weight bold Equivalent Braille ASCII B C D F G H J K L M N P Q S T Z Rimes class wikitable style text align center Pinyin Braille equivalent Braille ASCII ye ie ... any reader to say it s the same as a 3 . because a 3 in English Braille is normally written as C. the ascii braille digits are the equivalent of the so called lower numbers used in Braille music for the lower ... marks none align center Braille class Unicode style font size xx large class Unicode style font ... center Equivalent Braille ASCII A 1 i.e. lower 1 2 i.e. lower 2 none Symbols class wikitable align center style font weight bold Symbols , ? interpunct align center Braille style font size xx large ... Braille ASCII 2 1 3 , , ,2 2 Rules Spaces are added between words, rather than between syllables. Tone ... not early perfective grammatical particle particle Braille font size 6 font Equivalent Braille ASCII ... seems to cause real confusion. Whilst the Braille assignment does not cause much ambiguity, the rule ... Braille cell is quite uneconomical. Systematic indication of tones in the current system could lengthen the text by 50 . Two Cell Chinese Braille A more delicate system known as Two Cell Chinese Braille ... onset, rime and tone of one syllable in two Braille cells, thus is at the same time unambiguous ... eng gives ong for n, use en ong iong Digits Use the standard Braille number sign followed by 1 2 3 ... published by the China Braille Press . ref http benetech.blogspot.com 2008 10 china braille press.html ref The National Taiwan Library has a Braille room with a postal mail service and some ... more details
Infobox musical artist Name Anchor & Braille Img AnberlinStephenChristian.jpg Img capt Christian performing with Anberlin at the Commodore Ballroom in May 2009. Img size Background group or band Birth name Alias Born Died Origin Winter Haven , Florida , United States U.S. Instrument Genre Acoustic rock br Ambient music Ambient br Baroque pop br Folk music Folk Occupation Years active 2004 present Label Wood Water Records Associated acts Anberlin br Copeland band Copeland URL http www.anchorandbraille.com www.anchorandbraille.com Current members Stephen Christian Anchor & Braille is the acoustic side project of Anberlin s lead singer Stephen Christian with collaboration from Aaron Marsh of Copeland band Copeland . History Anchor & Braille was conceived when Christian realized that he had written many songs that he knew Anberlin could never use. The songs were said to have a different feel from Anberlin s material and the lyrics were topics that he felt more personal, which he was not ready at that time to share on a mass platform. ref name Abs cite web url http www.absolutepunk.net showthread.php?t 1104822 title Anchor & Braille Release Date, Track List publisher AbsolutePunk accessdate 2009 06 18 ref The band streamed the entire album on their MySpace page before its release on August ... The Ultimate Punk Music Store Bot generated title ref Anchor & Braille s initial output greatly ... Marsh initially stated he would not be touring with Anchor & Braille so as to focus primarily on Copeland .... Anchor & Braille will join Copeland s US tour in July with Sherwood American band Sherwood , Meese ... Heatseekers chart. ref Cite web url http www.billboard.com artist anchor braille chart history 831494 artist anchor braille chart history 831494 title Chart History Heatseekers Albums work Billboard ... PureVolume http www.districtlines.com Anchor Braille Official online store http thealbumproject.net 2009 07 interview stephen christian anchor braille Interview with Stephen Christian About A&B at thealbumproject.net ... more details
Image Asahi super dry beer top of can with braille.jpg thumb right Japanese Braille on a can of Asahi Super Dry beer, written sake Japanese braille is a braille code for writing the Japanese language . It is based on the original braille system. In Japanese it is known as nihongo tenji , literally dot characters . Below is a basic chart of Japanese braille with the Japanese hiragana character followed by the standard roman character reading above each braille character. Japanese braille is a vowel based abugida . That is, the glyphs are syllabic, but unlike kana contain separate symbols for consonants and vowels, and the vowels take primacy. The vowels are written in the upper left corner points 1, 2, 4 and may be used alone. The consonants are written in the lower right corner points 3, 5, 6 and cannot occur alone. An isolated t would be read as wo , for example. The only exception is m , which when written alone is the syllabic nasal, which may perhaps be a design feature rather than coincidence, as the syllabic nasal derives from historic mu. However, the semivowel y is indicated by point 4, a vowel point, and the vowel symbol is dropped to the bottom of the block. When this is written ... br br br br In Japanese braille, the signs ... only in katakana to indicate a long vowel. This also looks like a dash in braille. class wikitable ... that the preceding vowel is long. Punctuation Besides the punctuation of Japanese, braille also ... braille Chinese braille Vietnamese braille Hebrew braille External links http www.hi.sfc.keio.ac.jp access arc NetBraille etc brttrl.html Japanese braille Tutorial http homepages.cwi.nl dik english codes braille.html braille for various scripts Braille list of writing systems DEFAULTSORT Japanese Braille Category Encodings of Japanese Braille Category Braille ar de Japanische Brailleschrift fr Braille japonais ko ja ... more details
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