Unreferenced date May 2009 Infobox Language name Brabantian nativename Braobans states flag Belgium br ... dialects Brabantian or Brabantish , also Brabantic Brabantian Braobans lang nl Brabants , is a dialect ... Brabant where the use of French has caused the dialect to become extinct . Brabantian expands into small ... from Brabantian, though there are no objective criteria apart from geography to do this. Because of the relatively large area in which Brabantian is spoken, it can be roughly divided in three sub dialects West Brabantian, spoken in the area west of the river Donge river Donge in the west of North ... and west of the Province of Antwerp in Belgium. East Brabantian, spoken in the area east ... of the Province of Limburg. South Brabantian, spoken in the province of Flemish Brabant and the south of Antwerp . Brabantian is not recognized as a minority language in the Netherlands . Standard Dutch is partly based on Brabantian Citation needed date October 2008 . About one third of the Dutch speaking population lives in the Brabantian dialect zone. In large Dutch towns such as Breda and Eindhoven , where there are many people of Hollandic descent speaking standard Dutch , Brabantian dialects .... Tilburg and s Hertogenbosch , however, have a large number of people speaking the Brabantian dialect ... moving back from the suburbs toward the old city centre. Differences The Brabantian dialect is rather close to standard Dutch language Dutch . Citation needed date May 2009 Brabantian uses a weak ... alright in South Brabantian tussentaal Houd U goed , where colloquial Dutch Hollandic uses Doei Bye , also Ale, salu kes e in South Brabantian, fashioned after the French language French Allez and Salut ... in the 1540s were based on the Brabantian dialect, specifically that of Antwerp and its surroundings ... on the County of Holland and the importance of Brabantian dwindled. More recent attempts to establish ... 350px thumb left Position of Brabantian beige among the other minority languages, regional languages ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The Donge is a river in the Netherlands Dutch province of Noord Brabant . It rises near the village Dongen and flows north to the city of Geertruidenberg where it s continued by the Amer together with the Bergse Maas . Use of the river Because the Donge gets wider around the city of Geertruidenberg , it was mainly used for industrial purposes in that area. Until 1952 the powerplant Dongecentrale, which provided all of Noord Brabant with electricity was located at the river. When it was discontinued, the Amercentrale located at the river Amer took over its tasks, some of the ships with coals still use the Donge. Until 2005, 4 ship manufacturers were also located at the river. The only big industry left at the banks of the river are in the north east side, around Geertruidenberg. In previous centuries, more upstream, the Donge was heavily used in the leather industry. Because of its relatively fast current, it was used to clean skins, and rinse chemicals from the processed product. Therefore, during the 20th century the Donge was one of the most polluted rivers in the Netherlands. Miscellanea Two sub dialects of the Brabantian dialect arose due to the existence of the river. Because the people on either side of the river didn t have much contact in earlier days, West Brabantian is mainly spoken on the west side of the river, as East Brabantian is spoken, naturally, on the east side of the river. Coord 51 40 39 N 4 54 35 E display title region NL Rhine Meuse Scheldt delta DEFAULTSORT Donge River Category Rivers of the Netherlands Category North Brabant nl Donge no Donge nn Donge ... more details
Image Languages Benelux.PNG left 200px thumb Position of South Guelderish as defined by Jo Daan colour liverish among the other minority languages, regional languages and dialects in the Benelux Image Kleverlands Oostbergisch.png thumb right 200px South Guelderish Kleverlands and Ost Bergisch as spoken in Germany and The Netherlands South Guelderish Dutch Zuid Gelders , German Kleverl ndisch refers to a group of dialects of the Dutch language which are spoken along the Nederrijn in the Netherlands and around the city of Cleves in Germany . They are sometimes included within Brabantic , a more widely spoken dialect of Dutch to which South Gelderish is most closely related. The status of the dialect differs greatly between the Netherlands and Germany. In the Netherlands, South Guelderish dialects are subject to the standardized form of Dutch. Since it is a Dutch dialect, it is already very similar to the standard language, so it has been relatively uninfluenced. In Germany, however, beginning in 1713, when Prussia took control of the area the dialect is subject to the German standard language, to which it is only distantly related this has left marks on the dialect, mainly in vocabulary. Furthermore, large scale industrialization of the Cleves Duisburg area in Germany and resulting immigration during the late 19th and 20th century has greatly reduced its use today, leaving very few native speakers. For example, in Duisburg though traditionally within the South Guelderish area it has virtually died out. As noted before, South Guelderish is sometimes included within Brabantian. This because there exists no tight isogloss bundle between the Brabantian and South Guelderish dialects, but the change occurs in two individual steps the alt oud isogloss between Groesbeek and Nijmegen and the ies ijs isogloss west of Nijmegen. A dialect of South Guelderish origin spoken in the United States is Pella Dutch . See also Meuse Rhenish Category Dutch language Category Dutch dialects ... more details
yellow 1 Brabantian incl. South Guelderish , East Bergish legend lightgreen 2 Limburgish language Limburgish ... Rivierenlands Liemers Nijmeegs Brabantian Northwest Brabantian Central north Brabantian East Brabantian Kempen Brabantian South Brabantian North Limburgian Limburgish West Limburgish Central Limburgish ... more details
Eversel is a small village in Heusden that is part of the municipality of Heusden Zolder , Belgium . It is located in the northwestern corner of the municipality. Eversel is also a Roman Catholic Church Roman Catholic parish established in 1839. The local Roman Catholic church is dedicated to Saint James the Greater Sint Jacobus de Meerdere and was inaugurated on 5 September 1849. The nearby parish house is named Sint Baaf after Saint Bavo . Historically Eversel is a part of Houweiken that was part of the fiefdom of Vogelzang . Although a part of Heusden, the dialect of Eversel tends to be closer to that of Beringen . It is a part of the Western Limburgish dialects, although linguists are not clear if the dialects in this region and especially the ones around Beringen are rather Brabantian than Limburgish language Limburgish . ref Gebiedsindeling van de zuidelijk Nederlandse dialecten Dutch http fuzzy.arts.kuleuven.be rewo gebiedsindeling.htm ref External links http www.digilife.be springplank Elementary school Springplank http www.kwb eversel.be KWB http www.scoutseversel.be scouts group http www.jhbascule.be JH Bascule http www.eversel.be village council Notes div class references small references div LimburgBE geo stub coord 51 01 30 N 5 14 17 E region BE type city display title Category Villages in Belgium nl Eversel ... more details
and to a lesser extent on Brabantian , which is the most dominant Dutch dialect of the Southern ... 2005 , 156 ref At the same time Brabantian, traditionally the most spoken Dutch dialect in Belgium ... Brabantian and slager Hollandic , both meaning butcher and schoon Brabantian vs. mooi Hollandic ... Voorburg 2005 , 196. ref Dutch dialects in Belgium Main West Flemish East Flemish Limburgish Brabantian There are four principal Dutch dialects in Flanders Brabantian , Limburgish , East Flemish ... Flemish and West Flemish . Despite the name, Brabantian is the dominant contributor to the tussentaal ... more details
The Duchy of Brabant is an historical duchy established in 1183 84 that covered parts of Netherlands and Belgium, its name being consistent with the House of Brabant . Brabant may also refer to In European geography Pagus of Brabant , a pagus or Carolingian shire , the territory of a count within the Frankish Empire, much of which became part of the counties of Flanders and Hainaut Landgraviate of Brabant , the part of the pagus between the rivers Dender and Dijle East Brabant , or Hageland, an area East of Brussels between the 4 cities of Leuven, Aarschot, Diest and Tienen Flemish Brabant , a province of Belgium, in the region of Flanders Klein Brabant , the municipalities Bornem, Puurs and Sint Amands in the Antwerp province of Flanders North Brabant , a province of the Netherlands Province of Brabant , Belgium, which in 1995 was split up into Flemish Brabant and Walloon Brabant Walloon Brabant , a province of Belgium, in the region of Wallonia In other geography Brabant, West Virginia , USA Brabant, Saskatchewan , Canada Brabant Island , Antarctica Le Morne Brabant , Mountain on Mauritius In other Brabantian , a dialect of the Dutch language Belgian horse , some of which are referred to as Brabant, if originating from West Brabant disambig Category Brabant an Brabant br Brabant ca Brabant cs Brabant cy Brabant de Brabant el es Brabante fr Brabant hr Brabant lt Brabantas li Braobantj hu Brabant egy rtelm s t lap nl Brabant nds nl Braobant ja no Brabant ro Brabant ru wa Braibant ... more details
Joscelin of Leuven Louvain ref http fmg.ac Projects MedLands ENGLISH 20NOBILITY 20MEDIEVAL1.htm JoscelinLouvaindied1180B His genealogy by Medieval Lands ref 1121 1180 was a Brabantian nobleman who married an English heiress, Agnes de Percy , and settled in England. He took the name Percy. Joscelin ref Josceline de Louvain, Joscelyn de Louvain, Joscelin de Louvaine, Jocelyn Percy, Jocelyn of Leuven, Gosuinus. ref was given lands at Petworth , by William d Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel ref http fmg.ac Projects MedLands ENGLISH 20NOBILITY 20MEDIEVAL1.htm WilliamArundeldied1176B William d Aubigny genealogy on Medieval Lands ref . William d Aubigny had married Adeliza of Louvain ref http fmg.ac Projects MedLands BRABANT, 20LOUVAIN.htm AdelisaLouvaindied1151 Adeliza genealogy on Medieval Lands ref , Joscelin s half sister, and widow of Henry I of England ref http www.kellscraft.com CastlesEnglandandWales CastlesEnglandandWalesCh03.html Castles of England and Wales Chapter 3 Bot generated title ref . Family He was a son of Godfrey I of Leuven and of a mistress of his father. Joscelin and Agnes had at least seven children ref http fmg.ac Projects MedLands ENGLISH 20NOBILITY 20MEDIEVAL1.htm Medieval Lands ref Henry de Percy Richard de Percy died 1244 , who was a Magna Carta surety Joscelin Radulph, went to France Eleanor Maud born c. 1164, date of death unknown , married John de Daiville ref http homepages.rootsweb.com cousin html p485.htm i29674 My Lines Person Page 485 Bot generated title ref Lucy The Percy estate was divided between William, son of Henry, and his brother Richard. Notes and references references Category Flemish people Category 1121 births Category 1180 deaths ... more details
Infobox settlement official name Sevenum native name Zaerem image flag Flag of Sevenum.png flag size 120x100px image shield Coat of arms of Sevenum.gif shield size 120x100px image map mapsize 250px latd 51 latm 25 lats latNS N longd 6 longm 02 longs longEW E coordinates region NL subdivision type Country subdivision name Netherlands subdivision type1 Province subdivision name1 Limburg Netherlands Limburg subdivision type1 Municipality subdivision name1 Horst aan de Maas area footnotes area total km2 area land km2 area water km2 population as of population note settlement type City population total population density km2 timezone Central European Time CET utc offset 1 timezone DST Central European Summer Time CEST utc offset DST 2 Sevenum Pronunciation 158 Sevenum.ogg lang li Zaerem is a town in the province Limburg Netherlands Limburg in the southeastern Netherlands . Until 2010, it was also the name of the municipality comprising the towns of Sevenum, Kronenberg Netherlands Kronenberg and Evertsoord . Image Sevenum Markt.jpg thumb none The centre of Sevenum. audio SevenumBells.ogg Hear the church bells ringing. Location Sevenum s neighbour towns are clockwise, starting from East Venlo , Maasbree , Helden Panningen, Deurne, Netherlands Deurne , Horst aan de Maas Horst . Sevenum town and Kronenberg are tangented by highway International E road network E34 , provincial road N277 Middenpeelweg , and the railroad track Eindhoven Venlo Evertsoord lies on the edge of the Peel, Netherlands Peel , a former peat land. Dialect Image KLEVE1.png thumb right Kleverlandish Sevenum s dialect, Zaerems , is transitional between Limburgish , North Limburgish see Low Rhenish , and Brabantian . Different groupings of dialects exist in the diagram Kleverlandish on this page, Sevenum is situated near the bottom left corner of the blue area, which is the intersection of the horizontal ich ik isogloss the Uerdingen line with the vertical kalt koud isogloss. The overview of town names in Li ... more details
unreferenced date September 2008 File John IV, Duke of Brabant.jpg thumb Image Burgundy Brabant Arms.svg 125px right thumb Coat of Arms of the Dukes of Brabant of the Burgundy family. John IV, Duke of Brabant Arras , 11 June 1403 &ndash 17 April 1427, Brussels was the son of Antoine, Duke of Brabant Antoine of Burgundy , Duke of Brabant Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg . John IV was the second Brabantian ruler of the House of Valois . He succeeded his father in 1415, after his death at the Battle of Agincourt . In 1418, he married Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut , who saw in him a protector against the claims of her uncle John, Duke of Bavaria Straubing John III . However, the marriage proved unhappy. Jacqueline fled John in 1420, and the Estates of Brabant declared his brother Philip I, Duke of Brabant Philip of St. Pol the ruwaard regent . However, he returned and regained the regency in 1421, and his expansion of city privileges the Nieuw Regiment in 1422 undermined the support of Jacqueline. and he now joined the party of the Cods to make war upon his quondam wife. This second resurgence of the Hook and Cod wars pitted Jacqueline, her third husband Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester , and the party of the Hooks, against the Cods, represented by a coalition of John IV, his cousin Philip the Good , and John III of Hainaut. The death of John III in 1425 allowed John IV to make good his claims to Jacqueline s territories she being then a prisoner in Burgundian hands in Ghent , but the real power and the title of ruwaard went to Duke Philip. At his death, he was succeeded by his brother Philip. In 1425, he founded the Old University of Louvain University of Leuven . start box succession box before Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut Jacqueline title Count of Hainaut , Count of Holland Holland and Count of Zeeland Zeeland years 1418&ndash 1427 after Philip the Good succession box before Antoine, Duke of Brabant Antoon title Duke of Brabant , Duke of Lothier Lothier , and Du ... more details
Frans Anneessens Brussels , 1660 Brussels, 19 September 1719 was a leader of a Brussels guild. He was decapitated on the Grand Place in Brussels, because of his involvement with uprisings within the Austrian Netherlands . The end of the War of the Spanish Succession saw the Spanish Netherlands be awarded to Austria. In 1716 the Austrians raised new taxes on the Flemish and Brabantian cities to fund the Dutch occupational forces installed by the Barrier Treaty and questioned their old medieval privileges. In 1717 these issues caused riots in Ghent , Antwerp , Mechelen and Brussels. The Italian Hercule Louis Turinetti, marquis of Pri Marquess de Pri , deputy for the absent governor general, Prince Eugene of Savoy , suppressed the riots with brute force. To suppress further rioting and restore order de Pri ordered the arrest of those he saw to be the ringleaders. Frans Anneessens was seen as the most important of these ringleaders and was lured to a business conference with an Austrian colonel to discuss victuals for his regiment. There Anneessens was arrested. Anneessens and four other leaders were kept in confinement for six months. During this period they were denied contact with their family and denied catholic services. On 12 September 1719 Anneessens was condemned to death, the four other guild leaders to perpetual banishment. On 19 September 1719 Anneessens was to be executed. As the Austrians feared troubles they had forced the priests to remove the rope of the church bells and all major streets and squares were occupied by Austrian soldiery. At 8 o clock Frans Anneessens was brought from prison, and placed on a cart while bound by his hands and feet. After the reading of the sentence, Anneessens refused to sign it, claiming to be innocent in the eyes of God. He was then brought to the scaffold on the Grand Place where his whig was removed. When Anneesens tried to address the crowd, his words were drowned by drum roffles. The executioner then decapitated the ... more details
Image Europe germanic languages 2.PNG 240px thumb right The Germanic languages in Europe legend 9cff00 Dutch Low Franconian, West Germanic legend 38ff00 Low German West Germanic legend 00d200 Central German High German, West Germanic legend 008000 Upper German High German, West Germanic legend ff8811 Anglic Anglo Frisian, West Germanic legend ffbb77 Frisian Anglo Frisian, West Germanic legend 0000ff East Scandinavian legend 00ffff West Scandinavian legend ff0000 Line dividing the North and West Germanic languages. This is a list of the languages spoken on the shores of the North Sea. All are Germanic languages Germanic . North Germanic languages Main article North Germanic languages Danish language Jutlandish Norwegian language Anglo Frisian languages Main article Anglo Frisian languages English language English English Estuary English Highland English Norfolk dialect Scottish English Yorkshire dialect and accent Frisian languages North Frisian language West Frisian language Scots language Doric dialect Scotland Doric Northern Scots Orcadian dialect Shetlandic High German languages Main Article High German languages Standard German Yiddish Low Franconian languages Main article Low Franconian languages Dutch language Brabantian Hollandic Zeelandic West Flemish Low German Low German Extinct languages Image North sea languages 900.png right thumb 200px This is the approximate extent of Old Norse and related languages in the early 10th century around the North Sea. The red area is the distribution of the dialect Old West Norse Old West Norse Old West Norse the orange area is the spread of the dialect Old Norse Old East Norse Old East Norse . The pink area is Old Gutnish and the green area is the extent of the other Germanic languages with which Old Norse still retained some mutual intelligibility The following languages are either extinct, or no longer used on the North Sea coast Old Norse North Germanic Norn language Pictish language Celtic Scottish Gaelic language Cel ... more details
the freedoms of cities and civilians. By August 1356, the Brabantian document was a dead letter in practice ..., and representatives of the Brabantian towns all met at Maastricht to satisfy the Luxembourg ... more details
Rhine Westphalia Germany . Brabantian Brabants is a dialect spoken in Antwerp province Antwerp , Flemish ... French Flemish in the far North of France, East Flemish Oost Vlaams , Brabantian Brabants , which ... and dialects in the Benelux The Brabantian dialect group, for instance, also extends to much of the south ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 File Antonin.jpg 180px right thumb Antoine de Brabant Anthony, Duke of Brabant , also known as Antoine de Brabant , Antoine de Bourgogne and Anthony of Burgundy August 1384 &ndash 25 October 1415, in the battle of Agincourt , was Duke of Brabant Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg . Anthony was the son of Philip II, Duke of Burgundy and Margaret III of Flanders , and brother of John the Fearless . He was the first Brabantian ruler of the House of Valois . The Duke of Brabant arrived late to the Battle of Agincourt , and in his eagerness to reach the field, he dressed in improvised armour and wore a surcoat made from a trumpeter s flag. He fought valiantly but was captured. He was executed along with the rest of the prisoners ordered by Henry V of England , the English being unaware of his high status and ransom value. The execution was carried out as the much smaller English force found itself stretched to its limits, guarding prisoners with the battle still not won. A counterattack on the King s baggage train guarded only by women and children is thought to have driven Henry V of England King Henry to the decision, thinking he was being attacked from the rear and some chroniclers have given Brabant s belated charge as this very cause, adding to the Duke s chivalric but tragic final story see Agincourt , J. Barker 2005 . Subsequently the executions stopped immediately the attack was seen to falter. He married at Arras on 21 February 1402 Jeanne de St. Pol d. 1406 , daughter of Waleran III of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny and Saint Pol sur Ternoise Saint Pol . They had two children John IV, Duke of Brabant 1403&ndash 1427 Philip I, Duke of Brabant Philip of St. Pol 1404&ndash 1430 , Duke of Brabant He married again at Brussels , on 16 July 1409, Elisabeth of G rlitz , duchess of Luxembourg November 1390 &ndash 8 August 1451 , daughter of John, Duke of G rlitz . They had two children William 2 June 1410 &ndash 10 July 1410, Brussels unkno ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 File Rheinischer faecher.png thumb 300px Rhinelandic dialect continuum br Low Franconian languages Low Franconian Dutch language Dutch legend yellow 1 Brabantian incl. South Guelderish , East Bergish legend lightgreen 2 Limburgish language Limburgish incl. Low Bergish West Central German Central Franconian dialects Central and Rhine Franconian dialects Rhine Franconian legend lightblue 3 Ripuarian language Ripuarian incl. South Bergish legend blue 4 , 5 Moselle Franconian dialects Moselle Franconian incl. Luxembourgish language Luxembourgish legend violet 6 Rhine Franconian dialects Rhine Franconian Rhinelandic is a term occasionally used for linguistic varieties of a region on both sides of the Middle Rhine Middle and Lower Rhine river in Central West Germany , Belgium , the Netherlands , and Luxembourg . It has at least two distinct meanings which often can only be determined from the fine grain context in which the therm is used. This could be complicated at times since in German publications, local language s of villages or cities are commonly referred to as the dialects or dialect , whereas the regiolect s, which are dialects of Standard German in a linguistic sense, are hardly called so, but referred to using terms like Rhinelandic , Hessian or Bavarian , etc., that also name large compounds of related local languages One of the meanings of Rhinelandic is that of a group of local languages in an area called the Rhineland . Another meaning is that of the regiolect being used by the people approximately of the same area. Rhinelandic Local Languages Rhinelandic is used for a collection of local languages and their varieties in Germany , Belgium , the Netherlands , and Luxembourg , including some varieties of the Limburgish language group of which Low Bergish is a subgroup , South Guelderish or Cleverlands of which East Bergish is a subgroup , Moselle Franconian , and Ripuarian language Ripuarian which includes South Bergish as a su ... more details
File R gions naturelles de Belgique.jpg thumb 350px The natural regions of Belgium. br legend DA70D6 Hesbaye Image Haspengouw.jpg thumb right Small village in Hesbaye Belgium Hesbaye French language French or Haspengouw Dutch language Dutch Latinized as Hesbania in medieval documents , is a region spanning the south of the Belgian Limburg Belgium province of Limburg , the east of the Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant and Walloon Brabant , and the northwestern part of the province of Li ge . The Limburgish portion contains the cities of Tongeren , Sint Truiden , Bilzen and Borgloon , while the Brabantian portion includes Tienen , Landen and Zoutleeuw . From the seventh century it was an important fief in the northwestern marches of the Merovingian kingdom of Austrasia . It lay in that region where the western foreland of the Eifel meets the south western fringe of silva carbonaria , a woodland frequently mentioned in Frankish historiography. ref http www.badenhausen.net harz svava MerovingSvava.htm Badenhausen . ref The Merovingian county was consolidated from the old Marches mark Haspinga of which the final ga element survives in the gouw of the modern Limburgish name Gau plural Gaue was an old Frankish term for a political division, equivalent in its etymology to the French pays . History Hesbania confusingly spelled Hispania in old documents was perhaps set apart for Lambert of Maastricht Lambertus born 640 , son of Guerin, count of Poitiers ca. 612 in Austrasia, &ndash 677 87 . It was mentioned in Treaty of Meerssen the division of territories between Charles the Bald and Louis the German in 870. In 1040, the Emperor Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III gave the fief to the prince bishop Nithard of Li ge who integrated it with the Prince Bishopric of Li ge . Known counts of Hesbaye are Ingerman of Hesbaye Ingerman and his brother Robert, grandfather of Robert the Strong , who founded the dynasty of the dukes of Duchy of Brabant Brabant and the kings of Fran ... more details
are Brabantian , West Flemish , East Flemish , and Limburgish language Limburgish . All these are spoken ... s as are words used primarily in Belgian French . The original Brabantian dialect of Brussels ... . The main Dutch dialects in Belgium are Brabantian , Limburgish , East Flemish , and West Flemish . Standard Dutch, as spoken in Belgium, is mostly influenced by Brabantian. There are literary traditions ... more details
unreferenced date February 2010 Infobox Nobility name Godfrey III title Duke of Lower Lorraine br Landgrave of Brabant br Count of Leuven Br Count of Brussels image Godfrei3.jpg spouse Marguerite of Limbourg br Imagina of Looz issue Henry I, Duke of Brabant br Saint Albert of Louvain Albert, Prince Bishop of Li ge br William br Godfrey titles The Duke of Lower Lorraine br The Landgrave of Brabant BR The Count of Leuven and Brussels noble family House of Reginar father Godfrey II, Count of Leuven mother Luitgarde of Sulzbach date of birth place of birth date of death 21 August 1190 place of death Godfrey III 1142 died August 21 1190 was count of Leuven or Louvain , Duke of Brabant landgrave of Brabant , margrave of Antwerp , and duke of Lower Lorraine as Godfrey VIII from 1142 to his death. He was the son of Godfrey II of Leuven Godfrey II and Lutgarde of Sulzbach. He was still an infant at his succession therefore called dux in cunis of which a few Brabantian vassals sought to take advantage to get independent from the duke Wars of Grimbergen , 1141 1159 . On 30 March 1147 , Godfrey was present at the coronation of Henry Berengar , son of Conrad III of Germany , in Aachen . When Conrad left on Crusade, war began anew in 1148. Peace was elusive until the election of Conrad s successor, Frederick Barbarossa . By marriage to Margaret, daughter of Henry II of Limburg , Godfrey united two powerful and antagonistic houses in the region. Their son was Henry I, Duke of Brabant In 1159 Godfrey ended the war with the Berthout, lords of Grimbergen , by burning their impressive Motte and bailey motte at Grimbergen . In 1171, Godfrey was at war with County of Hainaut Hainaut , but was defeated. In 1179, he gave his son Henry I, Duke of Brabant Henry in marriage to a niece of Philip of Alsace , Count of Flanders . Between 1182 and 1184 Godfrey went on a Jerusalem campaign. In the interim, Barbarossa granted Henry I, Duke of Brabant Henry the title Duke of Brabant . Godfrey died i ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 File Louis II of Flanders Lodewijk van Male 1330 1384 .jpg thumb 250px Louis of Male Louis II of Flanders 25 October 1330, Male, Belgium Male &ndash 30 January 1384, Lille , also Louis III of Artois and Louis I of Palatine Burgundy , known as Louis of Male , was the son of Louis I of Flanders and Margaret I, Countess of Burgundy Margaret I of Burgundy , and Count of Flanders . On his father s death at the Battle of Cr cy in 1346, he inherited the counties of County of Flanders Flanders , County of Nevers Nevers , and Rethel . The Guilds, depending on the English wool trade, forced Louis to recognize Edward III of England as his overlord and arrange an engagement to the daughter of the English king, Isabella de Coucy Isabella . Louis managed to avoid this by fleeing to France in 1347. On the death of his father in law in 1355, he took the title of Duke of Brabant , but was unable to wrest the duchy from his sister in law Joanna, Duchess of Brabant in the War of the Brabantian Succession . Louis managed to defeat the Brabantians in the battle of Scheut near Anderlecht 17 August 1356 and capture the cities of Mechelen , Brussels , Antwerp and Leuven , but he was unable to acquire the duchy. By the Peace of Ath 1357 he gained the lordship of Mechelen and the city of Antwerp. Louis tried to govern as a Realpolitik Realpolitiker . With regards to his internal policy, his main aim was to prevent the formation of a broad coalition against him, as happened against his father. Except for his last years, he was successful in preventing this. However, even in his latter years he managed to get the support of Bruges against the revolt of Ghent . His foreign policy was one of neutrality in the Hundred Year s War , which kept him in favor with both France and England. The latter years of his rule however were marked by civil strife. In 1379, he obtained aid from his son in law, Philip II of Burgundy , to put down a revolt in Ghent. The ... more details
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