. ref name Stankowich Evolution The bovid family is known through fossil s from the early Miocene ..., and by the late Miocene, the number of bovid species had greatly expanded. This late Miocene ... and North America . Some scientists Who date October 2010 has suggested that many bovid species ... bovid species goats , sheep , Domestic buffalo water buffalo and yak originated in Asia ... human arrival. Taxonomy The bovid family is commonly subdivided into eight subfamilies. Recently ... ru simple Bovid sl Votlorogi sh upljoro ci fi Onttosarviset sv Slidhornsdjur tl Bovidae ... more details
Image Zubron2.jpg thumbnail 300px right ubro are hybrids of domestic cattle and wisent s. A bovid hybrid is a Hybrid biology hybrid of two different members of the bovid family. Bison Domestic cattle hybrids The American bison and European bison wisent have been hybridized with Domestic Cattle . With wisent , this was originally done in an attempt to reinvigorate the declining wisent population. First generation hybrid males are sterile, but females may be crossed back to either a wisent or domestic bull to produce fertile males. Modern wisent herds keep hybrids well isolated from pure wisent. However, since the modern purebred wisent are descended from less than 2 dozen individuals, this has resulted in a significant genetic bottleneck for the purebred wisent . European bison Wisent have also been crossed with domestic cattle to produce the zubron . These were first bred in Poland in 1847 as hardy, disease resistant alternatives to domestic cattle. Breeding was discontinued in the 1980s. The few remaining zubron can be found at Bialowieski National Park . American bison bulls American buffalo have been crossed with domestic cattle to produce beefalo and cattalo . These are variable in type and colour, depending on the breed of cattle used e.g. Hereford cattle Hereford s and Charolais cattle Charolais beef cattle , Holstein cattle Holsteins dairy or Brahman cattle Brahman humped cattle . Generally, they are horned with heavy set forequarters, sloping backs and lighter hindquarters. Beefalo have been back crossed to bison and to domestic cattle some of these resemble pied bison with smooth coats and a maned hump. The aim is to produce high protein, low fat and low cholesterol beef on animals which have less hump and more rump . Although bison bull domestic cow crossings are more usual, domestic bull bison cow crossings have a lower infant mortality rate cow immune systems ... Commons Wisent References references Mammal hybrids DEFAULTSORT Bovid Hybrid Category Bovid hybrids ... more details
The water buffalo Bubalus bubalis is a domesticated bovid widely kept in Asia, Europe and South America. Water buffalo can also refer to Wild water buffalo Bubalus arnee , the wild ancestor of the domestic water buffalo Various other smaller species in the genus Bubalus Water buffalo zodiac , a Vietnamese zodiac sign corresponding to the Chinese ox Water buffalo incident , a racial controversy at the University of Pennsylvania in 1993 Landing Vehicle Tracked Variants LVT 2 Water Buffalo , a US Second World War military vehicle disambig ... more details
orphan date April 2010 italic title Taxobox name African muskox regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid ae subfamilia Goat antelope Caprinae genus extinction Makapania genus authority Makapania is an extinct genus of caprid from the Pliocene and Pleistocene . Sources The Book of Life An Illustrated History of the Evolution of Life on Earth, Second Edition by Stephen Jay Gould Category Prehistoric bovids Category Pleistocene mammals Category Pleistocene extinctions Category Pliocene mammals Category Caprids paleo mammal stub ... more details
Taxobox name Chiltan Ibex status CR trend unknown status system iucn2.3 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid Bovidae subfamilia Goat antelope Caprinae genus Capra genus Capra species Capra aegagrus C. aegagrus subspecies C. a. chialtanensis trinomial Capra aegagrus chialtanensis trinomial authority Lydekker, 1913 The Chiltan Ibex or Chiltan Goat Capra aegagrus chialtanensis is a critically endangered wild goat , Endemism endemic to Pakistan . eventoedungulate stub Pakistan stub Category Mammals of Pakistan Category Capra Category Goats pnb ur ... more details
Taxobox name Turkmen Wild Goat status VU status system iucn2.3 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid Bovidae subfamilia Goat antelope Caprinae genus Capra genus Capra species Capra aegagrus C. aegagrus subspecies C. a. turcmenica trinomial Capra aegagrus turcmenica trinomial authority Zalkin, 1950 The Turkmen Wild Goat or Bearded Goat Capra aegagrus turcmenica is a vulnerable wild goat native to Iran and Turkmenistan . eventoedungulate stub Category Capra Category goats Category Fauna of Iran Goat, Turkmen Wild az Capra aegagrus turcmenica ... more details
, distinct species of wild bovid Brandt et al., 2001 Timm & Brandt, 2001 . If so, this animal ..., R. M., 2001. Debate on the authenticity of Pseudonovibos spiralis as a new species of wild bovid ... of the horns of the female kouprey a new unknown bovid species from Cambodia. Mammalia ... relationships of the newly described enigmatic Vietnamese bovid, Pseudonovibos spiralis . Naturwissenschaften ... from the 12S rRNA gene sequence of the linh duong bovid Pseudonovibos spiralis . Naturwissenschaften 89, 107 110. Hassanin, A., Douzery, E., 2000. Is the newly described bovid, Pseudonovibos spiralis ... Pseudonovibos spiralis is not a new bovid. Comptes Rendus de l Acad mie des Sciences S rie III Sciences .... Mitochondrial 12S rDNA sequence relationships suggest that the enigmatic bovid linh duong Pseudonovibos ... bovid species from Vietnam Mammalia Ruminantia . Faun. Abh. Mus. Tierkd. Dresden 19, 247 253. Peter, W.P., Feiler, A., 1994b. A new bovid species from Vietnam and Cambodia Mammalia Ruminantia ... new Indochinese bovid, Pseudonovibos spiralis an extraordinary forgery. Comptes Rendus de ... more details
Orphan date October 2008 Taxobox name Leptobos fossil range Pleistocene image Leptobos.jpg image width 250px image caption Leptobos etruscus lower jaw and silhouette regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Bovidae subfamilia Bovinae genus Leptobos genus authority R timeyer , 1878 species L. falconeri L. stenometopon L. syrticus Leptobos is a genus of large Pleistocene bovid found in Europe and Asia . External links http www.helsinki.fi mhaaramo metazoa deuterostoma chordata synapsida eutheria artiodactyla bovioidea boselaphini.html http paleodb.org cgi bin bridge.pl Category Prehistoric bovids Category Pleistocene mammals paleo eventoedungulate stub fr Leptobos ... more details
Taxobox image image width image caption regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid ae subfamilia Goat antelope Caprinae genus Pseudois genus authority subdivision ranks Species subdivision See text. range map range map caption Pseudois is a genus in the subfamily Caprinae comprising two species, the Bharal Pseudois nayaur and the Dwarf Blue Sheep Pseudois schaeferi . ref Schaller, G.B. 1998. Wildlife of the Tibetan Steppe. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. ref Both species in the genus are variously known as blue sheep , the Bharal s alternate name being the Himalayan blue sheep. References reflist Category Sheep Category Mammals of Asia ... more details
Taxobox name Megalotragus status Fossil fossil range Pliocene late Pleistocene image image width 220px image caption regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Bovidae subfamilia Alcelaphinae tribus Alcelaphini genus Megalotragus genus authority van Hoepen, 1932 subdivision ranks Species subdivision M. kattwinkeli small Type zoology type small M. priscus small Broom , 1909 small M. issaci Megalotragus is a genus of very large extinct African alcelaphines from the Pliocene and Pleistocene . It resembled modern hartebeest s, but differed in larger body size, it includes the largest bovid s in the tribe Alcelaphini, reaching a shoulder height of 1,4 m. Megalotragus disappeared at the end of the Pleistocene. Alan Turner & Mauricio Anton Evolving Eden. An Illustrated Guide to the Evolution of the African Large Mammal Fauna . Columbia University Press, New York, 2004. ISBN 0 231 11944 5 Category Alcelaphinae Category Prehistoric bovids Category Pliocene mammals Category Pleistocene mammals Category Pleistocene extinctions Category Megafauna of Africa Category Prehistoric mammals of Africa paleo eventoedungulate stub es Megalotragus fr Megalotragus ... more details
Taxobox name Eotragus fossil range Early Miocene image Eotragus sansaniensis.JPG image width 250px image caption Eotragus sansaniensis regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Bovidae subfamilia Bovinae tribus Boselaphini genus Eotragus genus authority Pilgrim , 1939 species E. sansaniensis E. cristatus E. halamagaiensis E. noyei E. artenensis Eotragus is an early bovid from Europe , Africa , and Asia during the Miocene some 20 18 million years ago. It is related to the modern Nilgai and Four horned Antelope . It was small and probably lived in woodland environments. External links http www.helsinki.fi mhaaramo metazoa deuterostoma chordata synapsida eutheria artiodactyla bovioidea boselaphini.html Bovidae Bovinae Boselaphini http paleodb.org cgi bin bridge.pl The Paleobiology Database Category Prehistoric bovids Category Miocene mammals Category Transitional fossils paleo eventoedungulate stub ca Eotragus fr Eotragus it Eotragus ... more details
The American is a breed of cattle native to the United States and known for its heritage as an American Bison hybrid. It was developed in the 1950s by a New Mexico rancher looking for beef cattle which could survive on poor fodder in the arid Southwest. Today the American is one of only a few pure breeds with any known Bison genetics, with the more well known breed being the Beefalo . ref name storey cite book title Storey s Illustrated Breed Guide to Sheep, Goats, Cattle and Pigs last Ekarius first Carol year 2008 publisher Storey Publishing isbn 978 1 60342 036 5 ref Art Jones, the original breeder, began by crossing Hereford cattle Hereford , Shorthorn and Charolais cattle Charolais , and later added extensive crosses with Brahman cattle and Bison. ref cite web url http www.ansi.okstate.edu breeds cattle american index.htm title American Breed publisher Oklahoma State University Dept. of Animal Science ref Today all individuals of this rare breed display the genetic marker for Bison ancestry. ref name storey American cattle are varying in appearance, though nearly all display the floppy Brahman ears, slight humps, and many have horns. See also Bovid hybrid Hybridmaster , another breed with some bison genetics References references Category Cattle breeds originating in the United States Category Cattle breeds cattle stub ... more details
taxobox name Nilgiri sheep status image Nilgiri sheep s grazing in ooty lake side.jpg image width 250px image caption Nilgiri sheep s grazing in ooty lake side regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid ae subfamilia goat antelope Caprinae genus Ovis Nilgiri sheep is a breed of sheep found only in Nilgiris district of Tamilnadu State in India . It is bred in the hilly parts of Nilgiri and known for its fine wool . ref http www.thehindubusinessline.com 2002 07 06 stories 2002070601901700.htm ref A national plan has been implemented to save the Nilgiri sheep from certain extinction is on way by National Bureau of Animal Genetic Conservation. wool quality and production ref AICRP, SB, Sandynallah. 1978 Progress Report, All India Coordinated Research Project on Sheep Breeding Fine Wool , Sheep Breeding Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Sandynallah Nilgiris , Tamil Nadu ref average six months weight of total wool in kilograms 0.615 0.028 average single strand diameter 27.34 0.077 wool density cm sup 2 sup 2 199 57 References reflist Sheep stub Category Sheep breeds Category Animal breeds originating in India Category Fauna of Tamil Nadu ... more details
Taxobox regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Fly Diptera zoosectio Schizophora zoosubsectio Calyptratae superfamilia Hippoboscoidea familia Hippoboscidae subfamilia Lipopteninae genus Melophagus genus authority Pierre Andr Latreille Latreille , 1802 type species Melophagus ovinus Hippobosca ovina type species authority Carolus Linnaeus Linnaeus , Systema Naturae 1758 subdivision ranks Species subdivision 3. See text synonyms Melophagus is a genus of biting fly flies in the Family biology family of louse flies, Hippoboscidae . There are 3 known species and one subspecies . ref name Dick06 Cite journal author Dick, C. W. year 2006 title Checklist of World Hippoboscidae Diptera Hippoboscoidea . journal place Chicago publisher Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History volume issue pages 1 7pp issn ref All are parasite of Bovid Bovines . ref name Maa69 Cite journal author Maa,T. C. year 1969 title A Revised Checklist and Concise Host Index of Hippoboscidae Diptera journal Pacific Insects Monograph place Honolulu publisher Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii volume 20 issue pages 261 299pp issn ref All are wingless. Distribution They are native to Europe , Asia and North Africa . Melophagus ovinus M. ovinus ovinus has been introduced to most parts of the world where domestic sheep are kept. Hosts All are parasites of Bovid cloven hoofed mammals Family Bovidae. Including domestic sheep , domestic cattle , the Mongolian gazelle Procapra gutturosa , Chamois Rupicapra rupicapra , Alpine Ibex Capra ibex , The Yak Bos grunniens , plus doubtful records on Argali Ovis ammon , Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis and Dall Sheep Ovis dalli . ref name Maa69 Systematics Genus Melophagus small Pierre Andr Latreille Latreille , 1802 small Melophagus antilopes M. antilopes small Pallas, 1777 small Melophagus ovinus M. ovinus ovinus small Carolus Linnaeus Linnaeus , Systema Naturae 1758 small Melophagus ovinus himalayae M. ovinus himalayae small Maa, 1969 small M ... more details
is any bovid that is not a cow, sheep, buffalo, bison, or goat. It is not known how many individuals ... Bovid at http www.molgen.gla.ac.uk BrainBox http www.unep wcmc.org index.html?http www.unep wcmc.org ... nature journal v363 n6428 abs 363443a0.html A new species of living bovid from Vietnam June ... more details
, the Tragulidae tragulid Dorcatherium , the deer like Lagomeryx , the bovid like Amphimoschus , and the first true bovid of Europe, Eotragus , first occur during MN 4. The last occurrence of the primitive ... more details
Taxobox name Black faced Impala status VU status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref IUCN2008 assessors IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group year 2008 title Aepyceros melampus ssp. melampus id 549 downloaded 5 February 2009 ref image Aepyceros melampus petersi 2.jpg image width 210px image caption A Black faced Impala in Etosha National Park , Namibia regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid ae subfamilia Aepycerotinae genus Aepyceros species Aepyceros melampus A. melampus subspecies A. m. petersi trinomial Aepyceros melampus petersi trinomial authority Bocage, 1879 The Black faced Impala Aepyceros melampus petersi is a subspecies of the impala native to Angola and Namibia . It is not hard to tell it apart from common impala, being significantly larger with a black facial marking. It is also found in separate locations. While the species as whole is never endangered, this subspecies had come close to extinction. In 1968 1971 310 individuals were transferred to Etosha National Park for better protection, and its number is steadily increasing. However, the current population is still less than 1,000 and interbreeding with the common impala from nearby farms is damaging to the gene pool. ref name ARKive Eline Deirdre Lorenzen, Institute of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2007 http www.arkive.org impala aepyceros melampus info.html ARKive ref References references eventoedungulate stub af Swartneusrooibok sr Aepyceros melampus petersi ... more details
Taxobox name Yakalo image image width 250px image caption status DOM regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Bovidae genus div col Bos Bison species Yak Bos grunniens American bison Bison bison binomial none The yakalo is a cross of the yak Bos grunniens and the American bison Bison bison , known as buffalo in North America . It was produced by hybrid biology hybrid isation experiments in the 1920s, when crosses were made between yak bulls and both pure bison cows and Beefalo bison cattle hybrid cows . ref Deakin, A, Muir, G W, Smith, A G 1935 . Hybridization of domestic cattle, bison and yak. Report of Wainwright experiment . Publication 479, Technical Bulletin 2 , Dominion of Canada, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa cited in http www.ivis.org advances Zhao zhang3 IVIS.pdf Interspecies Hybridization between Yak, Bos taurus and Bos indicus and Reproduction of the Hybrids 14 Dec 2000. R.C. Zhang. In Recent Advances in Yak Reproduction , Zhao X.X. and Zhang R.C. Eds. . International Veterinary Information Service. ref As with many other inter specific crosses, only female hybrids were found to be fertile Haldane s rule . Few of the hybrids survived, and the experiments were discontinued in 1928. ref Deakin, A, Muir, G W, Smith, A G 1935 . Hybridization of domestic cattle, bison and yak. Report of Wainwright experiment . Publication 479, Technical Bulletin 2 , Dominion of Canada, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa cited in http www.tistr.or.th RAP publication 2003 AD347E00.pdf Weiner, Gerald 2003 , The Yak, Second Edition , FAO RAP Publication, pp 18, 338 ref Footnotes Reflist See also Beefalo Dzo Mammal hybrids Category Bovid hybrids even toed ungulate stub es Yakalo eu Jakalo it Yakalo pl Yakalo ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Cainotherium status fossil fossil range Fossil range Late Oligocene Early Miocene image Cainotherium 1.JPG image width 200px image caption Fossil with incomplete skull regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla subordo Tylopoda familia Cainotheriidae genus extinction Cainotherium species C. commune binomial Cainotherium commune binomial authority Bravard, 1828 Cainotherium commune is an extinction extinct rabbit sized herbivore that lived in Europe during the Oligocene . It is believed that the 30 cm 1 ft long Cainotherium was an even toed ungulate , usually placed in the suborder Tylopoda , along with modern camelid s. It had cloven hooves, similar to those of bovid s or deer , although the shape and length of its limbs suggests that it moved by leaping, like a rabbit. The shape of the teeth also suggests a rabbit like diet, while the size of the auditory bulla and shape of the brain suggest that it would have had good senses of hearing and smell. It might have had rabbit like ears. It had no known close relatives ref name MamEv cite book author Savage, RJG, & Long, MR year 1986 title Mammal Evolution an illustrated guide publisher Facts on File location New York isbn 0 8160 1194 X page 214 ref ref cite book editor Palmer, D. year 1999 title The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals publisher Marshall Editions location London isbn 1 84028 152 9 page 270 ref . File Cainotherium.jpg thumb left Cainotherium laticurvatum skull at the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin References reflist portal Paleontology Category Prehistoric even toed ungulates Category Oligocene mammals Category Miocene mammals paleo eventoedungulate stub ca Cenoteri es Cainotherium commune pt Cainotheriidae zh ... more details
Taxobox name Murrah Water Buffalo image Murrah buffalo.JPG image caption Murrah buffaloes in the Philippine Carabao Center PCC at its Central Mindanao University CMU facility in Maramag, Bukidnon . regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid ae subfamilia Bovinae tribus Bovini genus Bubalus species B. bubalis binomial Bubalus bubalis binomial authority Linnaeus , 1758 The Murrah breed of Water buffalo Bubalus bubalis is a breed of domestic water buffalo kept for dairy production. It is originally from Punjab India Punjab and Haryana states of India and Punjab Pakistan Punjab province of Pakistan , but has been used to improve the milk production of dairy buffalo in other countries, such as Italy , Bulgaria and Egypt . In Italy , it is the basis of Mozzarella cheese production, and therefore Italian Pizza . By Italian law, Mozzarella may only be made from Domestic buffalo Importance to humans buffalo milk , which is preferred for its very high butterfat content, up to 16 compared with 4 for European Bos taurus dairy breeds such as Jersey cattle and 8 for Zebu Bos indicus breeds such as Sahiwal cattle Sahiwal . Appearance Jet black in colour, sometimes with white markings on face or legs. Bulls weigh 550 kg and cows 450 kg ref cite web url http www.ansi.okstate.edu breeds other buffalo murrah index.htm title Murrah work ansi.okstate.edu ref . In Brazil this breed of buffalo is very used for production of meat and also milk. They are docile and productive animals. References reflist Category Water buffalo breeds Category Haryana Category Animal breeds originating in India Category Animal breeds originating in Pakistan cattle stub ... more details
Taxobox name Bezoar Ibex status VU status system iucn2.3 image Bezoarziege.jpg image width 250px image caption Wild Goat , Capra aegagrus aegagrus regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid ae subfamilia Goat antelope Caprinae genus Capra genus Capra species Capra aegagrus C. aegagrus subspecies C. a. aegagrus trinomial Capra aegagrus aegagrus trinomial authority Erxleben, 1777 The Bezoar Ibex Capra aegagrus aegagrus is a vulnerable wild goat , native to Afghanistan , Armenia , Azerbaijan , Georgia country Georgia , Iran , Russia and Turkey . It has been Local extinction extirpated from Lebanon . The Bezoar goat is found in the mountains of Asia Minor and across the Middle East. It is also found on some Aegean Islands and in Crete where it is accepted that the goats constitute relict populations of very early domestic animals that were taken to the Mediterranean islands during the prehistoric period and now live as feral populations. The Bezoar goat, if not the sole progenitor of the modern domestic goat, was at least its main progenitor. ref A Natural History Of Domesticated Mammals By Juliet Clutton Brock, Natural History Museum London, England Edition 2, illustrated, revised Published by Cambridge University Press, 1999 ISBN 0 521 63495 4, 978 0 521 63495 3 ref References reflist Category Capra Category Goats Category Fauna of Iran Ibex, Bezoar Category Mammals of Armenia Category Mammals of Azerbaijan eventoedungulate stub ca Capra aegagrus aegagrus es Capra aegagrus aegagrus uk ... more details
The Vallesian age is a period of geologic time 11.6 9.0 Mya unit Ma within the Miocene used more specifically with European Land Mammal Ages . It precedes the Turolian age and follows the Astaracian age. The Turolian overlaps the Tortonian and Messinian ages. ref http paleodb.org cgi bin bridge.pl?action displayInterval&interval no 291 Paleo Database Vallesian ref The Vallesian was a crucial period for the evolution of the European terrestrial fauna. During the Middle Miocene, the highly diversified mammalian fauna of the European forests were replaced by the faunas of the Late Miocene, adapted to a dry climate and to an open terrain. The beginning of the period is marked by the appearance and dispersal of the early horse Hipparion throughout Eurasia. The so called Vallesian Crisis resulted in the extinction of several mammalian taxa characteristic of the Middle Miocene. The end of the Vallesian, and the beginning of the Turolian, brought the extinction in the west of faunas dominated by the bovid s and Giraffidae giraffids characteristic of the so called sub Paratethys Paratethyan or Greek Iranian province. ref cite web last Casanovas i Vilar first Isaac title The rodent assemblages from the Late Aragonian and the Vallesian Middle to Late Miocene of the Vall s Pened s Basin Catalonia, Spain publisher University of Barcelona year 2007 page 189 url http www.tdr.cesca.es TESIS UAB AVAILABLE TDX 1205107 162007 icv1de1.pdf ref References reflist geochronology stub Neogene Footer Category Pliocene de Vallesium fr Vall sien ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Italictitle taxobox name Oioceros fossil range late Miocene image Oioceros rothii.jpg image width 250px image caption Oioceros rothii regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo even toed ungulate Artiodactyla familia Bovid ae subfamilia goat antelope Caprinae genus Oioceros genus authority Claude Gaillard Gaillard , 1902 type species O. rothii subdivision ranks Species subdivision O. rothii br O. atropatenes br O. jiulongkouensis br O. noverca br O. robustus br O. stenocephalus br O. lishanensis br O. wegneri br O. tanyceras Oioceros is an extinct genus of sheep from the late Miocene . Its fossils have been found in Greece , ref name O. rothii cite web url http cat.inist.fr ?aModele afficheN&cpsidt 15341180 title Oioceros rothii Wagner, 1857 from the late Miocene of Pikermi, Greece publisher University of Athens, Department of Historical Geology and Palaeontology, Panepistimiopolis date 1997 accessdate 2008 07 15 ref China , ref name Nau.edu cite web url http 209.85.141.104 search?q cache cZYrYokRVYgJ www.nau.edu qsp will downs 98.pdf Oioceros&hl en&ct clnk&cd 6&gl ca&lr lang en title The Phylogenetic Status of Oioceros from the Early to Middle Miocene of China publisher Guanfang Chen Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica date 1988 07 accessdate 2008 07 15 ref , Iran , and Africa . It was first discovered by Wagner in 1857, and contains nine species, O. rothii , O. atropatenes , O. jiulongkouensis , O. noverca , O. robustus , O. stenocephalus , O. lishanensis , O. wegneri , and O. tanyceras . Former species include O. grangeri Pilgrim, 1934 , now recognized as the genus Sinomegoceros , and O. xiejiaensis Li and Qui 1980 , now recognized as the genus Sinopalaeoceros . ref name Nau.edu Oioceros was somewhat resemblant of a gazelle , and represents the world s oldest known bovid . ref cite web url http google.com search?q cache KcUpHuaICWkJ www.nau.edu qsp will downs 04.pdf Oioceros&h ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Shrub ox fossil range early to late Pleistocene image Euceratherium BW.jpg image width 250px image caption Restoration regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Bovidae subfamilia Caprinae genus extinction Euceratherium genus authority Furlong & Sinclair, 1904 species E. collinum binomial Euceratherium collinum binomial authority Richard Owen Owen , 1838 The shrub ox Euceratherium collinum Preptoceras , Aftonius is an extinct genus and species of Bovidae native to North America . It is a close relative of the musk ox . File Preptoceras sinclairi.jpg thumb left Mounted skeleton File Euceratherium.jpg thumb left Restoration from 1913 by Robert Bruce Horsfall Euceratherium was one of the first bovidae bovid s to enter North America. It appeared on this continent during the early Pleistocene, long before the first bison arrived from Eurasia. It went extinct about 11,500 years ago. Late Pleistocene shrub ox remains are known from fossil finds spanning from northern California to central Mexico. In the East they were distributed at least into Illinois . Euceratherium was massively built and in size between a modern American bison and a musk ox . On the basis of preserved dung pellets, it has been established that they were browsers with a diet of trees and shrubs. ref cite journal last Kropf first M. authorlink coauthors Mead, J. I. Anderson, R. S. title Dung, diet, and the paleoenvironment of the extinct shrub ox Euceratherium collinum on the Colorado Plateau, USA journal Quaternary Research volume 67 issue 1 pages 143 151 publisher Elsevier location date January 2007 url doi 10.1016 j.yqres.2006.10.002 id accessdate 2008 08 19 ref They seem to have preferred hilly landscapes. References reflist P. S. Martin Quaternary Extinctions . The University of Arizona Press, 1984 ISBN 0 8165 1100 4 Grundz ge der Faunen und Verbreitungsgeschichte der S ugetiere , E. Thenius, 2.Auflage, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 19 ... more details
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