info official name Bosra other name native name for cities whose native name is not in English ... City of Bosra Image File Bosra pano Syria.jpg 230px Ancient Roman amphitheatre. State Party Syria ... 1980 Session 4th Link http whc.unesco.org en list 22 Bosra lang ar transl ar Bu r , also known ... was first mentioned in the documents of Tutmose III and Akhenaton 14th century BC . Bosra was the first ... Palma , a general of Trajan , in 106 . Image Bosra Citadel.jpg A view of the citadel the theater is located inside . thumb left Under the Roman Empire , Bosra was renamed Nova Trajana Bostra , and was the residence ... under Khalid ibn Walid in the Battle of Bosra 634 . Thereafter it was an Islamic possession. Bosra ..., Bosra is a major archaeological site, containing ruins from Ancient Rome Roman , Byzantine Empire ... music festival hosted in the Roman theatre of Bosra main theater . Main sights Of the city .... The second century Roman theatre of Bosra Roman theater , constructed probably under Trajan ..., on Islamic style as well. Al Omari Mosque Bosra Al Omari Mosque of Bosra is one of the oldest surviving ... Bridge , both Roman bridges . Image Bosra Ruins.jpg Roman ruins north of the citadel. thumb 240px Image Bosra NabateanArch.jpg Nabatean Arch. 240px thumb Notable people from Bosra Titus of Bostra ... reflist External links http www.newadvent.org cathen 02707a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia on Bosra http www.bosracity.com Official website of Bosra city http www.WHTour.org 22 Bosra World Heritage site in panographies 360 degree interactive imaging http www.pbase.com dosseman syria bosra Extensive photo site about Bosra coord 32 31 N 36 29 E region SY type city display title World Heritage Sites in Syria Daraa Governorate commons category Bosra Category Bosra Category Nabataea Category Roman legions ... ar be ca Bosr de Bosra es Bosra fa fr Bosra hr Bosra it Bosra he ka lt Bosra hu Boszra ms Bushra nl Bosra ja pl Bosra pt Bosra ru sl Bosra sh Bosra fi Bosra ... more details
Refimprove date March 2008 Infobox Military Conflict conflict Battle of Bosra partof Byzantine Arab Wars and br Campaigns of Khalid ibn al Walid image File Syria bosra theater.jpg 300px br Roman theatre of Bosra caption date June July 634 place Bosra , Syria result Muslim victory combatant1 Rashidun ... For other battles in the area Battle of Basra disambiguation The Battle of Bosra was fought in 634 between the Rashidun Caliphate army and the Byzantine Empire for the possession of Bosra , in Syria . The city ... reached Syria and capturing town to town he finally reached the city of Bosra in June 634 A.C. According ... which lay north east of the river Yarmuk, was to remain at his position until Khalid arrived at Bosra ... deal was Bosra, a large town which was the capital of the Ghassanid Kingdom.It was garrisoned by a strong ... s command upon the latter s arrival. He decided to take Bosra quickly.He therefore sent Shurahbil with 4,000 men to capture Bosra. Shurahbil marched to Bosra, the garrison of which withdrew into the fortified ... day, as Khalid ibn al Walid set out on the last day of his march to Bosra, the garrison of the town ... the northwest. Khalid was about a mile from Bosra when the wind carried the sounds of battle to him ... one of this nation. ref Al Waqidi page no 23 ref The Muslims now laid siege to Bosra. The Byzantine ... surrendered the fort peacefully. The only condition Khalid bin Walid imposed on Bosra was the payment ... Another version of the battle of Bosra records the conversion to Islam one of the commanders ... to Bosra during pre battle melee. This conversion made night infiltration into the Bosra fortification ... in thousands and the survivors laid down arms. The citizens of Bosra agreed to pay the jizya tax, and thereupon a peace pact was drawn up. Consequences of the conquest of Bosra were The conquest of Bosra in the second week of July 634 was the first important victory gained by the Muslims in Syria .... The conquest of Bosra opened, for the Muslims the gate for the conquest of Syria . Aftermath Khalid ... more details
Thoroughbred racehorse infobox horsename Bosra Sham image caption sire Woodman horse Woodman grandsire ... Cartier Racing Award European Champion Three Year Old Filly honours updated March 3, 2008 Bosra ... Telegraph date 2008 10 06 accessdate 2011 09 09 ref Background Bosra Sham is a chestnut mare with a prominent ... horse form title Bosra Sham pedigree publisher Racing Post date accessdate 2011 09 ... Bosra Sham profile publisher Famousracehorses.co.uk date 1993 02 28 accessdate 2011 08 28 ref The price ... Her name is derived from the ancient Syrian city of Bosra or Busra ash Sham. She was sent into training with Henry Cecil at Newmarket. Racing career 1995 two year old season Bosra Sham won both of her ... 09 09 ref 1996 three year old season In the winter and the early spring of 1996 Bosra Sham s form in training .... ref cite news url http www.independent.co.uk sport bosra moves towards pretty polly perch 1306402.html title Bosra moves towards Pretty Polly perch publisher The Independent date 1996 04 ... url http www.independent.co.uk sport confidence bruised in bosra 1306893.html title Confidence bruised in Bosra publisher The Independent date 1996 04 26 accessdate 2011 09 09 ref Bosra Sham in fact ... http www.independent.co.uk sport bosra strikes back for cecil 1345877.html title Bosra strikes back ... had left the Bosra Sham s feet bruised and sore and that she had endured a horrible time ... recurred soon afterwards and Bosra Sham was unable to race for almost five months. Returning in the Queen ... to immortality publisher The Independent date 1996 09 29 accessdate 2011 09 09 ref Bosra Sham was sent ... II Stakes publisher Racing Post date accessdate 2011 09 09 ref Mark of Esteem s defeat of Bosra ... races on the day. ref name independent2 Bosra Sham s final race of the year was the Champion Stakes ... the finish, but Bosra Sham surged past him a furlong out and pulled away to win by two and a half lengths ... ref name independent3 cite news url http www.independent.co.uk sport bosra will miss dubai world ... more details
Infobox religious building infobox width image image size caption building name Al Omari Mosque br location flagicon Syria Bosra , Syria geo religious affiliation Islam region Levant functional status Active website architect architecture type Mosque architecture style Umayyad year completed 721 construction cost capacity dome quantity dome height outer dome dia outer minaret quantity 1 minaret height materials The Al Omari Mosque lang ar is an early Islamic era mosque in the Roman city of Bosra , Syria . ref name ADL http www.archnet.org library sites one site.jsp?site id 7515 Al Omari Mosque Archnet Digital Library. ref The mosque is one of the oldest surviving mosques in Islamic history. It was founded by Caliph Umar , who led the Muslim conquest of Syria . The mosque was completed in 721 by the Caliph Yazid II and renovated and expanded in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries by the Ayyubid s who also fortified the Roman theatre and baths. ref name ADL Architecture The mosque s plan is arranged around an enclosed courtyard wrapped with a single arcade on the eastern and western sides and a double arcade on the southern side that leads to the prayer hall. The courtyard was originally used as a market and sleeping area for traveling caravans on the trade routes across Syria, especially on the annual Hajj pilgrimage roads to Mecca . The mosque has one of the earliest examples of an Umayyad square minaret, which was repeated in the other great Umayyad mosques in Umayyad Mosque Damascus and Great Mosque of Aleppo Aleppo . ref name ADL See also Bosra References reflist Mosques in Syria coord 32.52153 N 36.48275 E type landmark region SY name Al Omari Mosque of Bosra display title Category Mosques in Syria Category Arabic architecture Category Umayyad architecture Category Buildings and structures in Bosra Category 720s architecture de Al Omari Moschee Bosra ... more details
Infobox ancient site name Roman theatre of Bosra native name image Syria bosra theater.jpg imagealttext caption The Roman theatre of Bosra map type Syria map alt latitude 32.517 longitude 36.481 map size 200 location Bosra , Syria region coordinates type Roman theatre structure Roman theatre part of Bosra length width convert 102 m ft area height builder material built abandoned epochs cultures Roman Empire Roman dependency of occupants event excavations 1947 1970 archaeologists condition restored ownership Public public access Yes website notes The Roman theatre of Bosra lang ar is an ancient Roman theatre structure Roman theatre in Bosra , Syria . It was built in the second quarter of the 2nd century CE. It is the largest, ref name Mannheim Mannheim, 2001, p.146. ref most complete and best preserved theatre of all the Roman theatres in the Middle East , ref name Segal Segal, 1995, p.53 55. ref and was one of the largest theatres ever constructed in the Roman world. ref name Ring Ring, Salkin and La Boda, 1996, p.142 143. ref History The theatre was built early in the 2nd century AD after Bosra became the capital of the new Roman province of Arabia Petraea Arabia . The theatre was built outside the city walls since there was no suitable place for it inside. Nonetheless, it was integrated into the city s street network by a colonnade d street. In the Middle Ages a Muslim fortress was built around the theatre, which explains the excellent state of preservation of the theatre. However, the colonnaded street, along with other structures around ... venue for the Bosra Festival , a national music festival. ref name Mannheim References Commons category Ancient Roman theatre Bosra reflist Sources Cite book title Syria & Lebanon Handbook The Travel ..., 9789004101456 . DEFAULTSORT Roman Theatre Of Bosra Category Buildings and structures in Bosra ... Bosra ar fr Th tre antique de Bosra ... more details
Infobox military conflict conflict Battle of Bosra image caption partof the Crusade s date Summer 1147 place Bosra , Syria result Tactical draw, Damascene strategic victory combatant1 Kingdom of Jerusalem combatant2 Damascus br Mosul and Halab Aleppo commander1 Baldwin III of Jerusalem commander2 Mu in ad Din Unur br Nur ad Din Zangi strength1 Unknown strength2 Unknown casualties1 Light casualties2 Light Campaignbox Zengid Crusader War In the Battle of Bosra in 1147 , a Crusader force commanded by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem fought an inconclusive running battle with Turkish forces from Damascus led by Mu in ad Din Unur aided by Nur ad Din Zangi Nur ad Din s contingent from Mosul and Halab Aleppo . Since the Frankish army s attempted acquisition of Bozrah Bosra was thwarted, the campaign ended in a strategic victory for Damascus. Background In 1147, Altuntash, the emir of Bosra and Salkhad squabbled with his nominal superior, Mu in ad Din Unur, ruler of Damascus. Offended, Altuntash allied himself with the Crusaders and agreed to hand over his two cities. King Baldwin III concentrated his army, crossed the Jordan River and moved toward Bosra, about 65 miles south southeast of Damascus and 50 miles east of the Jordan. Running battle Soon after the Crusader march began, the Damascene army showed up in great strength to contest their advance. Many Latin soldiers were eager for battle ... determined to continue the expedition to Bosra in a fighting march. The Latin army moved in the usual ... by thirst in the hot summer weather. When they arrived at Bosra, the Franks managed to obtain water ... of sterner stuff than her husband, had introduced a Damascene garrison into Bosra s citadel. Unwilling ... of Jerusalem . The running battle lasted twelve days. Aftermath Baldwin s bid to capture Bosra .... The Bosra fight is interesting on two levels. It shows how careful and cautious the Crusader leaders ... 4 Footnotes references coord missing Syria DEFAULTSORT Bosra, Battle Of Category Battles of the Crusades ... more details
Al Omari Mosque may refer to Great Mosque of Gaza , a mosque in Gaza city, Palestine Al Omari Mosque Bosra , a mosque in Bosra, Syria disambig de Al Omari Moschee ... more details
Summary Bosra, 2004. Taken by Nick Fraser. Licensing GFDL self with disclaimers migration relicense Copy to Wikimedia Commons bot Fbot Orphan image ... more details
File Roman theatre Bosra edited.jpg thumb Roman theatre view 1 Scaenae frons 2 Porticus post scaenam 3 Pulpitum 4 Proscenium Proscaenium 5 Orchestra 6 Cavea 7 Aditus maximus 8 Vomitorium , Roman theatre of Bosra , Syria The scaenae frons is the elaborately decorated background of a Roman theatre stage. This area usually has several entrances to the stage including a grand central entrance. The scaenae frons is two or sometime three stories in height and was central to the theatre s visual impact for this was what is seen by a Roman audience at all times. Tiers or balconies were supported by a generous number of classic columns. This style was influenced by Greek theatre . The Greek equivalent was the Scene building. It lends its name to proscenium , which describes the stage or space before the scene. Category Ancient Roman architectural elements theatre stub ... more details
Cham Palaces and Hotels lang ar is a five star Syria n based hotel chain. The chain has hotels in major Syrian cities and touristic spots, and has already expanded into neighboring Jordan . Hotels Syria Apamee Cham Palace Hama , Syria Badia Cham Hotel Deir ez Zor , Syria Bosra Cham Palace Bosra , Syria Cham Palace Damascus , Syria Ebla Cham Palace Damascus , Syria Fourat Cham Palace Deir ez Zor , Syria Cote d Azur de Cham Resort Latakia , Syria Cote d Azur de Cham Residence Latakia , Syria Safita Cham Palace Safita , Syria Cham Golf and Country Club Damascus , Syria Jordan Amman Cham Palace Amman , Jordan External links http www.chamhotels.com Cham Palaces and Hotels Website Category Hotel chains Syria hotel stub ... more details
Battle of Basra may refer to Battle of Basra 1914 Battle of Basra 2003 Battle of Basra 2008 See also Battle of Bassorah , in AD 656 Battle of Bosra , in AD 634 Operation Ramadan Iranian attack on Basra in 1982 part of the Iran Iraq War . Disambig Category Basra pl Bitwa pod Basr ru ... more details
Antipater of Bostra was a Greek people Greek prelate and one of the foremost critics of Origen . He lived in the 5th century. External links http www.newadvent.org cathen 01574b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia Article Catholic Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Bostra, Antipater Of ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Bostra, Antipater Of Category 5th century people Category Bosra RC bio stub pt Ant patro de Bostra tl Antipatro ng Bostra ... more details
One source date December 2007 Citations missing date December 2007 Image Jerash South Theatre Stage.jpg thumb right 240px The stage of the South theatre in Jerash , Jordan , the structure at the back is the skene . In classical drama, the skene was the background building to which was connected the platform stage, in which costumes were stored and to which the periaktoi painted panels serving as the background were connected. The evolution of the actor , who assumed an individual part and answered to the chorus the word for actor, hypokrites, means answerer , introduced into drama a new form, the alternation of acted scenes, or episode s. With this, there arose the need for a place where the soloist could retire between appearances and change costumes, as needed, and a place for the storing of various properties. The word skene means tent or hut, and it is thought that the original building for this purpose was constructed of perishable material, such as wood, and was a temporary structure. The skene broke the circularity of design in the Greek theater. In the course of time, the skene underwent extensive alterations. At first it was a simple wooden structure later it became a series of complex stone buildings permanent with such areas as the paraskenion, the proskenion, the hyposkenion, the episkenion with its thyromata, and the logeion. File Bosra Theater 053.jpg thumb left Skene at the Roman theatre of Bosra , Syria The skene also served as another hidden stage. At times some of the action went on inside it was up to the audience to decide what was happening based on the noises coming from the inside. The proskenion was the main playing area. It was the area directly in front of the skene pro in front of skene . The skene grew larger as the interest in setting and backgrounds grew. Over the course of millennia the skene itself enveloped the playing area and all that was left of the original skene was an arch surrounding the proskenion this is how modern theater i ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Rabel II Soter ar Rabil was the last ruler of the kingdom of the Nabataea , ruling from AD 70 to 106. After the death of his father, Malichus II , ar Rabil still a child, ascended to the throne. His mother, Shaqilath , assumed control of the government in the early years. His sister Gamilath became queen of the Nabateans . Ar Rabil gave himself the title Soter Savior of the People . After his death in 106, the Roman emperor Trajan faced practically no resistance and conquered the Nabataean kingdom on 22 March 106. It became the Roman province of Arabia Petraea , with Bosra becoming its provincial capital. Ar Rabil s formal successor was Malichus III . DEFAULTSORT Soter, Rabbel Ii Category Nabataea Category Roman client rulers Category 1st century monarchs in the Middle East Category 2nd century monarchs in the Middle East MEast hist stub de Rabel II. es Rabel II fr Rabbel II nl Rabel II pl Rabel II Soter sh Rabel II Soter tr Rabil II Soter ... more details
about the governor of Damascus the Jerusalemite chronicler Mujir al Din al Ulaymi Muj r ad D n Abd al Dawla Abu Sa d baq ibn Jam l ad D n Muhammad died 1169 was the governor of Damascus from 1140 to 1154. He was the eldest son of Jamal ad Din Muhammad . After the death of his father in 1140, Mujir ad Din succeeded his father as governor in 1140. As he was still a minor, Mu in ad Din Unur was named vizier . Zengi attacked Damascus, hoping to take advantage of Jamal ad Din s death, but Mu in ad Din effectively organized the defense of the city. When this regent died in July 1149, Mujir ad Din took his place as the rightful heir of Damascus. He was a weak ruler, however, and Damascus came under the influence of Nur ad Din Zangi , emir of Aleppo and Mosul , who had imposed his dominance over the city in the aftermath of the Second Crusade . In 1150 Nur ad Din recognized Mujir ad Din as ruler of Damascus, but in 1151 Mujir ad Din allied with the crusaders against Bosra , angering Nur ad Din. Later that year Mujir ad Din visited Aleppo and swore to remain loyal to Nur ad Din. In 1152 Mujir ad Din again besieged Bosra, until the governor of the city agreed to his demands and he returned to Damascus. In 1153 Mujir ad Din joined Nur ad Din in the capture of the crusader castle at Baniyas . In 1154 the two were in conflict again, and Nur ad Din finally occupied Damascus by force, exiling Mujir ad Din to Homs . Nur ad Din Zangi Nur ad Din was fully in control of the city and all of Syria . Mujir ad Din later left Homs for Baghdad. His honorific title Muj r ad D n means protector of the faith . Sources cite book first David last Nicolle title The Second Crusade 1148 publisher Osprey Publishing location Oxford year 2009 BR s start s reg s bef before Jamal ad Din Muhammad s ttl title List of rulers of Damascus Emir of Damascus years 1140 1154 regent1 Mu in ad Din Unur years1 1140&ndash 1149 s aft after Nur ad Din Zangi s end Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME ... more details
Primarysources date September 2010 Thoroughbred racehorse infobox horsename Woodman image caption sire Mr. Prospector grandsire Raise A Native dam Playmate damsire Buckpasser sex Stallion horse Stallion foaled 1983 country United States colour Chestnut coat Chestnut breeder Warner L. Jones, Jr. & Eward A. Cox, Jr. owner Robert Sangster trainer Vincent O Brien record 5 3 0 1 earnings US 32,011 Equivalent race Futurity Stakes Ireland Futurity Stakes 1985 br Anglesey Stakes 1985 awards Champion 2 year old colt in Ireland honours updated Woodman 1983 2007 was an United States American bred Thoroughbred horse racing racehorse who raced in Ireland but who is best known as a sire of a number of important racehorses. A descendant of the great sire Nearco through both his dam, Playmate, and his Leading sire in North America Champion sire, Mr. Prospector , Woodman was a Champion 2 year old colt in Ireland but was retired to stud animal stud duty after five races. Returned to the United States, he stood at Ashford Stud in Versailles, Kentucky . Among his offspring, Woodman sired Hansel horse Hansel winner of the 1991 Preakness Stakes Preakness and Belmont Stakes and American Champion Three Year Old Male Horse Timber Country the 1994 Breeders Cup Juvenile and Preakness Stakes winner Bosra Sham 1996 Cartier Racing Award European Champion 3 Year Old Filly whose Group One wins include the British Classic Races British Classic , the 1,000 Guineas Stakes 1,000 Guineas , and the Champion Stakes Hector Protector multiple stakes winner in France including three Group One s at age two in 1990 Prix Jean Luc Lagard re Grand Crit rium , Prix Morny , Prix de la Salamandre plus two more Group Ones at age three in 1991 Poule d Essai des Poulains , Prix Jacques Le Marois Woodcarver horse Woodcarver the 1999 Sovereign Award for Champion 3 Year Old Male Horse Canadian Champion 3 Year Old Colt and Queen s Plate winner Hawk Wing top two year old of 2001 in the United Kingdom and Ireland Woodman wa ... more details
Jund Dimashq lang ar big big , the military district of Damascus was the largest of several sub provinces of the Islamic Caliphate province of Bilad al Sham under the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties, organized soon after the Muslim conquest of Syria in the seventh century. Its capital and largest city, Damascus Dimashq , bore the district s name. It comprised the Ghouta plain area surrounding Damascus , the northeastern Jordan Valley Middle East Jordan Valley , including Balqa and Golan Heights Jaulan , the Hauran region, Edom , the Bekaa Valley and Mount Lebanon . ref name le Strange le Strange, 1890, http www.archive.org stream palestineundermo00lestuoft page 32 mode 1up p.32 and http www.archive.org stream palestineundermo00lestuoft page 39 mode 1up p.39 . ref Districts Administratively, Jund Dimashq was divided into six districts Ghutah, Hauran, Bathaniyya, Bekaa, Jaulan, and Hulah Valley Hulah . Ghutah occupied the plain surrounding Damascus and was known as the Garden Land , due to the numerous fields and gardens in its vicinity. Hauran s southern frontiers bordered Balqa and Amman and its was Bosra . Al Bathaniyya had the same southern frontier as Hauran and was named after a small village called al Batanh in its vicinity, from which Job Biblical figure Job is said to have been born. Its capital was Adra ah. Bekaa was a mountainous district in the Anti Lebanon Mountains and its capital was Baalbek , while principle villages included Zabadani , Kamid, and Arjamush. Jaulan in the west supplied Damascus with most of its provisions. The capital of the district was Banias . Hulah was a low lying plain rich in rice and cotton, located between Jaulan and Tyre, Lebanon Tyre . Meiron was the capital of the district. ref name le Strange Balqa was an outlying district, rich in wheat and Amman was its capital city. ref name le Strange Other principal towns and cities were Beirut , Sidon , Tyre, Lebanon Tyre , and Tripoli, Lebanon Tripoli along the coast and Jubail ... more details
peace with Aleppo, Mu in ad Din set out to besiege Sarkhad and Bosra , after their governor, Altuntash ... rs were Battle of Bosra 1147 forced to withdraw both Bosra and Sarkhad then surrendered to Mu ... more details
Al Mustarshid 1092 1135 was the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 1118 to 1135. Son of the preceding Caliph, he achieved more independence as a ruler while the Seljuq empire Seljuq sultan Mahmud II of Seljuq Mahmud II was engaged in war in the East. In 1123 an Arab Banu Mazyad general, Dubais, tried to take advantage of the momentary lack of power and, after plundering Bosra , attacked Baghdad together with a young brother of the sultan. He was however crushed by a Seljuq army under Zengi . In 1125 it was the time of al Mustarshid to rebel. He sent an army to take Wasit but was defeated near Baghdad and imprisoned in his palace 1126 . At the death of sultan Mahmud, a civil war broke out in the Seljuq western territories. Zengi was recalled to the East by certain rebel members, stimulated by the Caliph and Dubais. Zengi was beaten and fled. The Caliph pursued him to Mosul, and besieged him there but without success for three months. It was nonetheless a milestone in the revival of the military power of the caliphate. Zengi now resumed operations in Syria and in 1134 laid siege to Damascus, but was induced, partly by the bravery of the enemy, partly at the instance of the Caliph, to whom Zengi had made some concession in the public prayers, to relinquish the attempt. Recalled again by troubles in the East, he was unable to do much against the Crusaders till after al Mustarshid s death. Not long after the siege of Damascus, al Mustarshid launched a military campaign against sultan Mas ud of Seljuq Mas ud of western Seljuq, who had obtained the title in Baghdad in January 1133 by the caliph himself. The rival armies met near Hamadan the caliph, deserted by his troops, was taken prisoner, and pardoned on promising not to quit his palace any more. Left in the royal tent, however, in the Sultan s absence, he was found murdered, as is supposed, by an emissary of the Hashshashin s, who had no love for the Caliph. Modern historians have suspected that Mas ud instigated the murde ... more details
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