- Bororoan languages
Infobox language family name Bor roan region Brazil familycolor American fam1 Macro G languages Macro G map Bororoan languages.png mapcaption sil 416 16 The Bor roan languages of Brazil are Bororo language Bor ro and the extinct Umot na language Umot na and Otuke language Otuke . They form part of the Macro J proposal. Bororo Proper Bororo language Bor ro Umotina language Umotina Otuke language Otuke Greenberg linked the Chiquitano language Chiquitano language isolate of Bolivia , with 20,000 speakers, with the Bor ro family, but this was never substantiated, and Chiquitano is not generally part of the Macro Ge proposal that includes Bororo. DEFAULTSORT Bororoan Languages Category Bororoan languages Category Languages of Brazil Category Indigenous languages of South America Central Na lang stub Brazil stub es Lenguas bororo hr Bororo jezi na porodica mk ... more details
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- Amerind languages
G Bororoan languages Bororo Krenak language Botocudo Karaj language Caraja Chiquitano language Chiquito ... languages of the Americas belong to one of three language families , the previously established Eskimo Aleut languages Eskimo Aleut and Na Dene languages Na Dene , and with everything ... in the Americas , the relationships he proposed between these languages have been roundly rejected by the large ... broadly to the various indigenous languages of the Americas without necessarily implying that they are a genetic ... used for the latter meaning. Background The idea that all the languages of the Americas are related ... Humboldt noticed that the languages of the Americas seemed to be very different from the better known European languages, yet seemingly also quite similar to each other. When studies of American Indian languages began in earnest in the early 20th century linguists quickly realized that the indigenous languages were in fact not all that similar, but had a diversity much greater than among the languages of Europe. After a period of uncertainty about whether indigenous languages could be described and investigated by the methods applied to European languages the first linguists began the daunting task of trying to classify the languages of the Americas by using the Historical linguistics comparative ... the first to apply the comparative method to native American languages. However, contrary to current ... not. Sapir entertained the idea that ultimately all languages of the Americas might turn out to be provably ... can yield reliable proof of genetic relationships between languages. In elaborating his classification of the Amerind languages Greenberg relied heavily on Sapir s early work on the North American languages and the highly impressionist classification of South American languages by Paul Rivet . Amerind pronouns The main argument for the genetic unity of most native American languages is an observed pronominal pattern in many native American languages that have first person forms with n and second ... more details
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- American languages
For American languages see Indigenous languages of the Americas Languages of North America Languages of South America Languages of the United States disambig ... more details
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- Languages of the Congo
Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Languages of the Republic of the Congo disamb ... more details
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- Oceanian languages
Oceanian languages may refer to Oceanic languages Languages of Oceania disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
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- Bel languages
Infobox language family name Bel region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz child1 Astrolabe languages child2 Nuclear Bel languages sil 2324 16 The eight Bel languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea . Components Astrolabe languages Nuclear Bel languages DEFAULTSORT Bel Languages Category Western Oceanic languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Au lang stub ... more details
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- Awan languages
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox language family name Awan region Colombia and Ecuador familycolor American fam1 Barbacoan languages Barbacoan The Awan languages are Barbacoan languages that include the Awa Pit language and the Pasto languages spoken in Ecuador and Colombia . Pasto is extinct. DEFAULTSORT Awan Languages Category Awan languages Category Languages of Ecuador Category Barbacoan languages Category Endangered indigenous languages of the Americas Na lang stub es Lenguas ahuanas mk ... more details
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- Zunda languages
Infobox language family name Zunda region South Africa , Swaziland , Zimbabwe familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo languages Benue Congo fam4 Bantoid languages Bantoid fam5 Southern Bantoid languages Southern Bantoid fam6 Bantu languages Bantu fam7 Southern Bantu fam8 Nguni languages Nguni The Zunda languages are a group of related languages that, along with Tekela languages , are a subdivision of the Nguni languages Nguni branch belonging to the larger Bantu languages Bantu family . Zunda languages include Zulu language Zulu 10 million Xhosa language Xhosa 8 million Northern Ndebele language Northern Ndebele or Zimbabwean Ndebele 1.6 million Category Languages of South Africa Category Nguni languages Nguni languages Zunda languages nc lang stub sv Zundaspr k ... more details
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- Bomberai languages
The languages of the Bomberai Peninsula of Indonesian New Guinea fall into several groups West Bomberai languages Papuan, west and south Irarutu language Austronesian, most of the interior North Bomberai languages Austronesian, off the coast Northwest Bomberai languages minor Austronesian languages labeled Bomberai in Ethnologue dab ... more details
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- Languages of Oceania
Unreferenced date December 2009 Many languages are indigenous to Oceania they belong to several families. The Austronesian languages Austronesian family is the most common, found throughout many Pacific Islands, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea. Australia is home to many diverse families of Languages of Australia indigenous languages Pama Nyungan languages Gunwinyguan languages Macro Pama Nyungan languages Southwest Pama Nyungan languages Bunaban languages 2 languages in two branches Daly languages 11 19 languages in four branches, including Murrinh Patha language Murrinh Patha Limilngan languages 2 languages, extinct? Djeragan languages 3 5 languages in two branches Nyulnyulan languages 4 8 languages in one branch Wororan languages 7 12 languages in three branches Indo Pacific languages Andaman languages Languages of Papua New Guinea Tasmanian languages Also, the languages of European settlers and colonial powers are common in the region, such as English in Australia and New Zealand , Spanish language Spanish in Easter Island , and French in New Caledonia , etc. There are also creole language creoles formed from the interaction of the European and indigenous languages, such as Tok Pisin , Hawaiian Pidgin , Norfuk and Pitkern . See also List of extinct languages of Oceania Template group list Languages of Oceania Countries and languages lists DEFAULTSORT Languages Of Oceania Category Languages of Oceania Au lang stub bn ru ... more details
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- Korap languages
Infobox language family name Korap region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz fam7 ? sil 2313 16 The three Korap languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea Arop Lukep language Arop Lukep , Karnai language Karnai , Malasanga language Malasanga DEFAULTSORT Korap Languages Category Western Oceanic languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Au lang stub ... more details
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- Mengen languages
Infobox language family name Mengen region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz fam7 ? sil 2454 16 The three Mengen languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea . Components Lote language Lote Mamusi language Mamusi Mengen language Mengen DEFAULTSORT Mengen Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Western Oceanic languages Au lang stub ... more details
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- Kilombero languages
Infobox language family name Kilombero altname region Tanzania familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo languages Benue Congo fam4 Bantoid languages Bantoid fam5 Bantu languages Bantu Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Zone G Zone G.50 fam6 The Kilombero languages are a group of Bantu languages of Tanzania established in Nurse 1988 . The languages, along with their Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Guthrie identifications , are Pogolo language Pogolo G50 Mbunga language Mbunga P10 , Ndamba language Ndamba G50 Notes Reflist Category Kilombero languages nc lang stub ... more details
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- A priori (languages)
merge A posteriori languages date April 2011 This is the article about constructed languages. For other uses of the term a priori, see a priori . An a priori language is any constructed language whose vocabulary is not based on existing languages, unlike a posteriori languages a posteriori constructed languages. Examples of a priori languages include Ro language Ro , Solresol , Mirad , Klingon language Klingon , and Na vi language Na vi . By contrast, a posteriori languages are ones whose vocabulary is based on existing languages, either as a variation of one language e.g., Latino sine flexione or as a mixture of various languages. Some a priori languages are designed to be international auxiliary language s that remove what could be considered an unfair learning advantage for native speakers of a source language that would otherwise exist for a posteriori languages. Some a priori languages try to categorize their vocabulary, either to express an underlying philosophy or to make it easier to recognize new vocabulary. These are also known as philosophical language philosophical or taxonomic languages . References Alan Libert, A Priori Artificial Languages Languages of the World 24. Munich Lincom Europa, 2000 . ISBN 3895866679. Constructed languages Category Constructed languages A priori Languages conlang stub eo Apriora lingvo hu A priori nyelvek ja pl J zyki aprioryczne pt L ngua artificial a priori ru simple A priori languages ... more details
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- Malayan languages
Infobox language family name Malayan region BRN br CCK br IDN br MYS br SIN familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian MP fam3 Nuclear Malayo Polynesian languages Nuclear MP fam4 Malayo Sumbawan languages Malayo Sumbawan fam5 Malayic languages Malayic child1 Malay languages Malay child2 Para Malay languages Para Malay child3 Aboriginal Malay languages Aboriginal Malay The Malayan languages are a branch of the Malayic languages that spread from central Sumatra or possibly western Borneo. Malayic languages include Para Malay languages para Malay languages of central Sumatra such as Minangkabau language Minangkabau , Aboriginal Malay languages such as Temuan language Temuan , and the various Malay languages proper, such as Indonesian language Indonesian . Notes reflist See also Malay trade and creole languages DEFAULTSORT Malayan languages Category Agglutinative languages Category Malayic languages fr Langues mala ennes id Bahasa bahasa Malaya ... more details
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- Melanesian languages
Unreferenced date December 2009 The Melanesian languages are the indigenous languages of Melanesia . They include about 400 Austronesian languages parts of the Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian languages Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian family and numerous families of Papuan languages . DEFAULTSORT Melanesian Languages Category Languages lt Melanezie i kalbos pl J zyki melanezyjskie ru ... more details
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- Kowan languages
Infobox language family name Kowan familycolor Papuan region Madang Province fam1 Trans New Guinea fam2 Madang languages Madang fam3 Southern Adelbert Range Kowan The Kowan languages are a small family of languages spoken in the Adelbert Range area of Madang Province , Papua New Guinea . The languages are Waskia language Waskia , with 20,000 speakers, and Korak language Korak , with 500. DEFAULTSORT Kowan Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Kowan languages pa lang stub ... more details
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- Mahakam languages
Infobox language family name Mahakam altname Barito Mahakam region south Borneo , Madagascar familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Barito languages Barito The Mahakam or Barito Mahakam languages are a couple closely related Dayak languages Dayak Austronesian languages Austronesian languages of Borneo Ampanang language Ampanang , Tunjung language Tunjung Category Barito languages au lang stub fr Langues barito mahakam hr Mahakam jezici mk ... more details
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- Bekati? languages
Infobox language family name Bekati altname region Borneo ethnicity Bidayuh familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Indo Melanesian languages Indo Melanesian fam4 Bornean languages Bornean ? fam5 Land Dayak languages Land Dayak Bekati is a group of Bidayuh Dayak languages of Borneo Bekati language Bekati Bekatiq , Sara language Indonesia Sara , Lara language Lara Rara Category Land Dayak languages Category Languages of Indonesia au lang stub ... more details
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- Paranilotic languages
Unreferenced date August 2009 The Eastern Nilotic languages Eastern and Southern Nilotic languages were formerly widely believed to constitute a single Paranilotic or, earlier, Nilo Hamitic grouping they were believed to have arisen as a sort of mixed language combining Nilotic languages Nilotic modern Western Nilotic languages Western Nilotic and Hamitic in particular, modern Cushitic languages Cushitic elements. The theory was most strongly associated with the work of Carl Meinhof . However, ever since Joseph Greenberg s reclassification of African languages , they have been considered to be two out of the three independent branches of Nilotic languages Nilotic . DEFAULTSORT Paranilotic Languages Category Nilotic languages ns lang stub ... more details
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- Ponapeic languages
Infobox language family name Ponapeic region Micronesia familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Central Eastern Oceanic languages Central Eastern fam5 Micronesian languages Micronesian fam6 Micronesian Proper languages Micronesian Proper fam6 Micronesian Proper fam7 Nuclear Micronesian sil 1930 16 The Ponapeic languages are a dialect continuum of Micronesian languages , conventionally divided into three language s Mokilese language Mokilese , Pingelapese language Pingelapese and Pohnpeian language Pohnpeian . DEFAULTSORT Ponapeic Languages Category Micronesian languages Au lang stub mk ... more details
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- Penan languages
Note Not to be confused by Penan of the Rejang Sajau languages Infobox language family name Punan Nibong altname Penan region Sarawak , Borneo ethnicity Penan people familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 North Bornean languages North Bornean ? fam4 North Sarawakan languages North Sarawakan ? fam5 Kenyah languages Kenyah ? The Punan Nibong languages are a pair of languages spoken by the Penan people of Borneo. They may be closest to the Kenyah languages . They are Western Penan language Western Penan Nibong , Eastern Penan language Eastern Penan . Category Bornean languages Category Language family articles with only red links au lang stub ... more details
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- Watut languages
Infobox language family name Wantut region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz ? fam7 Huon Gulf languages Huon Gulf fam8 Markham languages Markham sil 2532 16 The three Wantut languages form a group of Austronesian languages in northern Papua New Guinea . They are Middle Watut language Middle Watut , North Watut language North Watut , South Watut language South Watut DEFAULTSORT Watut Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Western Oceanic languages Category Language family articles with only red links Au lang stub ... more details
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- Mabuso languages
Infobox language family name Mabuso region New Guinea familycolor Papuan fam1 Trans New Guinea languages Trans New Guinea fam2 Madang languages Madang fam3 Croisilles languages Croisilles linkage linguistics linkage fam4 Numugen Mabuso child1 Kare language Papuan Kare child2 Kokon languages Kokon child3 Gum languages Gum child4 Hanseman languages Hanseman The Mabuso languages are a small language family family of closely related languages in New Guinea. They were linked with the Rai Coast languages in 1951 by Arthur Capell in his Madang languages Madang family, which Wurm 1975 included in his Trans New Guinea TNG phylum. Malcolm Ross in his 2005 classification of TNG left the internal classification of Mabuso untouched, except for placing the Kare language in its own branch. Ethnologue 16 abandoned the family, placing its four branches directly under Croisilles. Languages Kare language Papuan Kare Kokon languages Kokon Gum languages Gum Hanseman languages Hanseman References Malcolm Ross Pronouns DEFAULTSORT Mabuso Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Madang languages pa lang stub PapuaNewGuinea stub ... more details
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- Munduruku languages
Infobox language family name Munduruk familycolor American region Brazil fam1 Tupian languages Tupian The Munduruk languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian languages Tupian language family. They are Munduruku language Munduruku and the extinct Kuru ya language Kuru ya . Category Tupian languages na lang stub ... more details
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