bitrate , data rate or as a variable R or f sub b sub is the number of bit s that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. The bitrate is http en.wiktionary.org wiki quantified quantified using the Data rate units bits per second bit s or bps unit, often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo ... or b s . Bit rates at various protocol layers Physical layer gross bitrate In digital communication ... Gross BitRate and Information Rate ref raw bitrate , ref name Pahlavan Kaveh Pahlavan, Prashant ... a communication link, including useful data as well as protocol overhead. The gross bitrate is related to, but should not be confused with, the symbol rate in baud , symbols s or pulses s. Gross bit ... Symbol rate Gross bitrate More specifically, a line code representing the data using pulse amplitude ... N bit symbol, or N bit pulse. This results in Gross bitrate Symbol rate N The exception from the above ..., where each bit is represented by two pulses signal states , resulting in Gross bitrate Symbol rate ... layer net bitrate The physical layer net bitrate , peak bitrate , useful bitrate , information ... modem standards. The relationship between the gross bitrate and net bitrate is affected by the FEC code rate according to the following. Net bitrate Gross bitrate code rate Some operational systems ... to the physical layer net bitrate in accordance with the above definition. For example, the net bitrate and thus the connection speed of a IEEE 802.11a wireless network is the net bitrate of between 6 and 54 Mbit s, while the gross bitrate is between 12 and 72 Mbit s inclusive of error correcting codes. The net bitrate of ISDN Basic Rate Interface 2 B channels 1 D channel of 64 64 16 144 kbit s also refers to the payload data rates, while the signalling rate is 160 kbit s. The net bitrate of the Ethernet ... second, due to the 4B5B four bit over five bit encoding. In this case, the gross bitrate is equal ... between gross bitrate and physical layer net bitrate. For example, the net as well as gross ... more details
Bitrate reduction may refer to Data compression Bitrate reduction , a synonym for data compression . BitRate Reduction , a name given to an Audio data compression audio compression format used by the SPC700 SPC 700 . disambig ... more details
See also Traffic contract Available BitRate .28ABR.29 Traffic contract ABR Network Layer Service Model Available BitRate ABR is a service used in Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM networks when source and destination don t need to be synchronized. ABR does not guarantee against delay or data loss . ABR mechanisms allow the network to allocate the available Bandwidth computing bandwidth fairly over the present ABR sources. ABR is one of five service categories defined by the ATM Forum for use in an ATM Network. The network switch es use locally available information to determine the explicit allowable rates or relative rate increase decrease for the source. The newly calculated rates are then being sent to the sources using Resource Management records RM cells . RM cells are generated by the source and travel along the data path to the destination and sent back. ABR sets a Minimum Cell Rate MCR and a Peak Cell Rate PCR . When transfers exceed the PCR, cells are dropped. Many implementers consider ABR to be overly complex, and its adoption has been modest. External links http www.cisco.com en US tech tk39 tk51 technologies tech note09186a00800fbc76.shtml Understanding the Available BitRate ABR Service Category for ATM VCs compu network stub Category Network protocols pl Available BitRate ... more details
The residual bit error rate RBER is a receive quality metric in digital transmission , one of several used to quantify the accuracy of the received data. ref cite book last Smith first David Russell title Digital transmission systems url http books.google.ca books?id 4IASeihofskC&pg PA48&dq 22residual bit error rate 22&hl en&ei ffb8TMbhG4uhnwfA1LjJCg&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 4&ved 0CDkQ6AEwAzgK v onepage&q 22residual 20bit 20error 20rate 22&f false year 2004 publisher Springer isbn 1402075871 pages 47 48 ref Overview In digital transmission schemes, including cellular telephony systems such as GSM , a certain percentage of received data will be detected as containing errors, and will be discarded. The likelihood that a particular bit will be detected as erroneous is the bit error rate . The RBER characterizes the likelihood that a given bit will be erroneous but will not be detected as such ref cite book last1 Crols first1 Jan last2 Steyaert first2 Michiel title CMOS wireless transceiver design url http books.google.ca books?id YFj97fOjSHkC&pg PA108&dq rber gsm&hl en&ei cPD8TI3YIoeTnwf2tvnICg&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 3&ved 0CDMQ6AEwAg v onepage&q rber 20gsm&f false year 1997 publisher Springer isbn 0792399609 ref Applications When digital communication systems are being designed, the maximum acceptable residual bit error rate can be used, along with other quality metrics, to calculate the minimum acceptable signal to noise ratio in the system. This in turn provides minimum requirements for the physical and electronic design of the transmitter and receiver. ref cite book last1 Crols first1 Jan last2 Steyaert first2 Michiel title CMOS wireless transceiver design url http books.google.ca books?id YFj97fOjSHkC&lpg PA108&dq rber 20gsm&pg PA109 v onepage&q rber 20gsm&f false year 1997 publisher Springer isbn 0792399609 page 109 ref References references Category Error detection and correction compu network stub measurement stub ... more details
video at multiple bitrate s. The player client switches between streaming the different encodings ... bitrate technology in order to provide consumers with higher quality video using less manpower and fewer ... bitrate streaming, adds great value to consumers. ref Marshall, Daniel. Show Report Video ... of it. Therefore, even though media companies have been actively using adaptive bitrate technology ..., mainstream consumers are relatively ignorant of its necessity. Benefits of adaptive bitrate streaming Consumers of streaming media experience the highest quality material when adaptive bitrate ... of adaptive bitrate streaming. As the video space grows exponentially, content delivery networks and video providers can provide customers with a superior viewing experience. Adaptive bitrate ... media is then similar to HTTP web caching CDN cost. Implementations Adaptive bitrate streaming ... for their adaptive bitrate streaming. ref http gigaom.com video move gets streaming patent ... adaptive bitrate streaming over the traditional Real Time Messaging Protocol RTMP protocol, as well ... 09 07 08 apple launches http live streaming standard in iphone 3 0.html ref HTTP adaptive bitrate ... Workshop, 218 226 , Venice, Italy, 2009. ref While all adaptive bitrate streaming solutions ... , MPEG and DECE organizations efforts to standardize adaptive bitrate HTTP streaming. Microsoft provides ... Octoshape Multi BitRate Octoshape supports automatic multi bitrate streaming using standard streaming .... Octoshape supports shifting to the appropriate bitrate of the particular consumer of the video ... video experience. Octoshape is also the first technology to deploy automatic multi bitrate technology ... Event Major ref Criticisms HTTP based adaptive bitrate technologies are significantly more ... adaptive bitrate logic competing with complex TCP flow control logic. ref Pete Mastin, Is adaptive bitrate the yellow brick road, or fool s gold for HD streaming? http www.fierceonlinevideo.com story ... more details
communication interference , distortion or bit synchronization errors. The bit error rate or bit error ratio BER is the number of bit errors divided by the total number of transferred bits during a studied time interval. BER is a unitless performance measure, often expressed as a percentage . The bit ... thumb right 280px Bit error rate curves for BPSK , QPSK , 8 PSK and 16 PSK, AWGN channel. Image ... E N o right . math Bit error rate test BERT or bit error rate test is a testing method for Digital ... for B8ZS. Bit error rate tester A bit error rate tester BERT , also known as a bit error ratio tester citation needed date November 2010 or bit error rate test solution BERTs is electronic test ... Rate References Reflist FS1037C MS188 DEFAULTSORT Bit Error Ratio Category Ratios Category Data ... Error Ratio fr Taux d erreur ko id Bit error rate it Bit Error Ratio he Bit error ratio ja ...In digital transmission , the number of bit errors is the number of received bit s of a data stream over ... estimate of the bit error probability. This estimate is accurate for a long time interval and a high number of bit errors. Example As an example, assume this transmitted bit sequence 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1, and the following received bit sequence 0 u 0 u 1 0 u 1 u 0 1 0 u 0 u 1, The number of bit errors the underlined bits is in this case 3. The BER is 3 incorrect bits divided by 10 transferred bits, resulting in a BER of 0.3 or 30 . Packet error rate The packet error rate PER or symbol or block error rate is the number of incorrectly transferred data packets etc. divided by the number of transferred packets. A packet is assumed to be incorrect if at least one bit is incorrect ... packet length of N bits can be expressed as math p p 1 1 p e N math , assuming that the bit errors are independent of each other. For small bit error probabilities, this is approximately math p p approx ... , distortion , bit synchronization problems, attenuation , wireless Multipath propagation multipath ... more details
about the compression scheme used on the SPC 700 other methods of bitrate reduction data compression BitRate Reduction , or BRR , also called BitRate Reduced , is a name given to an audio data compression audio compression method used on the SPC700 sound coprocessor used in the Super Nintendo Entertainment System SNES . The method is a form of ADPCM . BRR compresses each consecutive sequence of sixteen 16 bit pulse code modulation PCM samples into a block of 9 byte s. From most to least significant, the first byte of each block consists of four bits indicating the range of the block see below , two bits indicating the filter see below , and two bits of control information for the SPC700. The remaining eight bytes consist of 16 signed 4 bit nibbles which correspond to the 16 samples, packed in a endianness big endian manner. As 32 bytes of input become 9 bytes of output, the BRR algorithm yields a 3.56 1 compression ratio. Decompression algorithm A nibble n in a block with filter f and range r should be decoded into a PCM sample s sub t sub using the following second order linear prediction equation s sub t sub 2 sup r sup n k sub 1 sub s sub t 1 sub k sub 2 sub s sub t 2 sub Here, s sub t 1 sub and s sub t 2 sub are the last output and next to last output PCM samples, respectively. The filter type f is translated into infinite impulse response IIR prediction coefficients k using the following table class wikitable Filter f k sub 1 sub k sub 2 sub 0 0 0 1 15 16 0 2 61 32 15 16 3 115 64 13 16 Or in words Filter 0 linearly decodes the r bit downquantized version of the samples. Filter 1 adds an r bit downquantized version of the samples to a lowered previous input delta pack or differential coding . Filters 2 and 3 add an r bit downquantized version of the samples to the linear extrapolation from the last two samples 2 sup nd sup order differential coding . References http emureview.ztnet.com developerscorner SoundCPU spc.htm SPC 700 Documentation Category Digital audio ... more details
orphan date July 2010 High bitrate media transport HBRMT formerly known as High bitrate audio video over IP HBRAV IP , is a proposed standard for data encapsulation and forward error correction FEC of high bitrate contribution oriented video audio feed services, up to 3 Gbit s over Ethernet network s. HBRMT is being developed by the SMPTE 32NF networking technology committee. ref Citation url http www.videoservicesforum.org SMPTE 32NF Tech Com.shtml title SMPTE 32NF Networking Technology Committee accessdate 2010 10 10 ref HBRMT is designed to incorporate both Serial digital interface SDI uncompressed and JPEG 2000 compressed video and audio formats. ref TV Technology http www.tvtechnology.com article 90242 A Lossless Season ref See also Audio over Ethernet Audio over IP Voice over Internet Protocol References reflist External links http www.videoservicesforum.org HBRAV IP.shtml Video Services Forum HBRAV IP tv tech stub Category Film and video technology Category Audio network protocols it HBRAV IP ... more details
Cleanup date August 2010 DSL technologies High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line HDSL was the first DSL technology to use a higher frequency spectrum of copper, twisted pair cables. HDSL was developed in the USA , as a better technology for high speed, synchronous circuits typically used to interconnect local exchange carrier systems, and also to carry high speed corporate data links and voice channels, using Digital Signal 1 T1 lines. HDSL service types include HDSL1, HDSL2 and HDSL4 and are typically transmitted over twisted pair cables or over fiber optics using the RLH Universal UHDSL fiber ... Digital Subscriber Line Digital Subscriber Line Very high data rate Digital Subscriber Line External links http www.itu.int rec T REC G.991.1 en ITU T Recommendation G.991.1 High bitrate Digital Subscriber ... history of dsl.html History of DSL DEFAULTSORT High BitRate Digital Subscriber Line Category Digital Subscriber Line bs HDSL ca High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line de High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line es L nea de abonado digital de alta velocidad binaria fr High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line it HDSL he DSL DSL pl High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line pt HDSL ru HDSL sk High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line ... kbit s data rate over a single twisted pair cable. With two twisted pair cables, the full 1.544 Mbit ... at every 35 db of attenuation about 1 mile . HDSL can be used either at the T1 rate 1.544 Mbit s or the E carrier E1 rate 2 Mbit s . Slower speeds are obtained by using multiples of 64 kbit s channels ... slow speed data links to customers. In this case, the line rate is still the full T1 E1 rate, but the customer only gets the limited 64 multiple data rate over the local serial interface. Unlike later ..., called HDSL2 and Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line SDSL . HDSL2 offers the same data rate ... or quality. SDSL is a multi rate technology, offering speeds ranging from 192 kbit s to 2.3 Mbit s, using ... more details
codecs Category Audio codecs tech stub de Internet Low Bitrate Codec ja Internet Low BitRate Codec pl Internet Low BitRate Codec ru ILBC yo Internet Low BitRate Codec ... more details
About the unit of information Refimprove date August 2010 Fundamental info units A bit contraction of binary ... , a bit can also be defined as a variable computer science variable or computed quantity that can .... Indeed, the term bit is a contraction of binary digit . The two values can also be interpreted as Truth ... program program . In information theory , one bit is typically defined as the uncertainty of a binary ... , a quantum bit or qubit is a quantum mechanics quantum system that can exist in quantum superposition superposition of two bit values, true and false . The symbol for bit, as a unit of information, is either simply bit recommended by the ISO IEC 80000 ISO IEC standard 80000 13 2008 or lowercase ... bit of information. The encoding of text by bits was also used in Morse code 1844 and early digital ... , Information theory and coding . McGraw Hill. ref Claude E. Shannon first used the word bit in his ... bit . Interestingly, Vannevar Bush had written in 1936 of bits of information that could be stored ... Bits can be implemented in many forms. In most modern computing devices, a bit is usually ... devices, such as Jacquard s loom or Babbage s Analytical Engine , a bit was often stored as the position ... core memory , magnetic tape s, magnetic drum drum s, and Disk storage disk s, where a bit ... values of a bit may be represented by two levels of electrical charge stored in a capacitor . In programmable logic array s and certain types of read only memory , a bit may be represented by the presence or absence of a conducting path at a certain point of a circuit. In optical disc s, a bit is encoded ... stored therein. If the two possible values of one bit of storage are not equally likely, that bit of storage will contain less than one bit of information. Indeed, if the value is completely ... data compression data compression technology. Sometimes the name bit is used when discussing data storage while shannon is used for the statistical bit. Citation needed date May 2009 Multiple ... more details
Image Holsteiner 0001.jpg right 200px thumb A horse correctly on the bit with a soft contact, due to impulsion causing him to raise his back. On the bit is an equestrianism equestrian term used to describe a horse that is submissive to the rider s riding aids rein aids , given through the bit. Technique On the bit requires the horse to engage the hips and raise the back, which it cannot do when its ... extension of the forehand. This will cause the horse to hollow its back. A horse is placed on the bit ... energy in the hands via the reins and bit. Impulsion causes the horse to engage his hind end, lift his back, and finally when he becomes submissive and accepts contact with the bit, without resistance ... on both sides of the bit. The horse stretches over his topline and follows the bit s contact forward and down. Being on the bit is more than just a fancy head position seesawing on the bit causes tension throughout the body. On the bit is synonymous with on the aids , where the horse is relaxed, using ... can soften his contact, and the horse will maintain the pressure and follow the bit downward. The horse ... right thumb 200px How coming above the bit causes the back to drop. Image Ribadavia medieval cabalo cabaleiro.jpg right thumb 200px A horse avoiding contact, coming behind the bit Many wrongly believe a horse to be on the bit if his head is held at the vertical, or perpendicular to the ground. However, a horse is still able to maintain this headset while remaining stiff, heavy on the bit, and unresponsive ... on the bit, and many novice riders achieve the vertical headset, while losing the impulsion ... on the bit, and will usually either lean on the rider s hands, placing too much pressure on the bit, pull against the rider and root, or brace upward against rein pressure and come above of the bit ... contact with the bit, rather than correctly accepting it, and come behind the bit. This may occur ... the bit too strongly or physically trying to pull the horse on the bit. It is a very common fault ... more details
dablink This article is about the Alternative information centre . For other uses, see Bit disambiguation . BIT was an information service, publisher, travel guide and social centre founded, in 1968, by John Hopkins political activist John Hoppy Hopkins . It pre dated the internet as a free service that would try to find any information asked for and derived its name from the smallest unit of computer information. BITBIT was initially a partial spin off from Hoppy s earlier International Times information service, which was being overwhelmed by the number of enquiries it was receiving, then subsequently took on a life of its own becoming a much wider organisation more akin to the later Social centres . Emerging from the UK undergound as a volunteer run business, it evolved into a collective ... to pay for it all. ref http hqinfo.blogspot.com 2006 08 alternative society 1970s bit travel.html The Generalist Alternative Society BIT travel guide ref BIT Guide The BIT Guide, an early duplicated ... by those already on the road, warned of pitfalls and places to see and stay. The first BIT Guide was produced by the BIT Information & Help Service in London in 1970. The BIT guide reached its peak under the control of Geoff Crowther, who arrived at BIT in 1972. Free Festivals BIT also ran early festival ... by BIT, including activist Alan Strom. ref http www.ukrockfestivals.com glasto77.html ref References Reflist Links http wiki.ic.org index.php?title BIT Information service&redirect no Intentional Communities Wiki on BIT Information service http www.internationaltimes.it page.php?i IT 1980 01 01 I IT Volume 5 Iss 5 021 International Times article on BIT 1980 Literature Beam, Alan 1976 Rehearsal ... 1966 1976 an account of the early years of BIT, by Nicholas Albery , with most names changed to protect the innocent. External links http www.ukrockfestivals.com glasto77.html BIT organised 1977 Glastonbury Free Festival http www.ukrockfestivals.com glasto78.html BIT newsletter from the impromptu ... more details
Wiktionarypar rateRate or rates may refer to Rate mathematics , a specific kind of ratio, in which two measurements are related to each other Rates as in British Council Tax see Council Tax Rates Rate of speed velocity , in physics Naval rating or rate, terms used to designate specialty or seniority of enlisted naval personnel. Rate of a ship , a term indicating a sail ship s firepower in the British Royal Navy Bitrate , number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time Rates , a Portuguese parish and town located in the municipality of P voa de Varzim In math and finance Rate function , a function used to quantify the probabilities of rare event Rates tax , a type of taxation system used to fund local government Exchange rate , specifies how much one currency is worth in terms of the other In human growth Birth rate , the natality or childbirths per 1,000 people per year Mortality rate , a measure of the number of deaths in some population As an initialism Radioisotopes and the Age of the Earth , a project of creation geophysics See also lookfrom intitle Rating disambiguation disambig da Rate fr Rate homonymie wa Rate ... more details
In data transmission and telecommunication , bit stuffing also known uncommonly as positive justification is the insertion of noninformation binary digit bit s into data . Stuffed bits should not be confused with overhead bit s. Bit stuffing is used for various purposes, such as for bringing bit stream s that do not necessarily have the same or rationally related bitrate s up to a common rate, or to fill ... to the receiving end of the data link , where these extra bits are removed to return the bit streams to their original bit rates or form. Bit stuffing may be used to synchronize several channels before multiplexing or to rate match two single channels to each other. Applications include Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy . Another use of bit stuffing is for run ... to be transmitted. A bit of the opposite value is inserted after the maximum allowed number of consecutive ... , and Universal Serial Bus . Bit stuffing does not ensure that the payload is intact i.e. not corrupted ... for corruption after its delivery and, if necessary, the frame will be resent. Zero bit insertion Zero bit insertion is a particular type of bit stuffing in the latter sense used in some data transmission ... of 0 bits. The bit sequence 01111110 containing six adjacent 1 bits is commonly used as a Flag byte or FSS. To ensure that this pattern never appears in normal data, a 0 bit is stuffed after every five 1 bits in the data. This typically adds 1 stuffed bit to every 32 random payload bits, on average. Note that this stuffed bit is added even if the following data bit is 0, which could not be mistaken ... clock edges. Low and full speed USB data is sent NRZI encoded a 0 bit causes a signal transition, while a 1 bit causes no change. The receiver must count the time between transitions to determine ... bit causing a transition after every 6 consecutive 1 bits this guarantees at least one transition every 7 bit times. A 0,6 RLL code. The main disadvantage of this form of bit stuffing is that the code ... more details
Bit manipulation is the act of algorithm ically manipulating bit s or other pieces of data computing data shorter than a word computing word . Computer programming Programming tasks that require bit manipulation ... abstractions instead of bits that represent those abstractions. Source code that does bit manipulation makes use of the bitwise operation s AND, OR, XOR, NOT, and bitwise operation Bit shifts bit shifts . Bit manipulation, in some cases, can obviate or reduce the need to loop over a data structure and can give many fold speed ups, as bit manipulations are processed in parallel, but the code can become rather more difficult to write and maintain. Bit twiddling Bit twiddling and bit bashing are often used interchangeably with bit manipulation, but sometimes exclusively refer to clever or non obvious ways or uses of bit manipulation, or tedious or challenging low level device control data manipulation tasks. As a derogatory term, bit twiddling is the process of tweaking a computer program where ... to all but the original author. The term bit twiddling dates from history of computing hardware ... any handling of data that involved bit level computation . Example of bit manipulation The following ... lang c The obvious method if x y r x else r y A method using bit manipulation r y x y & x y source The above code snippet was given to public domain by Sean Eron Anderson. See Bit twiddling hacks ... and data dependent. Some processors have fast bit operations and heavily penalize Branch computer ... Issues on Intel Processors ref . The data itself affects the success rate for branch prediction ... language . Common bit manipulation techniques Bit manipulation often causes problems with beginning ... level Bit masking is recommended, since it increases portability and is readable for everyone who knows ... bitwise operators. Set a bit where code n code is the bit number, and 0 is the least significant bit source lang c unsigned char a 1 n source Clear a bit source lang c unsigned char b & 1 n source ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2008 In digital transmission, bit slip is the loss of a bit or bits, caused by clock drift variations in the respective Clock signal clock rates of the transmitting and receiving devices. One cause of bit slippage is Buffer overflow overflow of a receive Buffer telecommunication buffer that occurs when the transmitter s clock rate exceeds that of the receiver. This causes one or more bits to be dropped for lack of Computer data storage storage capacity. One way to maintain timing between transmitting and receiving devices is to employ an Asynchronous communication asynchronous protocol such as Asynchronous start stop start stop . Alternatively, bit slip can be prevented by using a self clocking signal such as a signal modulated using OQPSK or using a line coding such as Manchester encoding . Another cause is losing count , as on a hard drive if a hard drive encounters a long string of 0s, without any 1s or a string of 1s without 0s , it may lose track of the frame between fields, and suffer bit slip. Thus one prevents long strings without change via such devices as run length limited codes. See also Clock drift Category Data synchronization telecomm term stub compu network stub ... more details
about the fictional character Drill Bit Transformers the cancelled skyscraper nicknamed Drill bit Chicago ... top to bottom Spade, lip and spur brad point , masonry bit and twist drill bits File Pistol grip drill.svg thumb Drill bit upper left , mounted on a pistol grip corded drill . Refimprove date February ... of drill bits in terms of the design of the cutter. The other end of the drill bit, the shank, is described in the drill bit shank article. Drill bits come in standard sizes, described in the drill bit sizes article. A comprehensive drill and tap size chart lists Metric system metric and Imperial ... machine, or can refer to a drill bit for use in a drilling machine. In this article, for clarity, drill bit or bit is used throughout to refer to a bit for use in a drilling machine, and drill refers always to a drilling machine. Characteristics Main Drill bit shank Drill bit sizes Drill bit geometry has several aspects The spiral , or rate of twist in the drill, controls the rate of chip removal in a drill. A fast spiral drill is used in high feed rate applications under low spindle ... rate, and other characteristics. The lip angle determines the amount of support provided to the cutting ... and published. The Drill bit sizes Jobber length drill Jobber Drills used widely by vendors to further ... bit is usually between 1 1 and 1 10. Much higher ratios are possible e.g., aircraft length twist ... coated twist bit Many different materials are used for or on drill bits, depending on the required ... onto the tip of a bit made of less hard metal. However, it is becoming common in job shops to use ... a high speed steel bit usually twist bits , can extend the cutting life by three or more times. A titanium nitride bit cannot be properly sharpened, as the new edge will not have the coating, and will not have ... are generated, and diamond coated bits often have to be water cooled to prevent damage to the bit or the workpiece. Zirconium nitride has also been used as a drill bit coating for some Craftsman tools ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name A Little Bit Of This, A Little Bit Of That Type Studio Artist D Mob Cover Released 1989 Recorded Genre Hip Hop , House Music House Length 56 48 Label FFRR Records, London Records London Producer Dancin Danny D., Dave Dorrell, C.J. Mackintosh Reviews allmusic Rating 4.5 5 Allmusic class album id r5004 pure url yes link This album A Little Bit Of This, A Little Bit Of That br 1986 A Little Bit Of This, A Little Bit Of That is a 1989 dance album by D Mob . Released on FFRR Records, it features Cathy Dennis on vocals for two songs, one of which, C mon And Get My Love became a top 10 hit in the United States , peaking at number 10. Track listings UK CD C mon And Get My Love featuring Cathy Dennis 3 51 All I Do featuriing Danny Madden 5 56 It Really Don t Matter featuring Dancin Danny D 4 19 That s The Way Of The World featuring Cathy Dennis 4 03 It Really Don t Matter Reprise 2 49 It Is Time To Get Funky featuring LRS & DC Sarome 3 31 Put Your Hands Together featuring Nuff Juice 4 09 A Rhythm From Within 4 41 Trance Dance featuring Gary Haisman 4 13 We Call It Acieed featuring Gary Haisman 3 51 C mon And Get My Love Spaghetti Western Mix 7 51 It Is Time To Get Funky The Casualty Mix 8 10 DEFAULTSORT Little Bit of This Category 1989 albums Category Dance music albums 1980s hiphop album stub ... more details
In telecommunication s, bit inversion means the changing of the state of a bit to the opposite state, i.e. the changing of a 0 bit to 1 or of a 1 bit to 0. It also refers to the changing of a state representing a given bit to the opposite state. Source Federal Standard 1037C and MIL STD 188 telecomm term stub category Data transmission wiktionary ... more details
Bit depth may refer to For bit depth in graphics, see color depth For bit depth in audio, see audio bit depth For bit depth in drilling for petroleum, see drilling rig disambig ja ... more details
In computing, bit flipping may mean Bit manipulation , algorithmic manipulation of binary digits bits Bitwise operation NOT Bitwise operation NOT , performing logical negation to a single bit, or each of several bits, switching state 0 to 1, and vice versa Memory error , an unintentional state switch from 0 to 1, or vice versa, of a bit stored to random access memory or other medium Bit flipping algorithm , a decoding algorithm See also bit flipping attack disambig ... more details
Spade bit may refer to Curb bit Styles Spade bit used on horses Drill bit Spade bit Spade bit used on a drill disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Image Polo pony Pelham bridle.jpg thumb Polo pony wearing a Pelham bit with bit guards A bit guard cheek guard in Australia is a specialty piece of horse tack a washer hardware washer , usually made of flexible rubber, that is sometimes used in pairs on a bit horse bit . Image Cabalo044eue.jpg thumb left Bit guard on pelham bit Reasons for using a bit guard include to protect the horse s lips from chaffing or pinching by the bit horse bit rings to provide a better fit when the bit is too wide for the horse s mouth to prevent the bit rings from being pulled through the horse s mouth A pair of bit guards is placed on a bit by stretching them to pass over one bit ring. Then the bit is attached to a bridle . The bridle is then put on a horse so that the bit guards lie outside of the horse s mouth. Bit guards are used with loose ring snaffle bit s, gag bit s, and pelham bit s. Bit guards are used more often in jumping events, such as eventing and show jumping , and in polo . They are not permitted in competitive dressage , and are not used in horse show hunt seat competition. A pair of bit guards with an integral forked strap, to suspend them from the browband or crownpiece of the bridle, are known as cheekers see Frentera . Bit burr Image Eventer head.JPG thumb left Bit burr Resembling a bit guard is a bit burr sometimes burr bit , also bubble cheeker in Australia , which has teeth laid against the horse s cheek. The burr bit was for a time widely used on coach horses in New York City, until the use was stopped in part through the efforts of Henry Bergh circa 1879. ref Wood, John George 1885 Horse and Man Their Mutual Dependence and Duties , Longmans, Green, 339 pages, page 221. ref Bubble cheekers are approved for use in thoroughbred racing in Australia. ref cite web title Register of Nationally Approved Gear author Dion Villella publisher Racing Victoria Limited url http www.racingvictoria.net.au asset cms Stewards 20Notifications 20PDF 128312 20RVL 20Gear 20Register 20Book.pdf ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Bit time is a concept in computer network ing. It is defined as the time it takes for one bit to be ejected from a Network Interface Card NIC operating at some predefined standard speed, such as 10 Mbit s. The time is measured between the time the Logical Link Control logical link control layer 2 sublayer receives the instruction from the operating system until the bit actually leaves the NIC. The bit time has nothing to do with the time it takes for a bit to travel on the network medium, but has to do with the internals of the NIC. To calculate the bit time at which a NIC ejects bits, use the following bit time 1 NIC speed To calculate the bit time for a 10 Mbit s NIC, use the formula as follows bit time 1 10 10 6 10 7 100 10 9 100 nanoseconds The bit time for a 10 Mbit s NIC is 100 nanoseconds. That is, a 10 Mbit s NIC can eject 1 bit every 100 nanoseconds. Bit time is distinctively different from slot time , which is the time taken for a pulse to travel through the longest permitted length of network medium. DEFAULTSORT Bit Time Category Computer network analysis de Bitzeit fr Bit time ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
