be formed by phospholipids in aqueous solutions A biologicalmembrane or biomembrane is an enclosing or separating Membrane selective barrier membrane that acts as a selective barrier, within or around a cell biology cell . It consist of a lipid bilayer with embedded integral membrane protein proteins that may constitute close to 50 of membrane content. ref cite book title Neurophysiological basis ... sdarticle.pdf . External links MeshName Membranes DEFAULTSORT BiologicalMembrane Category Membrane biology Category Biological matter membrane bg cs Bun n membr na de Biomembran fr Membrane biologie he lb Biomembran ja no Biomembran pl B ona biologiczna ...about various membranes in living things the membranes surrounding cells cell membrane Image Phospholipids ... with isolating Tissue biology tissues formed by layers of cells, such as mucous membrane mucous and Basement membrane basement membranes. Function Membranes in cells typically define enclosed ..., the membrane around peroxisome s shields the rest of the cell from peroxide s, and the cell membrane ... membrane bound organelles. Probably the most important feature of a biomembrane is that it is a selective ... of a cell or organelle from its surroundings. Biological membranes also have certain mechanical ... but are unable to diffuse freely across a membrane enter through a membrane transport protein or are taken in by means of endocytosis . Diversity of biological membranes Many types of specialized plasma membrane s can separate cell from external environment apical , basolateral , presynaptic and postsynaptic ... s . Different types of biological membranes have diverse lipid and protein compositions. The content of membranes defines their physical and biological properties. Some components of membranes play ... S layer Membrane lipids Biofilm Membrane protein Osmosis Mucous membrane Fetal membranes ... 7, 2010 ref Basement membrane Serous membrane Tympanic membrane References reflist 3. Heijne ... more details
A Membrane may refer to In biology Biologicalmembrane Cell membrane , a biological type of Membrane selective barrier Inner membrane Outer membrane The two fetal membranes amnion chorion Basement membrane Mucous membrane Serous membrane Tympanic membrane Other Non biologicalMembrane selective barrier Artificial membrane Polymeric membraneMembrane M Theory Membrane keyboard Tensile structure Structural membrane architecture The Membranes punk band disambig bg cs Membr na de Membran es Membrana fr Membrane io Membrano id Membran it Membrana he lv Membr na nl Membraan pl Membrana ru sk Membr na tr Membran uk ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Membrane biology is the study of the Biology biological and Biochemistry physiochemical characteristics of Biologicalmembrane membranes . DEFAULTSORT Membrane Biology Category Membrane biology Biology stub ... more details
Membrane biophysics is the study of biologicalmembrane s using Physics physical , computation computational , Mathematics mathematical , and Biophysical techniques biophysical methods . See also Lipid polymorphism Lipid Amphiphile References references Category Biophysics cell biology stub Membrane Biophysics is the use of physical methods applied to cell membrane functions. ... more details
also For eukaryotes Intermembrane space Chloroplast membrane For bacteria periplasmic space outer membrane DEFAULTSORT Inner Membrane Category Membrane biology cs Vnit n membr na ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The sacrococcygeal membrane is a tough fibrous Biologicalmembranemembrane about 10mm long which extends from the inferior tip of the sacrum to the body of the coccyx in humans. It covers the inferior limit of the epidural space and is analogous to the ligamentum flavum found at other levels in the Spinal cord spine . It can be found at the apex of an equilateral triangle whose base is formed by the dimples overlying the sacro iliac joints. The cornua of the sacrum may be palpated with a finger the sacrococcygeal membrane lies between and inferior to these. DEFAULTSORT Sacrococcygeal Membrane Category Thorax Anatomy stub ... more details
A family of biologicalmembrane proteins which allow the passive movement of ions ion channels , water aquaporins or other solutes to passively pass through the membrane down their electrochemical gradient . br References Molecular Biology of the Cell 4th ed. Alberts, B. Johnson, A. Lewis, J. Raff, M. Roberts, K. Walter, P. New York and London Garland Science c2002 See Glossary, under membrane channels . This book is available http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fcgi?rid mboc4.TOC&depth 2 online Ion channels Category Membrane biology cs Kan l biologie de Membrankanal ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Expert subject Medicine date November 2008 The otolithic membrane is a gelatinous biological membrane membrane located in the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear , and plays an essential role in the brain s interpretation of equilibrium. Both the saccular macula and utricular macula are covered by an otolithic membrane, thus providing the common name of the otoliths to the utricle and saccule . The membrane is composed of crystalline particles of calcium carbonate called otolith otoliths . When the head is moved the otoliths shift, causing cilia in the nearby saccule and utricle to distort. This produces nerve signals which are sent to the brain, which then uses them to establish its sense of balance. The embedded crystals are very and dense and make the density of the otolithic membrane higher than that of the endolymph surrounding it. When the head accelerates along a line or tilts to change its orientation to gravity, the otolithic membrane shifts relative to the bone supporting the maculae. This shift bends the hair cells whose processes are embedded in the otolithic membrane. Category Vestibular system DEFAULTSORT Otolithic Membrane Med stub ... more details
of the lipid bilayer are indicated by red and blue dots. A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane biology membrane of a cell biology cell or an organelle . More than half of all proteins interact with membranes. Function Biologicalmembrane ... helical domains are present in all types of biological membranes including outer membrane s. The beta barrel s were found only in outer membrane s of Gram negative bacteria , lipid rich cell walls of a few Gram positive bacteria , and outer membrane s of mitochondria and chloroplasts . Integral monotopic protein s are proteins that are permanently attached to the lipid membrane from only one side and do not span across the membrane. Peripheral membrane proteins Peripheral membrane protein ... biological functions. Protein Structural proteins Structural protein s are attached to microfilament ... each other and interact. Such proteins are involved in immune response , for example. Membrane enzymes produce a variety of substances essential for cell function. Membrane receptor proteins ... proteins come in two forms carrier protein s and channel protein s. Main categories Membrane ... pages 128 ref Integral membrane proteins , penetrating the lipid bilayer Peripheral membrane proteins ... bonds An alternative classification is to divide all membrane proteins to integral and amphitropic ... by reversible membrane interactions review journal Mol. Membr. Biol. volume 16 issue 3 pages ..., but excludes peripheral proteins that interact with other membrane proteins rather than with lipid bilayer. The integral proteins can be found only in the membrane bound state. Integral membrane proteins Integral membrane protein s are permanently attached to the membrane. They can be defined ... that are permanently attached to the lipid membrane and span across the membrane at least once . The transmembrane .... Polypeptide toxins main Pore forming toxin Classification of membrane proteins to integral and peripheral ... more details
Image Semipermeable membrane.png thumb 250px Scheme of semipermeable membrane during hemodialysis , where red is blood, blue is the dialysing fluid, and yellow is the membrane. A semipermeable membrane , also termed a selectively permeable membrane , a partially permeable membrane or a differentially permeable membrane , is a membrane that will allow certain molecule s or ion s to pass through it by diffusion ... side, as well as the permeability of the membrane to each solute. Depending on the membrane and the solute, permeability may depend on solute size, solubility , properties, or chemistry. How the membrane .... An example of a semi permeable membrane is the lipid bilayer , on which is based the plasma membrane that surrounds all cell biology biological cell s. Many natural and synthetic materials thicker than a membrane are also semipermeable. One example of this is the thin film on the inside of an Egg biology egg . Another example of a semipermeable membrane which is very specific in its permeability ... in the inside of the membrane. The phospholipid bilayer is the most permeable to small, uncharged ... as the fluid mosaic model . In the process of reverse osmosis , thin film composite membrane s TFC or TFM ... membrane is dialysis tubing . Other types are cellulose ester membrane CEM , charge mosaic membrane CMM , bipolar membrane BPM , anion exchange membrane AEM ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 18547927?dopt Abstract Effect of the type of ion exchange membrane on performance, ion transport, and pH in biocatalyzed electrolysis of wastewater ref alkali anion exchange membrane AAEM and proton exchange membrane PEM . The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called osmosis . References reflist External links http www.euromemhouse.eu EuroMemHouse European Membrane House http www.iupac.org publications pac 1996 pdf 6807x1479.pdf Membrane terminology. International ... Filters Category Membrane biology bs Polupropusna membrana ca Membrana semipermeable cs Polopropustn ... more details
Membrane fouling is a process where solute or particles deposit onto a Artificial membranemembrane surface or into membrane pores in a way that degrades the membrane s performance. It is a major obstacle to the widespread use of this technology. Membrane fouling can cause severe flux decline and affect the quality of the water produced. Severe fouling may require intense chemical cleaning or membrane replacement. This increases the operating costs of a Sewage treatment treatment plant . There are various types of foulants colloid al clays, flocculation floc s , biological bacteria , fungi , organic oils , polyelectrolyte s, humic s and scaling mineral precipitates . ref Baker, R.W. 2004 . Membrane ... and irreversible fouling based on the attachment strength of particles to the membrane surface ..., D.D.,Oerther, D.B.& Sorial, G.A. 2005 Effect of permeate flux and tangential flow on membrane ... affecting membrane fouling Factors that affect membrane fouling Membrane properties such as pore size, hydrophobe hydrophobicity , pore size distribution and membrane material. Solution properties such as concentration ... such as pH , temperature , flow rate and pressure. Measure of membrane fouling Flux and transmembrane pressure TMP are the best indicators of membrane fouling. Under constant flux operation, TMP increases ... due to membrane fouling. Fouling control Even though membrane fouling is an inevitable phenomenon during membrane filtration , it can be minimised by strategies such as cleaning, appropriate membrane ... or chemically. Physical cleaning includes sponges, water jets or backflushing using a permeate . Biological ... membrane fouling is the use of the appropriate membrane for a specific operation. The nature of the feed water must first be known then a membrane that is less prone to fouling with that solution is chosen. For aqueous filtration , a hydrophile hydrophilic membrane is preferred. Operating conditions during membrane filtration are also vital, as they may affect fouling conditions during filtration ... more details
pp semi protected small yes pp move indef Image Cell membrane detailed diagram 4.svg thumb 400px Illustration of a Eukaryote Eukaryotic cell membrane The cell membrane is a biologicalmembrane that separates ... Membranes ref The cell membrane is semipermeable membrane selectively permeable to ions and organic ... wall and intracellular cytoskeleton . Function The cell membrane surrounds the protoplasm of a cell ... and precludes passage of the macromolecule larger molecules . The cell membrane also plays ... is Semipermeable membrane differentially permeable and able to regulate what enters and exits the cell, thus facilitating the membrane transport protein transport of materials needed for survival. The movement of substances across the membrane can be either passive , occurring without the input of cellular energy, or active, requiring the cell to expend energy in moving it. The membrane also maintains the cell potential . Prokaryotes Main Prokaryote Gram negative bacteria have plasma membrane and Bacterial outer membrane outer membrane separated by the periplasmic space . Other prokaryotic species have only plasma membrane . Prokaryotic cells are also surrounded by a cell wall . Structure Fluid mosaic model According to the fluid mosaic model of S. J. Singer and Garth Nicolson 1972, the biological ... a self assembly process in the formation of membranes. The cell membrane consists primarily of a thin ..., proteins, and ions from diffusing across the membrane, but generally allows for the passive ... s concentrate phosphatidyl serine , which carries a negative charge, on the inner membrane. Along ... the membrane. Membranes serve diverse functions in eukaryote eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells ... bilayer structure fluid mosaic model with specific membrane proteins accounts for the selective permeability of the membrane and passive and active transport mechanisms. In addition, membranes in prokaryotes ... chemiosmosis. Membrane polarity See also Epithelial polarity Apical Membrane redirects here Basolateral ... more details
Membrane computing is an area within computer science that seeks to discover new computational model s from the study of biological Cell biology cells , particular of the cellular membrane s. It is a sub task of creating a cellular model . Membrane computing or MC deals with distributed and parallel computing models, processing multisets of symbol objects in a localized manner. Thus, evolution rules and evolving objects are encapsulated into compartments defined by membranes. The communications between compartments and with the environment play an essential role in the processes. The various types of membrane systems are known as P systems after Gheorghe P un who first conceived the model in 1998 ... system is its membrane structure, which can be a hierarchical arrangement of membranes, as in a cell ... nine membrane regions are identified. Fig. 2 shows the same system in a tree format. File P System Tree Format.pdf thumb Tree The intuition behind the notion of a membrane is a three dimensional vesicle from biology as per Fig. 1. However the concept itself is more general, and a membrane is seen as a separator of two regions. The membrane provides for selective communication between the two ..., a rule may produce the special symbol , in which case the membrane that contains it is dissolved ... and the range of possibilities to define the architecture and the functioning of a membrane based ... of symbols. The region, which is defined by a membrane, can contain other symbols or strings collectively referred to as objects or other membranes, so that a P system has exactly one outer membrane, called the skin membrane, and a hierarchical relationship governing all its membranes under the skin membrane. If objects are symbols, then their multiplicity within a region matters however multi ... in a particular region. Alternatively the result may be made up of objects sent out of the skin membrane ... biological systems References reflist Category Models of computation Category Classes of computers ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Chloroplast s contain several important biologicalmembrane membranes , vital for their function. Like mitochondria , chloroplasts have a double membrane envelope, called the chloroplast envelope . Each membrane is a phospholipid bilayer , between 6 and 8 nanometre nm thick, and the two are separated by a gap of 10 20 nm, called the intermembrane space . The outer membrane is permeable to most ions and metabolite s, but the inner membrane is highly specialised with transport protein s. Carbohydrates are transported across the outer membrane by a triose phosphate translocator . The origin of chloroplasts is now largely accepted by the botany community as occurring via endosymbiosis on an ancestral basis with the engulfment of photosynthetic bacterium within the eukaryotic cell. Over millions of years the endosymbiotic cyanobacterium evolved structurally and functionally, retaining its own DNA and the ability to divide by binary fission not mitotically but giving up its autonomy by the transfer of some of its genes to the nuclear genome. Internal parts Within the inner membrane, in the region called the stroma , there is a system of interconnecting flattened membrane compartments, called the thylakoid s . These are the sites of light absorption and Adenosine triphosphate ATP synthesis, and contain many proteins, including those involved in the electron transport chain . Photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophylls a,b and c some others e.g. xanthophylls, carotenoids, phycobilins are also embedded within the granum membrane. With exception of chlorophyll a, all the other associated pigments are accessory and transfer energy to the reaction centers, Photosytems I and II. Functions of thylakoids The membranes of the thylakoid contain photosystems I and II which harvest solar energy to excite electrons which travel down the electron transport ... second DEFAULTSORT Chloroplast Membrane Category Membrane biology Cell biology stub Botany stub ... more details
concentration is reached. Basic Geometry of Curvature A biologicalmembrane is commonly described as a two dimensional surface, which spans a three dimensional space. So, to describe membrane shape, it is not sufficient to determine the membrane curling that is seen in a single cross section ... homology ENTH domains . Journal Biological Chemistry 278, 28993 28999 2003 . Category Membrane biology ...orphan date April 2010 Membrane curvature is the geometrical measure or characterization of the curvature of Membrane selective barrier membrane s. The membranes can be naturally occurring or man made synthetic . An example of naturally occurring membrane is the lipid bilayer of cells, also known as cellular membrane s. Synthetic membranes can be obtained by preparing aqueous solutions of certain lipids ... can be understood by the following thought experiment. If you cross section the membrane ..., since a number of biological membranes possess shapes that are analogous to these common ... Saddle Even though often membrane curvature is thought to be a completely spontaneous process, thermodynamically .... Driving forces for membrane Curvature Lipid Spontaneous Curvature Perhaps the most simple and intuitive driving force in membrane curvature is the natural spontaneous curvature exhibited by some ..., in other words they exhibit positive spontaneous curvature ref Kamal, M et al. Measurement of the membrane ... from an originally flat membrane can be expressed as FCyl x L x K sub b sub 1 R 2J sub B sub where ... modulus of the bilayer. The radii of membrane cylinders that form in intracellular membrane transport ... and plasma membrane . Journal of Cell Biology 148, 45 58 2000 . ref . So, the spontaneous curvature ... curvatures of the monolayers, an unusual membrane lipid composition would be required ... the potential to generate a large membrane curvature. However, even for these lipids, the required ... curvature which could explain the shapes of biological membranes. Nevertheless, calculations ... more details
Expert subject Chemistry date November 2008 A membrane reactor is a piece of chemical equipment that combines a catalyst filled reaction chamber with a membrane to add reactant s or remove products of the reaction. Chemical reactors making use of membranes are usually referred to as membrane reactors. The membrane can be used for different tasks Separation Selective extraction of reactants Retention ... of reactants Membrane reactors are an example for the combination of two unit operation s in one step e.g. membrane filtration with the chemical reaction. Examples Biological systems In biological systems membranes fulfil a number of essential functions. The compartmentalisation of biological cell biology cells is achieved by membranes. The semi permeable membrane semi permeability allows to separate reactions and reaction environments. A number of enzymes are membrane bound and often mass transport through the membrane is active rather than passive as in artificial membrane s allowing the cell ... membrane is the first example of the utilisation for a chemical reaction. By using the selective ... Ch telier s principle Le Ch telier . Size exclusion Enzyme Membrane Reactor As enzyme s are macromolecule s and often differ greatly in size from reactants they can be separated by size exclusion membrane ... of the chemical potential of the reactants in the membrane. The selectivity of the transport through the membrane is given by the different solubility of the materials in the membrane and their diffusivity in the membrane. For example for the selective removal of water by using lipophilic membranes ... dioxide and water . This is achieved by using a tubular reactor with an oxygen selective membrane. The membrane allows the uniform distribution of oxygen as the driving force for the permeation of oxygen through the membrane is the difference in partial pressures on the air side and the methane ... generation. Hydrogen, produced from coal gas in the membrane reactor would be used for power generation ... more details
both hydraulic and biological. Aeration maintains solids in suspension, scours the membrane ...Membrane bioreactor MBR is the combination of a membrane process like microfiltration or ultrafiltration ..., The MBR book 2006 Principles and applications of membrane bioreactors in water and wastewater treatment ... configurations exist internal submerged, where the membranes are immersed in and integral to the biological ... activated sludge process top and membrane bioreactor bottom Recent technical innovation and significant membrane cost reduction have pushed MBRs to become an established process option to treat ... for MBR markets. Membrane Technology 2006 8 10 ref Image SubmergedMBR Schematic.jpg frame none Schematic ... sludge bioreactor with a crossflow membrane filtration loop. The flat sheet membranes used in this process ... value of the product tertiary effluent and the potential rapid loss of performance due to membrane fouling ... TMP to maintain filtration. With the membrane directly immersed into the bioreactor, submerged MBR ... systems and submerged systems operate at a lower flux, demanding more membrane area ... operating cost obtained with the submerged configuration along with the steady decrease in the membrane ... times HRT range between 3 and 10 hours. In terms of membrane configurations, mainly hollow ..., A.G. Fane, Fouling in membrane bioreactors used for wastewater treatment A review. J. Memb. Sci ... of maintenance the side stream configuration can be installed at low level in a plant building. Membrane ... membrane surface fouling by pumping membrane permeate back through the membrane. In systems where ... to undertake cleaning regimes incorporating membrane soaks, however the biomass must be continuously ..., membrane modules are removed from the vessel and transferred to an offline cleaning tank. External .... The biomass is either pumped directly through a number of membrane modules in series and back to the bioreactor ... to the deposition of soluble and particulate materials onto and into the membrane, attributed ... more details
Infobox Embryology Name Chorioallantoic membrane Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Smallpox CAM.png Caption The chorioallantoic membrane of a developing chick covered with Smallpox virus pocks Image2 Caption2 System CarnegieStage Days Precursor GivesRiseTo MeshName Chorioallantoic membrane MeshNumber A16.254.300.400 DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The chorioallantoic membrane also called the chorioallantois or abbreviated to CAM is a vascular Biologicalmembranemembrane found in eggs of some amniote s, such as bird s and reptile s. It is formed by the fusion of the mesoderm al layers of two developmental structures the allantois and the chorion . ref name isbn0 87893 258 5 cite book author Gilbert, Scott F. title Developmental biology publisher Sinauer Associates location Sunderland, Mass year 2003 pages isbn 0 87893 258 5 oclc doi accessdate ref In mammal s, this structure forms the placenta . Three different layers compose the chorioallantoic membrane these are called the chorionic epithelium , the mesenchyme and the allantoic epithelium. Blood capillary capillaries and Sinus anatomy sinuses are found between epithelial cell s of the chorionic layer, allowing close contact within 0.2 m with air found in pores of the shell membrane of the egg. ref name pmid159001 cite journal author F ncsi T, Feh r G title Ultrastructural studies of chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane during incubation ... url ref As a result, the chorioallantoic membrane allows exchange of gases, such as oxygen , to developing ... membrane also plays an essential role in bone formation by transporting calcium into the embryo from ... s are routinely used in biology Research biological and biomedical research to investigate development ... cite journal author Ribatti D title Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane as a useful tool to study ..., Ribatti D, Raica M title The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane as a model to study tumor metastasis ... Developmental biology Category Membrane biology Category Bird terminology ... more details
File Membrane potential ions en.svg thumb right 350px Differences in concentration of ion s on opposite sides of a plasma membrane cellular membrane produce a voltage difference called the membrane potential ... sometimes play an important role, are not shown. Membrane potential or transmembrane potential is the difference ... math V interior V exterior math . All animal cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane composed of a lipid bilayer with a variety of molecular structures embedded in it. The membrane potential arises from the interaction of ion channel s and ion transporter ion pump s embedded in the membrane, which maintain different ion concentrations on the intracellular and extracellular sides of the membrane. The membrane potential has two basic functions. First, it allows a cell to function as a battery electricity battery , providing power to operate a variety of molecular devices embedded in the membrane. Second, in electrically excitable membrane excitable cells such as neuron s, it is used for transmitting ... in the membrane produces a local change in the membrane potential, which causes electric current to flow rapidly to other points in the membrane. In non excitable cells, and in excitable cells in their baseline states, the membrane potential is held at a relatively stable value, called the resting ... potential , in which the membrane potential very rapidly undergoes a large change, often briefly ... s. In neurons, the factors that influence the membrane potential are diverse. They include numerous ... dependent ion channels are controlled by the membrane potential, while the membrane potential ... basis The membrane potential in a cell derives ultimately from two factors electrical force and diffusion ... the membrane of a cell is 60 millivolts can be verified by placing electrodes inside and outside the cell ... to biological tissue. Because the electric field is the gradient of the voltage distribution, rapid ... freely from place to place, unless some type of barrier impedes them. Plasma membrane File ... more details
. Mechanics Although a biological joint can resemble a replacement joint man made joint in being a hinge ... the bearing surfaces of man made joints interlock, as in a hinge. This is rare for biological ... more details
In cellular biology the term membrane transport refers to the collection of mechanisms that regulate the passage of solutes such as ions and small molecules through biological membranes namely lipid bilayers that contain proteins embedded in them. The regulation of passage through the membrane is due to selective membrane permeability a characteristic of biological membranes which allows them to separate ... functioning of biological membranes ref name mathews The macromolecules on one side of the membrane can bond preferentially to a certain component of the membrane or chemically modify it. In this way, although the concentration of the solute may actually be different on both sides of the membrane ... again. Membrane selectivity As the main characteristic of transport through a biologicalmembrane ... of most solutes through the membrane are mediated by membrane transport proteins which are specialized ... membrane separates two solutions of different concentration of the same solute. If the membrane allows ... along a gradient there is no need for an external input of energy. Image Cell membrane scheme.png thumb 250px Diagram of a cell membrane br 1. phospholipid 2. cholesterol 3. glycolipid 4. sugar 5. polytopic ... anchored by a phospholipid 8. peripheral monotopic protein here, a glycoprotein. The nature of biological ... by simple or passive diffusion , which consists of the diffusion of substances through the membrane ..., but also to an electrochemical gradient due to the membrane potential . class wikitable Relative ... 6 phosphate Not permeable br As few molecules are able to diffuse through a lipid membrane ... only take place if it complies with basic thermodynamic principles. Membrane transport obeys physical laws that define its capabilities and therefore its biological utility. br A general principle of thermodynamics ... purposes, no gradient exists to drive transport. A membrane potential membrane electrical ... ZF Delta P math Where F is Faraday s constant and P the membrane potential in volts . If P is negative ... more details
Tectorial membrane can refer to Tectorial membrane cochlea Tectorial membrane axis disambig ca Membrana tect ria Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Periodontal membrane may refer to The periodontal ligament PDL , largely referred to as the periodontal membrane outside of the United States An artificial periodontal membrane , used to block the spread of growing epithelium after periodontal surgery. disambig ... more details
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