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Biographical dictionary





Encyclopedia results for Biographical dictionary

  1. Biographical dictionary

    Biographical dictionaries a type of encyclopedic dictionary limited to biographical information have been written in many languages. Many attempt to cover the major personalities of a country with limitations, such as living persons only, in Marquis Who s Who Who s Who , or deceased people only, in the Dictionary ... in a biographical dictionary should check the publication carefully. Warning signs include .... History The first biographical dictionaries were written in the Muslim world from the 9th century onwards. Citation needed reason see A Biographical Dictionary of Learned ... isbn 0415966906 page 110 ref List of biographical dictionaries International A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers Al Fihrist al Nadim Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 Who s Who in the World World Biographical Information System Online Australia Australian Dictionary of Biography Dictionary of Australian Biography Dictionary of Western Australians Dictionary of Australian Artists Online Canada Dictionary of Canadian Biography Canadian Who s Who , published by University ... Biographische Enzyklop die 1995 Great Britain A Biographical Dictionary of British coleopterists online at http www.coleopterist.org.uk The Coleopterist A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers British Biographical Index Chambers Biographical Dictionary Concise Dictionary of National Biography Dictionary of National Biography Dictionary of Welsh Biography Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ... field, such as architecture or engineering. The quality of biographical dictionaries varies ... segment of the population than that found in any other pre industrial society. The earliest biographical ... Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani 1925 Enciclopedia Biografica Universale New Zealand Dictionary ... s Cyclopedia of American Biography Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Encyclopedia ... Notes reflist Lexicography Category Biographical dictionaries Category Encyclopedias de Liste der ...   more details



  1. The Polish Biographical Dictionary

    Unreferenced date December 2009 The Polish Biographical Dictionary is a compact English language dictionary of Poland Polish biography, authored by Stanley S. Sokol and published by Bolchazy Carducci Publishers in 1992. It features nearly 900 biographies of important Poles since Duke Mieszko I in the 10th century. See also Polski slownik biograficzny , a multi volume Polish language biographical dictionary dictionary of biography DEFAULTSORT Polish Biographical Dictionary Category 1992 books Category Polish biographical dictionaries Bio book stub ...   more details



  1. A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers

    The book A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers , by John Marshall b. 1 May 1922 , summarises the lives of more than 600 engineers from Europe and North America. Each biographical entry is in summary form and concludes with a list of references. It includes an index, but no illustrations. A typical entry begins with the subject s birth and death dates, with places, and deals chronologically with the subject s railway career. Any writings by the subject are noted, and the concluding section gives page references to where the information came from, usually technical periodicals. The concluding index is of railway companies world wide and notes the engineers who worked for them. The second edition now covers 752 names. A review of it appears in Journal of Transport History , March 2004. http www.findarticles.com p articles mi qa3884 is 200403 ai n9394475 1978 edition pub. David & Charles , Newton Abbot. 252pp. ISBN 0 7153 7489 3 2003 edition pub. Railway and Canal Historical Society , Oxford. 206pp. ISBN 0 901461 22 9 Category 1978 books Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers Category 2003 books Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers Category People in rail transport Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers Category Locomotive builders and designers Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers Category Biographical dictionaries by topic Railway Engineers, Biographical Dictionary of ...   more details



  1. Russian Biographical Dictionary

    File Polovtsov by Kustodiev.jpg thumb right 200px Portrait of A.A. Polovtsov by Boris Kustodiev The Russian Biographical Dictionary RBD, lang ru is a Russian language biographical dictionary published by the Russian Historian Society edited by a collective with Alexander Polovtsov as the editor in chief . The dictionary was published in 25 volumes from 1896 to 1918 and considered as one of the most comprehensive Russian biographical sources for the 19th and early 20th century period. External links ru icon http www.rulex.ru xPol index.htm Online version bio book stub Russia stub Category Russian biographical dictionaries Category 1896 books Category Reference works in the public domain es Diccionario Biogr fico Ruso fr Dictionnaire biographique russe ru ...   more details



  1. Chambers Biographical Dictionary

    Refimprove date March 2009 Chambers Biographical Dictionary was first published in 1897 . The centenary edition ISBN 0 550 16060 4 was edited by Melanie Parry and the revised edition ISBN 0 550 18022 2 was edited by J O Thorne and T C Collocott. ref name CBD Chambers Biographical Dictionary ref The publishers, Chambers Harrap , who were formerly based in Edinburgh , claim their Biographical Dictionary is the most comprehensive and authoritative single volume biographical dictionary available, covering entries in such areas as sport, science, music, art, literature, politics, television, and film. The 1990 reprint is published by University Press, Cambridge. ref name CBD The centenary edition contained well over 17,500 alphabetically arranged articles describing the nationality, occupation, and achievements of each person, as well as 250 panels which focus on a wide variety of individuals regarded as being particularly important, influential, and interesting. Sources are given and there are thousands of suggestions for further reading. References reflist Category 1897 books Category British biographical dictionaries Category Scottish non fiction literature Category Series of books bio book stub ...   more details



  1. A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers

    A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland discusses the lives of the people who were concerned with building harbour s and lighthouse s, undertook fen drainage and improved river navigation s, built canal s, road s, bridge s and early railway s, and provided water supply facilities. Volume One, published in 2002, covers the years from 1500 to 1830, while Volume Two, published in 2008, covers 1830 to 1890. The principal editor of the first volume was Professor Alec Skempton A. W. Skempton , and the entries were written by a number of specialist historians. An 18 page introduction in the first volume discusses the practice of civil engineer ing from 1500 1830. The work concludes with appendices discussing wages, costs and inflation, a chronology of major civil engineering works, and indices of places and names. Volume Two s introduction discusses the practice of civil engineering from 1830 1890. See also List of civil engineers References Skempton, A. W., et al., eds. Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers, Volume 1, 1500 1830. 2002. London Thomas Telford on behalf of the Institution of Civil Engineers . 897pp, ISBN 0 7277 2939 X Cross Rudkin, P. S. M. et al., eds. Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers, Volume 2, 1830 1890. 2008. London Thomas Telford on behalf of the Institution of Civil Engineers . 907pp, ISBN 978 0 7277 3504 1 DEFAULTSORT Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers Category 2002 books Category Biographical dictionaries by topic Civil Engineers, Biographical Dictionary of Category Civil engineering Civil engineering stub Ref book stub ...   more details



  1. Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians

    Baker s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians is a biographical dictionary of musician s. The first edition of Baker s , under the title A Biographical Dictionary of Musicians , was published in 1900 by Theodore Baker it has since gone through nine editions. The 5th edition of 1958, 8th edition of 1992, and 9th edition of 2001 were major rewrites and expansions. The 5th edition was rewritten by new editor Nicolas Slonimsky , who would remain editor for several decades through the 8th edition in 1992 and have a considerable influence on the style and content of the dictionary. In preparing the 5th edition, Slonimsky expanded the size of the work to 1,855 pages , and undertook a thorough review of the existing entries, expending considerable effort verifying and correcting biographical details such as birth and death dates by reference to archival sources. The 8th edition of 1992 revised 1,300 entries and added 1,100 new ones, coming to 2,115 pages, with an emphasis on expanding coverage of female and Asian musicians, multimedia composers, performance art performance artists , and ethnomusicology ethnomusicologists . The 9th edition of 2001, billed the Centennial Edition , was the first not to be a single volume work, taking up six volumes, partly due to expanded coverage and partly due to somewhat more generous formatting to improve readability. The 9th edition included a focus on increasing coverage of popular music popular and jazz music . References cite journal author Bonna J. Boettcher title Book Review Baker s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. Centennial edition journal Notes volume 58 issue 3 year 2002 pages pp. 544 547 cite encyclopedia editor Scott E. Kennedy title 1398 Baker s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians encyclopedia Reference Sources for Small and Medium Sized Libraries pages p. 218 year 1999 publisher American Library Association ALA Editions isbn ... 1900 at archive.org , ed. Theodore Baker scan and full text Category Biographical dictionaries by topic ...   more details



  1. The New Biographical Dictionary of Film

    Infobox book name The New Biographical Dictionary of Film, Fourth Edition title orig translator image ... 57691971 preceded by A Biographical Dictionary of Film, Third Edition followed by The New Biographical Dictionary of Film, Fifth Edition The New Biographical Dictionary of Film is a reference book written ... & Warburg Ltd in 1975 under the title Biographical Dictionary of Cinema. ref name biographical dictionary Cite book last Thomson first David title A Biographical Dictionary of the Cinema work publisher ... thirty years, David Thomson s Biographical Dictionary of Film has been not merely the finest ... title The New Biographical Dictionary of Film Fourth Edition work publisher Random House date November ... film series Mission Impossibles put a greater load on things that might be. ref name Biographical Dictionary 4 Cite book last Thomson first David title The New Biographical Dictionary of Film Fourth ... 2010 07 08 ref History The Martin Secker & Warburg Ltd published first edition the 600 page Biographical Dictionary of Cinema ref name biographical dictionary &mdash was followed by Biographical Dictionary of Film, published by William Morrow & Co in June, 1980 ref name amazon 2 Cite web last Thomson first David authorlink coauthors title Biographical Dictionary of Film Second Edition work publisher William Morrow & Co date url http www.amazon.com Biographical Dictionary Film David Thomson ... A Biographical Dictionary of Film would be released on November 17, 1994, by Andre Deutsch Ltd . 328 ... amazon 3 Cite web last Thomson first David authorlink coauthors title A Biographical Dictionary of Film ... filmmaker and film buff must own. ref name biographical dictionary 5 Cite web last Thomson first David authorlink coauthors title A Biographical Dictionary of Film Fifth Edition work publisher ... doi accessdate 2010 07 07 ref Although it looks very much like a dictionary or encyclopedia, each of the book s approximately 5,000 brief biographical sketches is highly subjective a typical entry ...   more details



  1. Watkins Biographical Dictionary

    Watkins s Biographical Dictionary , also called The Universal Biographical Dictionary , was originally published in 1800, with a second edition in 1825, as An Historical Account of the lives, characters and works of the most eminent persons in every age and nation, from the earliest times to the present . It was compiled by John Watkins writer John Watkins , LL.D., and published by Longman , Rees Orme, Brown and Green. Entry on Hume The dictionary is notable for its entry on the philosopher David Hume , which notes that he published the Treatise in London in 1738, but its reception not answering his expectations, he printed a small analysis of it, in a sixpenny pamphlet, to make it sell . Because the pamphlet A Treatise of Human Nature Abstract An Abstract of the Treatise of Human Nature was published anonymously, it is not known how the author of the article came by this information. Norman Kemp Smith has speculated that the firm of Longman s, who published both Watkin s dictionary, and volume III of the A Treatise of Human Nature , was the channel through which the tradition of Hume s authorship of the Abstract was preserved ref Norman Kemp Smith, Mind 1938 ref . Notes reflist References More footnotes date January 2010 Biography writing lives By Catherine Neal Parke New Books , Norman Kemp Smith , Mind journal Mind 1938 XLVII 188 522 524, An Abstract of a Book lately Published Entitled, A Treatise of Human Nature, &c. Wherein the Chief Argument of that Book is farther Illustrated and Explained , London, 1740 . The Authorship of the Abstract Revisited David Raynor, Hume Studies , Volume XIX, Number 1 April, 1993 213 215 http www.humesociety.org hs issues v19n1 raynor raynor v19n1.pdf . Category Biographical dictionaries Category British biographical dictionaries Category 1800 books ...   more details



  1. Polish Biographical Dictionary

    about a 46 volume Polish language biographical dictionary a one volume English language Polish biography dictionary The Polish Biographical Dictionary Polski s ownik biograficzny PSB Polish Biographical Dictionary is a Polish language Polish language biographical dictionary , comprising an alphabetically arranged compilation of authoritative biographies of some 25,000 notable Poles and of foreigners who have been active in Poland famous as well as less well known persons, from Popiel , Piast Ko odziej and Mieszko I , at the dawn of Polish history, to persons who died in the year 2000. The Dictionary, published incrementally since 1935, is a work in progress. Its completion is expected about 2030. The PSB is, by its own assessment, at present... one of the world s leading biographical publications ... contributed to the Dictionary. Most of its contents are available only in paper form. Though not a comprehensive source on all notable Poles, the Dictionary is substantial and well respected. Brock et al. write that the Polish Biographical Dictionary is one of the major achievements of the humanities ... partition Polish state ... . Therefore the dictionary is not a biographical dictionary of Poles, but rather a Polish biographical dictionary, including entries on prominent foreigners who lived in the country ... 20Szeliga 20Franciszek, 20PSB 20195 Zeszyt 195 T.47 4 ref The Dictionary s current 47 volumes well ... ref While Second Polish Republic prewar Polish governments had little influence on Dictionary editorial ... during Poland s World War II occupation by Nazi Germany and during the Stalinism Stalinist period . The Dictionary ... and National Heritage Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego . The Dictionary had been founded ... Lepszy . In 1964, after the Dictionary had grown by an additional three volumes through Pawe Jarosi ski .... Since 2003, the Dictionary s editor has been Andrzej Romanowski . The PSB team estimates they will end ... PSB entry Category 1935 books Category Polish biographical dictionaries de Polski S ownik Biograficzny ...   more details



  1. A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature

    File A short biographical dictionary of English literature, title 2.jpeg thumb right Title page wikisource A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature is a collection of biography biographies of writers by John William Cousin 1849 1910 , published in 1910. Most of the entries consist of only one paragraph but some entries, like William Shakespeare s, are quite lengthy. ref s A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature , John William Cousin 1849 1910 , published in 1910 ref The book was the 5,000th e book to be provided by the Distributed Proofreaders project, to Project Gutenberg , released on August 21, 2004. References reflist External links gutenberg no 13240 name A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature http www.archive.org search.php?query title 3A 22A 20Short 20Biographical 20Dictionary 20of 20English 20Literature 22 A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature at Internet Archive scanned books original editions A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature DEFAULTSORT Short Biographical Dictionary Of English Literature, A Category 1910 books Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature Category Wikipedia articles incorporating text from A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature Category English dictionaries Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature bio book stub ...   more details



  1. List of names in A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Rationalists

    Joseph McCabe published A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Rationalists in 1920 London Watts & Co. . Most though not all of the individuals therein were later also included in A Biographical Dictionary of Ancient, Medieval and Modern Freethinkers 1945 Expand list date February 2011 A Firmin Abauzit ABOUZIT, Firmin Ernst Karl Abbe ABBE, Professor Ernst Francis Ellingwood Abbot ABBOT, Francis E. George Frederick Abbott ABBOTT, George F. , B.A. Leonard Dalton Abbott ABBOTT, Leonard D. Edmond Fran ois Valentin About ABOUT, Edmond Thomas Achelis ACHELIS, Thomas Louise Victorine Ackermann ACKERMANN, Louise V. Emile Acollas ACOLLAS, Professor E. Uriel da Costa ACOSTA, Uriel Charles Adam philoospher ADAM, Professor Charles , D. es L. Charles Francis Adams, Jr. ADAMS, Charles Francis Francis Adams writer ADAMS, Francis W. L. John Adams ADAMS, John , President of the United States Robert Adams Canadian writer ADAMS, Robert Robert Adamson philosopher ADAMSON, Professor Robert , Ph.D. Arthur St. John Adcock ADCOCK, A. St. John Erich Adickes ADICKES, Professor E. , Ph.D. Felix Adler Society for Ethical Culture ADLER, Professor Felix , Ph.D. Heinrich Ahrens AHRENS, Professor Heinrich , Ph.D. Thomas Aikenhead AIKENHEAD, Thomas George Biddell Airy AIRY, Sir George B. , K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S. Leo Aitzema AITZEMA, Lieuwe van John Albee ALBEE, John Amos Bronson Alcott ALCOTT, Amos Bronson Jean le Rond d Alembert ALEMBERT, Jean le Rond d Vittorio Alfieri ALFIERI, Count V. Francesco Algarotti ALGAROTTI, Count F. Thomas Clifford Allbutt ALLBUTT, Sir Thomas C. , K.C.B., M.A., M.D., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S. Grant Allen ALLEN, Grant, B.A. Ethan Allen ALLEN, Colonel Ethan John Allen historian ALLEN, John . M.D. William Allingham ALLINGHAM, William George Johnston Allman ALLMAN, Professor G. J. , LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S. Thomas Allsop ALLSOP, Thomas Jean Jacques Altmeyer ALTMEYER, Professor J. J ... Luigi Category Lists of people Names in A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Rationalists Category Rationalists ...   more details



  1. Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890

    Infobox book name Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 title orig translator image include the file and the image size image caption author Philip Rees illustrator cover artist country United States language English series subject genre publisher Simon & Schuster pub date 1990 english pub date media type pages 418 isbn 0 13 089301 3 oclc dewey congress preceded by followed by The Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 is a reference book by Philip Rees , on leading people in the various far right movements since 1890. It contains entries for what the author regards as the 500 major figures on the radical right, extreme right, and revolutionary right from 1890 to the present publisher s blurb . It was published, as a 418 page hardcover, in New York by Simon & Schuster in 1990 ISBN 0 13 089301 3 . In the introduction Rees discusses his criterion for inclusion in the book. He describes the extreme right as opposed to parliamentary forms of democratic representation and hostile to pluralism. xvii Among those it covers are Argentinian nationalists, Mexican sinarquistas , American Nativism politics nativist demagogue s , Brazilian Integralists , German Nazism National Socialists , Portuguese National Syndicalists , Spanish Falangists , and Belgian Rexists . NOTOC A A B B C C D D E E F F G G H H I I J J K K L L M M N N O O P P Q Q R R S S T T U U V V W W X X Y Y Z Z Entries A flagicon Mexico Salvador Abascal ABASCAL, Salvador 1910 2000 Leading member of the National Synarchist Union . Flagicon Nazi Germany Otto Abetz ABETZ, Otto 1903 1958 Nazi German ambassador. Flagicon Kingdom of Italy Giacomo Acerbo ACERBO, Giacomo 1888 1969 Fascist economist. flagicon Spain Jos Mar a Albi ana ALBI ANA Y SANZ, Jos Maria 1883 1936 Nationalist politician. Flagicon Kingdom of Italy Dino Alfieri ALFIERI, Dino 1886 1966 Fascist politician. flagicon Palestine Amin al Husayni AL HUSAYNI, Muhammad Amin, Mufti of Jerusalem aka Al Hajj Amin 1895 1974 Pro Nazi ...   more details



  1. The Biographical Dictionary of British Quakers in Commerce and Industry 1775-1920

    The Biographical Dictionary of British Quakers in Commerce and Industry 1775 1920 , by Edward H. Milligan , ref name Milligan2007 includes entries for some 2,800 people, arranged alphabetically. The last page is numbered 606. Author The author is the former Librarian and Archivist of Meeting for Sufferings of Britain Yearly Meeting , who was responsible for the Library at Friends House, London and the co operative biography project with two Quaker colleges in the United States. The author received the 2009 Besterman McColvin Award for this work. ref name TheFriendJune2009 Indices The work includes the following indices Illustrations copious black and white Occupations Places Arranged by County and Town Apprentice masters Schools attended Other introductory and explanatory matter The prelims xviii pages Prologue The Quaker background Entry arrangement a somewhat lengthy explanation, but highly relevant Abbreviations. The appendices The Quaker calendar Editions of the Book of Discipline Quaker United Kingdom Book of Discipline of London Yearly Meeting Britain Yearly Meeting. Queries and general advices Regional and local area structure United Kingdom Census 1851 Census of attendance at Meetings 1851 York apprentices Friends Provident directors an outsider s view Glossary Mini essays on 50 Quakerese terms and issues, such as the Beacon Controversy, The Contagious Diseases Acts, Disownment ... works of reference. ref DEFAULTSORT Biographical Dictionary Of British Quakers In Commerce And Industry 1775 1920, The Category 2007 books Category British Quakers Category Biographical dictionaries by topic Category British biographical dictionaries Category British Quaker texts Category ... envisages the setting up of a revision committee for this work . The entries The Dictionary shows many ... ref name Milligan2007 Cite book last Milligan first Edward H authorlink Edward H. Milligan title The Biographical Dictionary of British Quakers in Commerce and Industry 1775 1920 publisher William Sessions ...   more details



  1. Dictionary

    semiprotected small yes Other uses Selfref 1 For Wikimedia s dictionary project visit span class plainlinks ... thumb 250px A multi volume Latin dictionary by Egidio Forcellini . A dictionary also called a wordbook ..., pronunciations, and other information ref name Web1 Webster s New World College Dictionary, Fourth ... as a lexicon . ref name Web1 According to Sandro Nielsen Nielsen 2008 a dictionary may be regarded ... between the data so that they can meet the needs of users and fulfill the functions of the dictionary ... in the above distinction, for instance bilingual dictionary bilingual translation dictionaries , dictionaries of synonyms thesaurus thesauri , or rhyming dictionaries. The word dictionary unqualified is usually understood to refer to a monolingual general purpose dictionary. ref name Sintro Sterkenburg ... name Sintro The birth of the new discipline was not without controversy, the practical dictionary makers ... in Ebla modern Syria and dated roughly 2300 Common Era BCE . ref name imlqdg cite web title Dictionary ... wordlists. A Chinese dictionary , the ca. 3rd century BCE Erya , was the earliest surviving monolingual dictionary, although some sources cite the ca. 800 BCE Shizhoupian as a dictionary , modern ... surviving Homeric lexicon. ref name imlqdg The first Sanskrit dictionary, the Amarako a, was written ... Shoki , the first Japanese dictionaries Early Japanese lexicography Japanese dictionary was the long lost 682 CE Niina glossary of Chinese characters. The oldest existing Japanese dictionary ... dictionary of Arabic and al Qamus al Muhit 14th c. listed words in the alphabetical order of the radicals. The Qamus al Muhit is the first handy dictionary in Arabic, which includes only words and their definitions ... English Dictionary . ref m s , J. Eckmann, Encyclopaedia of Islam , 2nd ed., Brill ref The earliest ... by Henry George Liddell and Robert Scott appeared in 1843 this work remained the basic dictionary ... in 1998. Also in 1863 Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl published the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great ...   more details



  1. Biographical novel

    Unreferenced date January 2007 The biographical novel is a genre of novel which provides a fictional and usually entertaining account of a person s life. Citation needed date June 2007 This kind of novel concentrates on the experiences a person had during his lifetime, the people he met and the incidents which occurred are detailed and sometimes trimmings are done to give it the appearance of a novel. Names and accounts may be changed as and when necessary. A very good example of this kind is Goldsmith s The Vicar of Wakefield and is believed to be the biography of a person the author had known and observed very closely. Even Addison s The Spectator is said to have characters he had known. Noted biographical novels The Agony and the Ecstasy novel The Agony and the Ecstasy 1961 by Irving Stone Michelangelo Films based on biographical novels The Agony and the Ecstasy film The Agony and the Ecstasy 1965 See also portal Novels Biopic Biography in literature Historical novel DEFAULTSORT Biographical Novel Category Literary genres Category Biographical novels Lit stub fa sl Biografski roman th ...   more details



  1. Biographical criticism

    1779 81 was possibly the first thorough going exercise in biographical criticism. ref http encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com criticism ref Biographical criticism is a form of Literary theory Literary ... and their works of literature. ref Biographical Criticism Anal criticism that shows the relationship ... A Defense of Biographical Criticism College Literature 16 29 pp. 107 116, page 108 ref Biographical criticism is often associated with Historical Biographical criticism , ref http muse.jhu.edu ... of the Poets 1779 81 was the first thorough going exercise in biographical criticism, the attempt to relate a writer s background and life to his works. ref Like any critical methodology, biographical ... . Hence 19th century biographical criticism came under disapproval by the so called New Critics of the 1920s, who coined the term biographical fallacy ref Lees, Francis Noel 1967 The Keys Are at the Palace ..., biographical criticism remained a significant mode of literary inquiry throughout the 20th century ... A Defense of Biographical Criticism College Literature 16 29 pp. 107 116, page 108 ref Walt Whitman ... Whitman and New Biographical Criticism College Literature 30 1 pp. 161 168 ref and William Shakespeare ..., 395 ref Peripatetic biographical criticism In The Cambridge history of literary criticism Classical criticism , in a chapter titled Peripatetic Biographical Criticism , George Alexander Kennedy notes ... and biographical criticism can do best, discovering an author as a unique individual, a discovery ... an author s writings. ref Benson, Jackson J. 1989 Steinbeck A Defense of Biographical Criticism College Literature 16 29 pp. 107 116, page 108 ref Connections to Other Modes of Criticism Biographical ... in specific historical and biographical contexts from which they are generated. Biographical ... of the contexts in which the work was created. Biographical criticism stands in ambiguous relationship ... of the particular conditions of its genesis. Assessments of Biographical criticism and Literary ...   more details



  1. Biographical film

    . The case was settled out of court. Roger Ebert defended the The Hurricane and distortions in biographical ... romanticised. Casting can be controversial for biographical films. Some felt that Anthony Hopkins ... needed date June 2010 See also Biographical novel Biography in literature List of biographical films References references Film genres Filmsbygenre DEFAULTSORT Biographical Film Category Film genres Category Biographical films az Bioqrafik film ca Cinema biogr fic de Filmbiografie es Pel cula biogr fica ... ru simple Biographical movie sh Biografski film fi El m kertaelokuva sv Biografisk ...   more details



  1. Biographical fallacy

    The biographical fallacy is a term used in cultural criticism to critique the view that works of creative art, literature or music can be interpreted as reflections of the life of their authors. ref name winslow cite book last Winslow first Donald J. authorlink Donald James Winslow title Life writing a glossary of terms in biography, autobiography, and related forms publisher University of Hawaii Press location Honolulu date 1995 edition 2 page 7 ref Along with the intentional fallacy , the term was introduced by exponents of the New Criticism who wished to emphasise that artworks should be interpreted and assessed as constructed artefacts rather than expressions of the emotions of specific individuals. The term is thus used to criticize the school of literary interpretation called Biographical criticism . The argument arose from the increasing tendency of critics during the 19th century to view artworks in terms of the life experiences of their creators, whether their personal lives, or the wider historical conditions represented in the artist s world view, a claim associated with critics such as Hippolyte Taine . ref Wolfenstein, Martha, The Social Background of Taine s Philosophy of Art, Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 5, No. 3. 1944 , 335. ref This position ref was referred to as a fallacy on the grounds that it neglected both the purely imaginative aspects of the arts and their reliance on formal conventions and rules of genre . Thus James M. Thomas writes of the fallacy applied to drama that, blockquote This type of approach distances itself from the play and goes instead into the playwright s biography to find people, places and things that seem to be similar .... ref blockquote Robert S. Miola, Professor of English at Loyola College in Maryland, discusses the biographical ... bones 8 ref blockquote Others consider the term offensive and defend biographical criticism ... a chapter to defending biographical criticism. ref Wegelin, Christof 1963 Jamesian Biography Nineteenth ...   more details



  1. Biographical evaluation

    Hadith2 Biographical evaluation , lang ar ilm al rij l , literally knowledge of men , refers to a discipline of Islam ic religious studies within hadith terminology in which the narrators of hadith are evaluated. Its goal is to distinguish Hadith terminology Sahih authentic hadith from hadith Hadith terminology Da if unacceptable in establishing sanctioned religious knowledge or practice. ref name Muqaddimah 101 Muqadimah Ibn al Salah , by Ibn al Salah, edited by Aishah bint Abd al Rahman, pg. 101, Dar al Ma arif , Cairo. ref Ilm ar rijal is synonymous with what is commonly referred to as al Jar wa al Ta d l the criticism and declared acceptance of hadith narrators. tag ref Al al Suyuti Suy mentioned in the chapter of Tadrib al Rawi entitled Recognizing the trustworthy, reliable narrators and those who are weak and unreliable al Jar wa al Ta d l is permissible... ref name tadrib group footnote ref name tadrib Tadrib al Rawi , vol. 2, pg. 495, Dar al Asimah , first edition, 2003. ref Significance quote box quote Ali ibn al Madini , an early authority on the subject, said, Knowing the narrators is half of knowledge. ref name Siyar al Alam width 29 align right In his Introduction to the Science of Hadith , Ibn al Salah , a renowned hadith specialist, explained the importance of the study of hadith narrators. Introducing the chapter entitled, Recognizing the trustworthy, reliable narrators and those who are weak and unreliable, Ibn al Salah said, This is from the most distinguished and noble types of hadith study as it results in recognizing the authenticity of a hadith or its weakness. ref name Muqaddimah 654 5 Muqadimah Ibn al Salah , by Ibn al Salah, published with Muhasin al Istilah by al Bulqini, edited by Aishah bint Abd al Rahman, pg. 654, Dar al Ma ... 654 5 Stressing the importance of biographical evaluation, Ali ibn al Madini , an early authority on the subject ... verse established a general principal in biographical evaluation ref name Ilm R 18 20 Oh you who believe ...   more details



  1. Dictionary (disambiguation)

    wiktionarypar dictionary A dictionary is a list of words and their meanings. Dictionary may also refer to Biographical dictionary Encyclopedic dictionary , sometimes titled Dictionary of... for example Data dictionary , a set of metadata that contains definitions and representations of data elements a read only set of database tables and database views Associative array , a specific type of Set computer science Dictionary attack , a technique to determine a password Dictionary software , a dictionary included in Mac OS X v10.4 and later. Dictionary game , a party game in which the object of the game is be the first player to guess the meaning of an obscure word chosen from a dictionary. disambig de Dictionary id Kamus disambiguasi fr Dictionnaire homonymie zh ...   more details



  1. A Dictionary of Hymnology

    A Dictionary of Hymnology Origin and History of Christian Hymns and Hymnwriters of All Ages and Nations, Together with Biographical and Critical Notices of Their Authors and Translators by John D. Julian , first published in 1892, is a standard historical reference for early Christian hymns , with more than 40,000 entries. ref Hawn, C. Michael Hawn. Gather Into One Praying and Singing Globally . Grand Rapids Eerdmans, 2003 ref The work contains biographical and historical notes about the history of hymns and hymn writers. It is not a collection of hymn texts or hymn tune s, though brief quotations and references are included. Originally published in 1892 in London by John Murray publisher John Murray and in New York by Charles Scribner s Sons , it was reprinted in 1907 1908 by John Murray, in 1957 by Dover Publications in two volumes and in 1985 by Kregel Publications. It was not revised after 1902, but remains an important source for early Christian hymns, such as Latin ones. ref Nutter, Charles S. and Wilbur F. Tillett. The Hymns and Hymn Writers of the Church . New York The Methodist Book Concern, 1911 ref References reflist External links http books.google.com books?id aBDpAAAAIAAJ A Dictionary of Hymnology on Google Books DEFAULTSORT Dictionary of Hymnology Category 1892 books Category 19th century Christian texts Category Hymn writers Category 1892 in religion Christian book stub ...   more details



  1. Chambers Dictionary

    http www.chambersharrap.co.uk chambers index.shtml The Chambers Dictionary http www.chambersharrap.co.uk chambers features chref chref.py main Consult Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, The Chambers Thesaurus or Chambers Biographical Dictionary http www.crosswordman.com chambers.html Chambers Dictionary ...The Chambers Dictionary TCD was first published by Chambers Journal of Literature, Science and Arts W. and R. Chambers as Chambers s English Dictionary in 1872. It was an expanded version of Chambers s Etymological Dictionary of 1867, compiled by James Donald. A second edition came out in 1898, and was followed in 1901 by a new compact edition called Chambers s Twentieth Century Dictionary . ref Words, wit and wisdom 100 years of the Chambers dictionary , compiled by Ian Brookes, Jamie Nathan and Hazel Norris. Edinburgh Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2001. ISBN 0 550 10015 6 ref TCD is widely used by British crossword solvers and setters, and by Scrabble players though it is no longer the official Scrabble dictionary . It contains many more dialect al, archaic, unconventional and eccentric words than its rivals, and is noted for its occasional wryly humorous definitions. Examples of such definitions include those for clair pastry clair a cake, long in shape but short in duration and middle ... Dictionary was published in August 2011 by Chambers Harrap Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd .... Also on sale is the smaller 21st Century Dictionary of 1664 pages, where the focus is on the English that people use today, and definitions are given in straightforward, accessible language . This dictionary can be accessed for free online. In an agreement with Mattel the Chambers dictionary was also .... In 2005 Mattel changed the source dictionary to Collins English Dictionary Collins . See ... the chambers 21st century dictionary.php Chambers 21st Century Dictionary Dictionaries of English ... fr Chambers Dictionary ...   more details



  1. Encyclopedic dictionary

    , which was organized alphabetically, as with the familiar dictionary . The term dictionary preceded ... were titled or sub titled a dictionary of arts and sciences or something similar. However ... dictionary dictionaries and encyclopedia s, there are important distinctions as well A dictionary is primarily ... to a dictionary, the encyclopedic dictionary offers a more complete description and a choice of entries selected to convey a range of knowledge. Compared to an encyclopedia, the encyclopedic dictionary ... affected the publisher s selection of a title. History The encyclopedic dictionary evolved from the dictionary ... dictionary of Arts and Sciences it was the first English language, alphabetically ordered collection ... cases, substantially revised the organization of the encyclopedic dictionary to create the early ... dictionary of the nineteenth century was the 7 volume in 14 eponymous work by Robert Hunter ... as the mass circulation Lloyd s Encyclopaedic Dictionary. Hunter was assisted by Henry Scherren and a small team of domestic assistants at his house in Loughton . In the USA, the dictionary was reissued ... encyclopedia Cyclopaedia, or Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences by Ephraim Chambers Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe si cle by Pierre Larousse The Century Dictionary Sanas Cormaic , a 9th or 10th century Irish encyclopedic and etymological dictionary Further reading Sandro Nielsen The Effect of Lexicographical Information Costs on Dictionary Making and Use . In Lexikos 18 2008, 170 189 ...   more details



  1. Grove's dictionary

    Grove s dictionary may refer to The Grove Dictionary of Art The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians , The New Grove Dictionary of Opera The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments , 1984 The New Grove Dictionary of American Music 4 volumes , 1986, with 1000 entries on composers and 2500 on performers disambig ...   more details




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