unreferenced date June 2008 In archaeology, a biofact or ecofact is an object, found at an archaeological site and carrying archaeological significance, but previously unhanded by humans. A common type of biofact is a plant seed . A seed can be linked to the species of plant that produced it if massive numbers of seeds of an edible species are found at a site, it may be inferred that that species was being grown for food there. Another type of biofact is an uncarved wooden roof beam. Dendrochronology Dendrochronological analysis of some wood samples can help to determine the date during which a site was occupied. Yet another example of a biofact is a bone . archaeology stub Category Methods and principles in archaeology el fi Ekofakti ... more details
unreferenced date June 2008 In biology, a biofact is dead material of a once living organism. In 1943, the protozoologist Bruno M. Klein of Vienna 1891 1968 coined the term in his article Biofakt und Artefakt in the microscopy journal Mikrokosmos , though at that time it was not adopted by the scientific community. Klein s concept of biofact stressed the dead materials produced by living organisms as sheaths, such as shells. In 1993, the word biofact is now widely used in the zoo aquarium world, but was first used in the Education Department at the New England Aquarium, Boston, to refer to preserved items such as animal bones, skins, molts and eggs. The Accreditation Standards and Related Policies of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums states that biofacts can be useful education tools, and are preferable to live animals because of potential ethical considerations. Category Biology terminology biology stub ... more details
In philosophy , sociology and the arts , the word biofact is a Portmanteau hybrid between an Cultural artifact artifact and Organism living being , or between concepts of nature and technology . It was introduced as a neologism in 2001 by the German philosopher Nicole C. Karafyllis and fuses the words Artifact philosophy artifact and Life bios . ref Nicole C. Karafyllis Biologisch, nat rlich, nachhaltig. Philosophische Aspekte des Naturzugangs im 21. Jahrhundert. Tuebingen A. Francke Publisher chap. 6 ref The word biofact first appeared in a German article entitled Biofakt und Artefakt in 1943, written by the Austrian protozoologist Bruno M. Klein. ref Bruno Maria Klein Artefakt und Biofakt, in Mikrokosmos 1943 44 ref Addressing both microscopy and philosophy, Klein named a Biofact biology biofact something that is a visible dead product emerging from a living being while this being is still alive e.g. a shell . References reflist Literature Nicole C. Karafyllis ed. Biofakte Versuch ber den Menschen zwischen Artefakt und Lebewesen . Paderborn, Mentis 2003 in German . Nicole C. Karafyllis Biofakte Grundlagen, Probleme, Perspektiven . Discussion Unit in the journal Deliberation Knowledge Ethics Erwaegen Wissen Ethik , Vol. 17, Nr. 4 2006 . in German with English abstracts Nicole C. Karafyllis Growth of Biofacts the real thing or metaphor? . In R. Heil, A. Kaminski, M. Stippack, A. Unger and M. Ziegler Ed. Tensions and Convergences. Technological and Aesthetic Trans Formations of Society. Bielefeld 2007 . 141 152. in English Nicole C. Karafyllis Endogenous Design of Biofacts. Tissues and Networks in Bio Art and Life Science . In sk interfaces. Exploding borders creating membranes in art, technology and society. Ed. by Jens Hauser. Liverpool University of Liverpool Press European Ed. 2008 , 42 58. in English External links http www.biofact.com Biofact.com Category Philosophical concepts philosophy stub ... more details
orphan date May 2009 Biofacticity is a philosophical concept that allows to identify a living object as a so called Biofact philosophy biofact , i.e. a semi natural living entitiy in which has been biotechnically interfered during its life span, e.g. transgenic plants or cloned organisms. Biofacticity is an epistemological and ontological term that reflects upon the anthropological term of hybridity . The latter deals with the self definition of subjects rather than objects. In philosophy , sociology and the arts , a biofact stands in close relation to the anthropological concept of the human being a composite of nature and technology . Biofact philosophy Biofact was introduced to philosophy as a neologism in 2001 by the German philosopher Nicole C. Karafyllis and fuses the words Artifact philosophy artifact and bios . One of Karafyllis thesis is that a technical change in living objects, i.e. an increase in biofacticity, will shift the anthropological concept of hybridity towards a technological self definition of the human. Bibliography Nicole C. Karafyllis. Biofakte Versuch ber den Menschen zwischen Artefakt und Lebewesen . Paderborn Mentis 2003 in German philosophy stub Category Philosophy of biology ... more details
phase Archaeological plan Archaeological record Archaeological sequence Biofact archaeology Biofact Colluvium Cropmarks Cultural resources management Cut archaeology Cut Dark earth Dating ... more details
is a biofact, but a bone carved into a useful implement is an artifact. Similarly there can be debate ... ethics Art Object Assemblage archaeology Assemblage Biofact biology Dating methodology archaeology ... more details
merge Social artifact date December 2010 A cultural artifact is a term used in the social sciences, particularly anthropology , ref cite book url http books.google.com books?id 4SIXk2bp5u8C&pg PP1&dq The pragmalinguistic analysis of narrative texts&lr &as brr 0 v onepage&q &f false title The pragmalinguistic analysis of narrative texts author Richard J. Watts isbn 9783878084433 year 1981 publisher Gunter Narr Verlag ref ethnology , ref cite book url http books.google.com books?lr &as brr 0&q warrabarna kaurna &btnG Search Books title Warrabarna Kaurna author Rob Amery ref and sociology Citation needed date September 2009 for anything created by humans which gives information about the culture of its creator and users. the article should be expanded, and this sentence would be a good start, but it just is not clear enough without rewriting or explanation The artifact may change over time in what it represents, how it appears and how and why it is used as the culture changes over time. Usage of this term encompasses the type of Artifact archaeology archaeological artifact which is recovered at archaeological site s however, current objects of modern or near modern society are also cultural artifacts. For example, in an anthropological context, a 17th Century lathe or piece of faience , and a television all provide a wealth of information about the time in which they were manufactured and used. Cultural artifacts can provide knowledge about technological processes, economy and social makeup, and a host of other subjects. See also Social artifact Biofact archaeology Biofact Mentifact Art object References references External links sep entry artifact Artifact Risto Hilpinen DEFAULTSORT Cultural Artifact Category Anthropology Category Museology Category Cultural heritage Artifact culture stub socio stub de Kulturartefakt pt Artefacto cultural ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The archaeological sequence or sequence for short, on a specific archaeological site can be defined on two levels of rigour. Normally it is adequate to equate it to archaeological record . However, the two terms are not exactly interchangeable. The term Archaeological record is broader in its meaning and can be applied to Artifact archaeology artifacts and other evidence such as Biofact archaeology Biofact s and Manuport s as well as to the stratigraphy of a site. Also, the terms Archaeological sequence and Archaeological stratigraphy are closely related and somewhat interchangeable. These colloquial uses of the term are normal in conversation but The term sequence when narrowly defined, and used in a serious piece of writing, refers to the stratigraphy of a given site or any discrete part of the archaeological record as revealed by Stratification archaeology stratification . It is a succession of Archaeological context s, such that the relationships between them create the sequence chronologically by virtue of their stratigraphic Relationship archaeology relationships . In other words, the events causing the stratigraphic contexts to be deposited happened one after another, in an order which can be determined from study of the several archaeological context contexts . It is this sequence of events which is the archaeological sequence . See also Archaeological record Archaeological field survey Archaeological context Archaeological plan Archaeological association Relationship archaeology Cut archaeology Archaeological section Feature archaeology Single context recording Harris matrix Excavation archaeology Dating methodology archaeology Reverse stratigraphy Commons category Archaeology DEFAULTSORT Archaeological Sequence Category Methods and principles in archaeology Archaeology stub ... more details
Nicole C. Karafyllis 1970 in L dinghausen , Westfalia , Germany , is a German Greek philosophy philosopher and biology biologist . She received a doctorate at the University of T bingen in 1999 at the Center for Ethics in the Sciences and Humanities. Her Habilitation in philosophy was completed at the University of Stuttgart in 2006, dealing with the topic Phenomenology of Growth. Philosophy and scientific History of productive Life between Nature and Technology. Since 1998 she has been working at the Goethe University , Frankfurt am Main , Germany. In 2007 she has been a Visiting Professor for Applied Philosophy of Science at Vienna University Austria . In summer 2008, she moved to the United Arab Emirates to become Full Professor of Philosophy at the United Arab Emirates University UAEU . In fall 2010 she will be senior research fellow of the International Centre for Cultural Studies IFK in Vienna Austria . Her philosophical fields of work are Phenomenology philosophy phenomenology , anthropology , bioethics , philosophy of technology , philosophy of science , history of science , technology assessment , in which she develops a theory of biofacticity . She introduced the term Biofact philosophy biofact in philosophy in 2001, to stress the shitting borders between the concepts of nature , biology and technology . Other main topics of her work are the philosophy of plants , situated in a phenomenology of wiktionary growth growth , and the philosophy of emotions in light of the neurosciences. Selected publications Books in German Karafyllis, N.C. 2000 . Nachwachsende Rohstoffe Technikbewertung zwischen den Leitbildern Wachstum und Nachhaltigkeit. Opladen Leske Budrich. Awarded with the Franzke Prize for Technology and Responsibility of the TU Berlin 2001. Karafyllis, N.C. 2001 . Biologisch, nat rlich, nachhaltig. Philosophische Aspekte des Naturzugangs im 21. Jahrhundert. T bingen Basel A. Francke. Karafyllis, N.C. und Schmidt, J.C. ed. 2002 . Zug nge zur Rationalit ... more details
No footnotes date April 2009 Technoscience is a concept widely used in the interdisciplinary community of science and technology studies to designate the technological and sociology of science social context of science . The notion indicates a common recognition that scientific knowledge is not only sociology of scientific knowledge socially coded and history of science historically situated but sustained and made durable by material non human wikt network network s. Technoscience is a term coined by Belgian philosopher Gilbert Hottois in the late 1970s. Conceptual levels of technoscience We look at the concept of technoscience by considering three levels a descriptive analytic level, a deconstructivist level, and a visionary level. ref Marion Mangelsdorf, de.wikipedia.org wiki Technoscience, for the idea of discerning levels see Mangelsdorf s initial article version of 17 June 2005 ref On a descriptive analytic level , technoscientific studies examine the decisive role of science and technology in how knowledge is being developed. What is the role played by large research labs in which experiments on organisms are undertaken, when it comes to a certain way of looking at the things surrounding us? To what extent do such investigations, experiments and insights shape the view on nature , and on our bodies? How do these insights link to the concept of living organisms as biofact s? To what extent do such insights inform technological innovation ? Can the laboratory be understood as a metaphor for social structures in their entirety? On a deconstructive level , theoretical work is being undertaken on technoscience to address scientific practices critically, e.g. by Bruno Latour Sociology , by Donna Haraway History of science , and by Karen Barad Theoretical physics . It is pointed out that scientific descriptions may be only allegedly objective that descriptions are of a performative character, and that there are ways to de mystify them. Likewise, new forms of Knowledg ... more details
This is a list of philosophical concept s . It is intended to be distinct from the list of philosophical theories and contain all and only articles within categories Category Philosophical concepts Philosophical concepts , Category Concepts in aesthetics Concepts in aesthetics , Category Concepts in epistemology Concepts in epistemology , Category Concepts in ethics Concepts in ethics , and Category Concepts in logic Concepts in logic , Category Concepts in metaphysics Concepts in metaphysics . center compactTOC NOTOC center A A priori and a posteriori Absolute philosophy Absolute time and space Abstract object Adiaphora Aesthetic emotions Aesthetic interpretation Agathusia and aschimothusia Alief belief All men are created equal Alternative possibilities Analytic synthetic distinction Anthropic principle Antinomy Apeiron cosmology Arborescent Art manifesto Aufheben Autonomy Avant garde B Beauty Being Belief Binary opposition Biofact philosophy Body without organs Boredom Brain in a vat Brute fact C Cambridge change Camp style Cartesian Other Cartesian Self Categorical imperative Categorization Category of being Causal adequacy principle Causality Choice Civic virtue Class consciousness Class philosophy Cogito ergo sum Cognitive closure philosophy Commensurability ethics Common good Common sense Composition of Causes Compossibility Conatus Concept Condition of possibility Conjecture Conscience Consent Construct philosophy of science Creativity Cultural hegemony Cultural sensibility Cuteness D Daimonic De dicto and de re Definition Descriptive knowledge Desiring production Disciplinary institution Discourse Disgust Dispositional and occurrent belief Distributive justice Distrust Documentality Dogma Duty Dwelling E Ecstasy philosophy Efficient cause Elegance Embodied cognition Emergence Empirical method Empirical relationship Empirical research Entertainment Entity Epistemic virtue Epoch Eroticism Essence Eternity Ethics of care Eudaimonia Eupraxis Excellence Existen ... more details
For the magazine about archaeology Archaeology magazine pp move indef File Dolina Pano 3.jpg thumb right Excavations at the site of Gran Dolina , in the Atapuerca Mountains , Spain, 2008 Archaeology , or archeology ref Citation url http www.saa.org ForthePublic Resources OtherUsefulResources Whyaretheretwodifferentspellingsarchaeology tabid 1078 Default.aspx title Society for American Archaeology date accessdate 2011 01 15 ref from Ancient Greek Greek lang grc , archaiologia lang grc , arkha os , ancient and lang grc , logi , logy ref Or science , in old Greek. ref , is the study of human society , primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data which they have left behind, which includes Artifact archaeology artifacts , architecture , biofact archaeology biofact s and cultural landscapes the archaeological record . Because archaeology employs a wide range of different procedures, it can be considered to be both a science and a humanities humanity , ref name Renfrew Bahn1991 Renfrew and Bahn 2004 1991 13 ref and in the United States it is thought of as a branch of anthropology , ref name Haviland et al 2005 Cultural Anthropology The Human Challenge 2005 ref although in Europe it is viewed as a separate discipline. Archaeology studies human history from the development of the first stone tools in eastern Africa 3.4 million years ago up until recent decades. ref McPherron, S. P., Z. Alemseged, C. W. Marean, J. G. Wynn, D. Reed, D. Geraads, R. Bobe, and H. A. Bearat. 2010. Evidence for stone tool assisted consumption of animal tissues before 3.39 million years ago at Dikika, Ethiopia. Nature 466 857 860 ref It is of most importance for learning about Prehistory prehistoric societies , when there are no written records for historians to study, and which makes up over 99 of total human history, from the Palaeolithic until the advent of literacy in any given society. ref name Renfrew Bahn1991 Arch ... more details
data, including architecture , Artifact archaeology artifacts , features, Biofact archaeology biofact s, and cultural landscape landscapes . ref name Renfrew Bahn1991 Renfrew and Bahn 1991 ... more details
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