Unreferenced date December 2009 File Berber flag.svg thumb The Berber flag adopted by the Amazigh World Congress CMA, Agraw Amadlan Amazigh in 1998. Berberism Berber languages Amazigh Timmuzgha is a political cultural movement of Berber people Berber ethnic nationalism , found mainly in Kabylia , Algeria and later in Morocco . The movement is in opposition against cultural Arabization and the Pan Arabist political ideology. Amazigh World Congress The Amazigh World Congress CMA, Congr s Mondial Amazigh Agraw Amadlan Amazigh , amazighworld.org is an international Nongovernemtal Organization with the purpose of providing a structure and international representation for ethnic Berber interests. It was formed in September 1995 in Saint Rome de Dolan , France . It has since held four meetings at irregular intervals, in 1997, 1999, 2002 and 2005. Algeria File A ifigha.JPG thumb Road sign in Algeria, showing evidence of dispute over whether names should be written in Arabic or Berber Berberism aspires to the recognition of the distinct Berber people Berber identity of Algeria. Political parties and movements usually considered Berberist include Socialist Forces Front Front des forces socialistes , FFS Rally for Culture and Democracy Rassemblement pour la culture et la d mocratie , RCD Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylie Mouvement pour l autonomie de la Kabylie , MAK Arouch Mouvement citoyen des A rchs , a movement that is also organised among Kabyle people Kabyles . MAK exalts a unique Kabylian identity instead of a universal Berber one, thus also known as Kabylist . Morocco Outside Algeria , fringe Berberist political parties existed in Morocco Amazigh Democratic Party Parti d mocrate amazigh was founded in 2005 in Rabat to promote Reference necessary federalism date June 2010 , political secularism , and Berber cultural and social rights. The party reorganised itself to form the Izigzawn Moroccan Ecologist Party Greens Parti cologiste marocain Izigzawn in 2006. Amazigh ... more details
From 1916, there have been four major armed conflicts by rebelling Tuareg people in Mali, Niger, or both Kaocen Revolt Tuareg Rebellion 1916 1917 Tuareg Rebellion 1962 1964 Tuareg Rebellion 1990 1995 Tuareg Rebellion 2007 2009 Disambig Category Berberism fi Tuaregikapina ... more details
Mohammed Arav Bessaoud born December 24, 1924 died January 1, 2002 ref http www.guardian.co.uk news 2002 jan 30 guardianobituaries.books ref was an Algeria n writer and activist . Described as the spiritual father of Berberism , Dda Moh was a Mujahideen during the Algerian War of Liberation 1954 62. He was the founder of the Academie Berbere in Paris during the 1960s and the designer of the modern Berber flag . He was the author of numerous books on the war of independence, its aftermath and the history of the Berbers, he was one of the leading lights of Berberism during the 20th and 21st centuries. See also List of Berbers References reflist Further reading http www.guardian.co.uk news 2002 jan 30 guardianobituaries.books Obituary Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Bessaoud, Mohammed Arav ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Algerian activist DATE OF BIRTH December 24, 1924 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH January 1, 2002 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Bessaoud, Mohammed Arav Category 1924 births Category 2002 deaths Category Indigenous activists Category Kabyle people Category People from Tizi Ouzou Province Category Algerian writers ar fr Mohand A rav Bessaoud it Mohand A rav Bessaoud kab Mu end Arab Besa ud ... more details
b. 1964 Ahmed Dgharni See also Berberism References references External links http www.berberescope.com ... Berberism Category Political parties of minorities ar cs Izigzawen ... more details
The Berber Academy French Academie Berbere is a cultural association founded in 1966 by Mohand Arav Bessaoud and a group of young Kabyles. This group consisted of intellectuals, artists and journalists, all eager to put the Tifinagh in use. Fearing misuse of the term academy , they renamed the association Agraw Imazi en Berber Assembly in 1967. This was dissolved in 1978. The Academy proposed a Berber alphabet standard on the basis of Tifinagh circulated in Morocco and Algeria among Kabyles , the Tuareg people Tuareg and Rifains in order to revive old writing of several millennia, and transcribe all Berber dialects. Periodically, and often Tifinagh, the organization published the journal Imazighen journal Imazighen . The academy also proposed the design of the Berber flag . Berber languages Category Organizations based in France Category Kabylie Category Berber culture Category Berberism berber stub ar an Academia berber de Berberakademie fr Acad mie berb re it Accademia berbera kab Agraw imazi en ... more details
Infobox Political party name english Socialist Forces Front name native French Language French Front des Forces socialistes br Arabic Language Arabic br Kabyle language Taqbaylit Tirni I allen Inemlayen party logo File FFS logo.png colorcode 007FFF leader Hocine Ait Ahmed chairman Karim Tabbou position Centre left spokesperson foundation 29th September 1963 ideology Social democracy , br Democratic socialism , br Berberism , br Algerianism , br La cit Secularism headquarters Algiers , Algiers Province , Algeria international Socialist International colours website http www.ffs dz.com http www.ffs dz.com elections algeria The Socialist Forces Front French Language French Front des Forces socialistes , FFS Arabic Language Arabic , Kabyle language Taqbaylit Tirni I allen Inemlayen , is a social democratic and secularist , political party in Algeria . It was formed in 1963 by Hocine Ait Ahmed . The FFS is a member of the Socialist International . The party was formed the 29th of September 1963 in Tizi Ouzou to oppose Ben Bella s government. Following the party s creation, a number of towns in Kabylie gave them their support. The Ben Bella government, aided by the Arm e de Lib ration nationale , swiftly took control of the dissident towns during a mostly bloodless confrontation. Preferring to avoid direct conflict, the FFS and its soldiers retracted into the mountains from where they could launch guerrilla tactics. It boycotted the 2002 elections. See also Berber people Politics of Algeria Rally for Culture and Democracy RCD . Arouch Movement A political organization modelled on traditional berber village councils. External links http www.ffs dz.com Official website Category Political parties in Algeria Category Berberism Category Socialist International Category Social democratic parties Africa party stub Algeria stub ar ca Front de Forces Socialistes es Frente de las Fuerzas Socialistas fr Front des for ... more details
Image GUERMAH.jpg thumb Massinissa Guermah Massinissa Guermah 1983, Beni Douala , Tizi Ouzou Province 20 April 2001 was a 19 year old Kabyle people Kabyle Berber people Berber high school student arrested by Algeria n Gendarmerie gendarmes on 18 April 2001. In circumstances still not clear, he received gunshot wounds inside the gendarmerie , which he later died of on 20 April in the Mustapha Hospital. His killing caused months long riots in Kabylie this series of events is referred to as the Black spring kabylie Black Spring . The violence was fuelled by an Algerian national campaign to impose Arabic language on its people in place of indigenous languages, including Kabyle. Sources http www.aidh.org ViolDE Alg kabyl01.htm 3 L Association Internet pour la promotion des droits de l homme L enqu te sur les morts de Kabylie III. LES V NEMENTS D CLENCHANTS See also Black Spring Kabylie Berberism Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Guermah, Masinissa ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1983 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 18 April 2001 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Guermah, Masinissa Category 1983 births Category 2001 deaths Category people from Beni Douala Category Kabyle people Category Berberism berber stub Algeria bio stub de Massinissa Guermah fr Massinissa Guermah ... more details
mergeto Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylia date December 2010 The Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylie MAK Kabyle language Kabyle Timanit i Tmurt n Yeqvayliyen is a Kabyle people Kabyle political organization which demands self government status for the region of Kabylie in Algeria . It is founded by Ferhat Mehenni , now President of The Provisional Government of Kabylia, after the Black Spring Kabylie Black Spring disturbances in 2001. See also Berber people Politics of Algeria Rally for Culture and Democracy RCD The main Liberalism Liberal Berber party. Socialist Forces Front FFS The main Socialist Berber party. Arouch Movement A Kabyle political organization modelled on traditional village councils. External Links http mak.makabylie.info ?lang en Official website of the Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylia MAK DEFAULTSORT Movement For The Autonomy Of Kabylie Category Politics of Algeria Category Berberism Africa party stub Algeria stub ast Movimientu pola Autonom a de Cabilia de Bewegung f r die Autonomie der Kabylei en Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylia fr Mouvement pour l autonomie de la Kabylie gl Movemento pola Autonom a da Cabilia kab Timanit i Tmurt n Iqbayliyen pt Movimento para a Autonomia da Cab lia ... more details
Refimprove date January 2010 Image Berber flag.svg thumb 350px Berber flag Ratio 2 3 The Berber flag is a flag that has been proposed for the Berber people . In the 1970s the Berber Academy Agraw Imazighen proposed the first Berber flag. In 1998 the World Amazigh Congress made the flag official at Tafira on Las Palmas in the Canary Islands , which were formerly inhabited by the Guanches , an ancient Berber people. The flag is composed of blue, green, and yellow horizontal bands of the same height, and a Tifinagh letter yaz or aza . Each color corresponds to an aspect of Tamazgha , the territory inhabited by Berbers in North Africa blue represents the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean green represents nature and the green mountain s yellow represents the sands of the Sahara Desert . The yaz symbolizes the free man , which is the meaning of the Berber language Berber word amazigh , the Berbers own name for themselves. It is in red, the color of life , and also the color of resistance movement resistance . The Berber flag thus symbolizes the entire Amazigh people, living in harmony with their land, Tamazgha . Portal Berbers External links http www.fotw.us flags xb.html Flags of the World DEFAULTSORT Berber Flag Category Berber culture Flag Category Berberism Category Flags of indigenous peoples Category Proposed flags ar fr Drapeau berb re it Bandiera berbera kab Asen aq amazi ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2011 File Berber World.png thumb 400px Tamazgha Portal Berbers Tamazgha in Tifinagh script is a Berber language Berber word employed for the area more often known as the Maghreb or North Africa , covering the area between the Mediterranean Sea and the Niger River , from Siwa Oasis to the Canary Islands . Although the root MZGH is very ancient, Tamazgha as a country name is modern, coined in the context of Berber nationalism . It appeared for the first time in Algeria in the seventies. It is not clear at all who invented it. Some say it was Mouloud Mammeri 1917 1989 . According to others, it was Kateb Yacine 1929 1989 . The main inhabited areas of Tamazgha are northern Libya and the Atlas Mountains chain from Tunisia to Western Sahara . It corresponds roughly to Herodotus Ancient Libya Libya , and to the medieval European term Barbary . The term is used by the Berber activists because there is no common word that refers to all the geographical territory inhabited by the Berbers, since the Berbers live in several countries, and they are politically not united, many scattered by the World by the Berber Diaspora. So, the name has been created to define an Amazigh Berber Nation, even if the term is rarely used especially by pro Arabo pro Islamic Berbers against Arab domination and unity of their Brother People . Many philologists sort this term like neologism, built from traditional Berber terms. Also it has been translated into Spanish as Mazigia . It abbreviated as MZG and used as an alternative international license plate code for some people http atlasgeo.span.ch fotw flags es 7Dic.html . Category Maghreb Category Divided regions Category Berberism Berber stub AfricaN geo stub ar ca Tamazgha es Tamazgha fr Tamazgha nl Berberse Wereld no Tamazgha ... more details
Wiktionary Berber comes from the Arabic word al barbar http ar.wikipedia.org wiki D8 A8 D8 B1 D8 A7 D8 A8 D8 B1 D8 A9 , which comes from the onomatopoeia Bar Bar , used by Greeks as Bla Bla to describe other languages. Bar Bar was adopted by the Arabic speakers to refer to the original inhabitants of N. Africa, west and south of Egypt ref name OED as a non civilized population. Nowadays the word Berber is used to refer to the Berber people Amazigh by the western societies. applied by the Arab geographers from ancient times to the original inhabitants of N. Africa, west and south of Egypt Berber may refer to a member of the Berber people the Berber languages , a family of Afro Asiatic languages Berberism , a political cultural term supporting a distinct Berber identity Berber calendar Berber cuisine Berber Jews and the Judeo Berber language Berber music Berber mythology Berber pantheon Berber Revolt in 740 43 AD Berber etymology , the etymology of the word Berbere , a spice mixture from Ethiopia Mogadishu Bilad ul Barbar , the medieval name of Somalia Berber Spring was a period of political protest in Algeria Berber, Sudan , a town on the Nile Berber Toad , a species of toad found in Algeria Berber carpet , a type of carpet People Ady Berber 1913&ndash 1966 , Austrian film actor Anita Berber , German dancer, actress, writer, and prostitute Mersad Berber , Bosnian painter References reflist refs ref name OED cite web url http www.oed.com view Entry 15400 eid27751124 work Oxford English Dictionary title Barbary, n. year 1989 accessdate 23 December 2011 ref disambiguation cy Berber da Berbisk de Berber Begriffskl rung hu Berber egy rtelm s t lap nl Berber no Berbisk ro Berber dezambiguizare ru ... more details
as the spiritual father of Berberism, Bessaoud was a Muhjahedin during the war of liberation 1954 ... was one of the leading lights of Berberism during the 20th and early 21st centuries. Sa d Sadi , secularist ... more details
Infobox writer For more information see Template Infobox Writer doc . name Mouloud Mammeri image Mouloud mammeri 349003.jpg caption Mouloud Ma meri pseudonym birth date December 28, 1917 birth place Beni yenni Ait Yenni , Algeria death date February 1989 car accident death place A n Defla , Algeria resting place occupation Writer, Berber Linguist, activist language Algerian Arabic , Kabyle language Kabyle , French language French nationality ALG ethnicity Berber people Berber period 40s to 80s movement Berberism berberist notableworks Tajerrumt n Tamazight br Amawal Tamazight Arab influences influenced awards signature Signature Mouloud Mammeri.jpg signature alt website portaldisp Algeria Unreferenced date May 2007 Portal Berbers Mouloud Mammeri is an Algeria n Kabyle language Kabyle writer, anthropologist and linguist. Born on December 28, 1917 in Taourirt Mimoune Beni yenni Ait Yenni in Tizi Ouzou Province , Algeria died in February 1989 near A n Defla in a car accident while returning from a conference in Oujda , Morocco . Biography Mouloud Mammeri attended a primary school in his native village. In 1928 he emigrated to Morocco to live in his uncle s house in Rabat . Four years later he returned to Algiers and pursued his studies at Bugeaud College. He then went to Lyc e Louis le Grand in Paris intending to join the cole Normale Sup rieure . Conscripted in 1939 and discharged in October 1940, Mouloud Mammeri registered at the Facult des Lettres d Algiers Alger . Re conscripted in 1942 after the American landing, he participated in the allied campaigns in France, Italy, and Germany. After the end of the war, he received his degree as a professor of arts and returned to Algeria in September 1947 . He taught in M d a , and then in Ben Aknoun , and published his first novel, The Forgotten Hill in 1952. He was forced to leave Algiers in 1957 because of the Algerian War . Mouloud came back to Algeria shortly after its independence, in 1962. From 1965 to 1972 he taugh ... more details
Articles arranged alphabetically related to Algeria include CompactTOC2 A Abd al Qadir al Jaza iri Ferhat Abbas Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani Hocine Achiou Adherbal Adrar Province, Algeria Moussa Ag Amastan Aghlabid Ahaggar Mountains Ahd 54 Nassim Akrour Ain Defla Ain Temouchent Ain Zaatout Air Alg rie Air Alg rie Flight 6289 Hocine A t Ahmed Alcan in Africa Algerian Communist Party Algerian Franco Muslim Rally Almohad Almoravides Al Qabail Mountains Algeria at the 2004 Summer Olympics Algeria national football team Algerian Civil War Algerian Constitution Algerian Cup Algerian dinar Algerian Family Code Algerian hip hop Algerian legislative elections, 1997 Algerian local elections, 1990 Algerian National Assembly elections, 1991 Algerian National Front Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism Algerian presidential election, 2004 Algerian presidential elections, 1995 Algerian War of Independence Algerian wine Algerianist Algiers Allahu Akbar Matoub Abdelkader Alloula Amenokal Amguid crater Colonel Amirouche Andalusi nubah Annaba Annaba Province Annaba University Anzad Arak gorges Archeology of Algeria Salim Aribi Armed Islamic Group Arm e de l Air Part III End of empire in Indochina and Algeria, 1939 1962 Abbas Aroua Arouch Aterian Atlas Mountains Augustine of Hippo Aur s Mountains Paul Aussaresses B Boudouaou Bahmer Bas Saharan Basin Battle of Algiers dn date November 2011 Batna City Batna Batna Province B char Province Djamel Beghal Mohammed Bedjaoui Bela d Abrika Belaid Abdessalam Krim Belkacem Abdelaziz Belkhadem Larbi Belkheir Djamel Belmadi Samir Beloufa Ahmed Ben Bella Ahmed Benbitour Chadli Bendjedid Ali Benflis Mohamed Benhamou Beni Ounif massacre Beni Ali massacre Beni Messous massacre Bentalha massacre B ja a B ja a Province Belisarius Berber people Berber Berberism Berber music Berber languages Berrouaghia prison massacre Biskra Biskra Province Rabah Bitat Blida Bocchus II Bordj Bou Arreridj Bordj Bou Arreridj Province Ahmed Bouchiki Fatiha Boudiaf Muha ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Loun s Matoub br br image MATOUB LOUNES BERBERS AMAZIGH TIFINAGH TAMAZIGHT KABYLIE 0148 x300x .jpg alt caption Young Loun s Matoub 1973 image size 120px background solo singer birth name alias Algerian Arabic Algerian ma ob el wenas birth date birth date 1956 01 24 birth place Tizi Ouzou Province , Algeria origin death date death date and age 1998 06 25 1956 01 24 death place Algeria , Assasinated genre occupation Poet instrument Guitar years active 1978 1998 label associated acts Berberism website notable instruments Guitar Loun s Matoub in Kabyle Lwennas Ma ub , Tifinagh January 24, 1956 &ndash June 25, 1998 was a famous Berber music Berber Kabyle people Kabyle singer and mondol player http bahmaduzeggane.blogspot.com 2008 07 celebrating lounes matoub berber.html who was a prominent advocate of the Berber people Berber cause and secularism in Algeria throughout his life. He is revered as a hero and martyr in Kabylie and the Tamazgha Berber World but reviled by most of the Arab population in Algeria for his atheism and the alleged blasphemy of some songs like Allahu Akbar Matoub Allahu Akbar along with his militant advocacy of Berber rights, so he was unpopular among both warring parties during Algerian Civil War . His assassination, in circumstances which remain unclear, provoked violent riots in Kabylie. Berber Algerians still accuse the Algeria n regime of killing Matoub Loun s, but some of the Algerian regime s figures accused the Islamist terrorists of this crime. Early life Lounes Matoub was born on 24 January 1956 in the village of A t Mahmoud Taourirt Moussa in Algeria n Kabylia . At 9 years of age he built his first guitar from an empty car oil can and composed his first songs as a teenager. His political and cultural identity was awakened by armed confrontations between Kabyles and government forces in 1963&ndash 1964. In 1968, the Algerian government introduced a policy of Arabization in the education system. Matoub reacted ... more details
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