Infobox UK legislation short title The BallotAct, 1872 parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom long title An Act to amend the Law relating to Procedure at Parliamentary and Municipal Elections. year 1872 statute book chapter 35 & 36 Vict. c. 33 introduced by William Ewart Gladstone territorial extent royal assent 18 July 1872 commencement repeal date amendments related legislation Representation of the People Act 1949 United Kingdom UK Electoral Act 1963 Republic of Ireland RoI repealing legislation status Repealed original text activeTextDocId legislation history use new UK LEG revised text The BallotAct1872 was an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that introduced the requirement that elections in the United Kingdom parliamentary and local government elections in the United Kingdom be held by secret ballot . Background Employers and land owners had been ... ballot. The Representation of the People Act 1867 the Second Reform Act enfranchised the skilled ... ballot. They felt that pressure from patrons on tenants was legitimate and that a secret ballot ..., unlimited and many voters would take bribes from both sides. While the secret ballot might have ... Act 1883 formalised the position and is seen by many to have been the key legislation in the attempts to end electoral corruption. Effect of the Act The secret ballot mandated by the Act was first used on 15 August 1872 to re elect Hugh Childers as MP for Pontefract UK Parliament constituency Pontefract ... . The original ballot box , sealed in wax with a liquorice stamp, is held at Pontefract museum. ref http www.bbc.co.uk ahistoryoftheworld objects WryVwsknTr aa4IQ ID9iQ Pontefract s secret ballot box, 1872 ref The BallotAct1872 was of particular importance in Ireland , as it enabled tenants to vote against the landlord class in parliamentary elections. The principal result of the Act was seen ... UK electoral reform UK legislation Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1872 Category 1872 in law ... more details
Apartheid legislation in South Africa In the Cape Colony between 1853 and 1892 the right to vote was based on 25 property franchise regardless of race. By the 1880s Cecil Rhodes was unhappy that in many Cape Constituencies, non whites voters could be decisive if more of them exercised their right to vote under the law as it existed. At this time in the Transvaal and the Orange Free State indiginous Africans had no voting rights, and in Natal very few non whites had the right to vote. The Cape Province Franchise and Ballot Act of 1892 raised the franchise qualifications from 25 to 75 which effectively disenfranchised non whites in significant enough numbers to make their voting powers negligible, although a proportion of poor whites were disenfranchised too. This legislation settled the disputes as to whether non whites had voting power in Cape Colony in the late 19th century, and is recognized as being an early example of legislation motivated by racial discrimination, although the law itself achieves its racially discriminatory aims only indirectly through financially based clauses. See also History of Cape Colony from 1870 to 1899 References Stub External links http www.nelsonmandela.org omalley index.php site q 03lv01538 04lv01646 05lv01703.htm Racial Legislation 1892 http stmarys.ca wmills course322 8Cape Liberalism.html Cape Liberal Tradition DEFAULTSORT Franchise And Ballot Act Category Apartheid laws in South Africa SouthAfrica law stub statute stub africa hist stub ... more details
The Licensing Act1872 35 & 36 Vict c. 94 is an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . It enacted various regulations and offences relating to alcohol, particularly licensing of premises. Most parts of the Act have been superseded by more recent Licensing Act s, but some parts remain in force. In particular, the Act creates an offence of being drunk in public with a maximum fine of level 1 on the standard scale currently 200 propelling a horse , a cow or other cattle , a steam engine , or a loaded firearm , with a possible penalty of a fine of up to 200 or 51 weeks in prison. This act restricted the closing times in public house s to midnight in towns and 11 o clock in country areas. regulated the content of beer. One of the most common practices was to add salt to the beer, which increased the thirst and therefore sales as well. said that licensing hours were to be determined by local authorities. gave boroughs the option of becoming completely dry i.e. banning all alcohol. These policies were enforced by the police. It was an unpopular Act for the working classes and there were a number of near riots when police tried to enforce closing hours. Brewers resented what they saw as an attack on their independence and profits others disliked the Act because it interfered with personal liberty. N.B. This Act does not provide the offence of being unfit through drink drugs whilst cycling on a road public place this is provided by Section 30 Road Traffic Act 1988 . Further reading Lowe, Norman , Mastering Modern British History , Macmillan Press LTD, 1998 References ... tewkesburypubs.html Transcribed text of this act and the Licensing Acts of 1552 1553 1606 c4 1606 c5 1604 1625 1828 c. 46. 1828 c. 61. 1830 1834 1840 1842 1869 1870 1872 1902 1904 and more UK Legislation UK LEG ext path ukpga 1872 94 title Licensing Act1872 type ukpga UK legislation Category 1872 in law Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1872 Category Alcohol law in the United ... more details
The Shipping Commissioners Act of 1872 was a United States law dealing with American mariner s serving in the United States Merchant Marine . Among other things, the act was passed to combat crimp recruitment crimps . ref name bauer284 Bauer, 1988 284. ref required that a sailor had to sign on to a ship in the presence of a federal shipping commissioner. ref name bauer284 required that a seaman be paid off in person. ref name bauer284 The presence of a shipping commissioner was intended to ensure the sailor wasn t forcibly or unknowingly signed on by a crimp. ref name bauer284 See also Portal box nautical Organized Labour Shanghaiing Maritime history of the United States br clear both Notes Reflist References cite book last Bauer first K. Jack authorlink coauthors title A Maritime History of the United States The Role of America s Seas and Waterways year 1988 publisher University of South Carolina location Columbia, South Carolina isbn 0 87249 519 1 cite web title Andrew Furuseth Special Edition url http www.sailors.org pdf newsletter andrewfurusethspecialedition.pdf work West Coast Sailors, March 12, 2004 accessdate March 21, 2007 USMerchantMarineLaws DEFAULTSORT Shipping Commissioners Act Of 1872 Category 1872 in law Category United States federal admiralty and maritime legislation US fed statute stub ... more details
Wikify date August 2010 The Education act of 1872 gave control over schools to the State of Victoria . Contemporary reporting On 17 December 1872 the Act went through the Parliament. The Argus reported the next day on the close of the Parliamentary session ...we must acknowledge that the Parliamentary session has been by no means a barren one. If the Education Act of 1872 had been the solitary law added to the Statute book during its continuance, that alone would be sufficient to make it memorable in the annals of Victoria. When we consider the difficulties which attend all attempts to deal with the much vexed question of public instruction, the prejudices which have to be overcome, and the sectarian enmity which has to be encountered, we may well be grateful that the Government measure passed through the ordeal it had to undergo in both Houses without the sacrifice of any of those vital principles it was and is intended to establish. For the first time in this colony, the young will now have an opportunity of acquiring the rudiments of education unmixed with the leaven of sectarianism, and every child, no matter what its parents circumstances may be, will receive at the hands of the state that key which, rightly used, unlocks whole stores of knowledge, from whose ample treasures the patient and industrious may freely help themselves. If due effect be given to the compulsory clauses, none will grow up in that gross ignorance which is such a fruitful mother of crime, which fills our gaols, and yearly robs honest industry of a large portion of its reward, Of course, a great deal will depend on the manner in which the new act is worked but if care be taken to administer it in the spirit which actuated its framers, we confidently expect to see the most beneficial effects flow from its operation. Sources Macintyre, Stuart, A Colonial Liberalism The Life and Times of Three Victorian ... item.asp?sdID 25 Copy of the act Category 1872 in law Category Australian law law stub ... more details
Statutes, Chapter 65 Notes references Chicago DEFAULTSORT Cities And Villages Act Of 1872 Category ... , irregularly elected Mayor The act moved Mayoral elections to April, whereas they had previously ... of Chicago , Political Culture accessdate 2007 01 19 ref The act also lengthened the Mayoral term ... more details
The General Mining Act of 1872 is a United States federal law that authorizes and governs prospecting ... Law of 1872 The Chaffee law of 1866 and the placer law of 1870 were combined into the General Mining Act of 1872. The mining law of 1866 had given discoverers rights to stake mining claims to extract ... passed the General Mining Act of 1872, the wording was changed to or other valuable deposits, giving greater scope to the law. The 1872act also granted extralateral rights to lode claims, and fixed the maximum size of lode claims as 1500 feet 457m long and 600 feet 183m wide. The Act of 1872 also set the price for land assumed under the mining act blockquote FORTY SECOND CONGRESS. Sess. II Ch. 152. 1872. 95 approved July ninth, eighteen hundred and seventy a patent shall issue for the placer ... From the text of General Mining Act of 1872 ref blockquote It set the price of the land claim to range 2.50 to 5.00 per acre. This price set by law has remained the same since 1872. Some basic ... by the 1872act. Subsequent changes to the law include Timber and Stone Act , an 1878 law that allowed private purchase of minable government land the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 , which made certain ... 137 Years Later by The New York Times , July 20, 2009 DEFAULTSORT General Mining Act Of 1872 Category ... in economics Category 1872 in the United States fr General Mining Act de 1872 ..., approved on May 10, 1872, codified the informal system of acquiring and protecting mining claims ... or older have the right under the 1872 mining law to locate a lode hard rock or placer gravel mining ... west of the Great Plains . Mining legislation before 1872 Although the practices for open ... , much as farmers could obtain title under the Homestead Act . The owner of a patented claim ... any new applications for mining claim patents since October 1, 1994. The 1872 law granted ... Act of 1947 , which provides for the sale or public giveaway of certain minerals, such as sand ... more details
Refimprove date April 2010 Indian Contract Act1872 is the main source of law regulating contract s in Indian ... Contract Act1872 sections 1 75 came into force on 1 September 1872 . It applies to the whole ... made by the latter. section 3 to 9 of the contract act, 1872 lay down the rules for making ... consideration. Offer Proposal is defined under section 2 a of the Indian contract Act, 1872 as when ... of The Indian Contract Act. 1872 The principal also cannot revoke the agent s authority after it has ... External links http www.commonlii.org in legis num act ica1872152 Full text of the 1872Act ... of the 1872Act on taxmann.net broken Category Contract law Category Indian federal legislation Category ... of contracts. Definition Section 2 h of the Act defines the term contract as any agreement enforceable by law . There are two essentials of this act, agreement and enforceability. Section 2 e defines ... by consideration. Consideration means something in return quid pro quo . It can be cash, kind, an act ... to be contracted. According to section 11 of the Contract Act, a person is considered to be competent ... into a Source of Profit or if any act to be done under any contract is opposed to Public Policy ... to obtain the assent of that other to such act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal offer ... by it but, intends to further act, is an invitation to offer. Acceptance According to Section 2 b , When ... or to do some act 7. offree and offerer must be consent Lawful consideration According to Section ... from doing, or does or abstains from doing, or promises to do or abstain something, such an act ... from criminally prosecuting the petitioner company from offence under Section 39 of the act and that the Board ... under Section 23 of the Act. It is unenforceable as against the Petitioner Company. Competent To Contract Section 11 of The Indian Contract Act specifies that every person is competent to contract ... 1. Coercion Section 15 Coercion is the committing, or threatening to commit, any act forbidden by the Indian ... more details
The Act of Uniformity Amendment Act1872 35 & 36 Vict. c. 35 , sometimes called the Shortened Services Act , was an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that amended some of the provisions of the English Act of Uniformity 1662 . It allowed certain modifications ref http anglicanhistory.org pwra rced2.html REPORT OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON ECCLESIASTICAL DISCIPLINE 1906 ref a shortened form of Morning and Evening Prayer on week days on special occasions approved by the Ordinary special forms of service, provided that they contain nothing, except anthems or hymns, which did form part of the Holy Scriptures or the Book of Common Prayer additional forms of service on Sundays and Holy days in addition to the regular services, approved by the Ordinary. the use of Morning Prayer, the Litany, and the Communion Service as separate services and in varying order sermons or lectures without the common prayers or services appointed by the Prayer Book See also Prayer Book Tables of Lessons Act 1871 Burial Laws Amendment Act 1880 References references Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1872 anglican stub UK law stub ... more details
Weasel date February 2009 Refimprove date October 2008 Voting otheruses A ballot is a device originally ... uses one ballot, and ballots are not shared. In the simplest elections, a ballot may be a simple scrap ... pre printed to protect the secret ballot secrecy of the votes . The voter casts his her ballot in a Ballot box box at a polling station . In British English, this is usually called a ballot paper . The word ballot is used for an election process within an organisation such as a trade union holding a ballot of its members . History In ancient Greece , citizens used Ostracon pieces of broken pottery ... 2000 Florida butterfly ballot . File Butterfly large.jpg thumb 150px left Top view of the same 2000 Florida butterfly ballot . Depending on the type of voting system used in the election, different ballots may be used. Ranked ballot s allow voters to rank candidates in order of preference, while ... list closed . The United States has a unique politics of long and short ballot. Before the American ... offices required longer ballots, and at times the long ballot undoubtedly resulted in confusion ... States Progressivists attacked the long ballot during the Progressive Era circa 1893 1917 . In the United States today, the term ballot reform sometimes refers to efforts to reduce the number of elected offices. Citation needed date October 2008 Design Ballot design can aid or inhibit clarity ... or mismark a ballot. The butterfly ballot used in Florida in the U.S. presidential election, 2000 a ballot paper that has names down both sides, with a single column of punch holes in the centre ... File Bundestagswahl 05 stimmzett.jpg thumb right 150 This Germany German ballot has the constituency ... to reflect these in ballot design and voting system alternatives causes many problems and leads ... out on a ballot, carries much more weight than one carried out with only a public sampling in a less ..., but rather, she or he expected them to act independently. Such marking and counting could be carried ... more details
signs the Amnesty Act of 1872 into law, restoring full civil rights to all but about 500 Confederate ...Use mdy dates date March 2011 Year dab 1872 Year nav 1872 C19 year in topic NOTOC Year 1872 Roman numerals ... of the United States , although she is a year too young to qualify and does not appear on the ballot ... case reports in Toronto , Ontario, Canada, of the Great Epizootic of 1872 equine influenza , or the horse ... presidential election, 1872 Ulysses S. Grant defeats Horace Greeley . Women s suffrage In defiance of the law ... Boston Fire of 1872 In Boston , Massachusetts , a large fire begins to burn on Lincoln Street the 2 ... King reveals the Diamond hoax of 1872 diamond hoax in Wyoming . November 27 &ndash A meteor shower ..., 18721872 U.S. presidential election , dies. His electoral votes are divided among several candidates ... v Scotland 1871 in 1871 and England v Scotland 1872 again in 1872 at the Oval , London. December ... Reflist American Annual Cyclopedia ... for 1872 1873 , comprehensive collection of facts http ... &f false online edition References Reflist DEFAULTSORT 1872 Category 1872 af 1872 am 1872 . . . ar 1872 an 1872 ast 1872 az 1872 bn zh min nan 1872 n map bms 1872 be 1872 be x old 1872 bh bcl 1872 bs 1872 br 1872 bg 1872 ca 1872 cv 1872 cs 1872 cbk zam 1872 co 1872 cy 1872 da 1872 de 1872 et 1872 el 1872 myv 1872 es 1872 eo 1872 eu 1872 fa hif 1872 fo 1872 fr 1872 fy 1872 ga 1872 gd 1872 gl 1872 gan 1872 ko 1872 hy 1872 hi hr 1872. io 1872 ilo 1872 bpy id 1872 ia 1872 os 1872 is 1872 it 1872 he 1872 jv 1872 kn pam 1872 krc 1872 ka 1872 csb 1872 kk 1872 sw 1872 ht 1872 almanak gregoryen la 1872 lv 1872. gads lb 1872 lt 1872 m. lij 1872 li 1872 lmo 1872 hu 1872 mk 1872 mg 1872 mi 1872 mr . . arz 1872 ms 1872 nah 1872 nl 1872 ne new ja 1872 nap 1872 no 1872 nn 1872 nrm 1872 nov 1872 oc 1872 mhr 1872 uz 1872 pi pnb 1872 nds 1872 pl 1872 pt 1872 ro 1872 qu 1872 ru 1872 sah 1872 se 1872 stq ... more details
as precinct count . Ballot boxes are in some jurisdictions obsolete, because of the increase in paperless electronic voting . The word ballot derives from voting systems based upon the use of a small ball instead of a voting paper see blackball blacklist blackball . The first British secret ballot using ballot papers and a ballot box was held in Pontefract on 15 August 1872, under the terms of the recently enacted BallotAct1872 . In a ministerial by election following his appointment as Chancellor ... s secret ballot box, 1872 . ref ref http www.wakefield.gov.uk CultureAndLeisure Museums Object ... ballot boxes used in the Haitian elections, 2006 Haitian general election in 2006 A ballot box is a temporarily ... bag, with a narrow slot in the top sufficient to accept a ballotballot paper in an election ... also be ballot boxes that are taken to people s homes where they would otherwise be unable to travel to the polling station. When very large ballot papers are used, there may be a feeder mechanism to assist in the deposit of the paper into the box. Transparent ballot boxes may be used in order ... not ballot stuffing stuffed with fraudulent votes . At the close of the election all boxes can be taken ... constituency Pontefract . The original ballot box, sealed in wax with a liquorice stamp, is held at Pontefract ... center gallery caption Ballot boxes perrow 4 widths 160 File Cardboard ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A cardboard ballot box used during the first federal vote in Washington, D.C. . File Wooden ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A wooden ballot box used in the northeastern United States circa 1870. File Metal ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A galvanized metal ballot box used in Tulare County, California United States circa 1936. File Election MG 3455.JPG A voter putting his envelope into a clear ballot box during the 2007 French presidential election File Glass ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A glass globe ballot jar circa 1884. File Acme ballot box Smithsonian.jpg An Acme voting machine of Bridgewater, Connecticut ... more details
that the secret ballot was one of the two points he could support. The secret ballot was eventually introduced in the BallotAct1872 , substantially reducing the cost of campaigning, and was first ... box, 1872 . ref The Secrecy vs. reliability use of numbered ballots has removed the secret ballot ... Zealand 1872 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland United Kingdom In the UK this was passed by the BallotAct1872 , but is no longer the case by virtue of Schedule 1 of the Representation of the People Act 1983, as mentioned above. 1872 Switzerland 1874 Canada 1877 Belgium 1885 Norway 1891 United ...For 2001 Iranian film Secret Ballot film Elections The secret ballot is a voting method in which a voter ... writes only his or her choice. Without revealing their votes to anyone, the electors place the ballot ... forms of the secret ballot involves pre printed ballot papers with the name of the candidates or questions ... anyone from linking voter to ballot. This system is also known as the Australian ballot , because ... ballot since Massachusetts was the first U.S. state to use the secret ballot. History In Ancient ... of 1795 on Wikisource fr icon ref states that All elections are to be held by secret ballot . The same ... write the name of their preferred candidate on their ballot at home the only condition was to write ... Nationale website ref The ballot is folded in order to prevent other people from reading its content. ref fr Isoloir ref Napoleon III Louis Napol on Bonaparte attempted to abolish the secret ballot ..., allowing secret ballot to take place. ref Karl Marx The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon For the bourgeois ... abolished the secret ballot and had ordered them to put a yes or no after their names on the official ... posted on all the street corners of Paris announcing the restoration of the secret ballot. http www.marxists.org ... of an Election The Polling by William Hogarth 1755 . Before the secret ballot was introduced, voter intimidation was commonplace. The demand for a secret ballot was one of the six points of Chartism ... more details
Refimprove date February 2008 voting Image Ballotstuffing.jpg thumb 200px left A specialized ballot box used to assist ballot stuffing, featured in Frank Leslie s Weekly Frank Leslie s Illustrated Newspaper in 1856. Ballot stuffing is the illegal act of one person submitting multiple ballot s during a vote in which only one ballot per person is permitted. The name originates from the earliest days of this practice in which people literally did stuff more than one ballot in a ballot box at the same time. In a government election , this is a form of electoral fraud . Detecting ballot stuffing depends a great deal on how good the record keeping is. Most election systems match the number of persons showing up to vote with the number of ballots cast, and or preparing the forms so that they are difficult to fake. A common method still used in small village elections throughout the USA Fact date March 2009 uses two ballot boxes and a single sheet of paper for a ballot. After marking the ballot, the sheet is folded in half, then torn with each part dropped in the corresponding ballot box. The number of marked ballots in one box will equal the number of ballot sheet headers in the other ballot box, thus preventing ballot stuffing. In short, successful ballot stuffing usually requires the misconduct of genuine registered voters and or elections personnel. Ballot stuffing can be accomplished in a number of ways. Often, a ballot stuffer casts votes on the behalf of people who did not show up to the polls known as telegraphing sometimes, votes are even cast by those who are long dead or fictitious characters in TV shows, books, and movies known as padding . Both practices are also referred to as personation . In earlier societies which date October 2011 with little paperwork, dead people were kept alive on paper for the purpose of ballot stuffing. The family of the deceased often helped along, either to assist their party or for money. Ballot stuffing is possible with one version ... more details
Expert subject Politics date February 2009 globalize date December 2010 voting A provisional ballot is used to record a vote when there are questions in regards to a given Voter eligibility voter s eligibility . A provisional ballot would be cast when The voter refuses to show a photo ID in regions that require one The voter s name does not appear on the electoral roll for the given precinct. The voter s registration contains inaccurate or out dated information such as the wrong address or a misspelled name. The voter s ballot has already been recorded Whether a provisional ballot is counted is contingent upon the verification of that voter s eligibility. Many voters do not realize that the provisional ballot is not counted until 7 10 days after election so their vote does not affect the calling of the states to different candidates. A guarantee that a voter could cast a provisional ballot if he or she believes that they are entitled to vote was one of the guarantees of the Help America Vote Act of 2002. History The right of political parties to have observers at polling place s is old. ref Title XIV, Chapter 5, Sec. 4922, http www.archive.org details electionlawsofst00ohiorich The Election ... for such observers is to act as challengers, in the event that someone attempts to vote at the polling ... a voters right to vote was challenged, state laws typically allowed them to cast a challenged ballot ... provisional 20ballots.pdf The Provisional Ballot vs. Challenged Ballot , Nov. 16, 2005. ref The right to a provisional ballot, as enacted by the Help America Vote Act, brings a degree of uniformity to the array of various challenged ballot rules enacted by various states. Potential Problems ... to have their votes counted, but at their worst, the offer of a provisional ballot can be a way ... pdfs Provisional Ballot Report Final 9 16 08.pdf Provisional Voting Fail Safe ... Votes May Be Stuck in Limbo Washington Post DEFAULTSORT Provisional Ballot Category Elections ... more details
Refimprove date February 2009 Voting An absentee ballot is a vote cast by someone who is unable or unwilling ... a voter can participate in an absentee ballot. Methods Postal voting In a postal vote , the ballot ... ballot there is no way of verifying that they voted for the correct candidate. In an attempt ... ref voters obtain their passwords to access the ballot through the postal service. Most voters in Estonia ... ballot. All a voter needs is a computer, an electronic card reader, their ID card and its PIN, and they can ... ballot. Texas law allows American astronauts who cannot vote in person and are unable to vote via absentee ballot such as those aboard the International Space Station and Mir space station cast ... ballot examples Germany In all ? maybe. Germany German elections, postal vote s are available on demand ... not have an absentee ballot system for all citizens. In a restricted sense, The Representation of the People Act 1950 ref http gulbarga.nic.in karelections2008 ACTS RPAct1950.pdf Representation of the People Act 1950 ref RPA section 20 8 allows people such as people on polling duty and serving in armed ... several civic society organizations have urged the government to amend the RPA act to allow NRI s and people on the move to cast their vote through absentee ballot system. ref http voterswithoutborders.org ... set of circumstances. The Constitution of Ireland Irish constitution requires a secret ballot and the courts ..., nursing homes and other similar institutions. Israel Israel does not have an absentee ballot ... is available. Voters can authorise someone else to cast their ballot without having to go through a registration procedure. Voters can cast a maximum of 2 proxy votes along with their own ballot. Postal ... ref Philippines As provided by the Overseas Absentee Voting Act , absentee voting in Republic of the Philippines ... voting as pursuant to Republic Act No. 7166 and Executive Order No. 157 is only available for members ... on duty on election day. ref Cite web title REPUBLIC ACT No. 7166 AN ACT PROVIDING FOR SYNCHRONIZED ... more details
A ballot is a device used to record choices made by voters. Ballot may also refer to Ballot automobile , a defunct French automobile manufacturer Ballot horse , an American two time Champion Thoroughbred racehorse Ballots, Mayenne , a commune in northwestern France disambiguation ... more details
improverefs date September 2011 globalize US date September 2011 A ballot title is the official, short, summary of a Initiatives and referendums in the United States ballot measure that appears on the ballot. The goal of a good ballot title is to be a neutral summary that accurately conveys to voters the gist of what the proposed new law says or would do. The National Conference of State Legislatures says, The ballot title and summary are arguably the most important part of an initiative in terms of voter education. Most voters never read more than the title and summary of the text of initiative ... title & 39 Preparation of a ballot title and summary & 39 publisher Ncsl.org date 2003 03 ... of what a new law would do. As a result, ballot titles are fertile grounds for conflict and lawsuits ... has to do with whether the ballot title is determined before signatures are collected, or after . Another way that states differ has to do with whether the ballot title is determined by the government which could be a commission, a ballot title determination board, the Secretary of State, or some other election official or whether the ballot title is determined by the political organization that is advocating for the measure. Pre circulation ballot titles States where the ballot title is set prior ... , Mississippi , Missouri , Montana , North Dakota , Ohio , Elections in Oregon Ballot initiatives Oregon In Oregon, the ballot title is set after 1,000 initial sponsorship signatures have been submitted and Washington U.S. state Washington . Post circulation ballot titles States where the ballot title ... , Nebraska , Nevada , Oklahoma , Utah , Wyoming . Ballot titles determined by proponents In Florida and South Dakota, the ballot title is determined by the proponent, subject to legal challenge by opponents in court. Impact of ballot title on election outcome There is a general consensus that the ballot title can be highly determinative of whether a ballot measure wins or loses. Notes reflist Category ... more details
Refimprove date February 2010 Infobox company company name Ballot company logo company type company slogan location Paris France foundation 1910 defunct 1932 founder Ernest Maurice Ballot products Automobile Cars Image Ballot.jpg thumb right 250px Ballot 2LTS Cabriolet 1925 Ballot was a France French automobile manufacturer who made cars between 1921 and 1932. The Ballot brothers, Edouard and Maurice, founded their company in 1905. Before World War I they manufactured automobile and marine engines. The company was re founded as Etablissements Ballot SA in 1910. Edouard Ballot was well known as a designer of reliable engines. He helped Ettore Bugatti in developing his first engines. After World War I, the company entered motor racing with a straight eight cylinder 4.9 litre car for the 1921 French Grand Prix . As well as racing engines, the company made a range of road engines which were fitted to their own production cars. The first road car was a 2 litre tourer called Ballot 2 LS . In 1923 Ballot 2 LT and a sport version, Ballot 2 LTS followed. From 1927, eight cylinder engines were used. In 1931 the company was taken over by Hispano Suiza . Swift decline followed the last model was practically a Hispano Suiza and only the chassis was provided by Ballot. Ballot closed down in 1932. Sporting successes A Ballot vehicle driven by Ren Thomas France Ren Thomas finished second in the 1919 Targa Florio and second in the 1920 Indianapolis 500 . Image Ballot Berline RH3, 1930.jpg thumb left 210px Ballot Berline RH3, 1930, Cit de l Automobile , Mulhouse , France Ralph DePalma , an American national champion and winner of the 1915 Indianapolis 500, finished second in the 1921 French ... Grand Prix at Brescia Brescia, Italy driving a Ballot. Main models 2LS sports car. 4 cylinder 1944 ... French Grand Prix relating to the Ballot racer Category Vintage vehicles Category Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of France de tablissements Ballot fr Ballot automobile it Ballot pl Ballot ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date October 2009 A ratings ballot is a ballot on which candidates are rated on a cardinal scale . For example candidates in an election could be rated from 0 to 99 or from 5 to 5 or from 1 to 10. Generally you will gave the candidate you like least the lowest score 0, 5 or 1 and the candidate you like the most the highest score 99,5 or 10 . An Approval Voting ballot can be considered as a ratings ballot with two possible ratings 1 approve and 0 disapprove . Under conditions of strategy rational voters wishing to obtain the best outcome for themselves with perfect knowledge of how all other voters will vote a rating ballot with more than 2 rating points should become identical to an Approval ballot with all candidates being given either the highest or lowest rating. Ratings ballots can be converted to preferential ballots. class wikitable border 1 Rating 0 to 99 Preference order Candidate A 99 First Candidate B 20 Third Candidate C 20 Third Candidate D 55 Second This requires the voting system to accommodate a voter s indifference between two candidates as in Ranked Pairs or Schulze method . DEFAULTSORT Ratings Ballot Category Voting systems ... more details
orphan date May 2009 Ballot Browser is open source software open source ballot counting software developed initially for the Humboldt County, California Humboldt County California Election Transparency Project. In November 2008, counting performed with Ballot Browser revealed a bug in Premier Election Solutions formerly Diebold Election Systems GEMS tabulation software. Subsequent investigation by the California Secretary of State led to the decertification of the GEMS version used in Humboldt County. Ballot Browser was developed by Mitch Trachtenberg and is available, free, from http www.tevsystems.com. References Ballot Browser home page http www.tevsystems.com Mitch Trachtenberg s essay on developing Ballot Browser http www.mitchtrachtenberg.com ourvotes.html Article from Wired s Threat Level blog by Kim Zetter http www.wired.com threatlevel 2008 12 unique transpar Secretary of State Debra Bowen s report to the Federal EAC on the Diebold problem http www.eac.gov assets 1 AssetManager Report 20CA 20SOS 20Debra 20Bowen 20to 20EAC 20on 20Diebold 20Premier 20March 202 202009 Revised.pdf Google archive of http www.sos.ca.gov elections voting systems sos humboldt report to eac 03 02 09.pdf Category Election technology software ... more details
Image Malcolm X NYWTS 2a.jpg right thumb Malcolm X, March 1964. The Ballot or the Bullet is the name of a public speaking public speech by human rights activist Malcolm X . In the speech, which was delivered on April 3, 1964, at Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland , Ohio , ref Malcolm X Speaks , p. 23. ref Malcolm advised African American s to judiciously exercise their right to vote ... X Speaks , p. 20. ref The Civil Rights Act of 1964 details Civil Rights Act of 1964 In June 1963 ... Malcolm X Speaks , p. 24. ref blockquote The ballot Malcolm X noted that 1964 was an election year ... a weapon the ballot could be, if it was exercised with care blockquote A ballot is like a bullet ..., keep your ballot in your pocket. ref name Speaks38 Malcolm X Speaks , p. 38. ref blockquote The government Although he advocated exercising the ballot, Malcolm X expressed skepticism that voting would ... more politically mature and realize what the ballot is for what we re supposed to get when we cast a ballot and that if we don t cast a ballot, it s going to end up in a situation where we re going to have to cast a bullet. It s either a ballot or a bullet. ref Malcolm X Speaks , p. 30. ref blockquote Malcolm predicted that if the Civil Rights Act of 1964 civil rights bill wasn t passed, there would ... these people never dreamed of. In 1964, it s the ballot or the bullet. ref name Speaks44 blockquote Analysis The Ballot or the Bullet served several purposes at a critical point in Malcolm X s life. It was part ... from the Nation of Islam The Ballot or the Bullet presented a fundamental difference with the Nation ..., a common theme of his speeches when he was the spokesman for the Nation of Islam. In The Ballot or the Bullet ... http teachingamericanhistory.org library index.asp?document 1147 The Ballot or the Bullet , Cory Methodist Church, Cleveland, April 3, 1964 http thespeechsite.com en famous.shtml The Ballot ... Ballot or the Bullet Category Speeches by Malcolm X Category 1964 in politics ... more details
Refimprove date May 2010 The random ballot is a hypothetical voting method in an election or referendum , the ballot of a single voter is selected at random, and that ballot decides the result of the election. In this way, each candidate or option wins with a probability exactly equal to the fraction of the electorate favouring that candidate or option. The random ballot method is decisive, in that there is no possibility of a tied vote, assuming that the selected voter has expressed a preference if not then another ballot can be selected at random . It is unbiased in that the probability of a particular result is equal to the proportion of total support that that result has in all the votes. It is also strategy free in that there is no advantage in tactical voting . But it is not deterministic, in that a different random selection could have produced a different result, and it does not conform to majority rule since there is a substantial possibility that the selected voter may be in the minority group minority . Random ballot is most often used to explain some of the properties of other ... who are placed in a high position on the ballot paper will receive extra votes as a result ... of candidates on the ballot in favour of either ranking by the parties e.g., the Australian Senate ... Capital Territory . When candidates are ordered by lot on the ballot, the advantage of donkey voting ... by selecting the required number of ballot papers at random. Thus, if the quota is 1,000 votes ... , electoral officials select 200 ballot papers randomly from the 1,200. However, this has been criticised ... of fractional transfer , a.k.a. the Gregory method , by which all 1,200 ballot papers are transferred ... with the elected candidate, while the value of the 1,200 ballot papers transferred equals only 200 votes. A random ballot elects a representative by choosing a ballot at random sortition is similar but elects individuals directly by lot, as if each ballot involved individuals voting for themselves ... more details
orphan date November 2009 A signed ballot is sometimes used as a substitute for a roll call vote . It allows the members votes can be recorded in the minutes without the chair having to call the names of each member individually. ref RONR 10th ed. , p. 406 ref A motion to use a signed ballot is one of the motions relating to methods of voting and the polls . References reflist Category Parliamentary procedure poli stub ... more details
Thoroughbred racehorse infobox horsename Ballot image File Ballot horse .jpg 200px caption Circa 1908. sire Voter horse Voter grandsire Friar s Balsam dam Cerito damsire Lowland Chief sex Stallion horse Stallion foaled 1904 country United States colour Chestnut coat Chestnut breeder Castleton Lyons Castleton Stud owner James R. Keene trainer James G. Rowe, Sr. record 37 20 5 6 earnings United States dollar US 154,545 race Matron Stakes United States Matron Stakes 1906 br Neptune Stakes 1906 br Century Handicap 1907, 1908 br Edgemere Handicap 1907 br First Special Handicap 1907 br Great Republic ... 1908 br Broadway Stakes 1909 awards American Champion Older Male Horse br 1908, 1910 honours Ballot Handicap at Aqueduct Racetrack updated April 4, 2010 Ballot 1904 1937 was an American two time Champion ... two Ballot won important races in 1906 but was overshadowed by that year s Champion , Salvidere ... and a half in winning the Second Special Handicap at Gravesend Race Track . At age four in 1908 Ballot ... earned him retrospective American Champion Older Male Horse honors. Ballot raced in England in 1909 ... BEkEAAAAIBAJ&pg 2729,6710455&dq ballot handicap&hl en Pittsburg Press May 26, 1910 ref His biggest ... New York Times June 28, 1910 ref Ballot finished second in the August 4 Saratoga ... Constitution&desc Ballot Will Race No More.&pqatl google Atlanta Constitution August 10, 1910 article titled Ballot Will Race No More ref His win in the Advance Stakes combined with top three finishes in other major races earned Ballot retrospective honors as the Co American Champion Older Male Horse of 1910. As a sire Retired to Stud animal stud duty, Ballot stood at his owner s farm in 1911 then was sent ..., Forever b. 1917 , Ballot was the damsire of 1928 Belmont Stakes winner Vito horse Vito . Through another daughter, Rose Leaves b. 1916 , Ballot left his most significant mark as the damsire of Bull ... . References http www.pedigreequery.com ballotBallot s pedigree and partial racing stats refs ... more details
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