italic title taxobox name Mosquito fern image Azolla caroliniana0.jpg image width 200px image caption Azolla caroliniana regnum Plant ae divisio fern Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Salviniaceae genus Azolla genus authority Jean Baptiste Lamarck Lam. ref name trop1 In Encyclop die ... Name Azolla Lam. quote Annotation a sp. nov. reference for Azolla filiculoides br Type Specimens Holotype HT Azolla filiculoides work Tropicos publisher Missouri Botanical Garden location Saint Louis ... name trop1 subdivision See list below Azolla mosquito fern , duckweed fern , fairy moss , water fern ... duckweed or some moss es. Selected species Azolla caroliniana font size 1 Willd. font br font size 2 Poss. synon. of A. filiculoides font br Azolla circinata font size 1 Oltz & Hall font br Azolla filiculoides font size 1 Lam. font br Azolla japonica font size 1 Franch. & Sav. font br font size 2 Poss. synon. of A. filiculoides font br Azolla mexicana font size 1 C.Presl font br Azolla microphylla font size 1 Kaulf. font br Azolla nilotica font size 1 Decne. ex Mett. font br Azolla pinnata font size 1 R.Br. font br Azolla rubra font size 1 R.Br. font br ... web url http www.tropicos.org NameSubordinateTaxa.aspx?nameid 40023609 title Name Azolla Lam. subordinate ... title Query Results for Genus Azolla work International Plant Names Index IPNI accessdate February 19, 2010 ref ref name nobanis cite web url http www.nobanis.org files factsheets Azolla filiculoides.pdf title NOBANIS Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet Azolla filiculoides author Hussner, A. location ... are known from the fossil record Azolla intertrappea small Birbal Sahni Sahni & H.S. Rao, 1934 small ... Azolla from British Columbia journal Contributions from the Museum of. Paleontology, University ... ID129.pdf ref Azolla berryi small Rowland W. Brown Brown , 1934 small Eocene , Green River Formation , Wyoming ref name Arnold1955 Azolla prisca small Marjorie E.J. Chandler Chandler & Eleanor M. Reid ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Carolina Azolla image Azolla caroliniana winter color 001.JPG image width 240px image caption Azolla caroliniana reddish and Lemna green in a small pool status G5 status system TNC regnum Plant ae divisio fern Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Azollaceae genus Azolla species A. caroliniana binomial Azolla caroliniana binomial authority Carl Ludwig Willdenow Willd. Azolla caroliniana Carolina Azolla , Carolina Mosquito Fern , Water velvet is a species of Azolla native to the Americas , in eastern North America from southern Ontario southward, and from the east coast west to Wisconsin and Texas , and in the Caribbean , and in Central America Central and South America from southeastern Mexico Chiapas south to northern Argentina and Uruguay . ref name grin Germplasm Resources Information Network http www.ars grin.gov cgi bin npgs html taxon.pl?102986 Azolla caroliniana ref It is a freshwater aquatic plant aquatic fern , with scale like frond s 5 10 mm long, green to reddish, most often reddish in strong light and in winter. They are covered in fine hairs that give it the appearance of velvet. ref name fna Flora of North America http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 200005217 Azolla caroliniana ref ref name apis Aquatic Plant Information System http el.erdc.usace.army.mil aqua apis plants html azolla s.html Azolla ref It is able to nitrogen fixation fix nitrogen from the air by means of symbiosis symbiotic cyanobacteria ... C. ref name nesac NESAC http megapib.nic.in azolla.htm Package of Practice for Azolla ref Image Azolla caroliniana1.jpg left thumb 220px Frond detail File Azolla caroliniana.jpg left thumb 200px Azolla caroliniana at Jack London State Historic Park Cultivation and uses Azolla caroliniana is of commercial ... Flora of Florida Category Flora of Eastern Canada Category Native Ferns of Ontario ca Azolla caroliniana fr Azolla caroliniana it Azolla caroliniana nl Kleine kroosvaren ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Azolla filiculoides image Azolla filiculoides0.jpg image width 240px image caption Zoomed picture of Azolla filiculoides status G5 status system TNC regnum Plant ae divisio fern Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Azollaceae genus Azolla species A. filiculoides binomial Azolla filiculoides binomial authority Jean Baptiste Lamarck Lam. ref name trop In Encyclop die M thodique, Botanique 1 1 343. 1783. cite web url http www.tropicos.org Name 40023609 title Name Azolla Lam. quote Annotation a sp. nov. reference for Azolla filiculoides br Type Specimens Holotype HT Azolla filiculoides work Tropicos publisher Missouri Botanical Garden location Saint Louis, Missouri accessdate February 19, 2010 ref ref name nobanis cite web url http www.nobanis.org files factsheets Azolla filiculoides.pdf title NOBANIS Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet Azolla filiculoides ... List source ref name nobanis Azolla filiculoides Water Fern is a species of Azolla , native to warm ... dies back in winter, surviving by means of submerged buds. Like other species of Azolla , it can ... File Image IMG 0018Afil.JPG 240px Azolla filiculoides File Azolla filiculoides and L.minor.jpg 240px Azolla filiculoides pink tinged growing together with Lemna Lemna minor duckweed File AzollaFiliculoidesProfil.JPG 240px Single Azolla filiculoides plant showing the roots References reflist http www.ars grin.gov cgi bin npgs html taxon.pl?400375 Germplasm Resources Information Network Azolla filiculoides http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 200005218 Flora of North America Azolla filiculoides http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol AZFI USDA Plants Profile Azolla filiculoides http www.pfaf.org database plants.php?Azolla filiculoides Plants for a Future Azolla filiculoides ... sp&name Azolla filiculoides NSW Flora Online Azolla filiculoides Category Salviniales Category ... plant species in New Zealand bg Azolla filiculoides fr Azolla filiculoides nl Grote kroosvaren no Andematbregne ... more details
Taxobox image Azolla pinnata3.jpg regnum Plant ae divisio fern Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Azollaceae genus Azolla species A. pinnata binomial Azolla pinnata binomial authority R.Br. Azolla pinnata is a species of fern known by several common names, including feathered mosquitofern and water velvet . It is native to much of Africa, Asia from China to Japan , India and the Philippines , and parts of Australia. It is an aquatic plant , its frond floating upon the surface ... up the plant. ref name pier http www.hear.org pier species azolla pinnata.htm Pacific Island Ecosystems ... of phosphorus deficiency in Azolla pinnata Salviniales, Pteridophyta . Acta Botanica Hungarica 47 1 ... usgs http nas.er.usgs.gov queries factsheet.aspx?SpeciesID 2745 Azolla pinnata . Nonindigenous Aquatic ... invasive weed that has crowded out a native relative, Azolla rubra . ref name pier It is a pest of waterways ... Categories PlantsInsects NoxiousWeeds Documents New Aquatic Plants Feathered 20Mosquito 20Fern.pdf Azolla ... pest control to manage Azolla filiculoides , and it has been found to attack A. pinnata as well ... North American Azolla Weevil, Stenopelmus rufinasus Coleoptera Curculionidae , uses the invasive old world Azolla pinnata as a host plant. Florida Entomologist 92 1 153. ref Paddy field Rice farmers ... pdfs bcota abstracts 2 z404.pdf Biomass production of Azolla pinnata R. Br. in contaminated ..., such as lead , from contaminated water. ref name jain Jain, S. K. 1990 . Azolla pinnata R.Br. ... . http www.pjbs.org ijps fin9.pdf AzollaAzolla pinnata as a feed ingredient in broiler ration. International ... of azollaAzolla pinnata meal for egg type chicks. International Journal of Poultry Science 5 2 137. ref Commons Azolla pinnata References reflist External links http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol AZPI USDA Plants Profile Azolla pinnata http www.ars grin.gov cgi bin npgs html taxon.pl?316376 ... Invasive plant species in California Category Invasive plant species in Florida fern stub fr Azolla ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Azolla primaeva fossil range fossilrange 50 49 regnum Plant ae divisio fern Pteridophyta classis Leptosporangiate fern Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Azollaceae genus Azolla species A. primaeva binomial Azolla primaeva binomial authority David P. Penhallow Penhallow Chester A. Arnold Arnold , 1955 ref name Arnold1955 cite journal last1 Arnold first1 C. A. year 1955 title A Tertiary Azolla from British Columbia journal Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan volume 12 issue 4 pages 37 45 url http deepblue.lib.umich.edu bitstream 2027.42 48289 2 ID129.pdf ref synonyms Azollophyllum primaevum Azolla primaeva is an extinction extinct species of salviniales water fern in the Azolla Azollaceae family known from Eocene fossil s from the Ypresian stage Period span brief Ypresian , found in southern British Columbia . ref name Arnold1955 The species was first described from poorly preserved material collected in the Similkameen River area near Princeton, British Columbia and later noted from outcrops at Stump Lake northeast of Princeton ... and roots often forming mats in the rock. The plants are accompanied by Azolla Reproduction microspore ..., four species of Azolla had been described from the fossil record. The oldest species at that time was Azolla intertrappea A. intertrappea from Eocene age strata in India and described in 1934 by Birbal Sahni and Rao. Also in 1934, Roland W. Brown described a similarly aged species, Azolla berry A. berry , from the Eocene Middle Eocene Green River Formation . An Oligocene species, Azolla prisca ... and Reid. The youngest of the fossil species was Azolla tertiaria A. tertiaria described by Edward ... Arnold notes that with the placement of A. primaeva into the genus Azolla means that its description ... with the descriptions available, Arnold noted A. primaeva to be close in morphology to the living Azolla ... specimens of Azolla have been recovered from the closely related strata of the Klondike Mountain Formation ... more details
Image Azolla filiculoides MUN.jpg thumb The modern fern Azolla filiculoides . Blooms of a related organism may have pulled the Earth into the current icehouse world. The Azolla event occurred in the middle Eocene period, ref name Brinkhuis2006 Cite journal author Henk Brinkhuis, Stefan Schouten year 2006 title Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean journal Nature volume 441 issue ... fern Azolla are thought to have happened in the Arctic Ocean . As they sank to the stagnant sea ... over the past 65 million years. The Azolla event marks the end of the Eocene optimum and the beginning ... comprising fossil ised Azolla matter. ref name Waddell2006 cite journal author Waddell, L.M. coauthors ... 2008 03 14 doi 10.1038 35021000 pmid 10963587 ref AzollaAzolla has been deemed a super plant as it can ... of Azolla further, this river water would be rich in minerals such as phosphorus, which it would ... years of Azolla bloom episodes and a 4,000,000 km basin to cover, even by very conservative .... A geologically rapid decrease in temperature between 49 and Ma 47 , around the Azolla event, is evident ... be possible for Azolla colonies in deltas or freshwater lagoons to be swept into the Arctic Ocean by strong ... interest in oil exploration in the Arctic regions is directed towards the Azolla deposits. The burial ... history, the preserved Azolla blooms might have been converted to oil or gas. ref name NYT cite news ... has been set up in the Netherlands devoted to Azolla . ref http www.cosis.net members meetings team.php?team 3246 ref Horizontal timeline title The Azolla event in geological time caption Million years ... Azolla event Row3 Geological eons 600 Row2 Geological periods 600 Row4 Scale row from 600 to 0 See also Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum References reflist 2 DEFAULTSORT Azolla Event Category Eocene ... Salviniales Category Climate history Category Greenhouse gases Link GA es ca Esdeveniment d Azolla es Evento Azolla nl Azolla event pt Evento Azolla ... more details
Mosquito Plant may refer to Azolla species duckweed ferns Pelargonium citrosum Citrosa Geranium, Citronella Plant Verbena officinalis Common Vervain disambig ... more details
Taxobox image Salvinia natans1.jpg image width 200px image caption Salvinia natans regnum Plant ae divisio Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Salviniaceae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Azolla Salvinia Salviniaceae including Azollaceae , is a family biology family of fern s. Category Salviniales Category Pteridophyta families Fern stub nl Vlotvarenfamilie ... more details
Pleuston are the organisms that live in the thin surface layer existing at the air water interface of a body of water as their habitat . ref cite web title Pleuston url http www.merriam webster.com dictionary pleuston work Merriam Webster Online ref Examples include some cyanobacteria , some gastropod s, the fern s Azolla and Salvinia and the seed plants Lemna , Wolffia , Pistia , Eichornia and Hydrocharis . The term pleuston was first used by Carl Schroeter in 1896. See also Neuston Reflist Category Botany Category Plant life form Category Ecological definitions Category Ecology Category Habitats ecology stub de Pleuston es Pleuston pl Pleuston sv Pleuston ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In biology , a microspore is a small spore as contrasted to the larger megaspore . In botany, microspores develop into male gametophyte s, whereas megaspores develop into female gametophytes. The combination of megaspores and microspores is found only in heterosporous organisms. In seed plant s the microspores give rise to the pollen grains, and the megaspores are formed within the developing seed. Most plant s that reproduce by spore without seed only produce one class of spore. In the fern s, the only heterosporous plants are aquatic or semi aquatic, including the genera Marsilea , Regnellidium , Pilularia , Salvinia , and Azolla . This condition is also known in the lycopod genus Selaginella and in the quillwort genus Iso tes . In zoology, the small swarm spores of Sarcodina are called microspores. Botany stub Category Plant reproduction ca Micr spora es Micr spora fr Microspore gl Microspora hy it Microspora sr ... more details
Non free fair use in Azolla event Source cite journal author Brinkhuis, H. coauthors Schouten, S. Collinson, M.E. Sluijs, A. Sinninghe Damst , J.S. Dickens, G.R. Huber, M. Cronin, T.M. Onodera, J. Takahashi, K. et al . year 2006 title Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean journal Nature volume 441 pages 7093 url http www.nature.com search executeSearch?sp q 9 NATURE&sp q Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean&sp c 10&sp x 9 cat&sp s date&submit go&sp a sp1001702d&sp sfvl field subject 7Cujournal&sp x 1 ujournal&sp p 1 phrase&sp p all doi 10.1038 nature04692 pmid 16752440 Rationale Used to illustrate the pal ogeography of the region, an essential point which is difficult to illustrate verbally. ... more details
A cyanobiont is a cyanobacteria cyanobacterium that lives in symbiosis with an eukaryote , sometimes inside the cells of the eukaryote. The cyanobiont nitrogen fixation fixes nitrogen , and sometimes also performs photosynthesis for the host organism. The cyanobiont is often Vertical transmission vertically transmitted , this is the case for cyanobionts of diatom s, lichen s, didemnid Ascidiacea ascidians , Azolla ferns and some sponge s. Some of these cyanobionts cannot live without the host organism. ref cite journal author Douglas AE, Raven JA title Genomes at the interface between bacteria and organelles journal Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences volume 358 issue 1429 pages 5 17 discussion 517 8 year 2003 month January pmid 12594915 pmc 1693093 doi 10.1098 rstb.2002.1188 ref References Reflist ecology stub Category Cyanobacteria Category Symbiosis ... more details
Year nav topic2 1890 paleontology science Year in paleontology header 1890 Dinosaurs border 0 style background transparent style width 100 width 90 width 5 width 5 style border 0px valign top class wikitable sortable align center width 100 Name Status colspan 2 Authors Notes Barosaurus Valid style border right 0px valign top Othniel Charles Marsh style border left 0px valign top Claosaurus Valid style border right 0px valign top Othniel Charles Marsh style border left 0px valign top Ornithomimus Valid style border right 0px valign top Othniel Charles Marsh style border left 0px valign top style border 0px valign top style border 0px valign top border 0 style height 100 align right style background transparent style height 1px File Ornithomimus edmontonicus.jpg thumb center 100px Ornithomimus . style height 30px Plesiosaurs Newly named plesiosaurs border 0 style background transparent style width 100 width 90 width 5 width 5 style border 0px valign top class wikitable sortable align center width 100 Name Status colspan 2 Authors Notes Anarosaurus Valid style border right 0px valign top Dames style border left 0px valign top style border 0px valign top style border 0px valign top border 0 style height 100 align right style background transparent style height 1px File Anhanguera.jpg thumb center 100px Anhanguera . style height 30px Plants Pteridophyta class wikitable sortable align center width 100 Name Status Authors Age Unit Location width 33 class unsortable Notes class unsortable Images Azollophyllum primaevum ref name Arnold1955 cite journal last1 Arnold first1 C.A. year 1955 title A Tertiary Azolla from British Columbia journal Contributions from the Museum of. Paleontology, University of Michigan volume 12 issue 4 pages 37 45 url http deepblue.lib.umich.edu bitstream 2027.42 48289 2 ID129.pdf ref jr synonym David P. Penhallow Penhallow Ypresian Early Eocene Allenby Formation flag Canada redescribed in 1955 by Chester A. Arnold Arnold as Azolla primaeva rowspan 9 ... more details
by the appearance of Azolla carpets on sections of the Canning River as this fern is known to reduce ... and other nutrients from the water. However, it is possible that Azolla carpets can cause deoxygenation ... River without the Azolla in February 2006. Image Canning rv azolla 10 gnangarra.jpg thumb 350px Same location covered in a carpet of Azolla March 2007. br clear all See also Head of the River Australia ... more details
Year nav topic2 1955 paleontology science Year in paleontology header 1955 Dinosaurs Massospondylus gastroliths are documented. ref name bond sanders Bond 1955 . Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter 2001 , Table 12.1 page 167. ref Newly named dinosaurs Data courtesy of George Olshevsky s dinosaur genera list ref name ddinogeorge cite web last Olshevsky first George title Dinogeorge s Dinosaur Genera List url http www.polychora.com dinolist.html accessdate 2008 08 07 ref and Dr. Jeremy Montague s dinosaur genus database. ref name montaguedatabase cite web last Montague first Jeremy title Dr. Montague s Database url http www.barry.edu bio300 pdf montague 20dino 20web 20data 2012 3 2005.pdf accessdate 2008 10 29 ref class wikitable sortable align center width 100 Name Status colspan 2 Authors class unsortable Notes class unsortable Images Majungasaurus ref Lavocat, R. 1955. Sur une portion de mandibule de th repode provenant de Cr tace sup rieur de Madagascar. Bull. Musee Natl. d Histoire Nat. ser. 2 27 pp. 256 259. ref Valid taxon style border right 0px valign top Ren Lavocat style border left 0px valign top rowspan 35 Image TarbosaurusDB.jpg thumb center 200px Tarbosaurus Tarbosaurus ref cite journal last Maleev first E. A. year 1955 trans title Gigantic carnivorous dinosaurs of Mongolia journal Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR volume 104 pages 634 637 ref Valid taxon style border right 0px valign top Evgeny Maleev style border left 0px valign top Plants Pteridophyta class wikitable sortable align center width 100 Name Status Authors Age Unit Location width 33 class unsortable Notes class unsortable Images Azolla primaeva ref name Arnold1955 cite journal last1 Arnold first1 C.A. year 1955 title A Tertiary Azolla from British Columbia journal Contributions from the Museum of. Paleontology, University of Michigan volume 12 issue 4 pages 37 45 url http deepblue.lib.umich.edu bitstream 2027.42 48289 2 ID129.pdf ref Valid Chester A. Arnold Arnold Ypresian Early Eocene Allenby Format ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Samea multiplicalis image image width image caption image2 image2 width image2 caption regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a subphylum Hexapoda classis Insect a ordo Lepidoptera familia Crambidae tribus genus Samea species S. multiplicalis binomial Samea multiplicalis binomial authority Guen e, 1854 ref cite web url http globiz.pyraloidea.org Pages Reports TaxonReport.aspx?ReturnUrl 2fPages 2fReports 2fTaxonomyReport.aspx title globiz.pyraloidea.org publisher globiz.pyraloidea.org date accessdate 2011 10 18 ref ref cite web url http mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu species.php?hodges 5151 title mothphotographersgroup publisher Mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu date accessdate 2011 10 18 ref synonyms Isopteryx multiplicalis small Guen e, 1854 small Samea discessalis small Walker, 1866 small The Salvinia Stem borer Moth Samea multiplicalis is a species of moth of the Crambidae family. It is found from the south eastern United States south to Argentina . ref cite web url http bugguide.net node view 8154 title Bug Guide publisher Bug Guide date accessdate 2011 10 18 ref It is an introduced species in Australia , where it is found in Queensland and New South Wales . ref cite web url http lepidoptera.butterflyhouse.com.au pyru multip.html title Australian Insects publisher Lepidoptera.butterflyhouse.com.au date 2010 07 19 accessdate 2011 10 18 ref Image Samea multiplicalis larva.jpg thumb left 200px Larva Image Samea multiplicalis damage.jpg thumb left 200px Damage The wingspan is about 20 mm. Adults are tan with darker markings on both the forewings and hindwings. The larvae feed on the leaves of Pistia stratiotes , Salvinia rotundifolia , Azolla caroliniana , and occasionally Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna species. They often feed inside a shelter formed of silk and hairs, although this is not always present. Young larvae are dirty white to pale yellow. They become yellow green when full grown. Pupation takes place within a silk cocoon in the ... more details
italictitle Taxobox image image width image caption name regnum Bacteria phylum Cyanobacteria classis see http ijs.sgmjournals.org cgi content abstract 54 5 1895 proposal ordo Nostocales familia Nostocaceae genus Nostoc species N. punctiforme binomial Nostoc punctiforme Nostoc punctiforme is a species of filamentous cyanobacteria . Under non limiting nutritional environmental conditions, its filaments are composed of Photosynthesis photosynthetic vegetative cells upon nutrient limitation, some of these cells undergo Cell differentiation differentiation into Heterocyst heterocysts , Akinete akinetes or Hormogonium hormogonia ref name Meeks cite journal last Meeks first JC coauthors EL Campbell, ML Summers, FC Wong title Cellular differentiation in the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme journal Arch Microbiol year 2002 volume 178 issue 6 pages 395 403 doi 10.1007 s00203 002 0476 5 url http www.springerlink.com content y12gjnj8hfjj48cb accessdate 11 December 2011 ref . N. punctiforme is one of the Nostoc strains able to maintain Diazotroph diazotrophic symbiosis with Vascular plant higher plants such as the bryophyte bryophytes Anthocerus punctatus and Blasia pusilla , water ferns from the genus Azolla , the cycads Macrozamia spp., and the angiosperm Gunnera ref name Meeks2 cite journal last Meeks first JC title Symbiosis between Nitrogen Fixing Cyanobacteria and Plants journal BioScience year 1998 volume 48 issue 4 pages 266 276 url http www.jstor.org stable 1313353 accessdate 11 December 2011 ref . References reflist External links http genome.jgi.doe.gov nospu nospu.home.html Genome sequencing project page of Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 Category Cyanobacteria bacteria stub cs Nostoc punctiforme ... more details
Taxobox image Salvinia natans1.jpg image width 200px image caption Salvinia natans regnum Plant ae divisio Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Salviniaceae genus Salvinia genus authority Jean Fran ois S guier S g. subdivision ranks species subdivision Salvinia auriculata Salvinia biloba Salvinia cucullata Salvinia cyathiformis Salvinia hastata Salvinia herzogii Salvinia minima Salvinia molesta Salvinia natans Salvinia nymphellula Salvinia oblongifolia Salvinia radula Salvinia rotundifolia Salvinia sprucei Image American lotus at Caney Lakes, Minden, LA IMG 2181.jpg 200px right thumb font size 2 Salvinia fails to deter these swimmers at Caney Lakes Recreation Area near Minden, Louisiana Minden , Louisiana 2009 . font size 2 Salvinia , a genus in the family biology family Salviniaceae , is a floating fern named in honor of Antonio Maria Salvini , a 17th Century Italian scientist. The genus was published by Jean Fran ois S guier S guier , in Pl. Veron. 3 52. 1754. About ten species exist. Salvinia is related to the other water ferns, including the Mosquito fern Azolla . Recent sources include both Azolla and Salvinia in Salviniaceae, although each genus was formerly given its own family. Salvinia , like the other ferns in order biology order Salviniales are heterosporous, producing spores of differing sizes. However, leaf development in Salvinia is unique. The upper side of the floating leaf, which appears to face the stem axis, is morphologically abaxial J. G. Croxdale 1978, 1979, 1981 . The plants pose a particular hindrance on certain lakes, having choked off much of the water in Lake Bistineau near Doyline, Louisiana Doyline in Webster Parish, Louisiana Webster Parish , Louisiana . Other problems have persisted in a second Webster Parish site, Caney Lakes Recreation Area . ref cite web url http www.lakebistineau.com salvinia index.htm title Lake Bistineau Salvinia Information Page publisher lakebistineau.com accessdate August 25, 2009 ref Dis ... more details
name Canadian and Azolla primaeva . ref name Arnold1955 cite journal last1 Arnold first1 C.A. year 1955 title A Tertiary Azolla from British Columbia journal Contributions from the Museum of. Paleontology ... more details
. The Wonder Fern Azolla Co authored with Dr. Kamalasanan Pillai 2009. Discoursing the Cultural Heritage ... Malhotra India The Amaryllis Publishers 2009 The Wonder Fern Azolla Co authored with Dr. Kamalasanan ... more details
The Orto Botanico dell Universit di Perugia 20,000 m is a botanical garden operated by the University of Perugia . It is located at Borgo XX Giugno 74, Perugia , Umbria , Italy , and open to the public daily. Today s garden was established in 1962 between Via San Costanzo and Via Romana, as a successor to Perugia s first botanical garden 1768 , which was moved and re established several times over the centuries. It currently contains about 3000 species , including Aquatic plants Azolla filiculoides , Caltha palustris , Cyperus papyrus , Eichhornia crassipes , Iris pseudacorus , Lemna minor , Ligularia tussilaginea , Lythrum salicaria , Nelumbo nucifera , Nymphaea , Pistia stratiotes , Salvinia natans , and Trapa natans . Arboretum Castanea , Beech Fagus , Loranthus , Populus , Quercus , Salix , and Viscum . Fruits Amelanchier , Carya olivaeformis C. oliviformis , a synonym of C. illinoinensis , Coffea arabica , Fragaria , Malus , Musa , Nephelium litchi , papaya , Piper nigrum , Psidium , Ribes , Rubus , Prunus , and Sorbus . Succulents Aeonium , Aloe , Bowiea volubilis , Cereus , Ceropegia , Cotyledon , Crassula lycopodioides , Espostoa , Euphorbiaceae , Gasteria , Hawortia , Kalanchoe , Pachypodium , Sedum , Sempervivum , and Stapelia . Tropical and subtropical plants Cajanus cajan , Cucurbita foetidissima , Dracaena draco , Erythrina crista galli , Feijoa sellowiana , Persea americana , Plumeria alba , Psophocarpus tetragonolobus , and Tamarillo . Useful plants Althaea , Angelica , Atropa , Carlina , Conium , Digitalis , Humulus , Inula , Levisticum , Malva , Marrubium , Mentha , Rheum genus Rheum , Salvia , Savory , Solanum , Tanacetum , Thymus , and Valeriana . It also contains an alpine garden , zen garden , and greenhouse 700 m . See also List of botanical gardens in Italy References http www.unipg.it camso1 Orti.htm Orto Botanico dell Universit di Perugia http www.horti.unimore.it CD Perugia obpg home.html Horti entry Italian M. Bencivenga, L Orto botanico ... more details
Taxobox regnum Plant ae divisio Pteridophyta classis Pteridopsida ordo Salviniales familia Marsileaceae genus Pilularia species P. americana binomial Pilularia americana binomial authority A.Braun The American pillwort , Pilularia americana small A. Braun small is an unusual species of fern. It is in the aquatic fern family Marsileaceae , and is related to the Marsilea water clovers and also to Azolla and Salvinia . Description The pillwort, along with all other aquatic ferns in the order Salviniales , exhibits heterospory and forms hard, seed like sporocarp s, which is distinctively different from most ferns. The ferns in the Pilularia genus also have lost their leaf blades, with only the grass like Stipe botany stipe remaining. However, this plant retains the circinate vernation characteristic of most ferns. Distribution The range of the American pillwort is well established throughout much of California and south central Oregon . However, mostly only local occurrences have been found elsewhere. It is uncertain whether this reflects a genuinely sporadic occurrence, or whether this is a reflection of the fact that this is a small, grasslike, extremely easily overlooked plant. Close examination is often necessary to ascertain that this is a Pilularia . Recent research has determined that the plants normally assigned to P. americana are actually two different cryptic species. The plants in most of the United States range are true americana , while plants in southernmost California and Mexico are different. file pilularia americana rangemap.gif center thumb 400px Cultivation This plant is easily grown given a suitable habitat and kept uncrowded. The pillwort also may die out for drier or colder parts of the season, regenerating the next year from the sporocarps. While it is in the aquatic fern group, it prefers to be emergent in shallow water, with fronds emerging into the air or growing completely emersed fronds completely out of water , though preferring to be roote ... more details
down of carbon dioxide was the Azolla event at around 49 million years ago. ref name Speelman7 With the equable ... of azolla , which is a floating aquatic fern, on the Arctic Ocean . Compared to current carbon dioxide levels, these azolla grew rapidly in the enhanced carbon dioxide levels found in the early Eocene. As these azolla sank into the Arctic Ocean, they became buried and sequestered their carbon into the seabed .... ref name Speelman7 Assuming the carbon dioxide concentrations were at 900 ppmv prior to the Azolla Event they would have dropped to 430 ppmv, or 40 ppmv more than they are today, after the Azolla Event ... to cooling transition was the Azolla event . The increased warmth at the poles, the isolated Arctic basin during the early Eocene, and the significantly high amounts of carbon dioxide possibly led to azolla ... Ocean led to stagnant waters and as the azolla sank to the sea floor, they became part of the sediments and effectively sequestered the carbon. The ability for the azolla to sequester carbon is exceptional, and the enhanced burial of azolla could have had a significant effect on the world atmospheric ... Speelman, E. N., and Coauthors, 2009 The Eocene Arctic Azolla bloom environmental conditions, productivity ... more details
of Caspian Nelumbo lotus Nelumbo caspicum and mats of Azolla filiculoides fern. Prior to 1950 the Anzali ... the non native water fern, Azolla filiculoides , and this has caused increased eutrophication ... 2.3.3 Azolla invasion Fish, Fisheries and Water Quality in Anzali Lagoon and Its Watershed Food ... more details
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