An ashcancopy is a term that originated in the Golden Age of Comic Books , meant to describe a publication produced solely for legal purposes such as trademark , and not normally intended for Distribution business distribution . ref cite book last Rhoades first Shirrel title Comic books how the industry works publisher Peter Lang year 2008 page 329 isbn 9781433101076 url http books.google.com books?id O16BXbITZwEC ref Origins The word wikt ashcanashcan is an older synonym for wastebasket, trashcan, or other garbage receptacle, intended for ashes from a fire. The implication in comic publishing is that the printed material will go straight from the printer to the trash, which was often the case. Ashcan editions frequently contained unlettered stories, unfinished art or even just whatever wastepaper had been conveniently available at the time. Their purpose was simply to justify the publisher s claim to a title, thereby preventing a competitor from publishing a similar title. Ashcans were also produced to demonstrate the publications to potential advertisers. Examples One well known example is Flash Comics 1 by Fawcett Comics , which introduced Captain Thunder later Captain Marvel DC Comics Captain Marvel . Competitors had already published a Flash Comics title, and created a character named Captain Thunder , so the Flash Comics ashcan failed to claim those trademarks for the company, but it did establish a publication date for copyright purposes. Similar practices are seen in other industries a well known film example is the 1994 version of The Fantastic Four film The Fantastic Four , produced by Roger Corman , made only to maintain the license to the property. The movie had a 2 million budget and was not distributed. ref cite book last Rhoades first Shirrel title A complete history of American comic books publisher Peter Lang year 2008 page 264 isbn 9780820488929 url http books.google.com books?id Jn4qwJ7LdMUC ref Contemporary usage In modern comics, ashcan editions ... more details
Wiktionary ashcanAshcan may refer to Ashcan waste , a container Ashcan weapon , an anti submarine weapon Ashcancopy , a comic book publication produced solely for legal purposes Ashcan School , a realist artistic movement Ashcan brand , an apparel company catering primarily to the fixed gear bicycle scene disambig ... more details
Wiktionary copyCopy may refer to to copy a word from a book to a paper or laptop or computer Copying or the product of copying including the plural copies the duplication of information or an artifact Cut, copy, and paste , a method of reproducing text or other data in computing Photocopying , a process which makes paper copies of documents and other visual images Fax , a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies of documents, especially over the telephone network Facsimile , a copy or reproduction that is as true to the original source as possible Replica , a copy closely resembling the original concerning its shape and appearance Term of art in US copyright law meaning a material object in which a work of authorship has been embodied, such as a book Procedure word ROGER.2C RECEIVED.2C ROMEO.2C COPYCopy procedure word , a response indicating satisfactory receipt of last radio transmission Copy command , a shell command Copy written , written content in publications, in contrast to photographs or other elements of layout Copy album , the debut album of the electronica artist Mitsuki Aira Copy musician , the Portland based electronic music artist disambig Interlanguage links de Kopie fr Copie mk ja ru ... more details
Infobox film name Good Copy Bad Copy image GDBC.png caption A documentary about the current state of copyright and culture. director Andreas Johnsen br Ralf Christensen br Henrik Moltke producer Rosforth writer starring music RJD2 br Track72 br Phoenicia br John Tejada br REQ br Shex br Santogold br Rex Lawson br Dr. Victor Olaiya br Pharfar br Girl Talk musician Girl Talk br Danger Mouse br Mikkel ... by followed by mpaa rating tv rating website Good Copy Bad Copy , A documentary about the current ... to their authoring copyright presents. The interviews featured in Good Copy Bad Copy acknowledge a recent ... and copyright . Good Copy Bad Copy documents the conflict between current copyright law and recent ... for parties and concerts that generate revenue. Good Copy Bad Copy also includes interview segments ... Good Copy Bad Copy About ref ref http www.goodcopybadcopy.net credits Good Copy Bad Copy Credits ref ... as a BitTorrent protocol BitTorrent download. The filmmakers hope that releasing Good Copy Bad Copy for free will raise awareness and lead to other local broadcasting networks to show the documentary ... http goodcopybadcopy.blip.tv Good Copy Bad Copy on blip.tv ref On the 8th of May, 2008, Good Copy Bad Copy was shown on SVT2 , Swedish Television. ref http henrikmoltke.dk 2008 05 good copy bad copy on swedish tv svt2.html Good Copy Bad Copy on Swedish TV ref On the 8th of September, 2009, Good Copy Bad Copy was shown on YLE FST5 , Finnish Television. On the 5th of January 2010, Good Copy Bad Copy ... trailer are available on YouTube , ref YouTube N9vaQ9Ncmps Good Copy Bad Copy unofficial trailer ... YouTube user Aristosek includes the full film of Good Copy Bad Copy with Polish subtitles ref and the full film is on Google Video and blip.tv. ref google video 4323661317653995812 Good Copy Bad Copy ... Commons Category The Pirate Bay Category Free software culture and documents es Good Copy Bad Copy ja GOOD COPY BAD COPY pt Good Copy Bad Copy ... more details
Summary Lake LouAnn at The Pines Catholic Camp, Taken by Pines Staff Licensing PD self date March 2008 Orphan image Copy to Wikimedia Commons bot Fbot ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Copy refers to written material, in contrast to photographs or other elements of layout, in a large number of contexts, including magazines, advertising, and book publishing. In advertising , web marketing and similar fields, copy refers to the output of Copywriting copywriters , who are employed to write material which encourages consumer s to buy goods or services. In publishing more generally, the term copy refers to the text in books , magazines, and newspapers. In books, it means the text as written by the author, which the copy editing copy editor then prepares for typesetting and printing . In newspapers and magazines, body copy , the main article or text that writer s are responsible for, is contrasted with display copy, accompanying material such as headline s and caption s, which are usually written by copy editors or sub editors. See also Hard copy Copywriting Copy editing Publishing Book Publishing Process References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Copy Written Category Publishing terms Category Editing Lit stub cs Kopie de Typoskript et Koopia eo Kopio kk nl Kopij simple Copy sk K pia fi Kopio uk zh ... more details
nofootnotes date December 2008 Image US 69, 9 mi to Pryor.jpg thumb A distance sign in Oklahoma using button copy Button copy is a term describing the method of manufacture of older road sign s in the United States . Button copy signs contain rows of embedded reflectors outlining the legend of the sign, for better visibility at night. The embedded reflectors would stand out against the non reflective background of the sign, giving the legend better contrast and making it easier to read. triple image left Button copy M alternate .jpg 62 Button copy arrow.jpg 63 Button copy I 10.jpg 86 Button copy on a letter, arrow, and route marker from Image I10 800.jpeg a sign in Los Angeles Near the end of the 20th century, newer Scotchlite retroreflective designs were invented, and provided both a lower cost due to the ability to be laid out with a computer and better reflectivity. Because of this, more and more states stopped installing new button copy signs, switching instead to the retroreflective sheeting signs. gallery Image Buttoncopy5.jpg button copy overhead sign on Interstate 270 Ohio I 270 in Ohio, including button copy shield outline and numerals Image Buttoncopy3.jpg button copy overheads at I 71 I 76 interchange in Ohio, showing reflection of button reflectors in camera flash Image Buttoncopy4.jpg button copy sign on US 30 in Ohio, showing reflection of buttons in letters, shield numerals and outline, and arrow gallery References commonscat Button Copy Moeur, Richard. http trafficsign.us signtypeface.html Sign Typefaces. Manual of Traffic Signs . 22 April 2005. URL accessed 28 May 2006. Moeur, Richard. http groups.google.com group misc.transport.road msg 3d4e957b8741f740 Farewell to Button Copy . Post to Usenet misc.transport.road 17 Dec 2000. See also Demountable copy another sign manufacturing technology Category Traffic signs US road stub de Button Copy ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 In photography , a copy stand is a device used to copy images and or text with a camera . The stand consists of a board onto which the media is placed and a tripod mount parallel to it, usually with an adjustable height. Light is provided by bright lamps mounted on either side of the media at forty five degree angles. This provides uniform lighting and reduces specular reflection , keeping glare low. In film cameras, copy stands are traditionally used with slide film . The fine resolution of slide film allows the images to be reproduced with high fidelity when they are projected. Reprography Copy stands can be used for reprography that is, to copy documents . To do so, the camera is mounted, usually with a standard 1 4 tripod mount screw, onto the stand, pointing the lens down at the base, where the document to be copied would be placed. Forensics Copy stands can be used in forensics to photograph evidence, in much the same way documents are reproduced. Evidence is brought to the lab, placed on the copy stand and recorded. Some copy stands designed for forensic use have ultraviolet light sources on them, to illuminate latent fingerprints. Animation Copy stands are sometimes recommended as a low cost alternative to a full featured animation stand for traditional cel animation , especially when using small film formats such as Super 8 mm film Super 8 . Category Photography equipment ... more details
more footnotes date August 2011 Journalism Copy editing also written as copy editing or copyediting , and sometimes ..., style, and accuracy of text. Unlike general editing, copy editing might not involve changing the substance of the text. copy written Copy refers to written or typewritten text for typesetting , printing , or publication . Copy editing is done before both typesetting and proofreading , the latter of which ... this work is called a copy editor , and an organization s highest ranking copy editor, or the supervising editor of a group of copy editors, may be known as the copy chief , copy desk chief , or news ... , the term copy editor is used, but in newspaper and magazine publishing, the term is sub editor ... called the chief sub editor . As the sub prefix suggests, U.K. copy editors typically have less authority than regular editors. The term copy editor may also be spelled as one word or in hyphenated form copyedit and copy edit . The hyphenated form is especially common in the UK in the U.S. newspaper field, using the two word form is more common. Overview The five Cs summarize the copy editor s job Make the copy clear, correct, concise, complete, and consistent. Copy editors should make it say what it means, and mean what it says . Typically, copy editing involves correcting misspelling ... of Style or the Associated Press Stylebook . Copy editors may abridgment shorten the text, to improve it or to fit length limits. This is particularly so in periodical publishing, where copy must be cut to fit a particular layout, and the text changed to ensure there are no short lines. Often, copy editors are also responsible for adding any display copy , such as headline s, standardized page ... copy editing, frequently it is one of the tasks performed by copy editors. Copy editors are expected ... have been addressed. If a passage is unclear or an assertion seems questionable, the copy editor may ask the writer to clarify it. Sometimes, the copy editor is the only person, other than the writer ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 unreferenced date September 2008 Image K 99 mileage sign closeup.jpg thumb right A demountable copy sign along K 99 Kansas highway K 99 in Emporia, Kansas . Demountable copy is a term describing the method of manufacture of some signs in the United States . Demountable copy signage is built by attaching mass produced sheet metal characters and graphics, such as route shield s and arrows to the sign face, through means such as screws or rivets. Because of the ability to remove the preformed metal characters from the sign, demountable copy signs can be easily altered to change their message by removing unwanted sections of the legend and installing new elements. However, newly manufactured characters must be stored until their use, which could potentially take up much more space than the rolls of retroreflective sheeting required for direct applied copy. The Kansas Department of Transportation uses demountable copy extensively on its freeway signage. See also Button copy Older style of sign manufacture no longer commonly used Scotchlite common material for direct applied copy Category Traffic signs US road stub ... more details
A copy constructor is a special Constructor computer science constructor in the C programming language for creating a new Object computer science object Object copy as a copy of an existing object. The first ... . Normally the compiler automatically creates a copy constructor for each Class computer science class known as a default copy constructor but for special cases the programmer creates the copy constructor, known as a user defined copy constructor. In such cases, the compiler does not create one. Hence, there is always one copy constructor that is either defined by the user or by the system. A user defined copy constructor is generally needed when an object owns Data pointer pointers or non shareable ... by the use of a copy constructor and an Assignment operator in C assignment operator . A copy constructor ...?sku INCITS 2FISO 2FIEC 14882 2D2003 ref The following would be valid copy constructors for class code X code source lang cpp X const X& copy from me X X& copy from me X const volatile X& copy from me X volatile X& copy from me X const X& copy from me, int 10 X const X& copy from me, double 1.0, int .... For example source lang cpp X a X valid given X const X& copy from me but not valid given X X& copy ... by invoking the default constructor of X, then uses the copy constructor to initialize a as a copy ... X& copy from me but not valid given X X& copy from me because the second wants a non const X& source The code X& code form of the copy constructor is used when it is necessary to modify the copied object ... must be provided source lang cpp X a X b a valid if any of the copy constructors are defined since a reference is being passed. source The following are invalid copy constructors Reason code copy from me code is not passed as reference source lang cpp X X copy from me X const X copy from me source because the call to those constructors would require a copy as well, which would result in an infinitely recursive call. The following cases may result in a call to a copy constructor When an object ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 primarysources date January 2008 Copy Exactly is a factory strategy model developed by the computer chip manufacturer, Intel Corp. Intel , to build new manufacturing facilities with high capacity practices already in place. ref http www.intel.com pressroom kits manufacturing copy exactly bkgrnd.htm Virtual Press Kit Intel s Worldwide Manufacturing Operations Backgrounder Copy Exactly Factory Strategy Bot generated title ref References Reflist Category Intel Corporation Business stub ... more details
An association copy is a copy of a book that has been Inscription inscribed and Autograph signed by the author to someone somehow associated with the book or its author. Common cases include books inscribed by the author to a personal friend or colleague , books inscribed by the author to some other Celebrity famous person , and books inscribed by the author to someone upon whom a Fictional character character in the book is thought or known to have been based. Association copies are highly collectable . DEFAULTSORT Association Copy Category Book collecting book stub sv Associationsexemplar ... more details
Refimprove date April 2008 lowercase In computing , code copy code is a command computing command in RT 11 , RSX 11 , OpenVMS , DOS , OS 2 and Microsoft Windows operating system s. The command File copying copies computer file s from one directory file systems directory to another. The destination defaults to the current working directory . If more than one source file is indicated, the destination must be a directory. The equivalent Unix command is code Cp Unix cp code . A more advanced copy command is called code xcopy code . Example for PC DOS copy letter.txt destination Files may be copied to device file s e.g. code copy letter.txt lpt1 code sends the file to the Computer printer printer on lpt1. code copy letter.txt con code would output to stdout , like the code type command type code command. Note that code copy page1.txt page2.txt book.txt code will concatenation concatenate the files and output them as code book.txt code . Which is just like the code cat Unix cat code command. There are two Command line argument Command line switch command line switches to modify the behaviour when concatenating files Text mode This copies the text content of the file, stopping when it reaches the End of file EOF character. copy a doc1.txt doc2.txt doc3.txt Binary mode This concatenates files in their entirety, ignoring EOF characters. copy b image1.jpg image2.jpg image3.jpg See also List of DOS commands List of Unix programs Peripheral Interchange Program References http technet.microsoft.com en us library bb490886.aspx Microsoft TechNet Copy article reflist Windows commands Category DOS commands Category Microcomputer software Category Windows administration Category File copy utility storage software stub windows stub fa Copy ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2009 Copy on write sometimes referred to as COW is an Optimization computer science optimization strategy used in computer programming . The fundamental idea is that if multiple callers ask for resources which are initially indistinguishable, they can all be given pointers to the same resource. This function can be maintained until a caller tries to modify its copy of the resource, at which point a true private copy is created to prevent the changes becoming visible to everyone ... is that if a caller never makes any modifications, no private copy need ever be created. Copy on write in virtual memory Copy on write finds its main use in virtual memory operating system s when a computer process process creates a copy of itself, the pages in computer storage memory that might be modified by either the process or its copy are marked copy on write. When one process modifies ... the memory is allocated, the pages returned all refer to the page of zeros and are all marked as copy ... data is written. This is typically only done for larger allocations. Copy on write can be implemented ..., it must copy any such pages marked copy on write. Other applications of copy on write COW is also ... library , for example, was specifically designed to allow copy on write implementations source lang ..., again without the use of performance expensive locking mechanisms. The benefit of not having to copy ... a pre modification copy of data when underlying data are updated. Instant snapshots are used for testing ... and Microsoft Shadow Copy Volume Shadow Copy Service . The copy on write technique can be used ... Volume Manager Linux R1Soft Hot copy Shadow Copy Category Virtual memory Category Virtualization software Category Software optimization Category Articles with example C code cs Copy on write de Copy On Write es Copy on write fr Copy On Write it Copy on write ja pl Kopiowanie przy zapisie ru simple Copy on write zh ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2008 Soft copy and hard copy are types of output. A soft copy is the unprinted Computer file digital document file . This term is often contrasted with hard copy . It can usually be viewed through an appropriate editing program, such as word processing programs, database programs, or presentation software , depending on the file type. It can be transported from one computer to another through file transfer downloading mechanisms such as ftp or http , as an email attachment, or through USB flash drive USB drives and other disk drives . Keeping a digital copy of a document can allow easy editing of it later on. See hard copy for information about printed documents. Using soft copies of work over traditional printed documents eliminates the need for paper and ink . Multiple copies of the same document can be kept in different versions, allowing the user to easily backtrack to an earlier version. Also, soft copies are more easily manipulated by users than hard copy hard copies , which can be both an advantage and a disadvantage. When soft copies are kept on storage devices, they conserve office space. Softcopy documents are more portable compared to hardcopy because it is not bulky like hardcopy. software type stub Category Word processors ko ... more details
Refimprove date February 2010 Image Copy control logo.png thumb right Copy Control logo Copy Control was the generic name of a copy prevention system, used from 2001 until 2006 on several digital audio ... States, and Australia . It should not be confused with the CopyControl computer software copy protection ... intended as a means of copy protecting Compact Disc compact disc s, Copy Control discs cannot properly ... with copy control until 2004. EMI kept using it until June 2006, when they dropped it. In the United States, Universal Music Group experimented with copy control on a few soundtracks in 2001 ... 2006, Cactus Data Shield , the Macrovision technology behind Copy Control, is no longer listed as a product .... ref http www.macrovision.com Macrovision Copy Protection, Software Licensing, and Digital Rights Management ... that EMI had decided to abandon Copy Control worldwide. Until then, it had been unclear whether EMI had completely abandoned it. There was no press release. Background The Copy Control protections ... the more recent DVD s, the CD standard specifies no inherent form of copy protection or other digital rights management . Copy Control is one of a number of attempts to apply copy protection on top .... Nevertheless, EMI s labelling of some Copy Controlled discs attempted to override consumers statutory ... from Copy Control releases As the Copy Control discs do not conform to the requirements of the Red ... by Philips . A Copy Control CD which would not play in a car CD player was deemed defective in a France French 2003 lawsuit, and every recent Copy Control released disc carries visible Copy Control ..., for example car CD players . Nevertheless, the discs are frequently referred to as CDs or copy protected CDs in music stores and in colloquial language. Circumvention A Copy Control disc will appear ... that might cause a read error, such as dust and scratches resulting from normal use. Copy Control ... speed. This weakness, inherent in all digital copy prevention systems, is known as the analog ... more details
A copy boy is a typically young and junior worker on a newspaper . The job involves taking typed stories from one section of a newspaper to another. blockquote Reporter s typed their stories on slips of butcher s paper...then a copy boy ran the story into the neighbouring subs room, hence the cry of copy . Each slip of the story had about six carbon copies...stapled together and it was the job of the copy boy or girl to separate the original and run it to the subs, and then separate the carbons for distribution. from Guthrie, 2010 . blockquote Former copy boys Charles Blackman John Curtin Larry Emdur Bob Geraghty Bruce Guthrie Andy Rooney ref http www.legacy.com obituaries saltlaketribune obituary.aspx?n andy rooney&pid 154466194 ref Gary Snyder John Updike References reflist http readingeagle.com article.aspx?id 123240 Man Bites Murdoch by Bruce Guthrie, Melbourne University Press, 2010 http www.canberratimes.com.au news local news general copy boy became a captain of his industry 813080.aspx http www.abc.net.au schoolstv australians curtin.htm Category Journalism occupations ... more details
Digital Copy launched in 2007 provides consumers who purchase a film on DVD or Blu ray Disc with an additional, digital copy of the movie for devices capable of operating with a computer file file in contrast to a DVD. Features Anchors Technical details Features There are two types of digital copy. The first is a copy already made in advance and included on the disc. The second is created dynamically ... rights management DRM systems and technical parameters are used for the digital copy file. Digital Copy systems based on existing pregenerated files are less flexible than dynamic Transcode transcoding solutions. Digital Copy files based on existing files include only one audio track and no Subtitle ... Copy files based on transcoding solutions can use the correct audio track and Subtitle captioning subtitle based on the user s location or choice and individually create the digital copy based on the target .... Most often, Digital Copy solutions offer Windows Media or Apple Inc Apple iTunes files with their respective ... the internet. Alternatively, content owners can offer the Digital Copy feature as a paid service. Often the authentication code has an expiration date rendering the copy invalid if unused before this time. ref Cite web title Digital Copy url http www.amazon.com Digital Copy DVD publisher Amazon.com quote The Digital Copy on The Dark Knight, for example, expires on December 9, 2009, one year after ... Musgrove title Digital Copy New DVDs and Blu ray Discs Bundled With iPod friendly Files url http voices.washingtonpost.com posttech 2008 04 digital copy new dvds and blur.html work Washington Post ... Frontier Foundation described Digital Copy schemes as stealing your fair use rights and selling ... a personal copy of a DVD to put on a portable video player, even if they own the DVD. ref Cite ... describes the Digital Copy as nonsense, a feature that is no feature at all. He criticizes it as an attempt ... date December 7, 2008 title Digital Copy A feature that s no feature url http blogs.computerworld.com ... more details
wikify date February 2011 A copy typist is someone who specialises in typing text from a source which they read. Professional overview Copy typists learn to touch type at a high speed, which means they can look at the Copy written copy they are typing and do not need to look at the Keyboard computing keyboard they are typing on. The source, or original document is called Copy written the copy . They have the document to be typed in front of them and the copy is often held in a copyholder . The adjustable arm on the copyholder aids legibility and maximises the typing speed. There could also be an adjustable ruler and marker to help the typist keep their position when they are interrupted, clips to hold the pages in place, and a light. Copy can be hand written notes perhaps from an author of a book, a play, or a tv show. It might be their own notes in shorthand perhaps minutes from a meeting or notes from a talk , lecture or presentation . In the past when word processors were not available and few people could type they would have typed up dissertations , research papers and letters that had been hand written by the authors. An urgent letter which was typed up was often signed by the secretary with a Procuration pp or was otherwise given back to the sender to sign before dispatch. A copy typist or a secretary with this skill will quote their speed in words per minute abbreviated to wpm on their CV and may be asked to demonstrate their speed and accuracy of this skill as part of the interview or application process. See audio typist for someone who uses an audio source for the documents they are typing. See also Personal assistant Receptionist Secretary Administration business Administrator Data entry clerk References Reflist External links Category Office and administrative support occupations uk ... more details
An object copy is an action in computing where a data object has its attribute computing attributes copied ... copy double image right shallow copy in progress.svg 200 shallow copy done.svg 200 A shallow copy in progress. A shallow copy having been completed. A shallow copy in progress. A shallow copy having been completed. One method of copying an object is the shallow copy. In this process, B is attached to the same memory block as A. This is otherwise known as address copy. This results in a situation ... block are shallow copies. Deep copy double image right deep copy in progress.svg 200 deep copy done.svg 200 A deep copy in progress. A deep copy having been completed. A deep copy in progress. A deep copy having been completed. An alternative is a deep copy. Here the data are actually copied over. The result is different from the result a shallow copy gives. The advantage is that A and B do not depend on each other but at the cost of a slower more expensive copy. Lazy copy A lazy copy is a combination of both strategies above. When initially copying an object, a fast shallow copy ... copy if necessary. Lazy copy looks to the outside just as a deep copy but takes advantage of the speed of a shallow copy whenever possible. The downside are rather high but constant base costs because of the counter. Also, in certain situations, circular reference s can also cause problems. Lazy copy is related to copy on write . Implementation Nearly all object oriented programming language s provide some way to copy objects. As the majority of languages do not provide most objects themselves ... can attack this problem. In C main copy constructor C is designed so that user defined types should ... any class to define a copy constructor and an assignment operator. C provides default versions of these which perform a memberwise copy, but any class is free to disable copying or define its own copy behaviour. In Java Unlike in C , objects in Java are always accessed indirectly through ... more details
ref improve date December 2011 Zero copy describes computer operations in which the Central processing unit CPU does not perform the task of copying data from one RAM memory area to another. This is most often used to save on processing power and memory use when sending files over a network. Principle Zero copy versions of operating system elements such as device driver s, file system s, and network protocol stack s greatly increase the performance of certain application programs and more efficiently utilize system resources. Performance is enhanced by allowing the CPU to move on to other tasks while data copies proceed in parallel in another part of the machine. Also, zero copy operations reduce the number of time consuming mode switches between user space and kernel space. System resources are utilized more efficiently since using a sophisticated CPU to perform extensive copy operations ... of those data copies use the CPU. Sending the same file via zero copy reduces the context switches to two, and eliminates either half, or all CPU data copies. Zero copy protocols are especially important ... of incoming data. Implementation Techniques for creating zero copy software include the use of Direct .... Linux supports zero copy through system calls such as sys socket.h s sendfile, sendfile64, and Splice system call splice . Windows supports zero copy through the TransmitFile API. Java input streams can support zero copy through the java.nio.channels.FileChannel s transferTo method if the underlying operating system also supports zero copy. RDMA Remote Direct Memory Access protocols deeply rely on zero copy techniques. See also Embedded system Direct memory access Direct Memory Access Auto ... data transfer through zero copy by Sathish K. Palaniappan and Pramod B. Nagaraja http netsniff ng.org netsniff ng A zero copy network packet analyser and traffic generator Category Software optimization es Zero copy ru ... more details
About advertising awards group One Club for Art and Copy Infobox film name Art & Copy image Art & Copy Poster.jpg alt see WP ALT caption director Doug Pray producer Jimmy Greenway br Michael Nadeau writer screenplay story starring Lee Clow br Dan Wieden br David Kennedy advertising David Kennedy br Phyllis K. Robinson br Hal Riney br George Lois br Goodby, Silverstein & Partners Rich Silverstein br Goodby, Silverstein & Partners Jeff Goodby br Mary Wells Lawrence Mary Wells br Cliff Freeman br Jim Durfee music Jeff Martin cinematography Peter Nelson editing Philip Owens studio distributor released Film date 2009 1 16 25th Sundance Film Festival Sundance runtime 88 minutes country Film US language English budget gross Art & Copy is a 2009 documentary film directed by Doug Pray about the advertising industry in the U.S. The film follows the careers of people from advertising s creative revolution of the 1960s , including Hal Riney , George Lois , Mary Wells Lawrence , Dan Wieden , and Lee Clow . The documentary covers advertising campaigns such as Nike, Inc. Just Do It , I love New York I Love New York , Where s the Beef? , MTV I Want My MTV , Got Milk? , and Think Different . ref cite web url http blog.alonsocreative.com articles art copy a film by doug pray title Art & Copy accessdate 2009 10 28 ref Although reviews were generally favorable, ref http www.rottentomatoes.com m 1216754 art and copy ref some reviewers chastised the film for presenting an uncritical view of advertising. ref http www.sfgate.com cgi bin article.cgi?file c a 2009 11 13 MVLK1AHMBF.DTL ref ref http www.ew.com ew article 0,,20301962,00.html ref ref http www.nypost.com p entertainment movies art copy dJUeEVuwcYCaKZkoMorjZM New York Post review of film September 2, 2009 ref References reflist External ... art copy dJUeEVuwcYCaKZkoMorjZM New York Post review September 2, 2009 http www.avclub.com articles ..., 2009 http www.pbs.org independentlens art and copy Art & Copy site for Independent Lens on Public Broadcasting ... more details
For the 2010 French film Certified Copy film Globalize date April 2010 discuss Talk Certified copy Globalize A certified copy is a copy often a photocopy of a primary document, that has on it an endorsement or certificate that it is a true copy of the primary document. It does not certify that the primary document is genuine, only that it is a true copy of the primary document. A certified copy is largely .... It is usually inexpensive to obtain. A certified copy may be required for official government ... or damage. It has some similarities to a notarized copy, which is a form used in some countries, and particularly in some States in the USA. A notarized copy is signed by a notary public not to be confused with a notary in a civil law country see Civil law notary . The certified copy is signed by a person ... Document Certification Information ref . A copy of a primary document that is to be used internationally may have to be in the form of a notarized copy rather than a certified copy. A notarized copy may be more expensive to obtain. A copy of a document to be used internationally may also have to comply ... attached to the translation together with a copy of the primary document. Then, the primary ... copy. In the case of a birth certificate in English to be used in Russia, it is possible that a notarized copy will be required. In Australia In Australia, certified copies are solely the creation ..., a copy may usually be certified by a person who is able to witness a statutory declaration ... . A typical certificate endorsed on the photocopy is CERTIFIED TRUE COPY OF THE ORIGINAL I certify that this is a true copy of the original document. Signed Dated Authority to sign Postal address ... copy form is required. In Botswana Photocopies can be certified free at a Police Station. Certified ... most U.S. financial institutions now require a certified copy of a passport when new accounts are opened. This would normally entail a copy of the pages containing one s name, photograph, passport number ... more details
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