Taxobox image Ascophyllum nodosum.jpg regnum Chromalveolata phylum Heterokont ophyta classis Phaeophyceae ordo Fucales familia Fucaceae genus Ascophyllum genus authority John Stackhouse botanist Stackhouse , 1809 species A. nodosum binomial Ascophyllum nodosum binomial authority Carolus Linnaeus L. Le Jolis Ascophyllum nodosum is a large, common brown alga Phaeophyceae in the family biology family Fucaceae , being the only species in the genus Ascophyllum . It is seaweed of the northern Atlantic ... work AlgaeBase title Ascophyllum nodosum Linnaeus Le Jolis author M. D. Guiry & Wendy Guiry date 2006 ..., University of Michigan Press isbn 0 472 04904 6 ref Description Ascophyllum nodosum has long frond ... been described. Ascophyllum nodosum var. minor has been described from Larne Lough in Northern Ireland ... Naturalists Journal volume 9 pages 301 304 ref There are free floating ecads of this species such as Ascophyllum ... living forms of Ascophyllum nodosum L. Le Jol journal Journal of Ecology volume 45 pages 49 83 doi ... Biogeographical Society volume 27 pages 3 164 ref Ecology Ascophyllum nodosum is found mostly ... found growing in dense tufts on Ascophyllum whose rhizoid s penetrate the host. ref cite book ... and eradication of the north Atlantic alga Ascophyllum nodosum Phaeophyceae from San Francisco Bay ... ref Uses Ascophyllum nodosum is harvested for use in alginate s, fertiliser s and for the manufacture ... John Wiley & Sons , England isbn 0 471 92947 6 ref Ascophyllum nodosum is frequently used as packaging ... locations. ref name Chang 2010 Ascophyllum itself has occasionally been introduced to California ... over impacts of commercial harvesting of Ascophyllum nodosum for use in garden or crop fertilizer ... term changes in rockweed Ascophyllum nodosum and associated epifaunal communities following cutter ... of Marine Resources Retrieved 2011 07 13 ref Opponents of wild Ascophyllum harvests point ... 10 00004.1?journalCode coas title The Macroinvertebrate Fauna of Rockweed Ascophyllum nodosum Dominated ... more details
Rockweed may refer to Ascophyllum nodosum , a seaweed also known as kelp, Norwegian kelp, or bladderwrack Fucus vesiculosus , a similar seaweed also known as bladderwrack disambig ... more details
Wrack is the common name for several species of seaweed in the family Fucaceae . Pelvetia canaliculata L. Dcne. et Thur., Fucus spiralis L., Fucus vesiculosus L., Ascophyllum nodosum L. Le Jol. and Fucus serratus L. are the most common examples to be found in the British Isles . Others are Fucus ceranoides L. Fucus cottonii M.J.Wynne and Magne Fucus distichus L., and Fucus evanescans C.Agardh. These algae are large and being common have common names in English. F. serratus is known as Toothed Wrack Fucus vesiculosus is known as Bladder Wrack Fucus spiralis is known as Spiral Wrack Ascophyllum nodosum is known as Knotted Wrack and Pelvetia canaliculata is known as Channelled Wrack . File Fucus serratus2.jpg thumb 250px Fucus serratus during low tide Image Pelvetia canaliculata on slipway.jpg thumb 285px P. canaliculata on a shoreline in Wales These species along, with others, are found worldwide. For more information, see the species names or genus name Genus Ascophyllum Ascophyllum nodosum L. Le Jolis. Europe , north eastern North America . Genus Fucus Fucus distichus L. California , USA . Fucus edentarulus De la Pylaie. Northeastern North America. Fucus evanescens C.Agardh. Northeastern North America. Fucus filiformis Gmelin. Northeastern North America. Fucus gardneri Silva. Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands . Fucus miclonensis De la Pylaie. Northeastern North America. Fucus serratus L.Europe. Northeastern North America. Fucus spiralis L.Europe. Northeastern North America. Fucus vesiculosus L. Europe,including Greenland northeastern North America. Genus Hesperophycus Hesperophycus harveyanus Decne. S.& G. California, USA . Genus Pelvetia Pelvetia canaliculata L. Decaisne and Thuret. Hope Island British Columbia Canada San Luis Obispo County, California USA . Pelvetia fastigiata J.Ag. DeToni. California USA . Genus Pelvetiopsis Pelvetiopsis arborescens Gardn. California USA . Pelvetiopsis limitata Gardn. California USA . Further references http www.pznow.co.uk marine ... more details
Knotted Wrack on Menai Strait shore line, Jan 2005 br Author User Velela . br Location Menai Strait , Anglesey next to Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson Nelson Statue br Source Personal photograph taken by Author January 11 2005 br Description Ascophyllum nodosum on tidal shore line, North Wales br Technical data Pentax Optio555 digital camera. 0.02s f2.8 br PD self date January 2005 br GFDL with disclaimers migration relicense Copy to Wikimedia Commons bot Fbot Orphan image ... more details
Taxobox regnum Chromalveolata divisio Heterokont ophyta classis Brown algae Phaeophyceae ordo Fucales familia Fucaceae genus Fucus species F. gardneri binomial Fucus gardneri binomial authority P. C. Silva Fucus gardneri is a species of seaweed , a brown alga living on the littoral zone littoral shore of the Pacific coasts of North America. It has the common name of rockweed. Description Fucus gardneri is olive brown in colour and similar to Fucus spiralis . It grows to convert 40 50 cm long and branches somewhat irregularly dichotomous and is attached, generally to rock, by a discoid holdfast. It has airbubbles at the top. Life history The tips of mature individuals swell up and provide flotation for the plant as well as reproductive chambers for developing sperm and eggs. During low tide, the swollen tips dry up squeezing out sperm and eggs which unite into a zygote during the next flood tide and settle onto a substratum. Ecology The other common species of Fucus Fucus spiralis , Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus along with Ascophyllum nodosum form the main and dominant seaweeds on rocky shores. These three species, along with two others Pelvetia canaliculata and Ascophyllum nodosum form the zones along the shore. Uses and history Indigenous peoples of the Americas Native Americans historically harvested the dried swollen tips of Fucus gardneri sometimes referred to as Indian pop corn . When the airbubbles are popped, it secretes a thick lotion, very moisturizing. External links http www.algaebase.org search species detail ?species id 4874 Fucus gardneri , AlgaeBase Category Fucales fr Fucus gardneri ... more details
Taxobox image Haeckel Fucoideae.jpg image caption Fucoideae , from Ernst Haeckel s Kunstformen der Natur , 1904 regnum Chromalveolata phylum Heterokont ophyta classis Brown algae Phaeophyceae ordo Fucales familia Fucaceae subdivision ranks Genera ref cite web url http www.algaebase.org browse taxonomy ?id 5188 title Fucaceae author M. D. Guiry & G. M. Guiry work AlgaeBase year 2006 ref subdivision Ascophyllum br Fucus br Hesperophycus br Pelvetia br Pelvetiopsis br Silvetia br Xiphophora Fucaceae are a family of brown alga e. There are seven genera in the family, most notably Fucus , which includes several common seaweed s. Image Fucus serratus2.jpg thumb left Fucus serratus References references External links http www.algaebase.org browse taxonomy ?id 5188 Fucaceae at Algaebase Category Fucales Phaeophyceae stub ca Fuc cia da Brunalge familien fr Fucaceae it Fucaceae nl Fucaceae pt Fucaceae ... more details
italic title Taxobox color khaki name Spiral Wrack image width 240px image Fucus spiraus Faroe stamp .jpg regnum Protista divisio Heterokont ophyta classis Brown alga Phaeophyceae ordo Fucales familia Fucaceae genus Fucus species F. spiralis binomial Fucus spiralis binomial authority Carolus Linnaeus L. Fucus spiralis is a species of seaweed , a brown alga Heterokontophyta, Phaeophyceae , living on the littoral shore of the Atlantic coasts of Europe and North America . It has the common names of spiral wrack and flat wrack . Description Fucus spiralis is olive brown in colour and similar to Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus . It grows to about 30 cms long and branches somewhat irregularly dichotomous and is attached, generally to rock, by a discoid holdfast . The flattened blade has a distinct mid rib and is usually spirally twisted without a serrated edge, as are to be seen in Fucus serratus , and it does not show air vesicles, as Fucus vesiculosus . ref name Newton 31 Newton, L. 1931. A Handbook of the British Seaweeds. British Museum, Natural History, London ref ref name Taylor 72 Taylor,W.R. 1972. Marine Algae of the Northeastern Coast of North America. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press ref Life history The reproductive bodies form rounded swollen tips on the branches, usually in pairs. In the conceptacles o gonia and antheridia are produced after meiosis and then released. Fertilisation follows and the zygote develops directly into the diploid sporophyte plant. Ecology The other common species of Fucus on the coasts of British Isles Fucus spiralis , Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus along with Ascophyllum nodosum form the main and dominant seaweeds on rocky shores. These three species, along with two others Pelvetia canaliculata and Ascophyllum nodosum form the zones along the shore. ref name Lewis 64 Lewis, J.R. 1964. The Ecology of Rocky Shores. The English Universities Press. ref Distribution F. spiralis is common on the coasts all around the Bri ... more details
afficheN&cpsidt 1367809 Lack of phlorotannin induction in the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum in response ... seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus. Henrik Pavia and Gunilla B. Toth, Hydrobiologia ... more details
sequence of fucoids Pelvetia, Fucus spiralis , Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus serratus, Ascophyllum ... narrow zone of Verrucaria, the dominance of the littoral by a full sequence of the fucoids and Ascophyllum ... more details
shedding in the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum L. Le Jolis. journal Mar. Biol. Letters, Vol 2 pages 45 51 ref e.g. Chondrus , Ascophyllum ref cite doi 10.1111 j.1529 8817.1981.tb00819.x ref Halidrys ... more details
Taxobox image Ascophylum nodosum.jpg image caption Ascophyllum nodosum regnum Chromalveolata phylum Heterokont ophyta classis Brown algae Phaeophyceae ordo Fucales ordo authority Kylin subdivision ranks Families subdivision Bifurcariopsidaceae br Cystoseiraceae br Durvillaeaceae br Fucaceae br Himanthaliaceae br Hormosiraceae br Notheiaceae br Sargassaceae br Seirococcaceae br Xiphophoraceae Fucales is an order biology order in the brown algae class Phaeophyceae . Members of this order are fucoids. The list of families see box at right in Fucales , as well as additional taxonomic information on algae, is publicly accessible at Algaebase. http www.algaebase.org ref name Guiry and Guiry Guiry, M.D. and Guiry, G.M. 2006. AlgaeBase version 4.2. World wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http www.algaebase.org searched on 07 December 2006 ref The Class Phaeophyceae is included within the Division Heterokontophyta. ref name Hardy and Guiry 06 Hardy, .G. and Guiry, M.D. 2006. A Check list and Atlas of the Seaweeds of Britain and Ireland. 2006. The British Phycologcal Society. ISBN 3 906166 35 X ref This name comes from the Greek word phaios meaning brown and phyton meaning plant. ref name Huisman 00 Huisman, J.M. 2000. Marine Plants of Australia. University of Western Australia Press, Australia. ISBN 1 876268 33 6 ref They include some of the largest plants in the sea, some however are small and fine in structure. Classification The Fucales include some of the more common littoral seaweed s and the members of the order have the typical seaweed construction a holdfast , Stipe botany stipe and lamina algae lamina . The lamina is often much branched and may include gas filled bladders. Growth is by division of the apical cells. They are oogamous where there is fusion between the small male gamete and the large female gamete. References references Further reading Fletcher, R.L.1987. Seaweeds of the British Isles. Volume 3 , Part 1. British Museum ... more details
About the website Operation Clambake the 1967 Elvis Presley film Clambake File New England clam bake.jpg thumb right 300px New England clam bake The New England clam bake is a traditional method of cooking foods, especially seafood such as lobster , ref name aboutclambake http entertaining.about.com od dinnerparties a newengclmbake.htm Invite Your Friends to a New England Clambake. http entertaining.about.com Entertaining.about.com . Accessed July 2011. ref mussel s, crab s, ref name aboutclambake Soft shell clam steamer s, and quahogs . The seafood is often supplemented by sausages, potatoes, ref name aboutclambake onions, carrots, corn on the cob, ref name aboutclambake etc. Clam bakes are usually held on festive occasions along the coast of New England . Method A typical clam bake or clambake begins with gathering seaweed traditionally rockweed Ascophyllum nodosum at the shoreline seaweed is an important adjunct to cooking the food. To keep the seaweed fresh, it is necessary to have a container large enough to hold both the seaweed and a fair amount of sea water. Also important are several round medium sized stones, or sometimes cannon balls, which are heated in the fire and used to re radiate heat during the cooking process. Lastly, like most other methods of steaming , a cover is necessary to allow the trapped heat and steam to thoroughly cook the food. Canvas tarps or potato sacks soaked in sea water are often used for this purpose. Once the stones and seaweed have been collected, a fire pit is prepared. Some prefer to simply start a fire within the pit, while others line the edges with flat stones to provide support for a metal grill on which the stones may be placed. The stones used for cooking are then placed in the center of the pit and a wood fire is started, although the exact method of heating the stones varies. The fire must burn until the stones are glowing hot. Care must be taken to ensure that the fire will burn out shortly after this optimal cookin ... more details
Image Saltern Cove Paignton.jpg thumb Saltern Cove is a Site of Special Scientific Interest . Saltern Cove is a Site of Special Scientific Interest . It is in Paignton , Devon on the South coast of England . Flora and fauna Image Snakelocksanemone.JPG thumb upright Snakelocks anemone Anemonia sulcata in a tide pool rock pool . The rocky coastline at Saltern Cove supports diverse communities of intertidal plants and animals. Along the lower shore the coarse grained rocks are partly covered by brown seaweeds such as Flat wrack Fucus spiralis and Knotted wrack Ascophyllum nodosum , while pools and crevices in the rocks provide shelter for a wide variety of algal species, such as the red seaweed Corallina officinalis . Animals include the Snakelocks anemone Anemonia viridis , the Spotted goby Gobius ruthensparri , Periwinkles Littorina spp. and the Squat lobster Galathea strigosa . At low tide, sandy areas are exposed between the rocks and these support a fauna characteristic of sediment shores including Common starfish Asterias rubens and burrowing animals such as the Razor shell Ensis arcuata , the Thin tellin Tellina fabula and the Leathesia difformis Sea potato Echinocardium cordatum . ref http 64.233.183.104 search?q cache vg0iLasEFr8J www.english nature.org.uk citation citation photo 1002967.pdf Flora and fauna of saltern ref Geology Image Salterncovenorth1.JPG thumb upright Layers of shale at the north end of the cove. Image SalternCovenorth2.JPG thumb Red shale sandwiched between layers of conglomerate geology conglomerate sandstone . Image SalternCovenorth3.JPG thumb upright The bare cliff face reveals different rock layers. The cliff face is an exposed face of a greatly disturbed Devonian sequence, overlain in places by Permian sandstone s and breccia s. The succession is composed of Givetian limestone s, which are separated by a thrust from a Frasnian Famennian sequence of slate s and limestones on top of dolerite and tuff s. These beds are adjacent to interb ... more details
zones, one below the other, along the shore down to low water mark. On sheltered shores Ascophyllum ... indicate four species of seaweed as sources for kelp Fucus vesiculosus , Ascophyllum nodosum formerly ... more details
other uses pp move vandalism small yes File Ascophyllum nodosum.jpg thumb Ascophyllum nodosum exposed to the sun in Nova Scotia, Canada alt Photo of seaweed with small swollen areas at the end of each frond Image codiumfragile.jpg thumb Dead Man s Fingers Codium fragile off the Massachusetts coast in the United States alt Photo of detached seaweed frond lying on sand Image Kelp forest Otago 1s.JPG right thumb The top of a kelp forest in Otago , New Zealand alt Photo of seaweed with the tip floating at the surface Seaweed is a loose colloquial term encompassing macroscopic , multicellular , benthos benthic ocean marine algae . ref Smith, G.M. 1944. Marine Algae of the Monterey Peninsula, California . Stanford Univ., 2nd Edition. ref The term includes some members of the rhodophyta red , phycophyta brown and green alga e. Seaweeds can also be classified by use as food, medicine, fertilizer, industrial, etc. . Taxonomy A seaweed may belong to one of several groups of multicellular algae the red alga e, green alga e, and brown alga e. As these three groups are not thought to have a common multicellular ancestor, the seaweeds are a polyphyly polyphyletic group. In addition, some tuft forming bluegreen algae Cyanobacteria are sometimes considered as seaweeds seaweed is a colloquial term and lacks a formal definition. Structure Seaweeds appearance somewhat resembles non arboreal terrestrial plant s. Thallus tissue thallus the algal body lamina algae lamina a flattened structure that is somewhat leaf like sorus spore cluster on Fucus , air bladders Pneumatocyst float assist organ on blade on kelp , Pneumatocyst float s float assist organ between lamina and stipe stipe botany stipe a stem like structure, may be absent holdfast specialized basal structure providing attachment to a surface, often a rock or another alga. haptera finger like extensions of holdfast anchoring to benthic substrate The stipe and blade are collectively known as the frond . Ecology Two specific environmental ... more details
chembox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 459827917 ImageFile Algins ure.svg ImageSize 250px IUPACName OtherNames Alginic acid OtherNames E400 Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 9005 32 7 EINECS 232 680 1 ATCCode prefix A02 ATCCode suffix BX13 UNII Ref fdacite changed FDA UNII 8C3Z4148WZ PubChem SMILES ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID NA Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 6 sub H sub 8 sub O sub 6 sub sub n sub MolarMass 10,000 600,000 Appearance white to yellow, fibrous powder Density 1.601 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility pKa 1.5 3.5 Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Image Giantkelp2 300.jpg 250px right Alginic acid , also called algin or alginate , is an anionic polysaccharide distributed widely in the cell wall s of brown algae , where it, through binding water, forms a viscous natural gum gum . In extracted form it absorbs water quickly it is capable of absorbing 200 300 times its own weight in water. ref citation first Raymond last Roew contribution Adipic Acid title Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients year 2009 pages 11 12 ref cite quote Its colour ranges from white to yellowish brown. It is sold in wikt filamentous filamentous , granular or powdered forms. Structure It is a linear copolymer with homopolymer ic blocks of 1 4 linked D mannuronate M and its C 5 epimer L guluronate G residues, respectively, covalently linked together in different sequences or blocks. The monomer s can appear in homopolymeric blocks of consecutive G residues G blocks , consecutive M residues M blocks or alternating M and G residues MG blocks . Forms Commercial varieties of alginate are extracted from seaweed , including the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera , Ascophyllum nodosum , and various types of Laminaria . It is also produced by two bacteria l genera Pseudomonas and Azotobacter , which played a major role in the unravelling of its biosynthesis pathway. Bacterial ... more details
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