Pharnabazus in Greek language Greek c. 370 BC after 320 BC was a Persian satrap who fought against Alexander the Great . Youth Pharnabazus was the son of Artabazus of Phrygia Artabazus , satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia . However, Artabazus was exiled after a failed rebellion against Artaxerxes III in 358 BC. The family went into exile to Macedonia ancient kingdom Macedonia , where they met the young Alexander. With Artabazus and Pharnabazus was Memnon of Rhodes , a Greek mercenary and relative by marriage. Artabazus, Pharnabazus and Memnon were later allowed to return to Persia, where Memnon took command of the Persian navy in the Aegean with Pharnabazus in support. War against Alexander When Alexander invaded the Persian empire, Memnon defended the strategically important town of Halicarnassus , which Alexander was then diverted to capture, forcing him to seek reinforcements. This allowed the Persians time to regroup. Memnon and Pharnabazus then directed their strategy to disrupt Alexander s supply lines by taking Aegean islands near the Hellespont and by fomenting rebellion in Greece. ref name bra Pierre Briant, From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire , Translated by Peter T. Daniels, Eisenbrauns, 2006, pp.826 832. ref At around the same time, the Spartan king Agis III and the Athenian statesman Demosthenes organised forces to liberate Greece from the Macedonians. Memnon and Pharnabazus took Cos and Chios , but during the siege of Mytilene , the capital of Lesbos, Memnon died of a fever. Pharnabazus took control of the Persian forces in the Aegean, assisted by Autophradates . They captured Mytilene and the isle of Tenedos , which gave him control over the Hellespont. ref name bra Pharnabazus further threatened Alexander s supplies by establishing a fortified position near Halicarnassus, which made the harbour inaccessible. He also took Samothrace , Siphnos and Andros and seized all Greek supply ships. However, after the Persian king Dari ... more details
Artabazus Persian language Persian , lang grc wikt fl. 480 BC 455 BC was the name of a satrap of Hellespont ine Phrygia now northwest Turkey , under the Achaemenid dynasty of Achaemenid Empire Persia . Artabazus, son of Pharnaces satrap Pharnaces , was one of the generals in Xerxes I Xerxes Second Persian invasion of Greece invasion of Greece , in charge of the reserve forces guarding the route back to Asia, and responsible for suppressing a revolt in Potidaea . ref Herodotus 8,126 129 http www.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?lookup Hdt. 8.126.1 ref The invasion ended with Mardonius , ignoring advice from Artabazus and others, meeting the Greeks in pitched battle at Battle of Plataea Plataea and being defeated 479 BC . The Greeks followed up their victory by sailing to Ionia , where they destroyed the garrisoning forces under Tigranes at Battle of Mycale Mycale in the same year. Artabazus, however, managed to lead the remnant portion of a greatly reduced Persian army out of Greece and back to Ionia. ref Herodotus 9,89 http www.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?lookup Hdt. 9.89.1 ref As a reward, Artabazus was made satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia. This office was passed down to his descendants. He was succeeded by his son, Pharnabazus floruit fl. 455 BC 430 BC , of whom little is known, and then by his grandson Pharnaces II of Phrygia fl. 430 BC 413 BC , who is known to have been satrap at the outset of the Peloponnesian War . Pharnaces was in turn succeeded by his son, another Pharnabazus 5th century BC Pharnabazus fl. 413 BC 373 BC , who is well known for his rivalry with Tissaphernes and wars against the Sparta ns. See also Pharnacid Dynasty Notes references DEFAULTSORT Artabazus Category Achaemenid satraps Category 5th century BC people Category ... fr Artabaze g n ral de Xerx s Ier ko hr Artabaz I. id Artabazus it Artabazo nl Artabazus no Artabazus pt Artabazo ru I sh Artabaz I uk I ... more details
Artabazus in Greek language Greek floruit fl. 389 BC 329 BC was a Achaemenid Empire Persian ... Artaxerxes II of Persia Artaxerxes II around 366 BC. Revolt by Ariobarzan In 362 BC, Artabazus ... had joined in the Revolt of the Satraps Satraps revolt by Artabazus brother, Ariobarzan. However, Artabazus was defeated by the bravery and resolution of Datames. r diod 15.91 Rebellion against the Persian King Following the capture and death of his brother, Artabazus was made satrap of Hellespont ... III . Artabazus then became involved in a revolt against the king and against other satraps who acknowledged the authority of Artaxerxes III. However, Artabazus was at first supported by Chares of Athens ... Artabazus was also supported by the Thebes, Greece Thebans , who sent him 5,000 men under Pammenes of Thebes Pammenes . With the assistance of these and other allies, Artabazus defeated his enemies in two great battles. However, Artaxerxes III was later able to deprive Artabazus of his Athenian and Boeotia n allies, whereupon Artabazus was defeated by the king s general, Autophradates , and was taken prisoner. Mentor of Rhodes Mentor and Memnon of Rhodes Memnon , two brothers in law of Artabazus ... . Together they were able to free Artabazus. After this, Artabazus seems either to have continued ... ia. Return to Persia During the absence of Artabazus, Mentor, his brother in law, was of great ... to grant a pardon to Artabazus and Memnon. The king agreed and both men and their families were able ... III Codomannus , Artabazus distinguished himself by his loyalty and commitment to the new Persian ... BC , Alexander the Great Alexander recognised and rewarded Artabazus for his loyalty to the Persian king by giving him the satrapy of Bactria . Family Artabazus daughter, Barsine , married Alexander ... . In 328 BC , Artabazus resigned his satrapy, which was given to Clitus the Black Clitus . r arr 3.23 29 7.4 curt 3.13 5.9 12 6.5 7.3 5 8.1 Artabazus had a son named Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus Pharnabazus ... more details
The Pharnacid Dynasty was a local dynasty that ruled the satrapy of Hellespont ine Phrygia under the Achaemenid Dynasty of Persia from the 5th until the 4th century BCE. It was founded by Artabazos I of Phrygia Artabazus , son of satrap Pharnaces satrap Pharnaces younger brother of Hystaspes father of Darius I Hystaspes , who was born shortly before 565 BCE , son of Arsames died ca. 520 BCE . The last member of the dynasty was Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus Pharnabazus III . The residence of the Pharnacid Dynasty was at Dascylium near modern day Ergili, Turkey . The Pharnacids Pharnaces satrap Pharnaces I Elamite language Elamite Parnaka c.550 BCE 497 BC Artabazos I of Phrygia Artabazus I floruit fl. 480 BCE 455 BCE Pharnabazus I fl. 455 BCE 430 BCE Pharnaces II of Phrygia fl. 430 BCE 413 BCE Pharnabazus 5th century BC Pharnabazus II fl. 422 BCE 387 BCE Ariobarzan Ariobarzanes of Phrygia Old Persian Persian Ariyabrdhna fl. 407 BCE 362 BCE Artabazus of Phrygia Artabazus II fl. 389 BCE 329 BCE Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus Pharnabazus III fl. 370 BCE 320 BCE References Heidemarie Koch, Es k ndet Dareios der K nig. Vom Leben im persischen Gro reich . 1992, Mainz. External links http www.livius.org pha phd pharnaces pharnaces.html Pharnaces 1 at Livius.org AncientNearEast stub Category Achaemenid Empire Category Achaemenid satraps Category Phrygia de Pharnakiden ... more details
Artakama ref http www.tyndalehouse.com egypt ptolemies artakama fr.htm Artakama by Chris Bennett. Retrieved October 2010 ref was the second wife of Ptolemy I Soter . Artakama married Ptolemy then a general in April 324 BC at the Susa marriage festival as ordered by Alexander the Great . ref http www.livius.org aj al alexander alexander t24.html Translation of Anabasis by the Greek author Arrian of Nicomedia at www.livius.com ref Artakama is called Apama by Plutarch , but this is likely an error. Ptolemy had no known children by Artakama. Artakama was a daughter of Artabazus of Phrygia , a grandson of king Artaxerxes II and queen Strateira. ref Dodson, Aidan and Hilton, Dyan. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. 2004. ISBN 0 500 05128 3 ref Her father was a Satrap of Daskyleion under Artaxerxes III and Darius III , and a Satrap of Bactria under Alexander. Her mother was most likely the only known wife of Artabazus, an anonymous sister of the Rhodian generals Memnon of Rhodes Memnon and Mentor of Rhodes Mentor , who were in Persian service in the late 340 BC s and the 330 BC s. ref http www.livius.org arl arz artabazus artabazus.htm Artabazus on www.livius.com ref References reflist External links http www.tyndale.cam.ac.uk Egypt ptolemies artakama.htm Genealogy DEFAULTSORT Artakama Category Ptolemaic dynasty Category Ancient Egyptian queens consort Category 4th century BC women Category Achaemenid women be x old br Artakama el es Artacama eu Artakama id Artakama la Artacama no Artakama pl Artakama ru sh Artakama zh ... more details
Pharnabazus is an ancient Persian name. It may refer to Pharnabazus 5th century BC , a general and statesman of the 5th century BC Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus c. 370 BC after 320 BC , a general who resisted the invasion of Alexander the Great. disamb be x old ca Farnabazos es Farnabazo hr Farnabaz ja pl Farnabazos sk Farnabazos ... more details
File Pharnabaze.jpg thumb right Baaltars on a throne obverse and head of Ares reverse , on a double shekel of Pharnabazus 380 375 BC . File Pharnabazus silver stater as Satrap of Cilicia 379 374 BC.jpg thumb Silver stater of Pharnabazus as Satrap of Phrygia 379 374 BC . British Museum . Pharnabazus was a Achaemenid Empire Persia n soldier and statesman. He was the son of Pharnaces II of Phrygia and grandson of Pharnabazus I of Phrygia, and great grandson of Artabazos I of Phrygia Artabazus . He and his male ancestors had governed the satrapy of Hellespontine Phrygia Phrygia on the Hellespont from its headquarters at Dascylium since 478 BC . His son Artabazus of Phrygia Artabazus was a satrap of Phrygia. According to research by Theodor N ldeke , he was descended from Otanes , one of the associates of Darius the Great Darius in the murder of Smerdis . Pharnabazus is first recorded as satrap of this province in 413 BC , when, having received orders from Darius II of Persia to send in the outstanding tribute of the Greek cities on the Ionian coast, he, like Tissaphernes of Caria , entered into negotiations with Sparta and began a war with Athens . The conduct of the war was much hindered by the rivalry between the two satraps, of whom Pharnabazus was by far the more energetic and upright. After the war he came into conflict with the Spartan general, Lysander . References 1911 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Pharnabazus ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Pharnabazus Category Achaemenid satraps Category 5th century BC people MEast bio stub be x old I ca Farnabazos I de Pharnabazos es Farnabazo I hr Farnabaz I. ja ... more details
Onesource article date March 2010 Mentor of Rhodes c. 385 BC 340 BC was a Ancient Greece Greek mercenary who fought both for and against Artaxerxes III of Persia . He is also known as the first husband of Barsine , who later became Mistress lover mistress to Alexander the Great . In 358 BC, Mentor, along with his brother Memnon of Rhodes Memnon , were hired to provide military leadership by a rebel Persian satrap , Artabazus . Despite Mentor s capable leadership, the rebellion failed, and Artabazus, Barsine and Memnon fled to Macedon , where they were welcomed by Philip II of Macedon Philip II . Mentor fled to Egypt . Pharaoh Nectanebo II immediately enlisted the aid of the Greek mercenary, as he expected a Persian invasion was imminent. The pharaoh sent Mentor, at the head of 4000 mercenaries, to support Sidon , which had rebelled from Persia. Although Mentor won significant victories against some of the satraps, he was unable to defeat Artaxerxes army, and was captured in 346 BC. Upon his capture, Artaxerxes evidently recognized Mentor s skills, and pardoned him. Immediately, Mentor was sent to aid in the invasion of his former refuge, Egypt. After the defeat of Egypt, Artaxerxes appointed Mentor his commander in the west in 342 BC. One of his actions during his short tenure at this post was to pardon Artabazus, whom he allowed to return home, along with Barsine and Memnon. Mentor died after just four years in his post. His daughter later married Nearchus , and Barsine remarried, to Memnon. Memnon received Mentor s command after his brother s death. References http www.livius.org men mh mentor mentor.html Livius.org Mentor of Rhodes Ancient Greece bio stub DEFAULTSORT Rhodes, Mentor of Category 340 BC deaths Category Ancient Greek mercenaries Category 4th century BC Greek people Category Ancient Rhodian generals ca Mentor de Rodes de Mentor von Rhodos es Mentor de Rodas fa fr Mentor de Rhodes hr Mentor sa Rodosa nl Mentor van Rhodos ru ... more details
Pharnaces may refer to Pharnaces floruit fl. 550 BCE 497 BCE , founder of the Pharnacid Dynasty of satraps of Phrygia on the Hellespont see Artabazus Pharnaces II of Phrygia fl. 430 BCE 413 BCE , son of Pharnabazus I 5th century BC Pharnabazus I fl. 455 BCE 430 BCE , satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia Pharnaces I of Pontus fl. 2nd c. BCE , first important ruler of the kingdom of Pontus Pharnaces II of Pontus died 47 BCE , the son of Mithridates VI of Pontus, he tried to reconquer Pontus, but was crushed by Julius Caesar Disambig be x old es Farnaces hr Farnak nl Pharnaces ja ru sh Farnak ... more details
Autophradates in Greek language Greek A o lived 4th century BC was a Persian people Persian who distinguished himself as a general in the reign of Artaxerxes III of Persia Artaxerxes III and Darius III of Persia Darius Codomannus . In the reign of the former he made Artabazus , the revolted satrap of Lydia and Ionia , his prisoner, but afterward set him free and joined the Revolt of the Satraps . r dem After the death of the Persian admiral, Memnon of Rhodes Memnon , in 333 BC , Autophradates and Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus Pharnabazus undertook the command of the fleet, and reduced Mytilene , the siege of which had been begun by Memnon. Pharnabazus now sailed with his prisoners to Lycia , and Autophradates attacked the other islands of the Aegean sea , which espoused the cause of Alexander the Great . But Pharnabazus soon after joined Autophradates again, and both sailed against Tenedos , which was induced by fear to surrender to the Persians. r arr 2.1 During these expeditions Autophradates also laid siege to the town of Atarneus in Mysia , but without success. r aris 1267a References William Smith lexicographer Smith, William Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology , http www.ancientlibrary.com smith bio 0457.html Autophradates , Boston , 1867 Notes reflist refs ref name dem Demosthenes , Speeches , http www.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?doc Perseus 3Atext 3A1999.01.0074 query section 3D 23459 layout loc 23.153 Against Aristocrates ref ref name arr 2.1 Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri , http websfor.org alexander arrian book2a.asp ii. 1 ref ref name aris 1267a Aristotle , Politics Aristotle Politics , http www.perseus.tufts.edu hopper text?doc Perseus 3Atext 3A1999.01.0058 3Abook 3D2 3Asection 3D1267a 1267a ref SmithDGRBM DEFAULTSORT Autophradates Category Alexander the Great Category 4th century BC people ca Autofradates general de Autophradates Admiral es Autofradates fr Autophradat s hr Autofradat sh Autofradat zh ... more details
Memnon of Rhodes 380 &ndash 333 BC was the commander of the Greece Greek mercenaries working for the Achaemenid Empire Persian king Darius III when Alexander the Great of Macedon Macedonia invaded Persia in 334 BC. He commanded the mercenaries at the Battle of the Granicus River , where his troops were massacred by the victorious Macedonians. He then began a campaign to capture the Aegean islands with the Persian fleet and led a direct assault on Macedon Macedonia , while Alexander was resting at Phaselis . Memnon managed to capture the island of Chios and most of Lesbos . Demosthenes , after hearing of Memnon s successes, began to prepare Athens for a revolt along with other Greek cities, while Sparta began to prepare for war. By a stroke of fortune for Alexander, Memnon died of illness at Mytilene and transferred command to his nephew, Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus Pharnabazus . Many scholars maintain that had Memnon s campaign been successful, Alexander would have had an immensely difficult time continuing his campaign in Asia, and might have soon been defeated. It was not until after the major Persian defeat at the Battle of Issus that Memnon s strategy was revitalised and finally put into action, but by then the advantage had been lost, and Alexander showed himself willing to sacrifice Greece if necessary by then if he still felt he could accomplish his greater goals. Memnon was the brother of Mentor of Rhodes , brother in law of Artabazus of Phrygia , and husband and uncle of Barsine , Artabazus daughter and Alexander the Great s mistress. Memnon of Rhodes is the subject of a work of historical fiction, Memnon by Scott Oden ISBN 1 932815 39 2 US hc ISBN 0553818953 UK pb , in which the character of Memnon is also the son of Timocrates of Rhodes . Battle of the Granicus River When Alexander the Great crossed into Asia Minor with a force of approximately 40,000 men, he was told of a Persian force of equal size to his own to the east near Zeleia . This force was l ... more details
Pammenes in Ancient Greek polytonic was a Thebes, Greece Theban general of considerable celebrity during the 4th century BC. He was connected with Epaminondas by political and friendly ties. When Philip II of Macedon Philip , the future king of Macedon ia, was sent as hostage to Thebes, he was placed under the care of Pammenes. r plut1 26 In 371, when Megalopolis, Greece Megalopolis was founded, as it was apprehended that the Sparta ns would attack those engaged in that work, Epaminondas sent Pammenes at the head of 1000 picked troops to defend them. r paus 8.27 In 352, a party amongst the Megalopolitans were for dissolving the community, and returning to their own cantons, and called upon the Mantinea ns and other Peloponnese Peloponnesians , for aid. The Megalopolitans who opposed this dissolution of the state called in the aid of the Thebans, who sent Pammenes with 3000 foot soldiers and 300 cavalry to their assistance. With this force Pammenes overcame all resistance, and compelled those who had left Megalopolis to return. r diod 15.94 When Artabazus of Phrygia Artabazus revolted in 356 against Artaxerxes III of Persia Artaxerxes III , king of Achaemenid Empire Persia , Pammenes led a body of 5000 Thebans to the aid of the former, and overcame the forces of the king in two great battles. r diod 16.34 But Artabazus, suspecting that he was intriguing with his enemies, arrested him, and handed him over to his brothers, Oxythras and Dibictus. r pol 7.33 5.16 Pammenes is spoken of as being greatly addicted to paiderastia . It is difficult to say what degree of credit should be attached to the story, that, while Philip was under the charge of Pammenes, the latter maintained a homosexual relationship with the young prince. r plut2 plut3 lib References William Smith lexicographer Smith, William editor Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology , http www.ancientlibrary.com smith bio 2434.html Pammenes 2 , Boston , 1867 Notes reflist refs ref name plu ... more details
were returned to Athens and Sparta . The order was however ignored by Artabazus of Lydia , who asked ... dynasty Orontids Kings and satraps of Armenia Orontes of Mysia also came to Artabazus and the joined ... Artabazus fled to the safety of court of Philip II of Macedon . References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Accession ... more details
Hellespont ine Phrygia was an Achaemenid satrapy in ancient Anatolia , comprising lands of Troad , Mysia and Bithynia and whose seat was at Daskyleion , ref Sparta and Persia Lectures Delivered at the University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Classical Studies Hardcover by D. M. Lewis http books.google.com books?id 3YEeAAAAIAAJ&pg PA51&dq Hellespontine Phrygia satrapy&lr v onepage&q Hellespontine 20 20Phrygia 20satrapy&f false Page 51 ISBN 90 04 05427 8 1977 ref south of Cyzicus , Mysia. Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus Pharnabazus was satrap of Darius III there, until Alexander the Great appointed Calas general Calas which was replaced by Arrhidaeus in the treaty of Triparadisus . According to Strabo Hellespontine and Phrygia Epictetus comprise Lesser Phrygia Mysia . Others geographers arranged it differently. ref Philip Yorke, 2nd Earl of Hardwicke et al., Athenian Letters , or the epistolary correspondence of an agent of the king of Persia, residing at Athens during the Peloponnesian war , Geographical Index http books.google.com books?id RHhkAAAAMAAJ&pg PR25&dq Hellespontien lesser Phrygia v onepage&q &f false Asia Minor ref See also Hellespont Phrygia References reflist coord missing Turkey Category Troas Category Bithynia Category Mysia Category Phrygia Category Achaemenid satrapies in Anatolia Category Historical regions of Anatolia es Frigia Helesp ntica ... more details
saved book title Greco Persian Wars subtitle cover image Greek Persian duel.jpg cover color Greco Persian Wars Greco Persian Wars Ionian Revolt First Persian invasion of Greece Second Persian invasion of Greece Wars of the Delian League Ionian Revolt Siege of Naxos 499 BC Siege of Naxos Battle of Lade First Persian invasion of Greece Siege of Eretria Battle of Marathon Second Persian invasion of Greece Battle of Thermopylae Battle of Artemisium Battle of Salamis Battle of Plataea Battle of Mycale Wars of the Delian League Battle of the Eurymedon Combatants Classical Athens Sparta Achaemenid Empire Commanders Themistocles Leonidas I Pausanias general Pausanias Cimon Pericles Artaphernes Datis Artaphernes son of Artaphernes Artaphernes, son of Artaphernes disambiguates Artaphernes Xerxes I of Persia Xerxes I Mardonius Hydarnes Artabazus Personalities Miltiades the Younger Macedonia ancient kingdom Macedon Herodotus Darius I of Persia Other Delian League Histories Herodotus Herodotus Histories Category Wikipedia books on history Greco Persian Wars ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year nav 356 BC year in topic 356 NOTOC Year 356 BC was a year of the Roman calendar pre Julian Roman calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ambustus and Laenas or, less frequently, year 398 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 356 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Persian Empire Having blamed the defeats by Philip II in Thessaly and Chalcidice on his colleagues, Chares of Athens Chares is left as sole Athenian commander. Chares is in need of money for his war effort, but frowns upon asking it from the Athenians so, partly compelled by his mercenaries, he enters the service of the insurgent Persian satrap Artabazus of Phrygia who rewards Chares very generously. Artabazus of Phrygia is also supported by the Thebes, Greece Thebans , who send him 5,000 men under their general Pammenes of Thebes Pammenes . With the assistance of these and other allies, Artabazus defeats his Achaemenid Empire Persian enemies in two great battles. The Achaemenid Empire Persian King Artaxerxes III orders all the satrap s governors of his empire to dismiss their mercenaries. The Athenians, who have originally approved their mercenaries collaboration with Artabazus of Phrygia, order them to leave due to their fear of Persian support for the revolting states of Chios , Rhodes , and Kos Cos . Thebes follows suit and withdraws its mercenaries. With King Artaxerxes III succeeding in depriving Artabazus of his Athenian and Theban allies, Artabazus is defeated by the Persian King s general, Autophradates . Greece Philip II of Macedon secretly offers the city of Amphipolis back to the Athens Athenians in exchange for the valuable port of Pydna . Despite the Athenians being willing to comply, both Pydna and Potidaea are conquered by the Macedonians along with other Athenian strongholds in Thes ... more details
satrap Ada of Caria Adusius Ariobarzan ArtabazusArtabazus of Phrygia Artaphernes Atropates Camissares Gobryas Masistes Mithridates I of Cius Pharnabazus 5th century BC Pharnabazus, son of Artabazus ... more details
Barsine in Greek language Greek c. 363&ndash 309 BC was daughter of Artabazus of Phrygia Artabazus , satrap of Phrygia Hellespontine Phrygia , and wife of Mentor of Rhodes Mentor of Rhodes and after his death, Mentor s brother, Memnon of Rhodes Memnon . In 334 BC, the year of Alexander the Great Alexander s invasion of Asia, she and her children were sent by Memnon to the king Darius III of Persia Darius III as hostages for his fidelity and in the ensuing year, when Damascus was betrayed to the Macedon ians, she fell into the hands of Alexander, by whom it is argued that she became the mother of Heracles Macedon Heracles . On Alexander s death, 323 BC, a claim to the throne on this boy s behalf was unsuccessfully urged by Nearchus . From a comparison of the accounts of Diodorus Siculus Diodorus and Junianus Justinus Justin , it appears that he was brought up at Pergamum under his mother s care, and that she shared his fate when 309 BC Polyperchon was induced by Cassander to murder him. r plut1 21 plut2 1 diod 17.23 20.20 28 curt 3.13 10.6 just 11.10 13.2 15.2 paus 9.7 References William Smith lexicographer Smith, William editor Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology , http www.ancientlibrary.com smith bio 0473.html Barsine 1 , Boston , 1867 Notes reflist refs ref name plut1 21 plut2 1 diod 17.23 20.20 28 curt 3.13 10.6 just 11.10 13.2 15.2 paus 9.7 Plutarch , Parallel Lives , Alexander , http www.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?lookup Plut. Caes. 21.1 21 , Eumenes , http www.attalus.org old eumenes.html 1 1 Diodorus, Bibliotheca , http www.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bin ptext?lookup Diod. 17.23.1 xvii. 23 , xx. 20, 28 Quintus Curtius Rufus Curtius Rufus , Historiae Alexandri Magni , http remacle.org bloodwolf historiens quintecurce trois.htm iii. 13 , http remacle.org bloodwolf historiens quintecurce dix.htm x. 6 Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus , http www.forumromanum.org literature justin english trans11.html 10 xi. 10 , http www.forumromanum.org ... more details
Heracles of Macedon ca. 327 BC 309 BC was a reputed illegitimate son of Alexander the Great of Macedon by Barsine , daughter of Satrap Artabazus of Phrygia Artabazus of Phrygia . Heracles was named after the Heracles Greek mythological hero of the same name, from whom the Argead Dynasty Argeads claimed descent. It cannot be established definitively whether Heracles was Alexander s son or not. Of the ancient sources, both Plutarch and Justin historian Justin mention Barsine and Heracles but Arrian in the Anabasis Alexandri mentions neither. Plutarch recounts that Alexander took Barsine as his mistress, but on the arguably spurious grounds that she was recommended to him by Parmenion despite the many disagreements between him and Alexander, and Alexander s apparent contempt for his judgement . ref Renault, Mary. The Nature of Alexander . p100, 2001 Ed. ref Of Barsine, Mary Renault states that cquote No record at all exists of such a woman accompanying his march nor of any claim by her, or her powerful kin, that she had born him offspring. Yet twelve years after his Alexander s death a boy was produced, seventeen years old, born therefore five years after Damascus, Where Alexander and Barsine reportedly first met her alleged son, brought up in Pergamon a claimant and shortlived pawn in the succession wars, chosen probably for a physical resemblance to Alexander. That he actually did marry another Barsine nowiki nowiki Stateira II Stateira , often referred to in Greek sources as Barsine must have helped both launch and preserve the story but no source reports any notice whatever taken by him Alexander of a child who, Roxana Roxane s being posthumous, would have been during his lifetime his only son, by a near royal mother. In a man who named cities after his horse and dog, this strains credulity. ref Renault, Mary. The Nature of Alexander . p100 101, 2001 Ed. ref If Heracles was Alexander s illegitimate child, then it also raises the pointed question as to why he, as Al ... more details
Image Datames.jpg thumb 350px Silver coin of Datames. br Obv The God Baaltars on a throne, seated left, torsos facing, holding grapes, grain ear, and eagle in right hand, scepter in left hand, surrounded by the city walls. br Rev The God Ana , naked, and Datames, face to face. Datames in Greek language Greek ruled 385 BC&ndash killed 362 BC was a general and satrap provincial governor of Cappadocia under the Achaemenid Empire Persian empire . A Caria n by birth, he was the son of Camissares by a Scythian or Paphlagonian r nepos mother. His father being satrap of Cilicia under Artaxerxes II of Persia Artaxerxes II , and high in the favour of that monarch, Datames became one of the king s bodyguards and having in this capacity distinguished himself in the Artaxerxes II Cadusian Campaign war against the Cadusii , was appointed to succeed his father who had fallen in that war in the government of his province. Here he distinguished himself both by his military abilities and his zeal in the service of the king and reduced to subjection two officials who had revolted from Artaxerxes, Thyus , governor of Paphlagonia , and Aspis of Cataonia . He was in consequence entrusted by the Persian king with the chief command of a force designed for the recovery of History of ancient Egypt Egypt but the machinations of his enemies at the Persian court, and the risks to which he was in consequence exposed, induced him to change his plan, and throw off his allegiance to the king c.370 BC . He withdrew with the troops under his command into Cappadocia , and made common cause with the other satraps who had revolted from Persia the Revolt of the Satraps Satraps Revolt . Artabazus of Phrygia Artabazus , one of the generals that remained faithful to the king, advanced against him from Pisidia , but was entirely defeated. The great reputation that Datames had acquired induced Artaxerxes to direct his utmost exertions to effect his subjection, but Autophradates, who was sent against h ... more details
Satibarzanes in Greek language Greek died 330 BC , a Persian people Persian , was satrap of Aria satrapy Aria under Darius III of Persia Darius III , king of Achaemenid Empire Persia . In 330 BC, Alexander the Great , marching through the borders of Aria on his way from Gorgan Hyrcania against the Parthia ns, was met at a city named Susia by Satibarzanes, who made submission to him, and was rewarded for it by the restoration of his satrapy. In order to prevent the commission of any hostilities against the Arians by the Macedon ian troops which were following from the west, Alexander left behind with Satibarzanes forty horse dartmen, under the command of Anaxippus . These, however, together with their commander, were soon after murdered by the satrap, who excited the Arians to rebellion, and gathered his forces together at the city of Artacoana . On the approach of Alexander, he fled to join the traitor Bessus and the city, after a short siege, was captured by the Macedonians. Towards the end of the same year 330 BC , Alexander, heard that Satibarzanes had again entered Aria with 2000 horses, supplied by Bessus, and had excited the Arians to another revolt. According to Arrian , upon this, he sent a force against him, led by Artabazus, Erigyius , and Caranus of Macedonia Caranus . In a battle which ensued, and of which the issue was yet doubtful, Satibarzanes came forward and defied any one of the enemy s generals to single combat. The challenge was accepted by Erigyius, and Satibarzanes was slain. r arr 3.25 28 diod 17.78 81 83 curt 6.6 7.3 4 References William Smith lexicographer Smith, William editor Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology , http www.ancientlibrary.com smith bio 3055.html Satibarzanes , Boston , 1867 Notes reflist refs ref name arr 3.25 28 diod 17.78 81 83 curt 6.6 7.3 4 Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri , http websfor.org alexander arrian book3b.asp iii. 25, 28 Diodorus Siculus , Bibliotheca , http www.perseus.tufts.edu cgi bi ... more details
Refimprove date March 2010 No footnotes date March 2010 Spitamenes in old Persian language old Persian Spitamaneh Ancient Greek Greek born 370 BC and killed 328 BC Sogdian warlord, leader of the uprising in Sogdiana and Bactria against Alexander III of Macedon Alexander of Macedon 329 BC. When Alexander was founding the new city of Alexandria Eschate on the Syr Darya Jaxartes river , news came that Spitamenes had roused Sogdiana against him and was besieging the Macedon ian garrison in Samarkand Maracanda . Too occupied at the moment to personally confront Spitamenes he sent an army under the command of Pharnuches of Lycia Pharnuches which was promptly annihilated with a loss of no less than 2000 infantry and 300 cavalry. The uprising now posed a direct threat to his army, and Alexander moved personally to relieve Maracanda, only to learn that Spitamenes had left Sogdiana, attacking now Balkh Bactra , from where he was repulsed with great difficulty by the satrap of Bactria Artabazus 328 BC . The decisive point came in December 328 BC when Spitamenes was defeated by Alexander s general Coenus general Coenus at the Battle of Gabai. Spitamenes wife killed him and sent his head to Alexander, suing for peace and effectively dissolving Spitamenes army. Spitamenes had a daughter, Apama, who was married to one of Alexander s most important generals and an eventual Diadochi successor , Seleucus I Nicator February 324 BC . The couple had a son, Antiochus I Soter , eventually a ruler of the successor Seleucid Empire . Several towns were named Apamea disambiguation Apamea in her honour. In fiction Spitamenes is a central, but indirect character in Steven Pressfield s novel The Afghan Campaign . In it, Spitamenes is described as a cunning military commander of natural talent. The novel is largely the description of the campaign which destroyed Spitamenes Sogdian uprising. External links http www.livius.org Livius , http www.livius.org so st spitamenes spitamenes.html ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year nav 328 BC year in topic 328 NOTOC Year 328 BC was a year of the Roman calendar pre Julian Roman calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Proculus and Scapula or Decianus and Barbatus or, less frequently, year 426 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 328 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Macedonian Empire At Samarkand Maracanda , Alexander murders Clitus the Black Clitus , one of his most trusted commanders, friend and foster brother, in a drunken quarrel but his excessive display of remorse leads the army to pass a decree convicting Clitus posthumously of treason. Spitamenes raises all Sogdiana in revolt behind him, bringing in the Massagetae , a people of the Scythian confederacy. He besieges the Macedonian garrison in Maracanda . Alexander the Great sends an army under the command of Pharnuches of Lycia which is promptly annihilated with a loss of more than 2,000 infantry and 300 cavalry. Understanding now the danger represented by his enemy, Alexander moves personally to relieve Maracanda, only to learn that Spitamenes has left Sogdiana. Spitamenes then attacks Balkh Bactra , from where he is repulsed with great difficulty by the satrap of Bactria , Artabazus of Phrygia . Alexander attacks Oxyartes and the remaining Bactrian barons who are holding out in the hills of Paraetacene modern Tajikistan . The Macedonians seize the crag on which Oxyartes has his stronghold the Sogdian Rock , and among the captives is his daughter, Roxana . In the reconciliation that follows the battle, Alexander marries Roxana. The rest of Oxyartes opponents are either won over or crushed. December &ndash Spitamenes is badly defeated by Alexander s general Coenus . At this point Spitamenes allies, feeling the situation desperate, kill their leader and send his head as a gift to ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2011 Year nav 327 BC year in topic 327 NOTOC Year 327 BC was a year of the Roman calendar pre Julian Roman calendar . At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Lentulus and Philo or, less frequently, year 427 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 327 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events onlyinclude By place Macedonian Empire Alexander the Great invades northern India . Recrossing the Hindu Kush , Alexander divides his forces. Half the army with the baggage under Hephaestion and Perdiccas , both cavalry commanders, are sent through the Khyber Pass , while Alexander leads the rest, together with his siege train, through the hills to the north. His advance through Swat Pakistan Swat and Gandhara is marked by the storming of the almost impregnable pinnacle of Aornos , a few miles west of the Indus . The relations between Alexander and Aristotle are embittered by the execution of Aristotle s nephew, the historian Callisthenes of Olynthus , who is charged with treason . Callisthenes has been accompanying Alexander to write a chronicle of the campaign. Roman Republic The Samnites Samnite army Capture of Neapolis capture Neapolis present day Naples . The Roman Republic Romans , who are meanwhile moving south while the Samnites are occupied with Tarentum, take the opportunity to recover Neapolis and, after a long siege, evict the Samnite garrison from the city and make it an ally of Rome. onlyinclude Births Heracles Macedon Heracles , illegitimate son of Alexander the Great by his mistress Barsine , daughter of satrap Artabazus of Phrygia and later claimant to the throne of Macedon d. 309 BC Deaths Callisthenes of Olynthus , Greek historian, great nephew and pupil of Aristotle b. c. 360 BC References Reflist DEFAULTSORT 327 Bc Category 327 BC ast 327 edC be 327 . . be x old 327 . . bs 327 p.n.e. ca 327 ... more details
nofootnotes date March 2008 refimprove date March 2008 For other historical characters named Megabyzus, see Megabyzus disambiguation . Megabyzus Old Persian Bagabux a meaning God saved was a Achaemenid Empire Persia n general, son of Zopyrus , satrap of Babylon . His father was killed when the satrapy rebelled in 482 BC, and Megabyzus led the forces that recaptured the city, after which the statue of the god Marduk was destroyed to prevent future revolts. Megabyzus subsequently took part in the expedition against Greece . Herodotus claims that he refused to act on orders to pillage Delphi , but it is doubtful such orders were ever given. According to Ctesias , who is not especially reliable but is often our only source, Amytis , wife of Megabyzus and daughter of Xerxes I of Persia Xerxes , was accused of adultery shortly afterwards. As such, Megabyzus took part in the conspiracy of Artabanus of Persia Artabanus to assassinate the emperor, but betrayed him before he could kill the new emperor Artaxerxes I of Persia Artaxerxes as well. In a battle, Artabanus sons were killed and Megabyzus was wounded, but Amytis interceded on his behalf and he was cured. After this Megabyzus became satrap of Syria . Together with Artabazus , satrap of Phrygia , he had command of the Persian armies sent to put down the revolt of Inarus in Egypt. They arrived in 456 BC, and within two years had put down the revolt, capturing Inarus and various Athenians supporting him. They then turned their attention to Cyprus , which was under attack by the Athenians, led by Cimon . Shortly afterwards hostilities between Persia and Athens ceased, called the peace of Callias . Some time later Megabyzus himself revolted. Ctesias tells us the reason was that Amestris had the captives from the Egyptian revolt executed, though Megabyzus had given his word that they would not be harmed. Armies under Usiris of Egypt and then prince Menostanes , a nephew of the king, were sent against him, both foregoing batt ... more details
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