Infobox mineral name Arsenopyrite category Sulfide mineral boxwidth boxbgcolor image Arsenopyrite, Panasqueira Mine, Portugal.jpg caption Arsenopyrite, Panasqueira Mine, Portugal formula FeAsS strunz 02.EB.20 symmetry Monoclinic 2 m prismatic unit cell a 5.744 , b 5.675 , c 5.785 112.3 Z 4 color Steel grey to silver white habit Acicular, off square prismatic, stubby striated also compact, granular, columnar system monoclinic twinning Common on 100 and 001 , contact penetration twinning on 101 cleavage 110 distinct fracture Subconchoidal to rough tenacity Brittle mohs 5.5 6 luster Metallic refractive opticalprop Anisotropism strong red violet birefringence pleochroism Weak, white or bluish tint, faint reddish yellow streak Black gravity 5.9 6.2 melt fusibility Yes diagnostic solubility ... Arsenopyrite is an iron arsenic sulfide FeAsS . It is a hard Mohs scale of mineral hardness Mohs .... ref name Hurlbut When dissolved in nitric acid , it releases elemental sulfur . When arsenopyrite is heated, it becomes magnetic and gives off toxic fumes. With 46 arsenic content, arsenopyrite, along with orpiment , is a principal ore of arsenic. When deposits of arsenopyrite become exposed ..., density, and garlic odor when struck are diagnostic. Arsenopyrite in older literature may be referred ... ref Arsenopyrite also can be associated with significant amounts of gold . Consequently it serves as an indicator of gold bearing reefs. Many arsenopyrite gold ores are refractory , i.e. the gold is not easily liberated from the mineral matrix. Arsenopyrite is found in high temperature hydrothermal ... Arsenopyrite 176706.jpg thumb left Arsenopyrite crystal from the Yaogangxian Mine, Hunan, China size 2.7 x 2.0 x 1.7 cm Arsenopyrite crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system and often shows prismatic crystal or columnar forms with striation s and Crystal twinning twinning common. Arsenopyrite ... in arsenopyrite. The arsenopyrite group includes the following rare minerals Clinosafflorite ... more details
The sulfarsenide minerals are a subgroup of the sulfide mineral s which include arsenic replacing sulfur as an anion in the formula. ref name Klein Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, 20th ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, p. 290 ISBN 0 471 80580 7 ref Antimony and bismuth may occur with or in place of the arsenic as in ullmannite . The chemical formula of a sulfarsenide looks like a Sulfosalt mineral sulfosalt , however the structures are distinctly different. In sulfosalts the arsenic replaces a metal ion. ref name Klein The sulfarsenides are grouped with the sulfide mineral sulfides in both the Dana and Strunz classification Strunz mineral classification systems. ref http webmineral.com dana II 2.shtml 2.1 Webmineral Dana ref ref http webmineral.com strunz II.shtml Webmineral Strunz ref Examples include ref name Klein ref http rruff.info about downloads AM93 1183.pdf Hexiong Yang and Robert T. Downs, Crystal structure of glaucodot, Co,Fe AsS, and its relationships to marcasite and arsenopyrite , American Mineralogist, Volume 93, pages 1183 1186, 2008 ref ref Palache, C., H. Berman, and C. Frondel 1944 Dana s system of mineralogy, 7th edition , v. I, p. 296 ref Arsenopyrite group Arsenopyrite FeAsS Glaucodot Co,Fe AsS Gudmundite FeSbS Lautite CuAsS Alloclasite Co,Fe AsS Cobaltite group Cobaltite CoAsS Gersdorffite NiAsS Ullmannite Ni,Cu,Fe Sb,As,Bi S References Reflist Category Sulfide minerals sulfide mineral stub ... more details
Image Panasqueira Fluorapatite Ferberite.jpg thumb upright Fluorapatite on ferberite , Minas da Panasqueira, Level 3, Beira Baixa, Portugal 2002 Panasqueira is one of the largest tungsten mines in the world. It is located in Covilh , Castelo Branco, Portugal Castelo Branco , Portugal . Geology The deposit is located in a region in which Precambrian shale , greywacke and sandstone units were intruded by the Panasquieira Granite. Contact metamorphism adjacent to the granite converted the shale into hornfels consisting of biotite , cordierite and andalusite . Quartz veins and masses were produced by regional metamorphism during the Hercynian orogeny . The upper part of the leucogranite batholith is associated with massive quartz greisen and veins within the hornfels and shale. Mineralisation in the deposit includes an oxide silicate stage consisting of wolframite , cassiterite , arsenopyrite , topaz , muscovite and tourmaline . This was followed by sulfide mineralisation consisting of further arsenopyrite, pyrite , pyrrhotite , chalcopyrite , sphalerite and stannite . A late stage of calcite and dolomite with minor sulfide minerals ended the mineralisation event. ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org loc 2591.html Panasquieira at Mindat.org ref Mineral specimens This classic locality has for over 100 years produced fine collector specimens. These include exceptional specimens of fluorapatite , ferberite , arsenopyrite , siderite , quartz and numerous other species such as chalcopyrite , sphalerite , dolomite , calcite , mica , tourmaline , fluorite and topaz . It has also produced some very rare minerals and is the Type locality geology type locality for panasqueiraite and thadeuite . ref name Mindat For many years the sale of mineral specimens from the mine was forbidden, as tungsten was a strategic mineral. Quite a few years ago, and at the same time as Portugal began to change after its entry into the European Union , things began to become easier. However, unfortunat ... more details
Uchucchacuaite silver Ag manganese Mn lead Pb sub 3 sub antimony Sb sub 5 sub sulfur S sub 12 sub is a rare sulfosalt mineral found in hydrothermal deposits. It was first described in 1984 for an occurrence in the Uchucchacua Mine, Oyon Province , Lima Department , Peru and named for the mine. ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org min 4075.html Mindat.org ref It has also been reported from mines in Hokkaido , Japan . ref name Mindat It occurs with alabandite , galena , benavidesite , sphalerite , pyrite , pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite in the Peru deposit. ref name HBM http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom uchucchacuaite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref References Reflist http www.webmineral.com data Uchucchacuaite.shtml Webmineral Category Sulfosalt minerals sulfide mineral stub it Uchucchacuaite ... more details
Alloclasite cobalt Co , iron Fe arsenic As sulfur S is a sulfosalt mineral . It is a member of the arsenopyrite group. Alloclasite crystallizes in the monoclinic system and typically forms as columnar to radiating Crystal habit acicular prismatic clusters. It is an opaque steel gray to silver white, with a metallic Lustre mineralogy lustre and a black Streak mineralogy streak . It is brittle with perfect cleavage, a Mohs hardness of 5 and a specific gravity of 5.91 5.95. ref name Handbook http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom alloclasite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref It was first described in 1866 for an occurrence in Romania . ref http www.mindat.org min 134.html Mindat data ref Its name is derived from Greek language Greek for other and to break, in reference to its distinct cleavage which distinguished it from the similar appearing mineral marcasite . ref http www.webmineral.com data Alloclasite.shtml Webmineral data ref ref name Handbook References Reflist Category Cobalt minerals Category Iron minerals Category Sulfosalt minerals Category Monoclinic minerals sulfide mineral stub it Alloclasite lv Alloklaz ts ... more details
Zykaite or z kaite is a grey white mineral consisting of arsenic , hydrogen , iron , sulfur and oxygen with formula Fe sup 3 sup sub 4 sub AsO sub 4 sub sub 3 sub SO sub 4 sub OH 15 H sub 2 sub O . ref name Webmin http webmineral.com data Zykaite.shtml Webmineral data ref This dull mineral is very soft with a Mohs hardness of only 2 and a specific gravity of 2.5. It is translucent and crystallizez in the orthorhombic crystal system . ref name HB http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom zykaite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref Its common associate geology associates include limonite , gypsum , scorodite , quartz and arsenopyrite . ref name HB It is found in the Czech Republic , Poland and Germany . ref name Mindat Zykaite was first described in 1978 for an occurrence in the Safary mine, Kutn Hora, Bohemia , Czech Republic and named in honour of Vaclav Zyka, a Czech geochemist . ref name HB ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org min 4437.html Mindat.org ref References Reflist Category Sulfate minerals Category Arsenic minerals Category Orthorhombic minerals Sulfate mineral stub fr Zykaite it Zykaite ... more details
Infobox mineral name Glaucodot category mineral boxwidth boxbgcolor image Glaucodot 169959.jpg caption Glaucodot from H kansboda, Lindesberg , Sweden. Size 3.3 x 2.7 x 2.6 cm. formula Co,Fe AsS Co sub 0.75 sub Fe sup 2 sub sub 0.25 sub AsS molweight 165.15 strunz 02.EB.10c color Grayish tin white, Reddish silver white habit Massive Uniformly indistinguishable crystals forming large masses. system Orthorhombic 2 m 2 m 2 m Space Group C mmm twinning cleavage None fracture Brittle Uneven Very brittle fracture producing uneven fragments. mohs 5 luster Metallic refractive fluorescence inert opticalprop birefringence pleochroism streak black gravity 5.9 6.01, Average 5.95 melt fusibility diagnostic solubility diaphaneity other Nonmagnetic, non radioactive Glaucodot is a cobalt iron arsenic sulfide mineral with formula Co,Fe AsS. The cobalt iron II ratio is typically 3 1 with minor nickel substituting. It forms a series with arsenopyrite FeAsS . It is an opaque grey to tin white typically found as massive forms without external crystal form. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system. The locality at H kansboda, Sweden has rare Crystal twinning twinned dipyramidal crystals see photo . It is brittle with a Mohs hardness of 5 and a specific gravity of 5.95. It occurs in high temperature hydrothermal deposits with pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite . Glaucodot is classed as a sulfide in the arsenopyrite l llingite group. Glaucodot was first described in 1849 in Huasco, Valpara so Province , Chile . Its name originates from the Greek blue in reference to its use in the dark blue glass called smalt . References http webmineral.com data Glaucodot.shtml Webmineral Glaucodot http www.mindat.org min 1709.html Mindat with location data http www.geology.neab.net minerals glaucodo.htm Scandinavian mineral gallery Hurlbut, Cornelius S. Klein, Cornelis, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy , 20th ed., p. 288, ISBN 0 471 80580 7 Commons category Glaucodot position left Category Cobalt minera ... more details
Infobox mineral name Loellingite boxwidth boxbgcolor image Lollingite 177962.jpg imagesize alt caption Sharp, lustrous loellingite and or arsenopyrite ? crystals to 4 mm on gossan matrix. Locality Broken Hill Ore Deposit , New South Wales , Australia. Size 2.4 x 2.2 x 2.0 cm. category Arsenide mineral formula FeAs sub 2 sub strunz 02.EB.15a dana symmetry Orthorhombic 2 m 2 m 2 m dipyramidal unit cell a 5.16 , b 5.93 , c 3.05 Z 2 molweight color Seel grey to silvery white colour habit Prismatic to pyramidal crystals, massive system Orthorhombic twinning On 001 , possibly trillings, polysynthetic on 101 cleavage Rare, distinct on 010 , 101 fracture Uneven tenacity mohs 5 5.5 luster Metallic streak Grayish black diaphaneity gravity 7.1 7.5 density polish opticalprop Distinctly anisotropic in reflected light refractive birefringence pleochroism 2V dispersion extinction length fast slow fluorescence absorption melt fusibility diagnostic solubility impurities alteration other references ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org min 2426.html Mindat ref ref name Webmin http webmineral.com data Lollingite.shtml Webmineral ref ref name HBM http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom lollingite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref Loellingite , also spelled l llingite , is an iron arsenide mineral with formula FeAs sub 2 sub . It is often found associated with arsenopyrite FeAsS from which it is hard to distinguish. Cobalt , nickel and sulfur substitute in the structure. The orthorhombic lollingite group includes the nickel iron arsenide rammelsbergite and the cobalt iron arsenide safflorite . Leucopyrite is an old synonym for loellingite. It forms opaque silvery white orthorhombic prismatic crystals often exhibiting crystal twinning . It also occurs in anhedral masses and tarnishes on exposure to air. It has a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6 and a quite high specific gravity of 7.1 to 7.5. It becomes magnetic after heating. Loellingite was first described in 1845 at the L lling district in Carinth ... more details
It is a rare secondary mineral in highly weathered mine dumps containing arsenopyrite in the Czech Republic . It occurs in association with scorodite , pitticite , parascorodite , zykaite , arsenopyrite ... more details
Bacterial oxidation BIOX is a biohydrometallurgy biohydrometallurgical process developed for pre cyanidation treatment of refractory gold ores or concentrates. The bacterial culture is a mixed culture of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans , Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans . The bacterial oxidation process comprises contacting refractory sulfide ROM ore or concentrate with a strain of the bacterial culture for a suitable treatment period under an optimum operating environment. The bacteria oxidise the sulfide minerals, thus liberating the occluded gold for subsequent recovery via cyanidation . Under controlled continuous plant conditions, the number of bacterial cells and their activity is optimised to attain the highest rate of sulfide oxidation . The bacteria require a very acidic environment pH 1.0 to 4.0 , a temperature of between 30 and 45 C, and a steady supply of oxygen and carbon dioxide for optimum growth and activity. The unusual operating conditions for the bacteria are not favourable for the growth of most other microbes , thus eliminating the need for sterility during the bacterial oxidation process. Because organic substances are toxic to the bacteria, they are non pathogenic and incapable of causing disease. The bacteria employed in the process do not, therefore, pose a health risk to humans or any animals. The bacterial oxidation of iron sulfide minerals produces iron III sulfate and sulfuric acid , and in the case of arsenopyrite , arsenic acid is also produced. The arsenic is removed from the liquor by coprecipitation with the iron and sulfate in a two stage neutralisation process. This produces a solid neutralisation precipitate containing largely calcium sulfate , basic iron III arsenate and iron III hydroxide . The iron III arsenate is sufficiently insoluble and stable to allow the neutralisation product to be safely disposed of on a slimes dam. The neutralisation liquor, purified to contain an acceptable level of arsenic, can be ... more details
File Cassiterite Mt Bischoff mine, Waratah, Tasmania, Australia.jpg thumb right Crystals of cassiterite , a commercially valuable mineral, in a matrix of quartz , the gangue In mining, gangue is the commercially worthless material that surrounds, or is closely mixed with, a wanted mineral in an ore deposit . The separation of mineral from gangue is known as mineral processing , mineral dressing or ore dressing and it is a necessary and often significant aspect of mining . It can be a complicated process, depending on the nature of the minerals involved. For any particular ore deposit, and at any particular point in time, the concentration of the wanted mineral s in the gangue material will determine whether it is commercially viable to mine that deposit. The ease with which the ore can be separated also plays an important part. Early mining ventures, with their relatively unsophisticated methods, often could not achieve a high degree of separation, so significant quantities of minerals found their way into the tailings dumps of mines. As the value of a mineral increases, or when new and cheaper means of processing the ore are introduced it has often become worthwhile to rework such old dumps to retrieve the minerals they still contain. Minerals that were once thought of as gangue, and were dumped as tailings, may later find a commercial use. When this happens the old dumps are often reworked to extract the wanted mineral. For instance in copper mines in the 19th century the mineral arsenopyrite was dumped until arsenic became popular as an insecticide later in the century. References Reflist An Elementary Outline Of Mechanical Processes , by G. W. Danforth. 1912 49. Elimination Of Gangue Category History of mining Category Ore deposits mining stub ca Ganga geologia cs Hlu ina es Ganga geolog a fr Gangue ko ja no Gr berg nn Gangart i gruver pl Ska a p onna pt Ganga simple Gangue sv Gr berg sn Mambara ... more details
Kipushi is a town in Haut Katanga District , Democratic Republic of the Congo . It lies 35 km southwest of the city of Lubumbashi , very close to the border with Zambia , at an altitude of 1329 m 4363 ft . ref National Geographic Atlas of the World Revised Sixth Edition , National Geographic Society , 1992 ref The main economic activity of the town is mining . Kipushi is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sakania Kipushi . Kipushi Mine The Kipushi Mine formerly Prince L opold Mine produces copper , lead and zinc . Ore occurs in open spaces and collapse breccia s along a fault zone. The primary zinc rich ore body contains the minerals sphalerite , galena , pyrite , and arsenopyrite , accompanied by renierite , and some germanite and gallite. These minerals were overprinted by a formation of mostly copper rich minerals, including cobalt bearing chalcopyrite , and germanium and silver bearing bornite , plus molybdenite . The ore body is estimated to have contained 70 million tonnes of ore, with an average of 4.8 Cu, 8.8 Zn and 0.5 Pb. From 1925 to 1986 the mine at Kipushi produced 3.8 million tonnes of copper, 5.9 million tonnes of zinc, 0.4 million tonnes of lead, 45,000 tonnes of cadmium , and 120 tonnes of germanium , plus other elements. References Reflist H ll, R., Kling, M., and Schroll, E., 2007, Metallogenesis of germanium A review Ore Geology Reviews, v. 30, p. 145 180. External links http maps.msn.com 282npftw45loawulzjcayx4tyd 29 map.aspx?lats1 11.7625&lons1 27.25&alts1 14®n1 2 MSN Map DRCongo geo stub coord 11 45 45 S 27 15 00 E display title region CD KT type city 1000 source dewiki Category Populated places in Haut Katanga Province Category Katanga province de Kipushi fr Kipushi hu Kipushi pl Kipushi ru zh ... more details
File Realgar Getchell Mine, Nevada, USA.JPG thumb Realgar from Getchell Mine Getchell Mine is an underground mining hard rock underground gold mining mine owned by both Barrick Gold , and Newmont Mining , and is located near Winnemucca, Nevada Winnemucca , Nevada . The operation consists of two underground mines, the Getchell Mine, and Turquoise Ridge. The mining method currently used is drift and fill . The gold deposit is a Carlin type gold deposit a sediment hosted disseminated gold deposit. These deposits are characterized by invisible gold distribution in pyrite and arsenopyrite . Further reading cite journal doi 10.2113 gsecongeo.46.3.267 title The occurrence of gold at the Getchell Mine, Nevada year 1951 last1 Joralemon first1 P. journal Economic Geology volume 46 issue 3 pages 267 cite journal doi 10.2113 96.1.75 url http www.segweb.org eg papers Abs96 1 files cline.pdf title Timing of Gold and Arsenic Sulfide Mineral Deposition at the Getchell Carlin Type Gold Deposit, North Central Nevada year 2001 last1 Cline first1 J. S. journal Economic Geology volume 96 issue 1 pages 75 External links http www.mindat.org loc 3905.html Getchell Mine at mindat.org Barrick Gold coord 41.2161111111 N 117.256666667 W display title Commons category Category Gold mining in Nevada Category Buildings and structures in Humboldt County, Nevada Category Underground mines in the United States Category Barrick Gold Category Mines in Nevada mining stub ... more details
File 20070616 AlteElisabeth.jpg thumb The historic Alte Elisabeth silver works in Freiberg The Freiberg Mining Field lang de Freiberger Revier or Freiberger Bergbaurevier is an ore ore field which, in its widest sense, is located on an ore deposit of precious metal precious and non ferrous metal s roughly 35 x 40 kilometres in area in the lower Eastern Ore Mountains in the German Free State of Saxony . The mining region is centred on Freiberg , but extends beyond that town s borough into the municipalities of Halsbr cke , Hilbersdorf bei Freiberg Hilbersdorf , Bobritzsch Gemeinde Bobritzsch , Wei enborn Erzgeb. Wei enborn , Obersch na and the boroughs of Brand Erbisdorf and Gro schirma . Mining has been carried out here since the last third of the 12th century. In a narrower sense the name refers to the area covered by the Freiburg and Halsbr ck mining territories Freiberger and Halsbr cker Grubenfelder . The Brand Mining Field Brander Revier immediately to the south comprises just the one mining territory, the Brander Grubenfeld . Mining in the Freiberg area began here in the 12th century. The most important mineral mineral deposits are the ores blue lead galena , zincblende sphalerite , fool s gold pyrite , arsenical iron arsenopyrite , argentiferous grey copper ore freibergite , red silver ore s and silver glance . The most important non metallic materials are quartz , calcareous spar calcite , heavy spar baryte and fluorspar fluorite . ref Otfried Wagenbreth, Eberhard W chtler et. al. Der Freiberger Bergbau Technische Denkmale und Geschichte , 1st ed., Deutscher Verlag f r Grundstoffindustrie Leipzig 1985, ISBN 3 342 00117 8. ref Within this mining region there were, historically, a large number of smelteries and, even today, there are still various active smelting works, for example, in Muldenh tten . References references Coord 50 55 10 N 13 21 00 E type city region DE SN display title Category Mining in the Ore Mountains Category Freiberg, Saxony de Freiberge ... more details
Infobox mineral name Arseniosiderite category Arsenate mineral boxwidth boxbgcolor image Arseniosiderite d06 152a.jpg caption Arseniosiderite, size 6.4 6.2 5.6 mm formula Ca sub 2 sub Fe sup 3 sup sub 3 sub AsO sub 4 sub sub 3 sub O sub 2 sub 3H sub 2 sub O molweight 766.50 g symmetry unit cell a 17.76, b 19.53, c 11.3, Z 12 strunz 08.DH.30 08 dana 42.09.02.03 color Bronze brown yellow to black habit Fibrous system Monoclinic Prismatic H M symbol 2 m , space group A2 a twinning cleavage 100 good tenacity mohs 4.5 luster Submetallic refractive n sub sub 1.815, n sub sub 1.898, n sub sub 1.898 opticalprop Biaxial 2V birefringence 0.083 pleochroism streak Ochraceous gravity 3.5 3.9, average 3.7 melt fusibility diagnostic solubility diaphaneity Translucent to opaque other Non fluorescent references ref http www.mindat.org min 360.html Arseniosiderite . Mindat.org ref ref name Webmin http webmineral.com data Arseniosiderite.shtml Arseniosiderite . Webmineral.com ref ref name hand http www.handbookofmineralogy.org pdfs arseniosiderite.pdf Arseniosiderite . Handbook of mineralogy ref Arseniosiderite is a rare arsenate mineral formed by the oxidation of other arsenic containing minerals, such as scorodite or arsenopyrite . It occurs in association with beudantite, carminite, dussertite, pharmacolite, pitticite, adamite and erythrite. The name arseniosiderite reflects two major elements of the mineral, arsenic and iron Greek sideros means iron . ref name hand References reflist mineral stub Category Arsenate minerals ... more details
Infobox mineral name Bismuthinite category Sulfide mineral boxwidth boxbgcolor image Bismuthinite.jpg imagesize caption Bismuthinite Schlaggenwald Horni Slavkov Bohemia Czech Republic XX 1.1cm formula Bi sub 2 sub S sub 3 sub strunz 02.DB.05a color Lead gray to tin white, with a yellowish or iridescent tarnish. habit Slender prismatic to acicular, massive lamellar system Orthorhombic Dipyramidal 2 m 2 m 2 m twinning cleavage 010 Perfect fracture Brittle sectile mohs 2 luster Metallic refractive opticalprop Opaque streak Lead grey gravity 6.8 7.2 density melt fusibility diagnostic solubility diaphaneity other references ref name Handbook http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom bismuthinite.pdf Mineral Handbook ref ref name webmineral http webmineral.com data Bismuthinite.shtml Webmineral Site ref ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org min 686.html Mindat mineral data ref Bismuthinite is a mineral consisting of bismuth III sulfide bismuth sulfide bismuth Bi sub 2 sub sulfur S sub 3 sub . It is an important ore for bismuth. The crystals are steel grey to off white with a metallic luster. It is soft enough to be scratched with a fingernail and rather dense. Bismuthinite forms a series with the lead, copper, bismuth mineral aikinite lead Pb copper Cu bismuth Bi sulfur S sub 3 sub . ref name Mindat File Bismuthinite 136224.jpg thumb left Bismuthinite crystal group from Bolivia size 2.9 x 1.9 x 1.5 cm It occurs in hydrothermal Vein geology veins with tourmaline bearing copper veins associated with granite , in some high temperature gold veins, and in recent volcanic exhalation deposits. Associated minerals include native bismuth, aikinite, arsenopyrite , stannite , galena , pyrite , chalcopyrite , tourmaline, wolframite , cassiterite and quartz . ref name Handbook It was first reported in 1832 from the mines of Potos , Bolivia . ref name webmineral References references Category Bismuth minerals Category Sulfide minerals Category Orthorhombic minerals sulfide mineral stub ca B ... more details
infobox mineral name Stannite category Sulfide mineral boxwidth boxbgcolor image Stannite2.jpg imagesize alt caption Stannite Fabulosa Mine, Larecaja Province, La Paz Department, Bolivia 2 mm crystals formula Cu sub 2 sub FeSnS sub 4 sub strunz 02.CB.15a dana symmetry Tetragonal overline 4 2m unit cell a 5.4432 , c 10.7299 Z 2 molweight color Steel gray to iron black, may tarnish blue colour habit Rarely as pseudo octahedral crystals also massive, granular, and disseminated system Tetragonal Scalenohedral H M Symbol overline 4 2m Space Group overline 4 2m twinning Penetration twins on 102 cleavage Indistinct on 110 and 001 fracture Uneven tenacity mohs 4 luster Metallic streak Black diaphaneity Opaque gravity 4.3 4.5 density polish opticalprop refractive birefringence pleochroism 2V dispersion extinction length fast slow fluorescence absorption melt fusibility diagnostic solubility other alteration references ref name Handbook http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom stannite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref ref name Webmin http webmineral.com data Stannite.shtml Webmineral data ref ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org min 3747.html Mindat.org ref Stannite is a mineral, a sulfide of copper , iron , and tin . The chemical formula copper Cu sub 2 sub iron Fe tin Sn sulfur S sub 4 sub . Zinc commonly occurs with the iron and trace germanium may be present. ref name Mindat Stannite is used as an ore of tin, consisting of approximately 28 tin, 13 iron, 30 copper, 30 sulfur by mass. It is found in tin bearing, hydrothermal Vein geology vein deposits occurring with chalcopyrite , sphalerite , tetrahedrite , arsenopyrite , pyrite , cassiterite , wolframite . ref name Handbook Also known as bell metal ore . The name comes from the Latin for tin stannum . It was first described in 1797 for an occurrence in Wheal Rock, St. Agnes, Cornwall , England . ref name Mindat See also Kesterite References Reflist Category Copper minerals Category Iron minerals Category Tin minerals Ca ... more details
Infobox settlement more fields are available for this Infobox See Template Infobox Settlement coordinates display inline,title coordinates region RO subdivision type Countries of the world Country subdivision name ROU timezone Eastern European Time EET utc offset 2 timezone DST Eastern European Summer Time EEST utc offset DST 3 map caption Location of Baia de Arie official name Baia de Arie pushpin map Romania subdivision type1 Counties of Romania County subdivision name1 Alba County subdivision type2 Subdivisions of Romania Status subdivision name2 Autolink Town settlement type Town leader title Mayor leader name Silviu Mirzan leader party Social Democratic Party Romania Social Democratic Party area total km2 81 population as of 2002 population total 5065 latd 46 latm 22 lats 46 latNS N longd 23 longm 16 longs 47 longEW E website Baia de Arie Hungarian language Hungarian Aranyosb nya or Offenb nya German language German Offenburg is a town in Alba County , Romania . It administers five villages Br ze ti, Cioara de Sus, Muncelu, Sart and Simule ti. With a population of 5,065, it was until 2004 a mining centre extracting, mainly for base metal s but also arsenopyrite and pyrite rich concentrate containing gold . File Baia de Arie 1.jpg left thumb Baia de Arie , seen from a nearby hill The first writing about it is in a document of Charles I of Hungary since 1325. In the beginning of the 15th century it was declared free town. It lost town status later, but regained it in 1998. Baia de Arie s tourist objectives are the monument of nature tree known as the Emperor s beech and the Muncel Monastery. Demographics According to the Demographics of Romania census from 2002 there was a total population of 4,669 people living in this commune. Of this population, 98.88 are ethnic Romanian people Romanians , 0.83 are ethnic Hungarian people Hungarians and 0.19 ethnic Roma Romani subgroup Rroma . ref http www.edrc.ro recensamant.jsp?regiune id 2568&judet id 2569&localitate ... more details
infobox mineral name Nagyagite category Sulfosalt mineral image Nagyagite 163939.jpg imagesize alt caption Nagyagite from Nagyag S c r mb , Romania image width 1.5 mm formula Pb sub 5 sub Au Te,Sb sub 4 sub S sub 5 8 sub ref name Mindat or AuPb Sb,Bi Te sub 2 3 sub S sub 6 sub ref name Webmin or Te, Au Pb Pb, Sb S sub 2 sub ref name Handbook strunz 02.HB.20a dana 02.11.10.01 symmetry Z molweight color colour Blackish lead grey pale grey in polished section habit Tabular crystals often bent , also massive granular system Monoclinic , pseudotetragonal. Point Group 2 m. twinning Crossed twin lamellae observed on 001 sections cleavage Perfect on 010 , excellent on 101 fracture Hackly tenacity Flexible, slightly malleable mohs 1.5 luster Metallic, bright on fresh cleavage streak Blackish lead grey diaphaneity Opaque gravity 7.35 7.49 density polish opticalprop refractive birefringence pleochroism Weak 2V dispersion extinction length fast slow fluorescence absorption melt fusibility diagnostic solubility other alteration references ref name Handbook http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom nagyagite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org min 2830.html Mindat.org ref ref name Webmin http webmineral.com data Nagyagite.shtml Webmineral data ref Nagyagite lead Pb sub 5 sub gold Au tellurium Te , antimony Sb sub 4 sub sulfur S sub 5 8 sub is a rare sulfide mineral with known occurrence associated with gold ores. Nagyagite crystals are Opacity optics opaque , monoclinic and dark grey to black coloured. It was first described in 1845 for an occurrence at the Type locality geology type locality of the Nagyag mine, Sacar mb, Hunedoara , Romania . ref name Mindat ref name Webmin It occurs in gold tellurium epithermal hydrothermal Vein geology veins . Minerals associated with nagyagite include altaite , petzite , stutzite , sylvanite , tellurantimony , coloradoite , krennerite , native arsenic , native gold, proustite , rhodochrosite , arsenopyrite , sphaler ... more details
infobox mineral name Danalite category Sodalite Feldspathoid boxwidth boxbgcolor image Danalite 202027.jpg imagesize alt caption formula Fe sup 2 sup sub 4 sub Be sub 3 sub SiO sub 4 sub sub 3 sub S strunz 09.FB.10 dana 76.02.04.02 symmetry Z molweight color Yellow, pink, reddish brown, red colorless to pink in thin section colour habit Octahedral and dodecahedral crystals, typically massive or as segregations system Isometric hextetrahedral overline 4 3m twinning cleavage 111 and 1 overline 1 1 fracture Subconchoidal to uneven tenacity Brittle mohs 5.5 to 6 luster Vitreous or greasy streak Grey white diaphaneity Semitransparent gravity 3.28 3.46 density polish opticalprop Isotropic refractive n 1.747 1.771 birefringence pleochroism 2V dispersion extinction length fast slow fluorescence absorption melt fusibility diagnostic solubility other alteration references ref name Handbook http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom danalite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref ref name Mindat http www.mindat.org min 1341.html Mindat.org ref ref name Webmin http webmineral.com data Danalite.shtml Webmineral data ref Danalite is an iron beryllium Silicate mineral silicate sulfide mineral with formula Fe sup 2 sup sub 4 sub Be sub 3 sub SiO sub 4 sub sub 3 sub S. It is a rare mineral which occurs in granite s, tin bearing pegmatite s, Contact metamorphism contact metamorphic skarn s, gneiss es and in hydrothermal deposits. It occurs in association with magnetite , garnet , fluorite , albite , cassiterite , pyrite , muscovite , arsenopyrite , quartz , and Chlorite group chlorite . ref name Handbook Danalite was first described in 1866 from a deposit in Essex County, Massachusetts and named for American mineralogist James Dwight Dana 1813 1895 . ref name Webmin It has been found in Massachusetts, New Hampshire , Sierra County, New Mexico Yavapai County, Arizona Needlepoint Mountain, British Columbia Walrus Island Hudson Bay, Nunavut Walrus Island , James Bay , Quebec Sweden Cornwall , Englan ... more details
Infobox mineral name Andorite category Sulfosalt mineral boxwidth boxbgcolor image Andorite Itos Mine, Oruro City, Cercado, Oruro Department, Bolivia.jpg imagesize caption Andorite Itos Mine, Oruro City, Cercado Province , Bolivia. Specimen height is 4.1 cm. formula PbAgSb sub 3 sub S sub 6 sub strunz 02.JB.40a symmetry Orthorhombic 2 m 2 m 2 m dipyramidal unit cell a 12.99 , b 19.14 , c 4.3 Z 4 color Dark steel gray, may tarnish yellow or iridescent white in polished section habit Crystals stout prismatic to tabular on 100 , striations parallel to 001 massive system orthorhombic twinning On 110 cleavage none observed fracture conchoidal mohs 3 3.5 luster metallic polish refractive opticalprop anisotropic birefringence dispersion pleochroism fluorescence absorption streak Black gravity 5.33 5.37 density melt fusibility diagnostic solubility diaphaneity Opaque other references ref name Mindat Cite web title Andorite Mindat mineral information and data. url http www.mindat.org min 222.html year 2010 accessdate 2 04 10 ref ref name HBM http rruff.geo.arizona.edu doclib hom andorite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy ref Andorite is a sulfosalt minerals sulfosalt mineral with the chemical formula PbAgSb sub 3 sub S sub 6 sub . It was first described in 1892 for an occurrence in the Baia Sprie mine, Baia Sprie , Maramures County , Romania , and named for Hungarian amateur mineralogist Andor von Semsey 1833 1923 . ref name Mindat ref name webmin Cite web title Andorite Mineral Data url http www.webmineral.com data Andorite.shtml year 2010 accessdate 2 04 10 ref Andorite occurs in low temperature polymetallic hydrothermal veins. It occurs associated with stibnite , sphalerite , baryte , fluorite , siderite , cassiterite , arsenopyrite , stannite , zinkenite , tetrahedrite , pyrite , alunite , quartz , pyrargyrite , stephanite and rhodochrosite . ref name HBM File Andorite Stannite pas 118b.jpg thumb left Sharp crystals of andorite to 7 mm with stannite matrix, San Jos Mi ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
