orphan date February 2010 Armenian Genocide ArmeniancasualtiesduringWorldWarI covers the Armenia n casualties beginning with 1914 to 1922 when the Democratic Republic of Armenia becomes part of Armenian ... Armenia Ottoman Armenian population Turkish War of Independence Notes reflist DEFAULTSORT ArmenianCasualtiesDuringWorldWarI Category Ottoman Empire in WorldWarI Category Armenian Genocide Category ... the camps of red cross and American Committee for Relief in the Near East. Image WorldWarI Near East ... to high value hundred thousand Armenians were perished during the military conflicts of WorldWarI , beginning with the Armenian Resistance and following years under many campaigns of DRA. DRA ... of Bash Abaran with the Ottoman Empire . Also, Georgian ArmenianWar 1918 , Armenian Azeri war 1918 , and later Turkish ArmenianWar . During the 1914 18 Armenian military power against the Ottoman .... The main causes can be classified as Deportations Main Armeniancasualties of deportations See also ..., Sec. IV, p. 787 ref Yusuf Halacoglu an estimates that 40 thousand casualties had been registered during relocation which he claims only half a million Armenians were effected. ref Halacoglu, Prof ... of Hovhannes Kachaznuni , was responsible for over half a million Armenian refugees in the Caucasus ... source to the fate of half a million Armenian refugees of the government of Hovhannes Kachaznuni ... published reports Armenian and Russian Refugee Problems Report... Geneva np, 1926. ref and individual report of Transfer of Armenian Refugees to the Caucasus and Creation of an Armenian National Home in That Region . ref Transfer of Armenian Refugees to the Caucasus and Creation of an Armenian ... of Armenia , which was in transition to Armenian SSR at that time, was listed as 400,000 to 420,000 of Ottoman Armenian survivors after the war. ref See League of Nations Assembly Fifth Committee published reports Armenian and Russian Refugee Problems Report... Geneva np, 1926. Settlement of Armenian ... more details
casualties in WorldWarI were over 35 million. There were over 15 million deaths and 20 million wounded ... available. These sources are cited WorldWarIcasualties Notes on sources below . Military casualty ... that are often omitted from other compilations of WorldWarIcasualties . The war brought about malnutrition ..., within contemporary borders, duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian journalist in a 2004 handbook ... of German Colonial military deaths, within contemporary borders, duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian ... flag Ireland Ireland was a part of the UK duringWorldWarI. Two thirds of the island left to form ... million Poles served in the Armed Forces of the occupying powers duringWorldWarI. Total deaths ... deaths, within contemporary post 1945 borders, duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian journalist ... was part of Austria Hungary duringWorldWarI. The following estimates of Romanian deaths, within contemporary borders, duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian journalist in a 2004 handbook ... contemporary borders, duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian journalist in a 2004 handbook ... Slovenia , Croatia and Bosnia were part of Austria Hungary duringWorldWarI . Serbia including ... deaths, within 1991 borders, duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian journalist in a 2004 ... flag Nepal Nepal DuringWorldWarI 1914 18 , the Nepalese army was expanded and six new regiments ... the British Indian Army Indian soldiers who died duringWorldWarI. The main sources used for military ... 9 Page 100 ref The following estimates of civilian deaths duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian ... ref The names of the soldiers who died for France duringWorldWarI are listed on line by the French ... j sup German occupation of Luxembourg in WorldWarI Luxembourg remained under German control during ... 7 million civilians. The Allies of WorldWarI Entente Powers also known as the Allies lost about 6.0 ... in WorldWarI were in battle, unlike the conflicts that took place in the 19th century when the majority ... more details
casualtiesArmeniancasualtiesduringWorldWarI As many as 1.5 million Ottoman Armenians were reported ... to Christian millet of the Empire see ArmeniancasualtiesduringWorldWarIArmeniancasualties . One ... Empire, and famine in the eastern parts. Ottoman casualties of WorldWarI covers the civilian ... was applied in stanbul for the first time duringWorldWarI, and a lasting phraseology describes ... duringWorldWarI in the history of the Empire but they did not participate in action and served behind ... duringWorldWarI Guenter Lewy nevertheless maintains that none of this can compare or compensate ... in 1985. 25 26 See also Portal Military history of the Ottoman Empire WorldWarIcasualties Notes Reflist dmy date December 2010 DEFAULTSORT Ottoman Casualties Of WorldWarI Category Ottoman casualties of WorldWarI Ottoman casualties of WorldWarI Category Aftermath of WorldWarI Category WorldWarIcasualties Category Ottoman Empire in WorldWarI Category History of the Ottoman Empire Category Demographics of the Ottoman Empire Category Ottoman military personnel of WorldWarI ..., of population transfer or of search for political asylum, but Aftermath of WorldWarIWorldWarI and its aftermath caused migrations at unprecedented large scales, including the Ottoman Empire ... stands out among the countries that took part in WorldWarI ref name Kamer Kasim 2005, page 205 Kamer ..., H. G. Dwight, of the travelers guide book Until WorldWarI, Istanbul s civilian Muslim population ... Turkish War , Balkan Wars , WorldWarI social disintegration was inevitable ref Nur Bilge CRISS ... Z rcher, Between Death and Desertion. The Experience of the Ottoman Soldier in WorldWarI , Turcica ... attempting, by doing so, to escape persecution. For WorldWarI, the relatively most reliable sources ... A History of the Ottoman Army in the First WorldWar , but partitioning of the Ottoman Empire made the estimation of the total civilian casualties harder. Also, it was not a novelty in world history ... more details
duringWorldWarI. Picture British Vickers machine gun crew on the Western Front. Technology duringWorldWarI reflected a trend toward industrialism and the application of mass production methods ..., the aircraft underwent many improvements duringWorldWarI. Early war aircraft were not much different ... arms fire. See also portal WorldWarI History of technology Military funding of science Technology duringWorldWar II WorldWarI Room 40 Signal Corps Radio List of U.S. Signal Corps Vehicles References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Technology DuringWorldWarI Category Military equipment of WorldWarI Category Science and technology duringWorldWarI da Teknologi under 1. verdenskrig fr Technologie ... WarIduring the American Civil War U.S. Civil War , and continued through many smaller conflicts ... escalation duringWorldWar II , it was apparent that whatever the gains in prosperity ... and fire plans were developed The majority of casualties inflicted during the war were the result ... left thumb 300px Australian infantry with gas masks, Ypres , 1917. Main Poison gas in WorldWarI At the beginning ... in WorldWarI aircraft called contact patrols that could carry messages between headquarters and forward ... warfare Main Aviation in WorldWarI Image Fokker Dr1 on the ground.jpg thumb 300px right The Fokker ... can be blamed to some degree for the stalemate of trench warfare. Tanks Main Tanks in WorldWarI Unsourced ... as the 1890s, few authorities showed interest in them until the trench stalemate of WorldWarI ... by enemy fire. Regardless of their effects on WorldWarI, tank technology and mechanized warfare ... ref Naval Warfare Main Naval warfare of WorldWarI The years leading up to the war saw the use of improved ..., to direct its resources to a new form of naval power submarines. Submarines WorldWarI ... of the horrors of technology applied to warfare. The earlier years of the First WorldWar can ... battles with huge numbers of casualties on both sides. It was not until the final year of the war ... more details
History of Germany DuringWorldWarI , the German Empire was one of the Central Powers that ultimately ... car on the way to the front during early WorldWarI, taken in 1914. Taken from greatwar.nl ... 1996, Vol. 3 Issue 2, pp 186 207 ref War deaths main WorldWarIcasualties Out of a population of 65 ... of Serbia Serbia by its ally, Austria Hungary . German forces fought the Allies of WorldWarI Allies on both the Eastern Front WorldWarI eastern and Western Front WorldWarI western fronts, although ... in the winter of 1916 1917 known as the turnip winter. Overview main German Empire WorldWarI Germans responded to the beginning of warduring 1914 with the same general enthusiasm as did many people ... Front WorldWarI The German army opened the war on the Western Front with a modified version of the Schlieffen ... Republic . Home front The concept of total war in WorldWarI, meant that supplies had to be redirected ..., eds. The Economics of WorldWarI 2005 ISBN 0 521 85212 9. Covers France, UK, USA, Russia, Italy, Germany ... Aviation of WorldWarI A Pictorial Chronicle of the Airmen and Aircraft That Forged German ... of WorldWarI publisher year 1991 isbn 1 55778 382 9 Donson, Andrew. Why did German youth become ... oclc 250441891 Morrow, John. German Air Power in WorldWarI . Lincoln University of Nebraska Press ... rus . WWI history by nation DEFAULTSORT History Of Germany DuringWorldWar II Category 20th century in Germany Category German Empire in WorldWarI ar bg ... of 1916 17 was called turnip winter . During the war, about 750,000 German civilians died from malnutrition ... WarI British forces halted the German advance east of Paris at the First Battle of the Marne 5 ... Keith Allen, Sharing scarcity Bread rationing and the First WorldWar in Berlin, 1914 1923, Journal .... ref Leo Grebler and Wilhelm Winkler, The Cost of the WorldWar to Germany and Austria Hungary ... Germany s Aims in the First WorldWar location New York publisher Norton year 1967 oclc 1558559 original ... more details
of the Reasons for War, October 1917. WWI history by nation WorldWarI DEFAULTSORT Brazil DuringWorldWarI Category Military history of Brazil Category Wars involving Brazil Category Brazil in WorldWarI es Brasil en la Primera Guerra Mundial fr Br sil pendant la Premi re Guerre mondiale hu Braz lia ... president Venceslau Br s declares war on the Central Powers . In 1917, the Brazilian president Venceslau Br s declared war against the Central Powers . Brazil in WorldWarI 1914 1918 had a position ... stipulated the use of part of the Fleet into U boat Campaign WorldWarI anti submarine warfare ... igu brazilinthefirstworldwar links.htm Information about Brazil s participation in the WorldWarI conflict ... Latin American country that participated effectively in the First WorldWar. Initial phase Brazil was officially ... Rio Grande do Sul.jpg thumb right 300px Brazilian War Ship Rio Grande do Sul , First WorldWar ... participation of the Brazilian Navy in WorldWar. This, by Ministerial Notice No. 501 of January ... WarI U.S.Naval Institute 1994 Page 395 ref This long hesitation among the Allied command, combined ... mission Image The Brazilian Medical Mission to France 1918.jpg thumb left 150px First WorldWar, Brazilian ... it had seized during the war, which were then incorporated into the Brazilian naval fleet. Brazil ... sunk by German U boats during the war. Peace agreement After the war Brazil participated in the Conference ... of Nations. After returning to Brazil, the Division of Naval Operations in WorldWar was dissolved .... See also Brazilian Expeditionary Force Brazilian Expeditionary Force WorldWar II U boat Campaign WorldWarI Epit cio Pessoa Admiral Pedro Max Fernando Frontin References Reflist Bibliography refbegin ... by a German submarine in the early years of the war on May 3, 1916, but this was in restricted waters ... of the war, although neutral, Brazil faced a complicated social and economic situation. Its ... merchant navy ships in the world 4,466 tons , loaded with coffee, browsing in accordance ... more details
on two fronts one in Dobruja with Bulgaria duringWorldWarI Bulgaria and one in Transylvania , and to obtain ... peace conference, Russian Empire Russian military assistance against Bulgaria duringWorldWarI Bulgaria , an Allies of WorldWarI Allied offensive in the direction of Bulgaria duringWorldWarI Bulgaria , and the regular sending of Allies of WorldWarI Allied war supplies. The military convention ... against Bulgaria duringWorldWarI Bulgaria and Ottoman Empire Turkey no later than August ... right Percentage of military deaths duringWorldWarI for the Entente Powers The 1916 counteroffensive ... in Romania, November 1916 to January 1917 gallery See also Portal WorldWarI Romanian Navy duringWorldWarI References Reflist Sources Cite book title Franz Conrad von H tzendorf Architect of the Apocalypse ... WWI history by nation Romanian topics WorldWarI Bulgaria in WorldWarI DEFAULTSORT Romania During ...Infobox military conflict conflict Romanian Campaign partof the Balkans Campaign WorldWarI Balkans Campaign of WorldWarI image File Romanian troops at Marasesti in 1917.jpg 300px caption Romanian troops ... br November 1918 Allies of WorldWarI Allied victory, Treaty of Versailles combatant1 flagicon ... was part of the Balkans Campaign WWI Balkan theatre of WorldWarI , with Kingdom of Romania Romania ... Austro Hungarian Empire was attacked. While Carol wanted to enter WorldWarI as an ally ... Army would not be subordinated to Russian Empire Russia . The Allies of WorldWarI Allies were to send ... of WorldWarI Allies failure to fulfill the obligation they had assumed through the military ... vital in keeping Germany in the war to the end of 1918. ref John Keegan, WorldWarI , pg. 308 ref Romania ... WorldWarI Document Archive Bot generated title ref The Romanian control of Transylvania, which had ... of Romania s guaranteed security from Bulgaria. ref Torrey, Romania and WorldWarI, p. 27 ref This proved ... initially demanded. ref Torrey, Romania and WorldWarI, p. 65 ref Romania was thus placed in a difficult ... more details
Auchinleck The Indian Army duringWorldWarI , sometimes called the British Indian Army , contributed ... duringWorldWarI order of battle In 1914, the Indian Army was the largest volunteer army in the world ... from Europe to India, ref name su9 where South Arabia duringWorldWarI there was limited fighting ... seven expeditionary forces overseas duringWorldWarI. ref name su6 Indian Expeditionary Force A Image ..., during the winter of 1914&ndash 15 Main Western Front WorldWarI On the outbreak of war the Indian ... See also Indian Army 1895 1947 Defence of India Act 1915 Middle Eastern theatre of WorldWarI Indian Army duringWorldWar II British Raj WorldWarI and its aftermath Notes Reflist 2 References Refbegin ... Forces WorldWarI Use dmy dates date November 2010 DEFAULTSORT Indian Army DuringWorldWar ... br British expedition to Tibet br WorldWarI br Waziristan campaign 1919 1920 br Waziristan campaign ... east theatres of war in WorldWarI . One million Indian troops would serve overseas, of whom 62,000 ..., ten army divisions. ref name su3 In WorldWarI the Indian Army fought against the German Empire in German East Africa and on the Western Front WorldWarI Western Front . At the First Battle ... were wounded. ref Sumner, p.7 ref In total, 74,187 Indian soldiers died in WorldWarI. ref name CWrepdirect Home service Main Hindu German Conspiracy Before WorldWarI, the Indian Army was deployed ... in place and took part in the Third Afghan War at the end of WorldWarI. ref name su9 In supporting ... to the British Expeditionary Force WorldWarI British Expeditionary Force and the four divisions ... ref Indian Expeditionary Force B Main East African Campaign WorldWarI In 1914, the Governor ... For further information, see British Raj WorldWarI and its aftermath WorldWarI and its aftermath ... Burma Rifles when Burma ceased to be governed by India. ref name su15 The end of WorldWarI ... the Indian soldiers who lost their lives fighting in WorldWarI. ref cite web accessdate 2009 ... more details
History of Poland While Poland did not exist as an independent state duringWorldWarI , its geographical .... WorldWarIcasualties Total deaths from 1914 18, military and civilian, within the 1919 1939 ... of Poland 1918 1939 WWI history by nation commons category Poland duringWorldWarI Category Poland in WorldWarI Category Military history of Poland Link FA pl pl Historia Polski 1914 1918 ... losses occurred on the Polish lands between 1914 and 1918. When WorldWarI started, Polish territory, split during partitions of Poland partitions between Austro Hungary , German Empire and Russian Empire , became the scene of much of the operations of the Eastern Front WWI Eastern Front of WorldWarI . Aftermath of WWI After WorldWarI and the collapse of the Russian, German and Austro Hungarian Empires, Poland became Second Polish Republic an independent republic . War on the Polish lands ... in WorldWarI Much of the heavy fighting on the war s Eastern Front took place on the territory ... WorldWar , Oxford University Press, 2007, ISBN 0192803425, http books.google.com books?id HHAK6eMMLg4C ... behind Russian lines during the war. Although the Russian offensive of 1916 caught the Germans and Austrians ... and fifty one divisions, WWI WorldWar One Resource Centre Great War History www.vlib.us wwi resources ... WarI . Polish opinion crystallized in support of the Allied cause. J zef Pi sudski became a popular ... Governor s Palace in Kielce , 1914 The war split the ranks of the three partitioning empires ... Eastern Europe Galicia , so even before the war they allowed nationalist organizations to form there for example ... Martel, page 126, July 2007, Wiley Blackwell ref As the war settled into a long stalemate, the issue of Polish self rule gained greater urgency. Roman Dmowski spent the war years in Western Europe ... liberation. In the meantime, J zef Pi sudski Pi sudski had correctly predicted that the war would ... was to be created after the war of only of a small part of the old Commonwealth, i.e. the territory ... more details
2000 present style background color f3f3f3 The British Army duringWorldWarI fought the largest and most ... men in 1918 to 370,000 men by 1920. Organisation The British Army duringWorldWarI could ... Recruitment to the British Army duringWorldWarI In August 1914, 300,000 men had signed up to fight ... Expeditionary Force WorldWarI British Expeditionary Force BEF , which was formed for service ... of the army fought in the main theatre of war on the Western Front WorldWarI Western Front in France ... Expeditionary Force WorldWarI British Expeditionary Force BEF that was sent to the continent ... divisions in WorldWarI In 1914, each British infantry division consisted of three infantry brigades ... main British Expeditionary Force WorldWarI British Expeditionary Force order of battle 1914 File ... Force WorldWarI British Expeditionary Force BEF had controlled a formation larger than a division ... flair. ref Blaxland 1968 , p. 143 ref On the Macedonian front WorldWarI Macedonian front , General ... accessdate 2008 01 28 ref Officer selection File General Officers of WorldWarI by John Singer Sargent.jpg thumb 300px General Officers of WorldWarI , painting by John Singer Sargent 1922 . In August ... name bs48 Weapons main British Army uniform and equipment in WorldWarI The British Army was armed ... a minute. ref name js124 WorldWarI accounts tell of British troops repelling German attackers ... , p. 27 ref By the end of WorldWarI, over 50,000 Lewis Guns had been produced they were nearly ubiquitous ... Highland Division WorldWarI 51st Highland Division refused to cooperate with the tanks, a decision ... Japanese Army Japanese Army in China during the Siege of Tsingtao . The war also posed problems ... nephritis . When the war ended in 1918, British Army casualties, as the result of enemy action ... the war with six regular and 14 reserve divisions. During the war, a further six regular, 14 Territorial ... in WorldWar One publisher BBC History url http www.bbc.co.uk history british britain wwone pals ... more details
See Ottoman casualties of WorldWarI . casualties2 notes Campaignbox WorldWarI The campaign in South Arabia duringWorldWarI was a minor struggle for control of the port city of Aden , an important ... allowed for. ref name GreatWar Reinforcements from India Seealso Indian Army duringWorldWarI File ...Warbox conflict Campaign in South Arabia partof Middle Eastern theatre of WorldWarI campaign image ... of WorldWarI A Political, Social and Military History , Volume 1, Spencer C. Tucker, ed. Santa .... External links Commons category South Arabia campaign in WorldWarI http www.flickr.com photos 10101541 ... WorldWarI WWI history by nation Category Campaigns and theatres of WorldWarI Category Middle Eastern theatre of WorldWarI Category British Empire in WorldWarI Category Ottoman Empire in WorldWarI Category History of Yemen ... off by the Brigade. ref name Aden Richard J. Shuster, Aden . The Encyclopedia of WorldWar .... ref name GreatWar Propagandising during the war, British historian F. A. McKenzie wrote of the sultan ... in the Philippines during the Spanish American War 1898 he was severely wounded in South Africa during the Second Anglo Boer War 1899 1902 and later on he shared in the big punitive ... of the Ottoman Empire after the war. ref name Aden Uses of the South Arab ports during the war ... WarI A Political, Social and Military History , Volume 1, Spencer C. Tucker, ed. Santa Barbara ... The Palestine Campaign in the First WorldWar . London Murray, 2002. Connelly, Mark. http www.js ... for First WorldWar Studies , 2 1 2005 65 96. Farndale, Sir Martin. History of the Royal ... of war declared war on the Ottoman Empire on 5 November 1914, and the Ottomans responded with their own ... Great War Brits in Caucasus India 01.htm The Defence of India . The Great War The Standard History of the All Europe Conflict . H. W. Wilson , ed. Vol. 7, chapt. 128. ref At the start of the war, the British ... more details
of Biography accessdate 10 February 2011 ref Opposition A number of Australian women opposed the war, or certain aspects of it. Australian Pacifism pacifists and anti conscription activists during this period included Bella Guerin and Doris Blackburn . See also WorldWarI conscription in Australia References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Australian Women DuringWorldWarI Category Australian women Category Women in WorldWarI Australia stub ...Orphan date December 2010 expert subject date November 2010 The role of Australian women duringWorldWarI was focused mainly upon their involvement in the provision of Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps nursing services . ref cite web url http www.awm.gov.au exhibitions 1918 medical nurses.asp title 1918 Australians in France  Nurses  The roses of No Man s Land publisher Australian War Memorial accessdate 22 November 2010 ref Australian women also played a significiant role on the homefront, where they undertook fundraising and recruiting activities as well as organising comfort packages for soldiers serving overseas. Around the issue of Conscription in Australia conscription , women were involved in campaigning on both sides of the debate, ref cite web url http www.awm.gov.au exhibitions forging australians women.asp title Forging the Nation Australian Women publisher Australian War Memorial accessdate 22 November 2010 ref while they were also equally involved in the Australian General Strike of 1917 New South Wales strike in 1917. Nevertheless despite this involvement, women .... Nursing One of the primary roles for Australian women during the war was nursing. The Australian Army Nursing Service AANS had 2,562 active nurses during the war, over 2,000 of whom served outside Australia. 25 AANS nurses died during the war. Nurses were present on the Western Front , in Greece ... Comforts Fund The Cheer Up Society Awards The following women received medals or other awards for their war ... more details
and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland British or French Third Republic French troops in WorldWarI , particularly that between British and German troops stationed along the Western Front WorldWarI Western Front during Christmas 1914. During the truce, a Christmas 1915 Football Game game ...When WorldWarI was declared in 1914, it had a negative effect on association football in some countries ... for spending the duration of WorldWarI in Europe. ref cite web url http www.guardian.co.uk football .... ref name Football and the First WorldWar Many football players, both amateur and professional, lost their lives. Scottish side Celtic F.C. Celtic was Celtic F.C. and WorldWarI badly affected , and lost ... s Battalion accessdate 1 April 2009 publisher Hearts Great War Memorial Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Decorated footballers A number of British soldiers received medals for bravery duringWorldWarI, including Bernard Vann Military Cross MC and Victoria Cross VC , Donald Simpson Bell ... See also Association football duringWorldWar II References Reflist Category Cultural history of WorldWarI Association football Category History of association football WorldWarI Category Wartime association football WorldWarI ... christmas 1915 worldwar one.htm title Christmas 1915 WorldWar One accessdate 27 .... ref name Football and the First WorldWar cite web url http www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk FWWfootball.htm title Football and the First WorldWar accessdate 27 March 2009 publisher Spartacus Educational ... football was suspended in England. Many footballers signed up to fight in the war and as a result ... turned into potato fields. ref name FC Basel After the outbreak of war in 1914, the Switzerland national ... football 2009 mar 25 the knowledge football bravery war title Which footballers have been honoured ... . ref name Guardian Players killed in action Teams lost a number of players during the conflict. English ... more details
Norway was a neutral country duringWorldWarI , but the country was subject to extensive espionage from both sides in the conflict. Background Two proactive Acts had been sanctioned by the Norwegian Parliament in the early phase of the conflict. These were Lov om forsvarshemmeligheter in 1914, and Lov om kontroll av post og telegrafforbindelser in 1915. ref name haarstad 1988 cite book title I hemmelig tjeneste first Gunnar last Haarstad authorlink Gunnar Haarstad page 57 language Norwegian year 1988 publisher Aschehoug location Oslo ref ref name nfh cite book title Norsk forsvarshistorie volume 3 first Rolf last Hobson first2 Tom last2 Kristiansen page 133 language Norwegian publisher Eide forlag year 2001 location Bergen ref Chief of the criminal department of the Oslo Kristiania Police Johan S hr was responsible for police investigations of espionage in Norway duringWorldWarI. In 1938 he wrote a book giving an account of the espionage investigations during the war period. ref name nbl sohr cite encyclopedia title Johan S hr encyclopedia Norsk biografisk leksikon first J rn Kr. last J rgensen editor Knut Helle Helle, Knut publisher Kunnskapsforlaget location Oslo url http www.snl.no .nbl biografi Johan S C3 B8hr utdypning language Norwegian accessdate 20 February 2010 ref Cases Finnmark The county of Finnmark borders to both Finland and Russia, and during the Finnish Civil War and the Russian Civil War considerable amounts of goods were transported from Skibotn into Finland ... espionage cases duringWorldWarI. Bergen was an important harbour, and information about ships traffic was sensitive due to the U boat Campaign WorldWarI U boat Campaign by the German Empire against ... , Gj vik , Skien and T nsberg . ref S hr, 1938 pp. 135 136 ref References Reflist Category WorldWarI espionage Category Norway in WorldWarI no Spionasje i Norge under f rste verdenskrig .... Fra opdagelsespolitiets arbeide under verdenskrigen first Joh. last S hr chapter Spioner i Bergen ... more details
The Royal Romanian Navy duringWorldWarI 1914 1918 was divided into two fleets Danube fleet River Monitors NMS I. C. Bratianu NMS Al. Lahovari NMS L. Catargiu NMS M. Kogalniceanu Gunboats NMS Grivita NMS Oltul NMS Siretul NMS Bistrita Fluvial Motor Torpedo Boats NMS Major Ene NMS Captain L. Bogdan NMS Captain Romano NMS Major Giurascu NMS Major Sontu NMS Major Gr. Ioan NMS Lt. Calinescu NMS Captain V Maracineanu Black Sea fleet Cruisers NMS Elisabeta Torpedo boats NMS Smeul NMS Zborul NMS Naluca use dmy dates date December 2010 DEFAULTSORT Romanian Navy Between 1914 1918 Category History of the Romanian Navy ... more details
File WWI BG MAP.jpg 250 px right thumb Bulgaria n campaigns duringWorldWarI , borders in grey. File ... it degraded into a state of trench attrition on both the Romania duringWorldWarI Northern and the Macedonian Front WorldWarI Southern Front ref name Crampton1 Crampton, pg.139 ref This prolonged .... The Kingdom of Bulgaria participated in WorldWarI on the side of the Central Powers from 15 October ... , composed of contingents from almost all Allies of WorldWarI Entente countries, managed to break the Macedonian Front WorldWarI Macedonian Front and cause the rapid collapse of part of the Bulgarian ..., and the Allies of WorldWarI Entente which stood behind it, was a victory for Austria Hungary ... Allies of WorldWarI Entente attitude were appointed ambassadors to London , Paris and Sankt Peterburg ..., pp.37 38 ref The most active Allies of WorldWarI Entente power in the Balkans was Russia, which sought ... of WorldWarI Entente capitals, even if their approach towards the country differed. Initially ... extend the already huge Eastern Front WorldWarI Eastern Front . ref name 6 , pp.64 ref The Central ... neutral Balkan Capital city capitals but it did not enhance the Allies of WorldWarI Entente s cause ... of the WorldWarI Great European War . The popular opinion lacked enthusiasm for entering ... appearing to gain the upper hand. On the Western Front WorldWarI Western Front in February the France ... WorldWarI Eastern Front where they had considerable success against the Russians in the Second ... to throw in its lot with the Allies of WorldWarI Entente . ref name 13 , pg,146 ref Radoslavov ... clash between the diplomacy of the Allies of WorldWarI Entente and the Central Powers take place ... failure the Allies of WorldWarI Entente even resorted to more unusual means of keeping Bulgaria ... WarI was marked by the signing of the Treaty of Neuilly in 1919, according to which the country had ... territorial compensations from Bulgaria for its neutrality during the war. ref name Crampton5 Crampton ... more details
Lanz SL2 bombing Warsaw in 1914 The introduction of strategic bombing duringWorldWarI 29 July 1914 ... commanded aircraft duringWorldWarI. The improvements in aircraft technology during and after the war ... bombing in WorldWar II . Germany main German strategic bombing duringWorldWarI The first strategic ... that conflict. DuringWorldWarI, like France, Italy did not wish to bomb centres of civilian population, behind enemy lines duringWorldWarI, because many of the obvious targets had a high number ... to WorldWarI, as can the design of dedicated anti aircraft artillery and the role of interceptor aircraft . Many of the advocates of strategic bombing during the interwar period , such as Italy s Giulio ... . In Britain, fear of the Zeppelin as a weapon of war preceded its actual use as one, as even before the WorldWar the British public was gripped by zeppelinitis . ref name Madison Rodney Madison, Air Warfare, Strategic Bombing . The Encyclopedia of WorldWarI A Political, Social and Military History ... of Paris and the French nation. Before the stabilisation of the Western Front WorldWarI Western ... targets on the Eastern Front WorldWarI Eastern Front , rather those were supply depots ... missions over Venice after the Italian Front WorldWarI Italian Front had been advanced to within ... . New York Scribner, 1982. wwi air Category Strategic bombing Category WorldWarI aviation Category Aerial operations and battles of WorldWarI ... by the Germans in the opening days of the war. The lessons of strategic bombing were essential to the development of dedicated bomber aircraft, like the light bomber and heavy bomber , duringWorldWarI. Initially bombs were dropped by hand and aimed by the nake eye, but by the end of the war crude ... Bombing . The European Powers in the First WorldWar An Encyclopedia , Spencer C. Tucker, ed ... employed 125 airships during the war, lost more than half and sustained a 40 attrition rate of their crews ... more details
ref Ukraine after the Russian Revolution of 1917 DuringWorldWarI the western Ukrainians Ukrainian ...History of Ukraine Upon the outbreak of WorldWarI , the name Name of Ukraine Ukraine was used only geographically, as the term did not exist nationally. The territory that made up the modern country of Ukraine was part of the Russian Empire with a notable southwestern region administered by Austro Hungarian Empire , and the border dating to the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Ukraine s role in the prelude to the war main Origins of WorldWarI Image Gubernias de Ucrania ENG.png thumb left 200px Modern ..., 1914.jpg thumb right 200px Eastern Front on the verge of conflict in 1914 main Eastern Front WorldWarI The Battle of Galicia Russian advance into Galicia began in August 1914. During the offensive ... Soviet Union . As a result of WorldWarI and the Russian Civil War , Ukrainians saw ... their lives while fighting for it. ref name Reid With the end of WorldWarI the Ukrainian national ... Category Austria Hungary in WorldWarI Category Russian Empire in WorldWarI Category WorldWarI by country ro Ucraina n timpul Primului R zboi Mondial tr I. D nya Sava nda Ukrayna uk ... with the end of the First WorldWar for Ukrainians. Fighting actually escalated with the beginning of the Russian Revolution of 1917 . The revolution began a civil war within the Russian Empire and much of the fighting took place in the Ukrainian provinces. Many atrocities occurred during the civil war as the Red, White, Poland Polish , Ukrainian, and allied armies marched throughout the country. ref name Reid There were couple of attempts during this period when the Ukrainians successfully established ... in a major standoff for the Balkans and the Slavic Orthodox population it harboured. A Balkan war ... by ethnic and religious loyalties and a rivalry with Austria dating back to the Crimean War . Recent ... s Republic see also Ukraine after the Russian Revolution Ukrainian War of Independence Image West ... more details
deaths duringWorldWarI were made by a Russian journalist in a 2004 handbook of human losses in the 20th ... century DEFAULTSORT Vietnam DuringWorldWarI Category French Indochina Category Military history of Vietnam duringWorldWarI Category Vietnamese independence movement Category Wars involving Vietnam ... empire French Empire , and many Vietnamese people Vietnamese fought in WorldWarI see Vietnamese Expeditionary Force . Service in Europe and the Middle East The French entry into WorldWarI saw ... theatre of WorldWarI Middle East . Exposed to new political ideals and returning to a colonial occupation ... victories and losses on WorldWarI battlefields contributed significantly to Vietnam s national identity ... of Independence . Post war Following WorldWarI, foreign investment in Vietnam mushroomed. As a result ... Annam and Tonkin . In the years immediately following WorldWarI, the scholar led Vietnamese ... essence of the Vietnamese nation. By WorldWarI, qu c ng had become the vehicle for the dissemination ... in 1907, emperor at the outbreak of The war to end war . At the outbreak of the Great War , or WorldWarI , Vietnam was part of French Indochina . While seeking to maximize the use of Indochina s natural resources and manpower to fight the First WorldWar, France cracked down on all patriotic mass ... 107 1 ref men died during the conflict when they fought and died on the French side. The Vietnamese also endured additional heavy taxes to help pay for France s war efforts. Uprisings Numerous anti colonial revolts occurred in Vietnam during the war, all easily suppressed by the French. In May 1916 ... French investments in and imports to Vietnam during the war had opened opportunities to entrepreneurial .... The fact that France succeeded in holding on to Vietnam during the war years was mainly due to the weakness ... as a result of the war to stage any significant uprisings. The scholars movement had declined while ... Ocean . One of the most effective uprisings during this period was in the northern Vietnamese ... more details
no footnotes date October 2008 cleanup date October 2008 At the outbreak of WorldWarI in August 1914 ... Minister of Greece believed that based on the treaty, he could get Greece to join the war on the Allies of WorldWarI Allied side if the Allies landed 150,000 troops in Salonika . Venizelos failed to bring Greece into the war on the Allied side because King Constantine I of Greece was the brother .... Road to War details National Schism Greece had signed a defense treaty with the Kingdom of Serbia ... Empire Russian , Italian, and Serb troops fought the war from Greek territory engaging Bulgarian forces when they invaded Greece in August 1918. Greece joins the war details Movement of National ... them failed, and relations irreparably broke down during the Noemvriana , when French and Greek ... were exiled to France and Italy. Greece officially declared of war against the Central Powers on 2 ... Navy. Participation in the war File Greek Parade Paris 1919.jpg thumb 250px Greek Parade Paris 1919.jpg Greek military formation in the WorldWarI Victory Parade in Arc de Triomphe , Paris. July 1919. main Balkans Campaign WorldWarI Macedonian Front WorldWarI The Macedonian front WorldWarI Macedonian front stayed mostly stable throughout the war. Bulgaria had occupied Thrace in northern Greece from Allied forces before Greece s entry into the war. In May 1918, Greek forces under French ... di Legen on 30 May 1918. This was the first major involvement of Greek forces in the war. Later in 1918 ... Hungary until the Hungarian authorities offered Surrender military surrender . After the war Being ... military suffered an estimated 5,000 dead Gilbert 541 from their nine divisions that participated in the war. References Gilbert, Martin 1994 . The First WorldWar. Keegan, John 1998 . The First WorldWar. Strachan, Hew 1998 . WorldWarI A History. WWI history by nation Category Greece in WorldWarI Link FA fr es Grecia durante la Primera Guerra Mundial fr Gr ce dans la Premi re Guerre mondiale ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2007 Aliyah Prior to and during the period of WorldWarI , the area of Palestine was controlled by the Ottoman Empire . This regime imposed many harsh demands on the Jewish settlement, and was ended in 1918 when the British Mandate of Palestine British Mandate became valid. The difficulties Faced by the Jewish Settlement The Jewish settlement was treated badly during the Ottoman Empire Ottoman regime. Upon the eruption of WorldWarI , the regime severed supply lines to Palestine ... network and against the whole Jewish settlement. Category Aliyah WorldWarI Category Yishuv duringWorldWarI es Aliy e Yishuv durante la Primera Guerra Mundial he ... of Germany during the war would hopefully change its mind about the Jewish population in Israel. In contrast with that, supporting the Allies of WorldWarI might give a reason for the Ottomans to eliminate the Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel. Still, identification with Germany during the war might have endangered the millions of Jews in Russia and Poland, and as the Allies of WorldWarI ... during the war had pressure on Turkey against the deportation of the Jewish population from the country ... during the war. Chaim Weizmann and Ze ev Jabotinsky supported political activism rather than neutralism ... difficulties such as war taxes and the confiscation of work animals, tools and food. Other difficulties .... The attitude of the Ottoman administration to the Jews hardened as their situation in the war deteriorated ... a sort of a war between the Ottoman authorities and the Zionist movement in Israel. The Ottoman ... was the closest, in order to return easily after the crisis. The position of the World Zionist Organization ... on a more neutral policy. This position required the moving of the central offices of the World ... of the World Zionist Organization on being neutral and they established the underground Nili .... The interconnection between the Nili and the British intelligence took place during visits British ... more details
. History of Japan Japan participated in nihongo WorldWarI Daiichiji Sekai Taisen from ... Pacific Mandate . Despite Japan s relatively small role in WorldWarI and the Western powers rejection ... , Japan had emerged as a great power in international politics by the close of the war. The prosperity brought on by WorldWarI did not last. Although Japan s light industry had secured a share of the world market, Japan returned to debtor nation status soon after the end of the war. The ease ... to 1930s. See also portal WorldWarI Asian and Pacific theatre of WorldWarI References loc http lcweb2.loc.gov frd cs jptoc.html Japan JapanEmpireNavbox WWI history by nation DEFAULTSORT Japan DuringWorldWarI Category 20th century in Japan Category Empire of Japan Category Japan in WorldWarI Category Military history of Japan Category Wars involving Japan Category Taish era fa ... an ultimatum on August 14, 1914, which went unanswered Japan then formally declared war on the German ... and surrounded the German settlement at Jiaozhou Bay Tsingtao Kiautschou . During October, acting ... the world s first Aircraft carrier naval launched air raids against German held land targets in Shandong ... allies heavily involved in the war in Europe, Japan sought further to consolidate its position ... 788 ships containing around 700,000 soldiers, thus contributing greatly to the war effort. A further ... . When the United States entered the war on 6 April 1917, the Americans and Japanese found themselves ... tensions. Events of 1918 main Russian Civil War Siberian Intervention File The Illustration of The Siberian War, No. 16. The Japanese Army Occupied Vragaeschensk Blagoveshchensk .jpg thumb Japanese ... date November 2010 opposition from the United States. Toward the end of the war, Japan increasingly filled orders for needed war materiel for its European allies. The wartime boom helped to diversify ... ja ru fi Japani ensimm isess maailmansodassa tr I. D nya ... more details
Initiation File War flag of Thailand WorldWarI Obverse .svg thumb Siamese flag of war established for the conflict front File War flag of Thailand WorldWarI Reverse .svg thumb Siamese flag of war ... morts 14 18.jpg WorldWarI Memorial in Bangkok File Detail m morial.jpg Detail of the memorial in Bangkok ... also History of Thailand Category WorldWarI Category History of Thailand Category Military history .... ref http www.firstworldwar.com features thailand.htm Thailand and the First WorldWar . Retrieved ... Photo of Rama VI When U.S. President Woodrow Wilson declared war on the German Empire in April 1917, it became increasing clear to Siam that the war was tipping against the Central Powers . Although Vajiravudh ... that entering the war on the side of the Allies would help Siam gain more land beyond that established ... and Britain. Siam declared war on the Central Powers on July 22, 1917. It was, however, an unpopular ... territory, and at the beginning of the war had by far the largest shipping interests, carrying ... from Prussian military academies. On September 20 the Ministry of War announced the decision ... government, King Vajiravudh declared war on the German Empire and Austria Hungary . Siam quickly ... sorties in the final weeks of the war, although others claim the Thais finished their training too late to take part. File Firstworldwar.jpg thumb The Siamese Expeditionary during Force Victory ... more details
Army duringWorldWarI recruitment campaign of WorldWarI were the Lord Kitchener Wants ... 1977 pp 90 91 harvnb Sanders 1982 p 147 ref See also History of the United Kingdom duringWorldWarI Wellington House British propaganda duringWorldWar II Soap made from human corpses Notes reflist ...In WorldWarI , British propaganda took various forms, including pictures, literature and film. Britain ... Role in WorldWarI propaganda Edith Cavell was a nurse in Brussels who was involved in a network .... L. title Wellington House and British propaganda during the First WorldWar journal The Historical ... 3 publisher Sage Publications, Ltd. Category United Kingdom in WorldWarI Category Propaganda ... activities in Germany. During most of the war, responsibility for propaganda was divided between ... in the Second WorldWar. Citation needed date June 2009 In Germany, military officials such as Ludendorff ... ref Various organisations were established during the war, and several attempts at centralisation and greater ... statements concerning British foreign policy. During the early phase of the war, many voluntary ... Office s control of propaganda emerged during the year, particularly from the War Office . After ... during the war, with emphasis on the need for credibility. ref harvnb Sanders 1982 p 143 ref Literature Various written forms of propaganda were distributed by British agencies during the war ... by Britain in the First WorldWar. It reached its peak in 1915, with much of the atrocities ... widely disseminated documents of atrocity propaganda during the war was the Committee on Alleged ... WorldWar location London year 1977 citation last Horne first John coauthors Kramer, Alan title ... first Gary S. title British Propaganda and the State in the First WorldWar location New York year 1992 citation last Ponsonby first Arthur title Falsehood in War Time Propaganda Lies of the First World ... WorldWar, 1914 18 location London year 1982 citation last Welch first David chapter Fakes title ... more details
War II casualties of the Soviet Union roughly 8.7 million Soviet soldiers died in the course of the war. Recent historical scholarship has shed new insight into the topic of Second WorldWarcasualties ... compilations of WorldWar II casualties. ref name ReferenceA John W. Dower War Without Mercy 1986 ISBN ... nations in WorldWar II suffered disproportionally more casualties than others. This is especially true ... . Historians often put forward many different estimates of the numbers killed duringWorldWar II .... The WorldWar II casualties Footnotes footnotes give a detailed breakdown of the casualties and their sources ... as non combat causes. Partisan military Partisan and Resistance duringWorldWar II resistance ... duringWorldWar II Allied war crimes and deaths due to war related famine and disease. The exact breakdown ... European Jew s duringWorldWar II, Martin Gilbert estimates 5.7 million 78 of the 7.3 million ... among the total 130,895 List of Japanese run internment camps duringWorldWar II western civilians ... the Molotov Ribbentrop Pact Soviet annexations in 1939 40 are included with WorldWar II casualties ... toccolours collapsible style width 90 center Casualties of WorldWar II by Branch of Service center ... battle Deaths in WorldWar II ort & 39 , Table, p. 8 Battle casualties by type of casualty and disposition ..., & 39 U.S. Army Battle Casualties and Non battle Deaths in WorldWar II ort & 39 , Table, p. 8 Battle .... The Pacific War claimed the lives of more than 100,000 US military personnel WorldWar II was the List ... soldiers aim their rifles. WorldWar II fatality statistics vary, estimates of total ... document an estimated death toll in WorldWar II of 62 to 78 million, making it the deadliest war ... 40 to 52 million, including 13 to 20 million from war related disease and famine. Total Battle casualties of WorldWar II military dead from 22 to 25 million, including deaths in captivity of about 5 ... WorldWar II Europe Asia Studies , July 1994. ref In August 2009 the Polish Institute of National Remembrance ... more details