A metal ion in aqueoussolution is a cation , dissolved in water , of chemical formula M H sub 2 sub ... by hydrogen bonds to the molecules in the first shell. In aqueoussolution the water molecules directly ... state 5 or higher. Rather, the species found in aqueoussolution are monomeric and polymeric oxyanions ..., p. 181. ref For ions in solution Shannon s effective ionic radius is the measure most often used. ref ... in solution by solvated anions, but much less is known about anion solvation than about cation ... aqueous solvent s, such as liquid ammonia , methanol , dimethyl formamide and dimethyl sulphoxide to mention a few. ref cite book last Chipperfield first John title Non Aqueous Solvents year 1999 ... Information obtained on the nature of ions in solution varies with the nature of the experimental ... of average properties, others give information about the dynamics of the solution. Nuclear magnetic ... Th sup 4 sup 9 sup 1 sup H X ray diffraction XRD A solution containing an aqua ion does not have ... A.G. Editor last2 Johansson first2 Georg title Structures of Compexes in Solution Derived from ... of ions in aqueous solutions hydration and complex formation date 1988. publisher CRC Press location ... cite journal last Nieson first G.W. coauthors Enderby, J.E. year 1983 title The Structure of an AqueousSolution of Nickel Chloride journal Proc. Roy. Soc., A volume 390 pages 353 371 doi 10.1098 rspa.1983.0136 ... The Physics and Chemistry of Aqueous Solutions series NATO ASI Series publisher Reidel year 1987 isbn 9027725349 pages 129 145 chapter Diffraction Studies of Aqueous Ionic Solutions p. 138. ref Cation ... solvation shells. The measured solvation number is a time averaged value for the solution ... for a lithium chloride solution could be interpreted as being due to presence of two different ... salt solutions. For example, a solvation number of 3 for a lithium chloride solution could ... vibrations of some aqua ions in solution ref Burgess, p. 85. ref metal ion wavenumber cm sup 1 sup beryllium ... more details
Refimprove date December 2008 Infobox Anatomy Name Aqueous humour Latin humor aquosus GraySubject GrayPage Image Schematic diagram of the human eye en.svg Caption Schematic diagram of the human eye. Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber The aqueous humour is a clear, gelatinous fluid similar to plasma, but containing low protein concentrations. It is secreted from the ciliary epithelium, a structure supporting the lens. ref Human Physiology. An Integrate approach. 5th edtion. Dee Unglaub Silverthorn ref It is located in the anterior chamber anterior and posterior chamber of eyeball posterior chambers of the eye , the space between the Lens anatomy lens and the cornea ... Aqueous humour is secreted into the posterior chamber by the ciliary body , specifically the non ... s canal by one of two ways directly, via aqueous vein to the episclera l vein, or indirectly, via collector ... travelling between the lens and iris into the anterior chamber of the eye as aqueous humour. Diamond ... part to the distal part, releasing the liquid into the posterior chamber. Drainage Aqueous ... by an equal rate of aqueous humour drainage. Small variations in the production or outflow of aqueous humour will have a large influence on the intraocular pressure. The drainage route for aqueous ... . From there, the aqueous humour exits the eye through the trabecular meshwork into Schlemm s canal ... 30 collector canals into the episcleral veins. The greatest resistance to aqueous flow is provided by the trabecular meshwork, and this is where most of the aqueous outflow occurs. The internal wall ... pressure, the aqueous flows through here, but to a lesser extent than through the trabecular ... within the eye either through increased production or decreased outflow of aqueous humour. ref ... Medications Bot generated title ref Increased resistance to outflow of aqueous humour may occur due ... hr O na vodica it Umor acqueo kk nl Kamervocht ja no Aqueous humour pl Ciecz wodnista pt ... more details
Aqueous Cream BP is a light, paraffin based emulsion which is officially registered in the British Pharmacopoeia and categorised by the British National Formulary as a non proprietary emollient preparation . ref citation url http www.bnf.org bnf search.htm?n 6&q 22aqueous cream 2C BP 22 title BNF index ref It is used as a topical, external medicine, emollient moisturiser and general purpose substitute for toiletries such as soap, shower gel, shaving cream and lip salve. Ingredients The common ingredients are liquid paraffin white soft paraffin purified water emulsifying wax containing sodium lauryl sulphate cetostearyl alcohol chlorocresol Indications It is commonly prescribed in the United Kingdom for conditions such as eczema , aquagenic pruritus or atopic dermatitis ref citation url http www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk articles article.aspx?articleId 612 title Emollients publisher NHS Direct ref . Whilst undergoing radiotherapy , patients are advised to use aqueous cream as part of a skin care regime to remedy the erythema which is caused by such treatment. Contraindications British researchers found evidence that using the cream to moisturise areas affected by eczema may actually aggravate the condition. ref http www.bbc.co.uk news health 11564662 BBC News Aqueous cream aggravates eczema Oct 2010 ref This is thought to be due to skin thinning effects of sodium laurylsulphate . The National Eczema Society recommends alternatives such as white soft paraffin or other types of emollient without such a high sodium laurel sulphate content. Some sources indicate that it is not always suitable for use as an emollient, because the preservatives such as phenoxyethanol used to prolong the cream s shelf life may cause an adverse reaction. ref citation url http www.eczema.org aqueous.htm publisher National Eczema Society ref Some creams use an alternative preservative chlorocresol which is said to cause less reaction. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Aqueous Cream Category Skin care ... more details
About chemical solutions Image SaltInWaterSolutionLiquid.jpg thumb Making a saline water solution by dissolving .... In chemistry , a solution is a Homogeneous chemistry homogeneous mixture composed of only one Phase ... can be gases, liquids, or solids. One or more components present in the solution other than the solvent are called solutes. The solution has the same State of matter physical state as the solvent ... of a gaseous solution is air oxygen and other gases dissolved in nitrogen . Since interactions ... in water. Carbon dioxide in water is a less simple example, because the solution is accompanied by a chemical ... out of solution the dissolved gas itself is not visible since it is dissolved on a molecular level ... Steel , basically a solution of carbon atoms in a crystalline matrix of iron atoms. Alloy s like ... . Two substances that can never mix to form a solution are called immiscible . All solutions have a positive ..., and no more solute particles can be dissolved the solution is said to be Saturation chemistry saturated . However, the point at which a solution can become saturated can change significantly with different ... solvent combinations a supersaturated solution can be prepared by raising the solubility for example .... Such behavior is a result of an exothermic enthalpy of solution . Some surfactant s exhibit ... . The properties of ideal solution s can be calculated by the linear combination of the properties ... water solution , the concepts of solute and solvent become less relevant, but the substance that is more ... when the charged solute ions become surrounded by water molecules. A standard example is aqueous ..., all alcoholic beverages are aqueous solutions of ethanol . On the other hand, non polar ... water but rather floats on the surface. Solution preparation from constituent ingredients It is common practice in laboratories to make a solution directly from its constituent ingredients ... of solute mass is given. Case 3 amount of final solution volume is given. br In the following equations ... more details
The Solution may refer to The Solution Mannafest album The Solution Mannafest album , 2001 The Solution Beanie Sigel album The Solution Beanie Sigel album , 2007 The Solution band , a soul band featuring Scott Morgan and Nicke Royale The Solution song The Solution song , a song by Yes The Solution Animorphs The Solution Animorphs , the twenty second book in the Animorphs series The Solution Alias episode disambiguation ... more details
Aqueous homogeneous reactors AHR are a type of nuclear reactor in which soluble nuclear fuel nuclear salts usually uranium sulfate or uranium nitrate are dissolved in water. The fuel is mixed with the coolant and the neutron moderator moderator , thus the name homogeneous of the same physical state The water can be either heavy water or light water , both which need to be very pure. A heavy water aqueous homogeneous reactor can achieve criticality turn on with natural uranium dissolved as uranium ... 1,000,000 watts with no problems observed. Aqueous homogeneous reactors were sometimes called ... in the higher power versions the fuel solution appeared to boil as hydrogen and oxygen bubbles were .... Named HYPO for high power , this version used solution of uranyl nitrate as fuel where as the earlier ... set of experiments the solution was in convert 25 and 30 in mm adj mid diameter tanks without a surrounding reflector. Solution heights were adjusted to criticality with D sub 2 sub O solutions ... tank. In the other set of experiments solution spheres were centered in a convert 35 in mm adj ... was attained in six solution spheres from 13.5 to 18.5 inch diameter at D sup 235 sup U ... reactor experiment The first aqueous homogeneous reactor built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory ... , on the base of the ARGUS reactor an aqueous homogeneous minireactor. This reactor, with 20 ... isotopes directly from in line fuel has sparked renewed interest in aqueous homogeneous reactors ... of LEU in Aqueous Reactors to Produce Mo 99 ref Babcock and Wilcox has proposed an aqueous homogeneous ... Content PrintFriendly.aspx?CC 193940 Making Molybdenum ref Other research The use of an aqueous homogeneous ... last Parkins first W.E. coauthors et. al. title Aqueous homogeneous type research reactors publisher ... eng inf tex t4.html Solution Reactor for Laboratory Nuclear Physics Analyses and Inspection ... doe lanl pubs 00416628.pdf SUPO Aqueous Homogeneous Reactor References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Aqueous ... more details
Merge from Two phase liquid extraction date October 2010 Unreferenced date March 2011 Aqueous biphasic systems ABS or aqueous two phase systems ATPS are clean alternatives for traditional organic compound organic water solvent Liquid liquid extraction extraction systems. ABS are formed when 2 polymer s, one polymer and one kosmotropic salt , or two salts one Chaotropic agent chaotropic salt and the other a kosmotropic salt are mixed together at appropriate concentrations or at a particular temperature. The two phases are mostly composed of water and non volatile components, thus eliminating volatile organic compounds. They have been used for many years in biotechnology biotechnological applications as Denaturation biochemistry non denaturing and benign separation media. Recently, they have been used for metal ion separations, environmental remediation, metallurgical applications and as a reaction media. Introduction In 1896, Beijerinck first noted an incompatibility in solutions of agar , a water soluble polymer, with soluble starch or gelatine . Upon mixing, they separated into two immiscible phase matter phases . Subsequent investigation has led to the determination of many other aqueous biphasic systems, of which the polyethylene glycol PEG dextran system is the most extensively studied. Other systems that form aqueous biphases are PEG sodium carbonate or PEG and phosphates , citrates or sulfates . Aqueous biphasic systems are used during downstream processing mainly in biotechnological and chemical industries. The two phases It is a common observation that when oil and water are poured into the same container, they separate into two phases or layers, because they are immiscible . In general, aqueous or water based solutions, being polar, are immiscible with non polar ... solution. Although PEG is inherently denser than water, it occupies the upper layer. This is believed ... University on ABS DEFAULTSORT Aqueous Two Phase System Category Unit operations Category Separation ... more details
context date September 2008 Infobox chemical analysis name Aqueous normal phase chromatography image caption acronym classification chromatography analytes manufacturers related Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography Ion exchange chromatography hyphenated Aqueous normal phase chromatography ANP is a chromatography chromatographic technique which involves the mobile phase region between reversed phase chromatography RP and organic normal phase chromatography ONP . Principle In normal phase chromatography, the Stationary phase chemistry stationary phase is Chemical polarity polar and the mobile phase is chemical polarity nonpolar . In reversed phase we have just the opposite the stationary phase is nonpolar and the mobile phase is polar. Typical stationary phases for normal phase chromatography are silica or organic moieties with Cyanide cyano and amine amino functional groups. For reversed phase, alkyl hydrocarbons are the preferred stationary phase octadecyl C18 is the most common stationary phase, but octyl C8 and butyl C4 are also used in some applications. The designations for the reversed phase materials refer to the length of the hydrocarbon chain. In normal phase chromatography, the least polar compounds elute first and the most polar compounds elute last. The mobile phase consists of a nonpolar solvent such as hexane or heptane mixed with a slightly more polar solvent such as isopropanol , ethyl acetate or chloroform . Retention increases as the amount of nonpolar solvent in the mobile phase increases. In reversed phase chromatography, the most polar compounds ... with a small amount of water thus, the mobile phase is both aqueous water is present and normal ... 100 aqueous to pure organic. ANP retention has been demonstrated for a variety of polar compounds on the hydride ... compounds can be retained over some range of mobile phase composition organic aqueous . The retention ... a high pH mobile phase to analyze polar compounds such as bases. The aqueous component of the mobile ... more details
Bouin solution is a compound Fixation histology fixative used in histology . ref cite book title Histotechnology A Self Instructional Text edition 3 last1 Carson first1 Freida L. last2 Hladik first2 Christa year 2009 publisher American Society for Clinical Pathology Press location Hong Kong isbn 9780891895817 page 19 url accessdate ref It is composed of picric acid , acetic acid and formaldehyde in an aqueoussolution. It is especially good for Human gastrointestinal tract gastrointestinal tract biopsies because this fixative allows crisper and better Cell nucleus nuclear staining than 10 neutral buffered formalin. It is not a good fixative when tissue ultrastructure must be preserved for Electron microscope electron microscopy . However, it is a good fixative when tissue structure with a soft ... solution for better staining results in the trichrome stain s. The acetic acid in this fixative Lysis ... chemicals in Bouin solution balance each other. Formalin causes cytoplasm to become basophilic ... effect of picric acid. When using Bouin solution, several potential problems can arise. Due to the formalin in the solution, formalin pigment may be present when viewing tissue sections under the microscope. Wet tissue should be fixed in Bouin solution for less than 24 hours. Excess picric acid ... over time. Wet tissue fixed in Bouin solution should be stored in an alcohol and water solution rather than Bouin solution. Since Bouin solution contains formaldehyde, picric acid and acetic .... Variations Gendre Solution Gendre solution is an alcoholic version of Bouin solution. An alcoholic solution saturated with picric acid is used instead of an aqueoussolution saturated with picric acid when making this solution. This solution is useful when glycogen and other carbohydrate s must be preserved in tissue. Hollande Solution Hollande solution is a version of Bouin solution that contains ... cells so that there is less lysis of these cell components than occurs in regular Bouin solution. References ... more details
Image Pressure solution sandstone.svg thumb 350px Schematic diagram of pressure solution accommodating compression compaction in a clastic rock . Left box shows the situation before compaction. Blue arrows indicate the flow of particles in solution. Red arrows indicate areas of maximum stress grain contacts . Right box shows the situation after compaction. In light coloured areas new mineral growth has reduced pore pore space . In structural geology and diagenesis , pressure solution or pressure dissolution is a deformation mechanism that involves the Solvation dissolution of minerals at grain to grain contacts into an Aqueoussolutionaqueous Porosity pore fluid in areas of relatively high Stress physics stress and either deposition in regions of relatively low stress within the same rock or their complete removal from the rock within the fluid. It is an example of diffusive mass transfer. ref Cite journal last Rutter first E.H. year 1983 title Pressure solution in nature, theory and experiment. journal Journal of the Geological Society, London volume 140 pages 725 740. url http jgs.lyellcollection.org cgi content abstract 140 5 725 accessdate 24 November 2010 issue 5 ref The detailed kinetics of the process was reviewed by Rutter, ref cite journal first E. H. last Rutter title The kinetics of rock deformation by pressure solution journal Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A. volume 283 pages 203 219 year 1976 accessdate 24 November 2010 jstor 74639 ref and since then such kinetics has been used in many applications ref Cite journal first X. S. last Yang title Pressure solution in sedimentary ... 2010 ref in earth sciences. Occurrence Evidence for pressure solution has been described from sedimentary ... deformed rocks also show evidence of pressure solution including stylolites at a high angle ... first A. C. coauthors Yang X. S. year 1999 title Pressure solution and viscous compaction in sedimentary ... solution. See also Fold geology Rock microstructure References reflist Category Limestone ... more details
Holtfreter s solution is a specialized aqueoussolution , used mostly in aquaria to prevent infection s for early stage amphibian s. It is typically mixed with tap water that is soft water soft . ref name hardness cite web url http www.axolotl.org requirements.htm hardness title Axolotls Requirements & Water Conditions in Captivity publisher Axolotl.org date accessdate 2011 03 29 ref ref cite web url http www.ambystoma.org AGSC axolotls shortguide solutions.html title Indiana University Axolotl Colony publisher Ambystoma.org date accessdate 2011 03 29 ref Amphibians such as axolotl s find a hard water solution more preferable. ref cite web url http www.caudata.org forum f46 beginner newt salamander axolotl help topics f48 axolotls ambystoma mexicanum f57 axolotl free all 47227 holtfreter s solution.html title Holtfreter s solution Caudata.org Newt and Salamander Forum publisher Caudata.org date accessdate 2011 03 29 ref Composition Molarity of the component salts are as follows Multicol NaCl ......... 0.059 M KCl ........... 0.00067 M CaCl2 ....... 0.00076 M NaHCO3 ... 0.0024 M Multicol break Multicol end See also Steinberg s solution John s solution Notes reflist https www.msu.edu user eisthen lab methods animalcare holtfr.html References Armstrong, J.B., Duhon, S.T., and Malacinski, G.M. 1989 Raising the axolotl in captivity. In J.B. Armstrong and G.M. Malacinski eds. Developmental Biology of the Axolotl. New York Oxford University Press, pp. 220 227. Category Solutions Category Antimicrobials chemistry stub ... more details
sub 4 sub .2H sub 2 sub O and NaOH present in the solution. Image Fehling reaction.jpg Fehling s can ... II complex in Fehling s solution is an oxidizing agent and the active reagent in the test. The compound to be tested is added to the Fehling s solution and the mixture is heated. Aldehydes ... place this is the same positive result as with Benedict s solution . A negative result is the absence ... s Solution Category Chemical tests Category Coordination compounds Category Copper compounds Category ... more details
Piranha solution , also known as piranha etch , is a mixture of sulfuric acid H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub .... A typical mixture is 3 1 concentrated sulfuric acid to 30 hydrogen peroxide solution other protocols ... 1 mixture of ammonium hydroxide NH sub 4 sub OH with hydrogen peroxide. Piranha solution must ... with piranha solution. Piranha solution cleans by dissolving organic contaminants, and a large amount ... publisher University of Pennsylvania ref Piranha solution may be prepared by adding the peroxide ..., University of British Columbia ref . Mixing the solution is exothermic . The resultant heat can bring solution temperatures up to 120 C. One must allow the solution to cool reasonably before applying ... of the extremely acidic solution. Also, explosions may occur if the peroxide solution concentration .... The hot often bubbling solution will clean organic compound s off substrates, and oxidize hydroxylate ... can be removed from the solution. The solution may be mixed before application or directly ... decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, piranha solution should be used freshly prepared. Piranha solution should not be stored. ref name princeton Immersing the substrate such as a wafer into the solution ... Piranha solution is used frequently in the microelectronics industry, e.g. to clean photoresist residue from silicon wafers. In the laboratory, this solution is sometimes used to clean laboratory glassware ..., piranha will not contaminate glassware with heavy metal ions. Piranha solution is particularly useful ... index.html title Piranha Solution url http yarchive.net chem piranha solution.html accessdate 2011 ... methods fail, piranha solution can be used to return the sinter to a pristine white, free flowing ... piranha solution to percolate backward through the sintered glass. Piranha solution is used to make ... pmid 17218468 pmc 1864818 ref Mechanism of action The effectiveness of piranha solution in removing ..., and so piranha solution, very dangerous to handle. The dehydration process exhibits itself as the rapid ... more details
Clerici solution is a solution of equal parts of thallium formate Tl CHO sub 2 sub and thallium malonate Tl C sub 3 sub H sub 3 sub O sub 4 sub in water. It is a freely flowing, odorless liquid which changes from yellowish to colorless upon decreasing the concentration of the thallium salts. At a density of 4.25 g cm sup 3 sup at 20 C, the saturated Clerici solution is one of the heaviest aqueous solutions known. The solution was invented in 1907 by the Italian chemist Enrico Clerici 1862 1938 ref cite journal author E. Clerici journal Atti della Reale Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei Memorie della Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturale title Preparazione di liquidi per la separazione dei minerali volume 16 page 187 year 1907 language Italian ref and introduced to mineralogy and gemology in 1930s as a valuable liquid, which allowed separating minerals by density with a traditional Buoyancy flotation method. Its advantages include transparency and variable and easily controllable ... Munn publisher Butterworth Heinemann year 2006 isbn 0750644508 ref The density of Clerici solution is so high that minerals such as spinel , garnet , diamond and corundum can float in the solution. ref name b1 The density of the saturated solution thallium formate plus thallium malonate in water .... ref It can be reduced by diluting the solution with water down to 1 g cm sup 3 sup . The refractive ... techniques. ref name jahns The color of the Clerici solution changes significantly upon minor dilution. In particular, at room temperature the concentrated solution with the density of 4.25 ... A common procedure for mineral density measurement using the Clerici solution is as follows a grain of mineral is placed in a small tank filled with the concentrated solution so that the grain floats ... Clerici solution for the specific gravity determination of small mineral grains journal American ... R. H. Jahns ref The drawback of the Clerici solution is its high toxicity and corrosiveness. ref name ... more details
Wiktionarypar solutionSolution may refer to In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved in another A solution to a problem will, metaphorically, make it dissolve. For example In mathematics, a solution can specifically mean The result of equation solving assigning values to unknown variables that satisfy an equation the term can further be used in the every day sense of the satisfactory resolution of a mathematical problem The root of a function an x value for which the function produces a result of zero In business , a solution is a product, service, or combination of both which is said to solve a business or consumer s problem, thus presupposing the existence of a problem that needs to be solved the term is often considered an overused and unimaginative buzzword . In military jargon , a solution is a course of action e.g. firing solution, navigational solution In Microsoft Visual Studio parlance, a solution is a set of code files and other resources that are used to build an application A number of bands have taken the name SolutionSolution band , a Dutch progressive rock band Solution A.D. , an American rock band V STOL Solution , an ultralight aircraft disambig cs e en de L sung es Soluci n fr Solution gl Soluci n hom nimos ja ro Solution sv L sning th Solution ... more details
In mathematics and especially physics , an exact solution is a Equation solving solution to a problem that encapsulates the whole mathematics or physics of the problem without using an approximation . See also Exact solutions in general relativity References http mathworld.wolfram.com ExactSolution.html Exact solution Wolfram Mathworld Category Equations Category Physics math stub physics stub ... more details
A Coasian Solution , named after the economist Ronald Coase , is an economics solution resulting from the use of the Coase Theorem to achieve economic efficiency in the presence of externalities without government intervention. DEFAULTSORT Coasian Solution Category Economic theories econ policy stub ... more details
200px Buffer capacity for a 0.1 M solution of an acid with pK sub a sub of 7 Buffer capacity, , is a quantitative measure of the resistance of a buffer solution to pH change on addition of hydroxide .... species formation calculated for a 10 millimolar solution of citric acid. Polyprotic acids are acids ... 1921 title A buffer solution for colorimetric comparaison journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 49 pages 183 ... es Tamp n qu mico fr Solution tampon ko id Larutan penyangga it Soluzione tampone ... Roztw r buforowy pt Solu o tamp o ru simple Buffer solution sr fi Puskuriliuos ... more details
Cleanup date September 2007 A corner solution is a special solution to an Agent economics agent s Maximization economics maximization problem in which the quantity of one of the arguments in the maximized function is 0 number zero . The more usual solution will lie in the non zero interior at the point of tangency between the objective function and the constraint. For example, in consumer theory the objective function is the indifference curve indifference curve map the utility function of the consumer. The budget line is the constraint. In the usual case, constrained utility is maximized on the budget constraint with strictly positive quantities consumed of both goods. For a corner solution, however, utility is maximized at a point on one axis where the budget constraint intersects the highest attainable indifference curve at zero consumption for one good with all income used for the other good. Furthermore, a range of lower prices for the good with initial zero consumption may leave quantity demanded unchanged at zero, rather than increasing it as in the more usual case. Alternatively stated, a corner solution is a solution to a minimization or maximization problem where the non corner solution is infeasible, that is, not in the domain. Instead, the solution is a corner solution on an axis where either x or y is equal to zero. For instance, from the example above in economics, if the maximal utility of two goods is achieved when the quantity of goods x and y are 2,5 , and the utility is subject to the constraint x and y are greater than or equal to 0 one cannot consume a negative quantity of goods as is usually the case, then the actual solution to the problem would be a corner solution where x 0. A corner solution is an instance where the best solution i.e. maximizing profit, or utility, or whatever value is sought is achieved based not on the market efficient maximization of related quantities, but rather based on brute force boundary conditions. Such a solution ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Refimprove date November 2008 Tyrode s solution is a solution that is roughly Tonicity isotonic with interstitial fluid and used in physiological experiments and tissue culture. It resembles Lactated Ringer s solution , but contains magnesium , a sugar usually glucose as an energy source and uses bicarbonate and or HEPES as a Buffer solution buffer instead of Lactic acid lactate . Some variations also include phosphate and sulfate ions. It is typically gassed with 95 Oxygen 5 Carbon Dioxide when used for cell culture applications and physiology experiments. With the addition of extra potassium salt, it can be used to prepare a Cardioplegia cardioplegic solution. Development of Tyrode s solution Tyrode s solution was invented by Maurice Vejux Tyrode ref http www.whonamedit.com synd.cfm 2120.html Tyrode s solution www.whonamedit.com Bot generated title ref , an American pharmacologist. The solution was a modification of Lactated Ringer s solution Ringer Locke s solution . Therapy Tyrode s Solution is often used for irrigation of the peritoneum . Composition class wikitable Substance Amount in g L NaCl 8.00 KCl 0.20 CaCl sub 2 sub 0.20 MgCl sub 2 sub 0.10 NaH sub 2 sub PO sub 4 sub 0.05 NaHCO sub 3 sub 1.00 Glucose 1.00 pH 6,5 ref name R MPP Online in German Literatur Herausgeber Thieme Chemistry Titel R mpp Lexikon Chemie R MPP Online Version 3.7 Verlag Thieme Verlagsgruppe Georg Thieme Verlag KG Ort Stuttgart Jahr 2009 ref See also Lactated Ringer s solution References Reflist Category Intravenous fluids Med stub de Tyrode L sung pl P yn Tyrode a ru ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 A blank solution is a solution containing little to no analyte of interest, usually used to calibrate instruments such as a colorimeter . External links http www.speciation.net Public Objects Glossary ?we objectID 299 Category Analytical chemistry analytical chemistry stub it Bianco analitico ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In chemistry , a stock solution is a large volume of a common reagent , such as hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide , at a standardized concentration . This term is commonly used in analytical chemistry for procedures such as titration s, where it is important that exact concentrations of solutions are used. Stock solutions do not necessarily come in concentrations of simple numbers for example a solution could be 0.10082 Concentration Molarity M HCl. Also, in biochemistry , the term is often used to refer to a concentrated solution, from which one can dilute into a working concentration. DEFAULTSORT Stock Solution Category Analytical chemistry Chem stub de Stamml sung pt Solu o padr o ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Folch solution is a solution containing chloroform and methanol , usually in a 2 1 ratio . One of its uses is in separating Polar molecule polar from nonpolar compound s, for example separating nonpolar lipid s from polar protein s and carbohydrate s in blood serum . DEFAULTSORT Folch Solution Category Reagents for organic chemistry Category Solutions Organic compound stub ... more details
Solution architecture in enterprise architecture is a kind of architecture domain , that aims to address specific problems and requirements, usually through the design of specific information systems or applications. Solution architecture is either Documentation describing the structure and behaviour of a solution to a problem, or A process for describing a solution and the work to deliver it. The documentation is typically divided into broad views, each known as an architecture domain . Solution architecture is related to enterprise architecture . ref TOGAF The Open Group Architecture Framework ref The solution described may be all or part of what an enterprise architect s migration plan delivers. The solution might be unrelated to any such plan. Solution architecture often leads to software architecture work ref Patterns of enterprise application architecture by Martin Fowler. ref and technical architecture work, and often contains elements of those. An instance of a solution architecture will typically be an abstraction of an end to end subsystem , ref End to end subsystem defined within Patterns for e business at http www.ibm.com developerworks patterns library definitions.html ref consisting of application software supported by middleware which together provide An IT implementation of a specific business task or process necessary to support a business function with appropriate non functional requirements e.g. integrity, performance, security, recoverability, etc. A synchronization mechanism between the subsystem consumers providers and the associated business task or process e.g. an end to end eCommerce subsystem which allows customers to place orders for goods and services or an end to end Supply Replenishment subsystem which enables an enterprise to order new stock ... Architecture External links http www.solutionarchitecture.org Solution Architecture open community DEFAULTSORT Solution Architecture Category Software architecture ... more details
Solution were a Netherlands Dutch progressive rock band that existed from 1970 to 1983, during which time they released six studio albums and one live album. They incorporated jazz, rock, pop and soul influences, becoming more commercial on their fifth and sixth albums. History Their first Solution album eponymous LP comprised mainly instrumental pieces, complex yet repetitive in structure, with bassist Peter van der Sande singing on one track. He was succeeded by Guus Willemse around the time of its release, and immediately the band began recording more vocal songs three of the tracks on second album Divergence album Divergence featured lyrics. The third album Cordon Bleu album Cordon Bleu 1975 was released on Elton John s label Rocket Records , as was its follow up Fully Interlocking 1977 ... Just Begun... 1980 and Runaway Solution album Runaway 1982 continued this trend. The two title tracks from these albums became hit singles in Europe. Solution split in 1983, playing a final ... compilation The Ultimate Collection Solution album The Ultimate Collection , comprising almost every track they released was issued in 2005. Also, a 1976 pairing of Solution and Divergence simply titled Solution was reissued by EMI in February 2007, featuring Fever left off the original CD edition ... on Cordon Bleu Neppy Noya, percussion on It s only just begun Albums Solution album Solution 1971 ... Just Begun... 1980 Runaway Solution album Runaway 1982 Solution Live 1983 Reunionconcert Solution DVD, 2006 Reissues Solution 1976 actually a double repackage of the first two albums The Best of Solution Live 1991 The Ultimate Collection Solution album The Ultimate Collection 2005 Singles Divergence ..., 1980 Runaway CBS, 1982 Downhearted CBS, 1982 Bad Breaks SKY, 1983 from Solution Live External links http www.solutionmusic.nl Official site run by Guus Willemse DEFAULTSORT Solution Band Category Dutch rock music groups Category Rocket Records artists nl Solution ... more details
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