for the comic book company Approbation Comics distinguish Approbativeness wiktionary approbationApprobation is, in Roman Catholic canon law , an act by which a bishop or other legitimate superior grants to an ecclesiastic the actual exercise of his ministry. The necessity of approbation, especially for administering the Sacrament of Penance , was expressly decreed by the Council of Trent , so that, except in the case of imminent death, the absolution by a priest not approved would be invalid. This approbation for the Sacrament of Penance is the judicial declaration of the legitimate superior that a certain priest is fit to hear, and has the faculties to hear, the confession of his subjects. By bishop is meant also his vicar general, or the vicar capitular or administrator during the vacancy of a see, also any regular prelate having ordinary jurisdiction over a certain territory. This approbation may be given orally or in writing, and may be given indirectly, as when, for instance, priests receive power to choose in their own diocese an approved priest of another diocese for their confessor. The bishop may wrongfully but validly refuse his approbation, without which no priest may hear confessions. A confessor s jurisdiction may be restricted to various classes of persons, e. g. to children, or to men, without the right to hear women. A special approbation is required to hear nuns or women of religious communities, and this extends with modifications to all communities of recognized sisterhoods. External links http www.newadvent.org cathen 01656b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia Approbation Category Canon law Catholic Church RC Canon law stub Catholic az Aprobasiya de Approbation hr Aprobacija kk no Approbasjon ru sh Aprobacija uk ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced May 2008 notability May 2008 Infobox company company name Approbation Comics company logo company type List of comic book publishing companies Comic publisher company slogan foundation 1992 in comics 1992 founder Bart Thompson key people Bart Thompson , Mike Lilly location Louisville, Kentucky industry Comics homepage http www.ApprobationComics.com ApprobationComics.com Approbation Comics is an American Independent publisher independent comic book company based in Louisville, Kentucky . They publish comics from a variety of non superhero genres. History Created by writer artist Bart Thompson Bart A. Thompson also credited as B. Alex Thompson , and or Alex Thompson in 1992, Approbation was named from the Latin root meaning approval which Thompson found by searching a thesaurus. Citation needed date November 2009 Titles Amour 1 6 Chaos Campus Sorority Girls vs. Zombies Preview 0 3 ChiSai Preview 0 3 The Evil Inside 1 6 The Lazarus Factor Perceptions 1 3 Myriad Approbation Comics Myriad 1 6 Vampires Unlimited Shades of Things to Come 1 6 External links official http www.approbationcomics.com http milehighcomics.com comicindex Publisher Approbation Comics APPR.html Mile High Comics Company Profile http www.comicbookdb.com publisher.php?ID 200 Comic Book Data Base Company Profile http geeksofdoom.com 2007 10 04 eleven questions with te pouncey bart a thompson 11 Questions Giving more company insight Category Comic book publishing companies of the United States Category Publishing companies established in 1992 comics stub ... more details
otheruses Myriad disambiguation Myriad , in comics , may refer to Myriad DC Comics , a DC Comics character who has appeared in the titles Superman and Hitman Myriad Image Comics , an Image Comics superhero who appears primarily in the comic book series Dynamo 5 Myriad Approbation Comics Myriad Approbation Comics , a comic book series published by Approbation Comics SIA comics ... more details
distinguish Approbation orphan date March 2010 unreferenced date October 2009 Approbativeness is a faculty from the discipline of Phrenology . Definition Approbativeness is closely related to Self esteem , but is clearly different where Self esteem stands for pride, Approbativeness stands for vanity. It relates to the way a subject will hanker for success and approbation from others. Thus vanity, quest for approval and acclamations. Strongly developed, especially with a strong Self esteem, Approbativeness stands for an inordinate desire for honour and approval, for applause and adulation, where the subject will always strive to be in the centre of attention, with too great a sensitivity to blame or praise. Localisation At both sides of Self esteem . Category History of neuroscience Category Phrenology ... more details
Multiple issues orphan October 2011 notability May 2008 unreferenced May 2008 Vampires Unlimited is a comic book created by Bart Thompson and published by Approbation Comics . In 2002 Thompson made his comics debut with Vampires Unlimited Shades of Things to Come, a full color indie comic book series published by Approbation Comics . The series follows the exploits of humans genetically altered with the vampire virus as they try to deal with their new lives by running a New York underground goth nightclub. Characters include Osiris, Red Rum, Guardian, D Bone, but stars Pandora Doll who stands out due to her asymmetrical punk blonde and blue haircut. The Vampires Unlimited storyline is split into miniseries and others include Wolves, The Lazarus Factor, and Sourcebook. Category American comics titles Category Vampires in comics comics stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Justitia civilis or things external is defined by Christian theologians as the class of acts in which fallen man retains his ability to perform both Goodness and evil good and evil moral acts. This means that he can be kind and just, and fulfill his social duties in a manner to secure the approbation of his fellow men. It is not meant that the state of mind in which these acts are performed, or the motives by which they are determined, are such as to meet the approbation of an infinitely God but simply that these acts, as to the matter of them, are prescribed by the moral law. References Hodge, Charles. Systematic Theology Volume II . GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. WM. B. EERDMANS PUBLISHING CO., 1940. Category Christian theology Category Christian ethics reli stub ... more details
Multiple issues orphan September 2011 notability May 2008 unreferenced May 2008 ChiSai is a comic book created by Bart Thompson , and chronicles the adventures of Shy Stevens. Debuting in May 2005 within the pages of Approbation Comics s Myriad Approbation Comics Myriad anthology, the first ChiSai story subtitled Karma introduced the concept. In the story, Thompson chronicles the life of young Shy Stevens, an 18 year girl whose life was torn apart in every way imaginable, yet she dedicates herself to crawling from the wreckage and settling the score. But once she s rebuilt her life and goes about getting revenge on her tormentors, she faces risking her new life and family to settle her old scores. The word chisai is Japanese for small which is a reference to Shy s height. With further wordplay, Thompson explains that in hip hop slang Chicago is referred to as Chi Town and which is added to Sai weapon sai , the character s main weapon, to form the character s name Chi Sai . This is pronounced Shy Sai . External links http www.approbationcomics.com Myriad ChiSai ChiSai main.html ChiSai Homepage on ApprobationComics.com Category American comics titles Comics stub ... more details
Sigismund Ernst Hohenwart 1745 1825 was the third bishop of Linz from 1809 to 1825 . He had been a cathedral canon of Gurk and Vicar General of Klagenfurt. He was appointed by the emperor on 10 January, 1809, but the appointment did not receive papal approbation until December, 1814, on account of the imprisonment of the pope. The bishop took energetic measures against the visionary followers of P schl and Boos, who were then numerous in Upper Austria. References catholic Encyclopedia Category Austrian bishops Category People from Celje Category 1745 births Category 1825 deaths de Sigismund Ernst Hohenwart ... more details
Saint Thomas Christians Mar Abraham was the last in the long line of Mesopotamin Bishops who governed the Church of Saint Thomas Chrisitans. In spite of the express approbation of the Pope , he was not welcomed by the Portuguese ecclesiastical authorities. ref Thekkedath, History of Christianity in India, P 48 49 ref Syriac Orthodox Church Mar Abraham is a saint of the Syriac Orthodox Church . His feast day is November 15. References reflist Holweck, F. G. A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints . St. Louis, MO B. Herder Book Co. 1924. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Category Year of birth missing Category Year of death missing Category Syrian saints saint stub ... more details
Abraham Cohen Pimentel died March 21, 1697 was an rabbi of Amsterdam . He was a student of Saul Levi Morteira , and he also served as hakham of the synagogue in Hamburg ref http www.bibliopolis.com main books krownspellman 17060.html bibliopolis.com ref and was initially a signator to a letter of approbation for Sabbatai Zevi . ref http cf.uba.uva.nl nl publicaties treasures text t18.html The Sabbatean Movement in Amsterdam ref He was the author of the Minchat Kohen , published in 1668. References references Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Pimentel, Abraham Cohen ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH March 21, 1697 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Pimentel, Abraham Cohen Category Early Acharonim Category 17th century rabbis Category 1697 deaths Netherlands bio stub Rabbi stub ... more details
According to Geoffrey Leech , there is a politeness principle with gricean maxims conversational maxims similar to those formulated by Paul Grice . He lists six maxims tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy. The first and second form a pair, as do the third and the fourth. These maxims vary from culture to culture what may be considered polite in one culture may be strange or downright rude in another. The Tact maxim The tact maxim states Minimize the expression of beliefs which imply cost to other maximize the expression of beliefs which imply benefit to other. The first part of this maxim fits in with Brown and Stephen C. Levinson Levinson s negative politeness strategy of minimising the imposition, and the second part reflects the positive politeness strategy of attending to the hearer s interests, wants, and needs Could I interrupt you for a second? If I could just clarify this then. The Generosity maxim Leech s Generosity maxim states Minimize the expression of beliefs that express or imply benefit to self maximize the expression of beliefs that express or imply cost to self. Unlike the tact maxim, the maxim of generosity focuses on the speaker, and says that others should be put first instead of the self. You relax and let me do the dishes. You must come and have dinner with us. The Approbation maxim The Approbation maxim states Minimize the expression of beliefs which express dispraise of other maximize the expression of beliefs which express approval of other. It is preferred to praise others and if this is impossible, to sidestep the issue, to give some sort of minimal response possibly through the use of euphemism s , or to remain silent. The first part of the maxim avoids disagreement the second part intends to make other people feel good by showing solidarity. I heard you singing at the karaoke last night. It sounded like you were enjoying yourself Gideon, I know you re a genius would you know how to solve this math problem here? ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Chayei Adam The Life of Man is a work of Halakha Jewish law by Rabbi Avraham Danzig 1748 1820 , dealing with the laws discussed in the Orach Chayim section of the Shulchan Aruch . It is divided into 224 sections 69 dealing with daily conduct and prayer, and 155 with Shabbat Shabbos Sabbath and Jewish Holidays Yom Tov holidays . Chayei Adam was intended primarily for the cultured layman , as opposed to rabbinic scholars, and the work is thus presented in a readily accessible form. In many cities, societies were formed for the purpose of studying Chayei Adam. In this work, Rabbi Danzig collected and critically sifted the Acharonim Acharonic material in the field of the Halakha written in the more than two and a half centuries since the appearance of the Shulchan Aruch . A parallel work Nishmas Adam , published together with Chayei Adam, discusses the halachic issues in greater depth. The two are usually printed together. The scholarship of the work is evidenced by the fact that Rabbi Chaim Volozhin , known for his opposition to digests of halacha , granted the work his approbation on condition that each section be cross referenced to the Shulkhan Arukh to allow for further study . The rulings of the Chayei Adam are often cited in later works, especially the Mishnah Berurah . Category Rabbinic legal texts and responsa Judaism stub Reli book stub he ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Knights of the Redeemer were a Roman Catholic secular community, founded in 1608 by the Duke of Menton e, Vincent Gonzaga , on the occasion of the marriage of his eldest son Francis II Gonzaga with Marguerite of Savoy . It was founded in honour of the Precious Blood of Jesus Christ , a relic of which has been venerated since time immemorial in the cathedral of Mentone. The emblems of the order consisted of a red silk robe and a golden necklace with a medal on which were figured three drops of blood in a monstrance . The duke was invested with these insignia by his son, Cardinal Ferdinand Gonzaga , and with the approbation of Pope Paul V proclaimed Grandmaster order grand master of the order, a dignity inherited by his successors in the duchy. The duke in turn distributed the same insignia to fourteen knights chosen from the highest nobility of Mentone and the neighbouring states. The statutes of the order obliged the members to devote themselves to the defence of the Catholic religion, the Holy See and their sovereign. This order lasted only a century. It disappeared when the last of its dukes, Ferdinand Charles, having died childless, the Emperor Joseph I in 1708 merged the duchy into his hereditary estates. Source Catholic wstitle Knights of the Redeemer http www.newadvent.org cathen 12677c.htm Category Catholic lay societies ... more details
The Holy Family Institute is the first secular institute aggregated to the Society of St. Paul begun exclusively for married and widowed Catholic s. Members take private vows in a public, Church regulated ceremony of poverty, chastity and obedience and make a promise of fidelity to the Pope and the Magisterium of the Roman Catholic Church. These vows are adapted according to the conditions of the married state and the normal requirements of family life. The Institute was begun in 1960 and received full approbation from the Holy See in 1993. The Holy Family Institute is a part of the Pauline Family one of 10 Religious Orders, begun by Blessed James Alberione early in this century. The Pauline Family is dedicated to evangelization through the media, and it carries on a worldwide prayer crusade for good media and in reparation for the misuse of media. The Holy Family Institute makes families aware of the media and encourages them to take some practical steps to put their awareness to good use encouraging them to moderate their use of media inviting them to point out to their children that there are problems reminding them that their thoughts, words, actions, prayers and sufferings are linked, by their membership, to the work of the Pauline Family. External links http www.vocations holyfamily.com index.html Holy Family Institute website http www.holyfamilyinstitute.net Holy Family Institute website http www.hficoncord.com Holy Family Institute website Category Pauline Family ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Religious Communities of the Name of Jesus Roman Catholic orders and communities Knights of the Name of Jesus , also known as Seraphim , founded in 1334 by the Queens of Norway and Sweden to defend their respective countries from the onslaught of heathen hordes. They did not survive the Protestant Reformation Reformation . Sisters of the Name of Jesus comprise six congregations founded in France during the nineteenth century in the Dioceses of Besan on, with mother house at Grande Fontaine, Paris of Valence 1815 or 1825 , mother house at Lorial of Rodez, mother house at Ste Radegonde of Toulouse 1827 and of Marseilles 1852 . These sisters devote themselves chiefly to the work of teaching and caring for the sick. Society of the Holy Name Confraternity of the Name of Jesus , formed by the amalgamation of the Portugal Portuguese Confraternity of the Most Holy Name of Jesus, founded by Andreas D az, O.P., in 1432 , with the Spain Spanish Confraternity of the Most Holy Name of God, established in the sixteenth century. Approbation was granted by Pope Paul V 1606 and Pope Innocent XI 1678 , and the confraternity was enriched with indulgences and placed under the Dominican Order Dominican general. References Reflist catholic catholic stub Category Roman Catholic orders and societies ... more details
Aeschrion ancient Greek Gr. polytonic of Pergamon was a Medicine in ancient Greece physician in the 2nd century AD. ref Citation last Greenhill first William Alexander author link contribution Aeschrion 4 editor last Smith editor first William title Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology volume 1 pages 40 publisher place year 1867 contribution url http www.ancientlibrary.com smith bio 0049.html ref He was one of Galen s tutors, who says that he belonged to the sect of the Empiric school Empirici , and that he had a great knowledge of pharmacy and materia medica . Aeschrion was the inventor of a celebrated superstitious remedy for the bite of a mad dog, which is mentioned with approbation by Galen and Oribasius , ref Synops. iii. p. 55 ref and of which the most important ingredient was powdered crawfish . These he directs to be caught at a time when the sun and moon were in a particular relative position, and to be baked alive. ref Galen , De Simpl. Medic. Facult. xi. 34, vol. xii. p. 356 ref ref C. G. K hn, Additam. ad Elencli. Med. Vet. a J. A. Fabric , in Bill. Gr. exhibit ref References reflist SmithDGRBM Ancient Greece bio stub Physician stub Category People from Pergamon Category 2nd century Greek people Category Ancient Greek physicians ca Escri de P rgam ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 For others with this name Agapetus disambiguation Agapetus Agapetus ancient Greek Gr. polytonic was an Ancient Greek medicine ancient Greek physician , whose remedy for the gout is mentioned with approbation by Alexander of Tralles ref Alexander of Tralles, xi. p. 303 ref and Paul of Aegina . ref Paul of Aegina, iii. 78, p. 497, vii. 11, p. 661 ref He probably lived between the third and sixth centuries AD, or certainly not later, as Alexander of Tralles, by whom he is quoted, is supposed to have flourished about the beginning of the sixth century. ref Citation last Greenhill first William Alexander author link contribution Agapetus editor last Smith editor first William title Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology volume 1 pages 60 publisher place Boston year 1867 contribution url http www.ancientlibrary.com smith bio 0069.html ref References reflist SmithDGRBM DEFAULTSORT Agapetus Category Ancient Greek physicians ca Ag petos ... more details
Asclepiades Pharmacion or Asclepiades Junior 1st 2nd century , a Ancient Greek medicine Greek physician who must have lived at the end of the 1st or the beginning of the 2nd century, as he quotes Andromachus physician Andromachus , Pedanius Dioscorides Dioscorides , and Scribonius Largus , ref Galen, De Compos. Medicam. sec. Locos , vii. 2, x. 2, vol. xiii. pp. 51, 53, 342 De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. vii. 6, vol. xiii. p. 968 ref and is himself quoted by Galen . He derived his surname of Pharmacion from his skill and knowledge of pharmacy , on which subject he wrote a work in ten books, five on external remedies, and five on internal. ref Galen, De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. vol. xiii. p. 442 ref Galen quotes this work very frequently, and generally with approbation. Notes reflist SmithDGRBM Category 2nd century Greek people Category Ancient Greek physicians ca Asclep ades Farmaci ... more details
Concubhair Mac Bruideadha , Irish people Irish poet and man of letters , fl. 1636. A son of Maoilin g Mac Bruideadha died 1602 both of their names occur frequently in the Inchiquin manuscripts, and were closely connected to the Earls of Thomond and their family. Concubhair s reputation as a man of letters was acknowledged in 1636, when his approbation and signature were sought by Brother M che l Cl irigh for the Annals of the Four Masters . His signature reads Mac Bruaideadha .i. Concobhar, mac Maoilin icc, Chill Caoidhe 7 Leitir Mhaol in. See also Se n Bu Mac Bruideadha , Irish poet, fl. 14th century. Diarmuid Mac Bruideadha , died 1563. Maoilin Mac Bruideadha , brother of the above, died 1582. Maoilin g Mac Bruideadha , son of the above, died 1602. Tadhg mac D ire Mac Bruaideadha , c.1570 1652. External links http www.clarelibrary.ie eolas coclare literature bardic clares bardic tradition.htm DEFAULTSORT Mac Bruaideadh, Concubhair Category Irish poets Category Medieval Gaels Category Irish Gaelic poets Category People from County Clare Category Irish historians Category Medieval literature Category 16th century Irish people Category 17th century Irish people Category Medieval Irish writers Category Medieval Irish poets ... more details
merge Willem van Aelst date January 2012 William van Aalast 1620 1679 , born at Delft , was a painter of the Dutch School painting Dutch school , and nephew to Evd. van Aalast , but more celebrated, and better known in Italy by the name of Gulielmo. He practised some years in France and Italy with great success, and after visiting his native city, settled at Amsterdam , where he received considerable encouragement, and his works sold for a very high price. During his stay at Florence , he was employed by the Grand Duke, who publicly presented him with a gold chain and medal, as a testimony of his approbation and an acknowledgement of his talents. Source cite book last Gould first John title Biographical Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Engravers, and Architects, from the earliest ages to the present time year 1838 url http books.google.es books?id wgQFAAAAYAAJ&printsec frontcover&hl en&source gbs ge summary r&redir esc y Category Dutch painters ... more details
view.jsp?artid 1669&letter A rabbinical approbation , besides being the second Hebrew book printed during the author s lifetime see Jewish Encyclopedia Jew. Encyc. ii. 27, s.v. Approbation ... more details
Peter J. Muldoon October 10, 1862 October 8, 1927 was born in Columbia, California to Irish immigrants John and Catherine Coughlin Muldoon. ref http www.catholic hierarchy.org bishop bmuldoon.html ref He was educated at St. Mary s College in St. Mary, Kentucky and St. Mary s Seminary, Baltimore, Maryland and ordained a Catholic priest for the Archdiocese of Chicago in 1886. Muldoon served as chancellor and secretary from 1888 to 1895 to Archbishop P. A. Feehan and was appointed titular bishop of Tamassus, auxiliary of Chicago, and vicar general in 1901. In 1908 he was appointed bishop of the new Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockford Diocese of Rockford which had just been separated from the Archdiocese of Chicago . Muldoon played a prominent role in the social reform movement and served as Chairman of the National Catholic War Council in this role, he became a nationally known figure. He worked closely with members of other religious groups and government agencies his forcefulness and diplomacy are considered to have contributed to the success of the council. After the war, Muldoon induced Cardinal James Gibbons to propose creation of a peacetime organization comparable to the National Catholic War Council . When the National Catholic Welfare Council was created in 1919, Muldoon was appointed as the episcopal chairman of its Social Action Department. When some American bishops complained to the pope in 1922 about the National Catholic Welfare Council, the original approbation for the council was revoked. Muldoon as well as Bishop Joseph Shrembs of Cleveland were among the most vigorous defenders of the NCWC. After the American hierarchy sent a delegation headed by Shrembs to Rome, the Vatican finally agreed to restore the approbation providing, among other things, that the organization be renamed the National Catholic Welfare Conference. Muldoon died in 1927 after a long illness. Notes reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Muldoon, Peter J. ALTERN ... more details
notability Biographies date September 2011 Image Rav A M Kotler.jpg thumb Rabbi Kotler Rabbi Aryeh Malkiel Kotler is one of the Rosh yeshiva Roshei Yeshiva , or Deans, of Beth Medrash Govoha in Lakewood, New Jersey . He is the son of Rabbi Shneur Kotler who preceded him as rosh yeshiva, the grandson of the yeshiva s founder, Rabbi Aharon Kotler , and the great grandson of Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzer . He shares the leadership of Beth Medrash Govoha together with Rabbis Yerucham Olshin , Dovid Schustal , and Yisroel Neuman who are all married to other grandchildren of Rabbi Aharon Kotler. Kotler was first married to a granddaughter of Rabbi Yitzchok Zev Soloveitchik , and daughter of Rabbi Yechiel Michel Feinstein . After his father died he was called back to head the Yeshiva in Lakewood. His wife, a native Israeli, was not interested in living in America. Kotler wanted to divorce his wife, but she refused to accept the Get divorce document . To allow himself to marry again he obtained a Heter meah rabbanim literally permission from a hundred rabbis that would allow himself to leave his wife in Israel and marry again in the United States. As a result a large controversy developed between the Soloveitchik and Kotler families that has continued for many years. ref http www.shemayisrael.co.il publicat kotler chap6.htm The Mashgiach Bot generated title ref ref http www.haaretz.com hasen pages ShArt.jhtml?itemNo 533290 ref Rabbi Kotler was also involved in another controversy when he first put and later recanted an approbation on the book by one of his former students, Saadya Grama, that argued that Jews constitute a separate genetically superior species. The approbation was withdrawn only after a major anti Kotler campaign had been started by the Jewish newspaper Forward, Anti Defamation League and Yeshiva University. In his reconsideration Kotler asserted that the anti Gentile sentiments contained in the book did not reflect the normative Jewish law. In his earlier endor ... more details
Out of date date July 2011 Sisters of Our Lady of Charity of the Refuge is a Roman Catholic monastic order, founded in 1641 by St. Jean Eudes , at Caen , France . Moved by pity for abandoned women living a life of sin, Father Eudes at first attempted to unite the penitent among them and place them under the care of good and zealous women, but he soon became convinced that the only way of dealing with them was to found a congregation of holy women, who would bind themselves by vow to work for the reformation of these unfortunate ones. Three Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary Visitation nuns came to his aid temporarily, and, in 1644, a house was opened at Caen under the title of Our Lady of Charity . Other ladies joined them, and, in 1651, the Bishop of Bayeux gave the institute his approbation. In 1664 a Bull of approbation was obtained from Pope Alexander VII . That same year a house was opened at Rennes , and the institute began to spread. When the French Revolution broke out there were seven communities of the order in France. From this parent tree of Our Lady of Charity sprang the Good Shepherd Sisters Order of the Good Shepherd . The Sisters of Our Lady of Charity do not limit their work to reclaiming the fallen they also receive girls who are in danger of being lost or who are being brought up immorally. These form what is called the class of preservation. Government reformatories are attached to some of the monasteries. All the houses of this order are independent of each other, and each has its own novitiate, but the mother house is still at Caen . The nun s wear a white habit and a large silver cross on the breast. To the three ordinary religious vows they add a fourth, viz., to devote themselves to the reformation of the fallen. The novitiate lasts two years. These sisters came to England in 1863 and by 1910 had houses at Bartestree , Waterlooville , Monmouth , Southampton , Northfield, Birmingham Northfield near Birmingham , and Mold, Flintshire Mold . I ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
