Applicationorientednetworking AON involves network devices designed to aid in computer to computer application integration. Applicationorientednetworking was popularized by Cisco Systems in response to increasing use of XML messaging combined with related standards such as XSLT , XPath and XQuery to link miscellaneous applications, data sources and other computing assets. Many of the operations required to mediate between applications, or to monitor their transactions, can be built into network devices that are optimized for the purpose. The rules and policies for performing these operations, also expressed in XML, are specified separately and downloaded as required. Cisco has adopted the AON acronym as the name of a family of products that function in this way. See also Enterprise Application Integration http community.citrix.com blogs citrite sridharg 2008 11 14 XML Security Features in Netscaler 9.0 XML Security in Netscaler Category Networking hardware ... more details
unreferenced date November 2006 Applicationoriented networks are sometimes called intelligent networks or content based routing networks and they are generally network technology that can use the content of a network packet or message to take some sort of action. During the rise of the internet many routing decisions were made at layer 4 i.e. based on the TCP IP address and or the port number. Applicationoriented networks work at layer 7 of the OSI stack and because they can examine the content of the message they can make routing decisions based on many different criteria including such things as the value of the purchase order or the ship date. Most Application Orientated Networks manipulate structured data based in a human readable format like XML . External links http looselycoupled.com glossary AON Definition Category Networks ... more details
noref date November 2011 notable date November 2011 Infobox video game title NetworKing collapsible state show image image Image NetworKing.png 128px NetworKing icon caption developer NASA publisher NASA distributor NASA series engine Unity game engine Unity version platforms Mac OS X , Microsoft Windows , web browser with Unity game engine Unity plug in released Video game release 2011 genre satellite simulation modes single player ratings media downloadable requirements NetworKing is an educational simulation computer game by NASA for Mac OS X , Microsoft Windows and web browsers with the Unity plug in released in 2011 . In NetworKing the player assumes the role of a satellite manager responsible for growing the communications network. External links http www.nasa.gov multimedia 3d resources scan.html NetworKing Homepage http www.nasa.gov multimedia 3d resources scan manual.html Manual videogame stub NASA stub Unity engine games Category Mac OS X games Category Windows games Category 2011 video games Category Educational video games Category Simulation video games Category NASA Category Unity engine games cat improve date November 2011 ... more details
wiktionary application applications Application may refer to A verbal or written question request Application for employment , a form or collection of forms that an individual seeking employment must fill out when seeking employment Patent application , a request pending at a patent office for the grant of a patent Application software , computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks Function application in mathematics and computer science Application virtue , a characteristic encapsulated in diligence disambiguation cs Aplikace da Applikation de Applikation es Aplicaci n fr Application ko pl Aplikacja simple Application sk Aplik cia sl Aplikacija ur Application ... more details
Distinguish Network marketing Unreferenced date July 2010 Business networking is a socioeconomic activity .... There are several prominent business networking organizations that create models of networking activity ... technology in support of business networking. Many businesspeople contend business networking .... This is because business networking is a low cost activity that involves more personal commitment ... one to one relationship with the fellow member. Business networking can be conducted in a local business community, or on a larger scale via the Internet . Business networking websites have grown ... sources. Business networking can have a meaning also in the Information and communications technology ... to the large firms they deal with. Online business networking Businesses are increasingly using business ... online. In general these networking tools allow professionals to build up their circle of business partners they trust. By connecting these business partners the networking tools allow individuals to search ... accessible also for small and medium sized companies. Face to face business networking Professionals ... face to face networking over online based networking because the potential for higher quality relationships ... knowing and meeting who they intend to do business with. Face time Face to face business networking is often facilitated by referral networking clubs. General business networking Before online networking, there was and has always been, networking face to face. Schmoozing or rubbing elbows are expressions ... rapport. Networked Businesses With networking developing, many businesses now have this as a core part ... , traditional managed approaches are closed, selective, and controlling. Business networking in the ICT ... sort of IT support . Traditionally, it is provided by software application s, software packages, Enterprise .... A truly ICT business networking approach rethinks and rebuilds the operating support from ... Your Online Business Networking Activities , April 18, 2010 citation title Business networking ... more details
Autonomic Networking follows the concept of Autonomic Computing , an initiative started by IBM in 2001 ..., but also burdens existing networking infrastructure with more and more tasks that sooner or later ... to the ANS. Components of autonomic networking As autonomics conceptually derives from biological entities ... threats. In the case of autonomic networking, the state of the network may be defined by inputs from ... historical records and current state traffic flows end hosts application performance data .... The autognostic system interoperates with Autonomic Networking Configuration management configuration management to control network elements and interfaces Autonomic Networking Policy management policy management to define performance objectives and constraints Autonomic Networking Autodefense autodefense ... with all of the other sub systems including Autonomic Networking Autognostics autognostics receives direction for and validation of changes Autonomic Networking Policy management policy management implements policy models through mapping to underlying resources Autonomic Networking Security security applies access and authorization constraints for particular policy targets Autonomic Networking ... at least indirectly with all other sub systems but primarily interacts with Autonomic Networking ... Autonomic Networking Configuration management configuration management providing constraints on device configuration Autonomic Networking Security security providing definitions of roles, access ... system must proactively assess network and application infrastructure for risks, detect and identify ... or application behaviors that signal possible attack or abuse is followed by the generation of an appropriate ... Networking Security security receives definition of roles and security constraints, and defines risk for proactive mitigation Autonomic Networking Configuration management configuration management ... or detected attack Autonomic Networking Autognostics autognostics receives notification of detected ... more details
the popularity of different geosocial networking services in August 2010 Geosocial Networking is a type ... information or mobile phone tracking can enable location based service s to enrich social networking. History The evolution of geosocial can be traced back to the implication of social application ... GPS navigation into more sophisticated capabilities. Uses Geosocial networking allows users to interact ... or venues . In disaster scenarios, geosocial networking can allow users to coordinate around ... of individual perspectives. This type of geosocial networking is known as collaborative mapping . Furthermore ... Detector application on Twitter . ref name lamposTracking2010 cite conference author Lampos V, Cristianini ... revolve around specific features that are additional to geolocating. Ad hoc networking A mobile ad .... These groups are then able to communicate freely with each other. This sort of social networking ... geo location application types 8 Mobile Geo Location Application Types Bot generated title ref ... app called igroups ref and Hot Potato. Food sourcing A less used form of geosocial networking ... 08 13 making lunch a social networking game ?scp 6&sq social 20networking&st Search work The New York Times first Nick last Bilton title Making Lunch a Social Networking Game date 13 August 2010 ref ... s smart phone application. Social shopping Social shopping service users create personal ... Like Shopping? Social Networking? Try Social Shopping date 11 September 2006 ref Sites have gone ... s new project, Buzz, is an automatic application that requires users to opt out. If they don t, profiles ... of social networking websites Virtual community Geographic information system External links http ... not list geo social networking companies they will be removed as spam DEFAULTSORT Geosocial Networking Category Social networks Category Collaborative mapping Category Geosocial networking es Red geo social nl Geosocial networking no Lokasjonsbaserte sosiale nettverk ru ... more details
Image UDP encapsulation.svg 450px thumb Encapsulation sequence of user data in the TCP IP protocol stack. In computer network ing, encapsulation is a method of designing modular communication protocols in which logically separate functions in the network are abstraction computer science abstracted from their underlying structures by inclusion or information hiding within higher level objects. The physical layer is responsible for physical transmission of the data. Link encapsulation allows local area networking and IP provides global addressing of individual computers UDP adds application or process selection, i.e., the TCP and UDP port port specifies the service such as a web server Web or Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP server. In discussions of encapsulation, the more abstract layer is often called the upper layer protocol while the more specific layer is called the lower layer protocol . Sometimes, however, the terms upper layer protocol s and lower layer protocol s are used to describe the layers above and below IP, respectively. Encapsulation is a characteristic feature of most networking models, including the OSI Model and TCP IP suite of protocols. See also Cross layer optimization Information hiding Tunneling protocol References unreferenced date January 2008 External links http learn networking.com tcp ip how encapsulation works within the tcpip model How Encapsulation In The TCP IP Model Works http www.visualland.net view.php?cid 1028&protocol Encapsulation&title 2. 20Router 20encap&ctype 1 Animation of router encapsulation and decapsulation Category Network protocols de Datenkapselung Netzwerktechnik fa fr Encapsulation r seau lv Iekapsul ana nl Inkapselen netwerk ja pl Enkapsulacja sie ru sv Inkapsling datorkommunikation vi ng g i m ng m y t nh ... more details
Technical date August 2009 In computer networking and telecommunication, a frame is a digital data transmission unit or data packet that includes frame synchronization , i.e. a sequence of bits or symbols making it possible for the receiver to detect the beginning and end of the packet in the stream of symbols or bits. If a receiver is connected to the system in the middle of a frame transmission, it ignores the data until it detects a new frame synchronization sequence. In computer networking , a frame is a data packet on the Data Link Layer Layer 2 of the OSI model . ref cite web url http www.tcpipguide.com free t DataLinkLayerLayer2.htm title Data Link Layer Layer 2 publisher The TCP IP Guide date 2005 09 20 accessdate 2010 01 31 ref A frame is the unit of transmission in a link layer protocol, and consists of a link layer header followed by a packet. ref cite IETF title RFC 1122 Requirements for Internet Hosts &mdash Communication Layers rfc 1122 page 18 year 1989 month October publisher Internet Engineering Task Force IETF accessdate 2010 06 07 ref Examples are Ethernet frame s maximum 1500 byte plus overhead , Point to Point Protocol PPP frames and V.42 modem frames. In telecommunications , specifically time division multiplex TDM and time division multiple access TDMA , a frame is a cyclically repeated data block that consists of a fixed number of time slot s, one for each logical TDM channel or TDMA transmitter. In this consist, a frame is typically an entity at the physical layer. TDM application examples are SONET SDH and the ISDN circuit switched B channel. TDMA examples are the 2G and 3G circuit switched cellular voice services. The frame is also an entity for time division duplex , where the mobile terminal may transmit during some timeslots and receive during others. See also Data Link Layer Multiplexing Multiplex techniques Overhead bit Packet information technology Protocol data unit Jumbo frame References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Frame Telecommunications ... more details
for disadvantaged schools in developing nations and uses mesh networking based on the IEEE ... with its application called SONbuddy. ref citeweb title SONbuddy Network without Network url ... June 2006, mesh networking was used at the Strawberry Fair to run mobile live television, radio and Internet ... mesh networking software based on open source implementations of the Hazy Sighted Link State Routing Protocol and Expected Transmission Count metric. Additionally, the Wireless Networking Group ref citeweb title Wireless Networking Group url http www.crhc.illinois.edu wireless netx.html ref in the University ... allocation and routing. ref citeweb title Wireless Networking Group url http www.crhc.illinois.edu wireless ... concepts from Mesh Networking. An examples is ITU T G.hn , a standard that specifies a high speed up ... networking Distinct radio node deployments of Wireless Mesh Networking BioWeb Wireless ad hoc network ... Village telco Mesh Potato Technical challenges Wizzy Digital Courier Delay tolerant networking References reflist External links Only links to sites that provide actual information about mesh networking ... Chase discusses Zipcar and Mesh networking Robin Chase talks at the Ted conference about the future of mesh networking and eco technology http www.mesh networks.org Mesh Networks Research Group Projects ... Networks Category Wireless networking ca Xarxa en malla de Vermaschtes Netz es Red en malla eu Amaraun ... more details
Infobox company company name HP Networking company type Division of Hewlett Packard key people Meg Whitman President, CEO and Chairman of HP br Marius Haas SVP, GM of HP Networking industry Computer Network s products Networking hardware Network hardware parent Hewlett Packard homepage http www.hp.com networking www.hp.com networking HP Networking is the Computer network networking division of Hewlett Packard , within the HP Enterprise Business segment. HP s networking division was previously known ... and 3Com entities as HP Networking. Organization HP Networking was formed in April 2010 as the combination ... ref ref Cite web url http www.theregister.co.uk 2010 04 19 hp networking title HP Networking Emerges ..., CA, USA. Developer of networking switches and wireless solutions. Global sales. The acquired ... H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Based in HangZhou, China. Developer of networking switches, routers, telephony ..., Texas. Developer of networking security solutions, particularly intrusion prevention systems. Global sales. History HP has been in the networking and switching business for decades. ref http www.channelregister.co.uk ... , then the Workgroup Networks Division WND , before becoming the ProCurve Networking Business PNB ... ProCurve Networking operates as a relatively independent business&cd 1&hl en&ct clnk&gl us&client ... April 12, 2010 accessdate March 24, 2011 ref Product Highlights HP Networking HPN sells networking products for businesses, schools and government entities. Click HP Networking Products here for a comprehensive list of HP Networking products. At Interop Las Vegas in April 2010, HP began publicly using HP Networking as the name for its networking division and outlined how products would be branded under the new entity. ref Cite web url http www.theregister.co.uk 2010 04 19 hp networking title HP Networking Emerges publisher The Register date April 19, 2010 accessdate March 24, 2011 ref A Series ... applications including voice platform VCX. Training HP Networking offers product, solution and sales ... more details
Orphan date September 2008 Taste networking , also called value networking , is a specific mode of social networking that uses personal tastes as a basis for making social connections in an online environment. Whereas the majority of existing social network service s use schools, workplaces, geographic locations or pre existing friends to connect users, sites that use the taste networking model use tastes and values. Assessing users preferences in any number of areas the model s pioneering site, MyTrybe covers the full spectrum of arts and entertainment categories music, film and TV, gaming, the visual arts, and so on, plus a variety of lifestyle topics food, travel, fashion and news , taste networking services connect users based on their similarities. The theory behind this model is that it allows users to make more personally relevant social connections than does the standard social networking model. By using more granular tastes and values, that is, rather than the broad commonalities implied by membership to a school, workplace, or the like, this model is able to make high quality, individually tailored connections. One major advantage of the concept is that it allows for the seamless integration of both online social networking and content delivery. Within a taste networking environment, content has a particular relevance social connections are made based on substantive preferences that can be expressed and tracked easily through content. And, since users are already filtered by their preferences in this model, content can be easily personalized as well. MyTrybe, for example, is a dual service, offering both social networking and social bookmarking platforms. It offers users the chance to network with others based on their shared taste, and to get personalized content recommendations through that network called a Trybe in this case . References Glazowski, Paul. MyTrybe ... at 10 20 AM PST. http mashable.com 2008 02 01 mytrybe Category Social networking services ... more details
Optical networking can refer to Optical communication Fiber optic communication Synchronous optical networking Optical Transport Network OTN Passive optical network disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
networking or speed business meeting is a method of meeting to accelerate business contacts, generally .... Speed networking is often referenced as a derivative of speed dating ref http excellenceinbusiness.org ?s speed networking Speed Networking for Business Success By Terry Frerker, Excellence In Business ... 111 KB ref . Speed networking, a more recent concept, arose from the combination of speed dating and business networking and is thought to have started in the United States and, perhaps, simultaneously ... MacMillan Dictionary ref . Speed networking was first utilized during the US economic downturn ... and speed networking can be similar individuals paired or grouped together for the purpose of introduction ... by increasing their exposure. ref http www.entrepreneur.com marketing networking article180954.html Speed Networking and Beyond By Ivan Misner, Entrepreneur, June 28, 2007. ref Organization Speed networking ... assembly based model where individuals speak to a preselected group. Most speed networking ... . In general, speed networking events all have time limits placed on the interactions and a moderator that will time and announce these intervals. In addition, if the speed networking model calls ... One to one speed networking Round robin In the round robin model of speed networking attendees meet ... an hour long event. Station based In the station based model of speed networking, attendees meet .... A typical station based speed networking event may yield 7 to 10 contacts during an hour long event. Group based In the group based model of speed networking attendees do not meet individually but instead ... coordinate the event but usually last five to 15 minutes. Applications Speed networking has many applications. A variety of organizations use speed networking to structure events alumni associations ... from speed networking include membership drives, networking events, mentoring programs, career fairs, team building exercises and vendor pairings. Speed networking is particularly useful when many ... more details
constructed by the Joint Tactical Radio System JTRS networking services. 2 JTRS is a software defined ... and Wideband Networking Software to create mobile ad hoc network s. 3 It also provides system .... Proxy systems are implemented between the user application and the network and can be used to improve performance at the application and transport functional layers of the OSI model. Some techniques ... extreme engineering challenges. While it offers flexibility in application and saves money in production it is incredibly difficult to adapt to various application. Getting COTS to install in applications ... handover information between aircraft entering and exiting mission orbits. References Airborne Networking ... paalee referencing publications ref nr airborne report04.doc AN Architecture Airborne Networking Kenneth ... Networking Airborne Networking Challenges Ben Ames, Military and Aerospace Electronics Magazine http mae.pennnet.com articles article display.cfm?article id 217724 Airborne Networking Challenges Category Computer networking ... more details
Active networking is a communication pattern that allows packets flowing through a telecommunications network to dynamically modify the operation of the network. How it works Active network architecture is composed of execution environments similar to a unix shell that can execute active packets , a Node networking node operating system capable of supporting one or more execution environments. It also consists of active hardware, capable of routing or switching as well as executing code within active packets. This differs from the traditional network architecture which seeks robustness and stability by attempting to remove complexity and the ability to change its fundamental operation from underlying network components. Network processor s are one means of implementing active networking concepts. Active networks have also been implemented as overlay network s. What does it offer? Active networking allows the possibility of highly tailored and rapid real time changes to the underlying network operation. This enables such ideas as sending code along with packets of information allowing the data to change its form code to match the channel characteristics. The smallest program that can generate a sequence of data can be found in the definition of Kolmogorov complexity . The use of real time Genetic Algorithm genetic algorithms within the network to compose network services is also enabled by active networking. Fundamental challenges Active network research addresses the nature of how best to incorporate extremely dynamic capability within networks ref Bush, S. F., A Simple Metric ... As the limit in reduction of transistor size is reached with current technology, active networking ... in nanoscale networking . See also Nanoscale networking Network processing References Reflist 2 Further ...., ISBN 1 58053 745 6 External links http www.research.ge.com bushsf AVNMP.html Active Networking at GE ... Networking Category Network architecture Category Computer networks mk Active networking ... more details
Networking hardware typically refers to equipment facilitating the use of a computer networking computer network . Typically, this includes Router computing router s, network switch switches , ethernet hub hubs , Gateway telecommunications gateways , wireless access point access point s, network interface card s, Networking cables , network bridge s, modem s, Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN adapters , Firewall computing firewalls and other equipments. In the most common modernor portable and hand held devices. Other hardware prevalent within computer networking is datacenter equipment such as file server s, database server s and storage area network storage area s , network service s such as Domain name system DNS , DHCP , email etc as well as other specific network devices such as Content Delivery Network content delivery . Other diverse devices which may be considered Networking hardware include mobile phone s, Personal digital assistant PDAs and even modern coffee machine s. As technology grows and Internet Protocol IP based networks are integrated into building infrastructure and household utilities, network hardware becomes an ambiguous statement owing to the increasing number of network capable endpoints. External links http fcit.usf.edu network chap3 chap3.htm USF Explanation of network hardware Commonscat Network hardware Category Networking hardware be x old et Sidev rguseadmed es Hardware de red pt Hardware de rede ru ... more details
notability date October 2011 Unreferenced date November 2007 Distributed Networking is a distributed computing network system, said to be distributed when the computer programming and the data to be worked on are spread out over more than one computer, usually over a network. Prior to low cost computer power on the desktop, computing was centralized. Although such centers still exist, distribution networking applications and data operate more efficiently over a mix of desktop workstations, local area network servers, regional servers, Web servers, and other servers. A popular trend has been client server computing which is simply the view that a client computer can provide certain capabilities for a user and request others from other computers that provide services for the clients. The World Wide Web Web s Hypertext Transfer Protocol is an example of this idea. Enterprises that have grown in scale over the years and those that are continuing to grow are finding it extremely challenging to manage their distributed network in the traditional client server computing model. The recent developments in the field of cloud computing has opened up new possibilities. Cloud based networking vendors have started to sprout offering solutions for enterprise distributed networking needs. Whether it turns out to revolutionize the distributed networking space or turns out to be another fad remains to be seen. See also Distributed data store Distributed file system Cloud based networking Cloud computing , a more general concept whose current implementations are often dependent on data center s rather than a distributed network compu network stub Category File sharing networks Category Distributed data storage ja ... more details
tone date August 2009 Brand networking is the engagement of a social networking service around a brand by providing consumers with a platform of relevant content, elements of participation, and a currency, score, or ranking. Brands are using brand networking to create communities that serve as a fully encompassing interactive destination to incentivize brand participation online and off. This evolved level of user participation with the brand creates strong relationships with consumers and leverages sales and generates fan equity. ref name aacv.org Brand Networking Social Media Ownership, Return on Involvement and Open Social Networks http www.aacv.org Association of Advertising & Creative Versioning Retrieved on April 5, 2009 ref History The development and growth of social networking in the early 2000s gave birth to brand networking. Brands saw the immediate potential to reach and interact with consumers through online platforms like Facebook and MySpace . At first the ability to reach consumers by way of these platforms was inadequate brands had the option to join as members or simply advertise on these sites. The potential existed to not only display advertisements to consumers, but to engage them to interact with the brand. This is when brands made the shift to create their own networking platforms. Less evolved attempts to connect brands with consumers via networking typically ... which is all geared toward the show . Structure Brand Networking is more than a social networking .... Three key elements, in unity, create brand networking relevant content, elements of participation ... through the combination of typical social networking features online personalized page, friends ... or e commerce destinations. The final element of brand networking involves incentivizing participation ... are distributed for activity outside of the networking site. By incentivizing usage offline the brand ... boards, reviews Yes Yes No References Reflist Category Social networking services ... more details
In IEEE IEEE 802.11 802.11 Wi Fi terminology, a station STA is a device that has the capability to use the 802.11 protocol. For example, a station may be a laptop , a desktop PC, PDA , Wireless access point access point or Wi Fi phone. A STA may be fixed, mobile or portable. Generally in wireless networking terminology, a station, wireless client and Node networking node are often used interchangeably, and no strict distinction existing between these terms. With a station also being referred as transmitter or receiver based on its transmission characteristics. IEEE 802.11 2007 formally defines station as Any device that contains an IEEE 802.11 conformant medium access control MAC and physical layer PHY interface to the wireless medium WM . See also Basic Service Set Service set identifier External links http standards.ieee.org getieee802 download 802.11 2007.pdf Standards document IEEE 802.11 2007 Category Wi Fi Compu network stub pt Esta o rede de computadores ... more details
Orphan date October 2008 Visual networking refers to an emerging class of user applications that combine digital video and social networking capabilities. It is based upon the premise that visual literacy, the ability to interpret, negotiate and make meaning from information presented in the form of a moving image, is a powerful force in how humans communicate, entertain and learn. The duality of visual networking subsuming entertainment and communications , professional and personal content, video and other digital media, data networks and social networks to create immersive experiences, when, where and how the user wants it. These applications have changed video content from long form movies and broadcast television programming to a database of segments or clips, and social network annotations ... and sharing between users. History of visual networking The rise of visual networking is relatively recent phenomenon driven by the emergence of social networking capabilities and the ability to deliver interactive video over a broadband network. It is a natural evolution of the current social networking phenomena whereby social networking annotations are layered over broadband video to create ... pursued new combinations of video and social networking across a wide range of entertainment ..., informative and memorable. Social networking meets video At the core of visual networking is the concept ... than five intermediaries , social networking establishes interconnected Internet communities sometimes ... networking YouTube is the best early example of a visual networking experience. YouTube is a video sharing ... networking applications While still in its infancy, visual networking applications are beginning to emerge ..., Wired , Oct. 2004 References The Dawn of Visual Networking Social Networking and Video Make a Powerful Brew Roger L. Kay, 2008 , How visual networking could spell the end for the iPod R. Enderle ... Category Social networking services Category Video ... more details
Slum Networking is a holistic approach for improving urban infrastructure , developed by Himanshu Parikh http archnet.org library parties one party.tcl?party id 421 of Ahmedabad , India . It addresses a range of facilities needed by slum dwellers http web.mit.edu urbanupgrading upgrading resources bibliography TOC Slum Networking.html road s and Sidewalk footpath s storm drain storm drainage sanitation and sanitary sewer sewerage water supply earthworks engineering earthworks and soft landscaping street lighting solid waste management This is achieved minimal donor funding by maximizing community participation decision making participation and using microcredit systems. Technical aspects Image World Bank Funded public toilet in Indore City before Slum Networking Project.png thumb World Bank funded public toilet block in Indore City, surrounded by a cesspit Unsourced image removed image Indore City Street before Slum Networking Project.png thumb Street in Indore City before the slum networking project Unsourced image removed Image Indore City Street after slum networking.png thumb Street in Indore City after the slum networking project Drainage and sanitary sewer sewerage are made lower cost by making them follow the topography . Thus sewers do not need to be buried deeply, digging is reduced, and pumping of sewage is avoided as the sewers follow the natural drainage paths. In a lecture ref http www.ewb uk.org node 954 EWB UK Lecture , Cambridge, January 2004 MP3 format 81.4 MB ref for Engineers Without Borders UK , Himanshu Parikh explained that his research into the growth of slums had led to the realisation that slums always develop along the natural drainage paths. Therefore the cheapest way to provide sewerage to a city is to build major sewers through the slums and connect the higher and usually richer areas of the city to them. This then provides sewerage to the whole ... http www.efm.leeds.ac.uk CIVE Sewerage articles Slum 20Networking.htm Slum Networking A Holistic ... more details
In peer to peer networking, a supernode is any node networking node that also serves as one of that network s relayers and proxy server s, handling data flow and connections for other users. This semi distributed architecture allows data to be decentralized without requiring excessive overhead at every node. However, the increased workload of supernodes generally requires additional network bandwidth computing bandwidth and Central processing unit CPU time. Some peer to peer designs allow for the user to control whether their node is a supernode others do not. For example, Skype by default is configured as a supernode, an issue that has caused controversy. Despite criticism, Skype has contended that supernodes on their network act only to maintain information about who is online at a given time, and are not used to route calls between users. Beginning with version 3.0, Skype allows users to avoid becoming a supernode by modifying the Windows Registry . External links http saikat.guha.cc pub iptps06 skype An Experimental Study of the Skype Peer to Peer VoIP System http ictupdate.cta.int en Feature Articles The mesh potato network The Mesh Potato Network South African Project On Cheap Telephone Systems In Rural Areas Internet stub Category File sharing de Supernode ... more details
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